| David II | |
| King of Scots | |
 |
|
| Reign | 7 June 1329 – 22 February 1371 |
|---|---|
| Born | 5 March 1324 |
| Birthplace | Dunfermline |
| Died | February 22, 1371 (aged 46) |
| Place of death | Dundonald |
| Buried | Holyrood Abbey |
| Predecessor | Robert I |
| Successor | Robert II |
| Consort | i) Joan of England ii) Margaret Drummond |
| Royal House | Bruce |
| Father | Robert I |
| Mother | Elizabeth de Burgh |
David II, King of Scots (5 March 1324 – 22 February 1371) King of Scots, son of King Robert the Bruce by his second wife, Elizabeth de Burgh (d. The monarch of Scotland was the Head of state of the Kingdom of Scotland. Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a Dunfermline (Scottish Gaelic Dùn Phàrlain is a town and former Royal Burgh in Fife. Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne Dundonald Castle is situated on a hill overlooking the village of Dundonald, between Kilmarnock and Troon in South Ayrshire, Scotland Holyrood Abbey is a ruined Augustinian Abbey in Edinburgh, Scotland. Robert I King of Scots ( 11 July, 1274 &ndash 7 June, 1329) usually known in modern English as Robert the Bruce ( Marriages and issue His first wife was Elizabeth Mure, by her he had at least ten children King Robert III of Scotland Joan of England ( July 5, 1321 &ndash September 7, 1362) known as Joan of the Tower was the first wife and Queen consort of Margaret Drummond (circa 1340 - after January 31, 1375) was the second queen of King David II of Scotland and a daughter of Sir Malcolm Drummond Knt Robert I King of Scots ( 11 July, 1274 &ndash 7 June, 1329) usually known in modern English as Robert the Bruce ( For her grand-niece see Elizabeth de Burgh 4th Countess of Ulster. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne The monarch of Scotland was the Head of state of the Kingdom of Scotland. Robert I King of Scots ( 11 July, 1274 &ndash 7 June, 1329) usually known in modern English as Robert the Bruce ( For her grand-niece see Elizabeth de Burgh 4th Countess of Ulster. 1327), was born at Dunfermline Palace, Fife. Dunfermline (Scottish Gaelic Dùn Phàrlain is a town and former Royal Burgh in Fife. Fife ( Gaelic: Fìobha) is a Council area of Scotland, situated between the Firth of Tay and the Firth of Forth, with inland [1]
In accordance with the terms of the Treaty of Northampton he was married on 17 July 1328 to (as his first wife) Joan of the Tower (d. The Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton was a Peace treaty, signed in 1328 between the Kingdoms of England and Scotland. Events 180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa are executed for being Christians Joan of England ( July 5, 1321 &ndash September 7, 1362) known as Joan of the Tower was the first wife and Queen consort of 1362), daughter of Edward II of England and Isabella of France, at Berwick-upon-Tweed. For the play see Edward II (play. For the film see Edward II (film. Isabella of France (c 1295 &ndash August 22, 1358) known as the She-Wolf of France, was the Queen consort of Edward II of Berwick-upon-Tweed ( ˈbɛrɪk- ( Scots: Berwick or historically South Berwick) situated in the county of Northumberland, is the northernmost They had no issue. [2]
David became king of Scotland upon the death of his father on 7 June 1329, aged 5 years, 3 months, and 3 days. Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins David and his Queen were crowned at Scone on November 24, 1331. Events 380 - Theodosius I makes his adventus, or formal [3]
Sir Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray, by the Act of Settlement of 1318, became Guardian of Scotland until his death on July 20, 1332. Thomas Randolph 1st Earl of Moray (died 20 July 1332) was Regent of Scotland an important figure in the Scottish Wars of Independence The Guardians of Scotland were the De facto Heads of state of Scotland during the First Interregnum of 1286 – 1292 Events 1304 - Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Stirling Castle - King Edward I of England takes the last rebel stronghold He was replaced as Guardian by Donald, Earl of Mar, by an assemblage of the magnates of Scotland, at Perth, August 2, 1332. Perth (Peairt is a town and former Royal burgh in central Scotland. Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the However, Mar fell at the Battle of Dupplin Moor ten days later, following which Sir Andrew Moray of Bothwell, who had married (her third husband) Christian, sister of King Robert I, was chosen the new Guardian. Battle of Dupplin Moor was fought between supporters of the infant David II, the son of Robert the Bruce, and rebels supporting the Balliol claim in Robert I King of Scots ( 11 July, 1274 &ndash 7 June, 1329) usually known in modern English as Robert the Bruce ( He was taken prisoner by the English at Roxburgh in April 1333. Roxburgh Castle was a Castle sited near modern Roxburgh, in the Borders region of Scotland. He was thence replaced as Guardian by Sir Archibald Douglas, 'Tyneman', who fell at Halidon Hill that July. [4]
