 |
De Leonism, occasionally known as Marxism-Deleonism, is a form of Marxism developed by Daniel De Leon. Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution African socialism is a belief in sharing economic resources in a "traditional" African way as distinct from classical Socialism. Arab Socialism (الاشتراكية العربية al-ishtirākīya al-‘arabīya) is a political ideology based on an amalgamation of Pan-Arabism and Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based De Leonism, occasionally known as Marxism-Deleonism, is a form of Marxism developed by Daniel De Leon. Democratic socialism is a description used by various socialist movements tendencies and organizations to emphasize the democratic character of their political orientation Eco-socialism, Green socialism or Socialist ecology is an Ideology merging aspects of Marxism, Socialism, Green politics Guild socialism is a political movement advocating workers' control of industry through the medium of trade-related Guilds. Libertarian socialism is a group of political philosophies that aim to create a society without political economic or social hierarchies – a society in which all violent Market socialism is a term used to denote two different Economic system (s based in Socialism which operate according to Market principles The term revolutionary socialism refers to Socialist tendencies that advocate the need for fundamental social change through Revolution, as a strategy to achieve a Social anarchism, socialist anarchism, anarcho-socialism, anarchist socialism or Communitarian anarchism,(sometimes used interchangeably with Social democracy is a Political ideology of the left and centre-left A socialist market economy is an economic form that is practiced in the People's Republic of China, where it is called Socialism with Chinese characteristics Utopian socialism is a term used to define the first currents of modern socialist thought Religious socialism is a Term used to describe forms of Socialism that are based on Religious values. Buddhist socialism is a Political ideology which advocates Socialism based on the principles of Buddhism. Christian socialism generally refers to those on the Christian left whose politics are both Christian and Socialist and who see these two philosophies as Islamic socialism is a term coined by various Muslim leaders to meet the demand for a more spiritual form of Socialism. Criticisms of Socialism range from disagreements over the efficiency of socialist economic and political models to condemnation of states described by themselves The history of socialism, sometimes termed 'modern socialism' finds its origins in the French Revolution of 1789 and the changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution Socialist economics is a broad and sometimes controversial term The term socialist state (or socialist republic, or workers' state) can carry one of several different (but related meanings In strictly speaking any Since the 18th century Socialist ideas have developed and separated into many different types of socialism. The following is a list of self-identified Socialists divided by geographical location The International Workingmen's Association (IWA, sometimes called the First International, was an international socialist organization which aimed at uniting a variety The Second International (1889-1916 was an organization of socialist and labour parties formed in Paris on July 14, 1889. The Comintern ( Com munist Intern ational also known as the Third International) was an international Communist organisation founded in Moscow The Fourth International ( FI) is a communist international organisation working in opposition to both Capitalism and Stalinism. Socialist International is a worldwide organization of socialist ( social democratic and labour) political parties The World Federation of Democratic Youth (WFDY is a left-wing youth organization recognized by the United Nations as an international youth Non-governmental organization The International Union of Socialist Youth (IUSY encompasses socialist, Social democratic and Labour Party youth organizations from more than 100 states Anarchism is a Political philosophy encompassing theories and attitudes which support the elimination of all compulsory Government, i Worker self-management (or autogestion) is a form of workplace decision-making in which the workers themselves agree on choices (for issues like customer care general production Class struggle is the active expression of Class conflict looked at from any kind of socialist perspective Democracy is a form of government in which the supreme power is held completely by the people under a free electoral system The " dictatorship of the proletariat " or workers' state is a term employed by Marxists that refers to what they see as a temporary state between the Egalitarianism (derived from the French word égal, meaning equal) is a political doctrine that holds that all people should be treated as equals and have Equality of outcome or equality of condition is a form of Egalitarianism which seeks to reduce or eliminate differences in material condition between individuals or Impossibilism is an interpretation of Marxism. It emphasizes the limited value of reforms in overturning capitalism and insists on revolutionary political action as the only For the Marxist concept of internationalism see Proletarian internationalism. Marxism is the political philosophy and practice derived from the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. A proletarian revolution is a social and/or political Revolution in which the Working class attempts to overthrow the Bourgeoisie. Socialism in One Country was a thesis developed by Nikolai Bukharin in 1925 and adopted as state policy by Joseph Stalin. A trade union or labour union is an organization of workers who have banded together to achieve common goals in key areas such as wages hours and working conditions forming Utilitarianism is the idea that the moral worth of an action is solely determined by its contribution to overall Utility, that is its contribution to happiness Marxism is the political philosophy and practice derived from the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Daniel De Leon ( December 14, 1852 &ndash May 11, 1914) was a Curaçao -born American socialist and Syndicalism De Leon was an early leader of the first US socialist political party, the Socialist Labor Party. Origins The party was founded in Newark New Jersey, in 1876 as the Workingmen's Party of America. This party exists to the present day.