Following the Scots' defeat at Dupplin, Edward Balliol was crowned King of the Scots by the English and his adherents, at Scone, September 24, 1332. Edward de Balliol (c 1282&ndash1364 was the short-lived King of Scotland during the simultaneous reign of King David II. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina. However, by December he had fled to England. [5]
Owing to the victory of Edward III of England and his protégé, Edward Balliol, at the Battle of Halidon Hill in July 1333, David and his Queen were sent for safety into France, reaching Boulogne on May 14, 1334,[6] and being received very graciously by the French king, Philip VI. Edward III (13 November 1312 &ndash 21 June 1377 was one of the most successful English monarchs of the Middle Ages. Battle of Halidon Hill ( July 19, 1333) was fought during the Second War of Scottish Independence. Boulogne-sur-Mer ( Bonen in Dutch is a City in Northern France. Events 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the Philip VI (1293 &ndash 22 August 1350) known as the Fortunate ( French: le Fortuné) and of Valois, was the Little is known about the life of the Scottish king in France, except that Château-Gaillard was given to him for a residence, and that he was present at the bloodless meeting of the English and French armies in October 1339 at Vironfosse, now known as Buironfosse, in the Arrondissement of Vervins. Château-Gaillard is a ruined medieval Castle, located above the town of Les Andelys, in the Eure département of Buironfosse is a commune in the department of Aisne in Picardie in northern France. The arrondissement of Vervins is an arrondissement of France located in the Aisne department, in the Picardie region.
Meanwhile his representatives had obtained the upper hand in Scotland, and David was thus enabled to return to his kingdom, landing at Inverbervie in Kincardineshire on June 2, 1341, when he took the reins of government into his own hands. Inverbervie ( Ordnance Survey grid reference) is a small town on the north-east Coast of Scotland, south of Stonehaven, in the The County of Kincardine, also known as Kincardineshire or The Mearns (from A' Mhaoirne meaning 'The Stewartry' was a local government Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks
In 1346 under the terms of the Auld Alliance, he invaded England in the interests of France, but was defeated and taken prisoner by John Coupeland at the Battle of Neville's Cross on October 17, 1346,[7] and remained in England for eleven years, living principally in London, at Odiham Castle in Hampshire and Windsor Castle in Berkshire. The Auld Alliance (Vieille Alliance auld-alliansen refers to a series of treaties offensive and defensive in nature between Scotland and France aimed specifically The Battle of Neville's Cross took place near Durham, England on October 17, 1346. Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost Odiham Castle (also known locally as King John's Castle is a ruined castle situated near Odiham in Hampshire Wildlife Hampshire has wildlife typical of the island of Great Britain Windsor Castle, in Windsor in the English county of Berkshire, is the largest inhabited Castle in the world and dating back to the time of Berkshire (ˈbɑːkʃə or /ˈbɑːkʃɪə/ say Baak-shuh/-sheer sometimes abbreviated to Berks) is a Home County in the South His imprisonment was not a rigorous one, and negotiations for his release were soon begun.
Eventually, on October 3, 1357, after several interruptions, a treaty was signed at Berwick-upon-Tweed by which the Scottish estates undertook to pay 100,000 marks as a ransom for their king. Events 42 BC - First Battle of Philippi: Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's Berwick-upon-Tweed ( ˈbɛrɪk- ( Scots: Berwick or historically South Berwick) situated in the county of Northumberland, is the northernmost This article is about the archaic weight of measure/currency For