De Leon combined the rising theories of Syndicalism in his time with orthodox Marxism. Syndicalism is a type of movement which aims to degrade capitalist societies through action by the Working class on the industrial front Orthodox Marxism is the term used to describe the version of Marxism which emerged after the death of Karl Marx and acted as the official philosophy of the According to De Leonist theory, militant Industrial Unions (specialized trade unions) are the vehicle of class struggle. Industrial unionism is a labor union organizing method through which all workers in the same industry are organized into the same union—regardless of skill or trade—thus A trade union or labour union is an organization of workers who have banded together to achieve common goals in key areas such as wages hours and working conditions forming Class struggle is the active expression of Class conflict looked at from any kind of socialist perspective Industrial Unions serving the interests of the "proletariat" (working class) will bring about the change needed to establish a socialist system. The proletariat (from Latin la ''proles'' "offspring" is a term used to identify a lower Social class; a member of such a class is proletarian Working class is a term used in academic Sociology and in ordinary conversation to describe depending on context and speaker those employed in specific fields or types Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution How this differs from Anarcho-Syndicalism is that, according to De Leonist thinking, a revolutionary political party is also necessary to fight for the proletariat on the political field. Anarcho-syndicalism is a branch of Anarchism which focuses on the labour movement.
Contents |
Tactics
According to the De Leonist theory, workers would simultaneously form Socialist Industrial Unions in the workplaces, and a socialist political party which would organize in the political realm. Upon achieving sufficient support for a victory at the polls, the political party would be voted into office, giving the De Leonist program a mandate from the people. It is assumed that at that point, the Socialist Industrial Unions will have attained sufficient strength in the workplaces for workers there to take control of the means of production. Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee.
The De Leonist victory at the polls would be accompanied by a transfer of control of the factories, mines, farms and other means of production to workers councils organized within the industrial unions. Means Of Production is a compilation of Aim 's early 12" and EP releases recorded between 1995 and 1998 De Leonists distinguish this event from the general strike to take control of the workplaces advocated by anarcho-syndicalists, and refer to it instead as a general lockout of the ruling class, although in reality the two concepts are very similar. A general strike is a Strike action by a critical mass of the labour force in a city region or country
The existing government would then be replaced with a government elected from within the Socialist Industrial Unions, and the newly elected socialist government would quickly enact whatever constitutional amendments or other changes in the structure of government needed to bring this about. Workers on the shop floor would elect local shop floor committees needed to continue production, and representatives to local and national councils representing their particular industry. A committee (some of which are titled instead as a "Commission" or other terms discussed below in) is a type of small Deliberative assembly that is usually intended
Workers would also elect representatives to a central congress, called an All-Industrial Congress, which would effectively function as the national government. A congress is a formal meeting of representatives from different countries (or by extension Constituent States, or independent organisations (such as different Trade National governments (alternatively national unity governments or national union governments) are broad Coalition governments consisting of all parties (or These representatives would be subject to a recall vote at any time. A recall election is a procedure by which voters can remove an elected official from office De Leonism would thus reorganize the national government along industrial lines with representatives elected by industry, not by geographic location.
De Leonism and other forms of Socialism
De Leonism lies outside the Leninist tradition of communism. Leninism refers to various related political and economic theories elaborated by Bolshevik revolutionary leader Vladimir Lenin. Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based Its adherents are generally opposed to the policies of the former Soviet Union, and those of the People's Republic of China, and other Communist states, and do not consider them socialist, but rather state capitalist. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Communist state is a term used by many Political scientists to describe a Form of government in which the State operates under a one-party system State capitalism, in its classic meaning is a private capitalist economy under State control The highly decentralized and democratic nature of the proposed De Leonist government is in contrast to the democratic centralism of Marxism-Leninism and what they see as the dictatorial nature of the Soviet Union. __FORCETOC__ Decentralization or Decentralisation (see Spelling differences) is the process of dispersing Decision-making governance closer to the people Democracy is a form of government in which the supreme power is held completely by the people under a free electoral system Democratic centralism is the name given to the principles of internal organization used by Leninist political parties and the term is sometimes used as a synonym for any Leninist Marxism-Leninism is a Communist ideological stream that emerged as the mainstream tendency amongst the Communist parties in the 1920s as it was adopted A dictatorship is usually defined as an autocratic Form of government in which the Government is ruled by a Dictator. De Leonists believe their proposed system of government, not the vanguardism of Marxism-Leninism, is the true representation of what Karl Marx meant by a "dictatorship of the proletariat". In the context of Revolutionary struggle vanguardism is a strategy whereby an organization (usually a Vanguard party) attempts to place itself at the center of the The " dictatorship of the proletariat " or workers' state is a term employed by Marxists that refers to what they see as a temporary state between the
Vladimir Lenin initially acknowledged the influence of Daniel De Leon's theories during the setting up of Soviets (workers' councils) after the October Revolution of 1917, but also criticized De Leonism as one of several left communist tendencies which he considered unworkable (see, for example, Lenin's book Left-Wing Communism: An Infantile Disorder). A soviet (сове́т, "council" originally was a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia. The October Revolution (Октябрьская революция Oktyabrskaya revolyutsiya) also known as the Soviet Revolution Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Left communism is the range of communist viewpoints held by the Communist Left, which opposes the political ideas of the Bolsheviks "Left-Wing" Communism An Infantile Disorder ( Russian: Детская болезнь "левизны" в коммунизме is a work by
The success of the De Leonist plan depends on achieving majority support among the people both in the workplaces and at the polls, in contrast to the Leninist notion that a small vanguard party should lead the working class to carry out the revolution. A vanguard party is a Political party at the forefront of a mass action movement or revolution De Leonism is criticized by some other Marxists for this reason, and the term "impossibilists" has sometimes been applied to De Leonists, implying that their chance of success is nil. Impossibilism is an interpretation of Marxism. It emphasizes the limited value of reforms in overturning capitalism and insists on revolutionary political action as the only
De Leonist political parties have also been criticized for being overly dogmatic and sectarian. Dogma (the plural is either dogmata or dogmas, Greek, plural) is the established Belief or Sectarianism is Bigotry, Discrimination, Prejudice or Hatred arising from attaching importance to perceived differences between subdivisions Despite their rejection of Leninism and vanguardism, De Leonism also lies outside the Democratic Socialist and Social Democratic tradition. Democratic socialism is a description used by various socialist movements tendencies and organizations to emphasize the democratic character of their political orientation Social democracy is a Political ideology of the left and centre-left Daniel De Leon and other De Leonist writers have issued frequent polemics against democratic socialist movements, especially the Socialist Party of America, and consider them to be "reformist" or "bourgeois socialist". The Socialist Party of America (SPA was a socialist Political party in the United States. Socialist Reformism is the belief that gradual democratic changes in a Society can ultimately change a society's fundamental economic relations and political structures De Leonists have traditionally refrained from any activity or alliances viewed by them as trying to reform capitalism, such as social justice movements, preferring instead to concentrate solely on the twin tasks of building support for a De Leonist political party and organizing Socialist Industrial Unions. Capitalism is the Economic system in which the Means of production are owned by private Persons and operated for Profit and where Social justice, sometimes called civil justice, refers to the concept of a Society in which Justice is achieved in every aspect of society rather than They have had little success at either, and De Leonist political parties remain quite small.
De Leonist political parties
See also
External links
Origins The party was founded in Newark New Jersey, in 1876 as the Workingmen's Party of America. Impossibilism is an interpretation of Marxism. It emphasizes the limited value of reforms in overturning capitalism and insists on revolutionary political action as the onlyDapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic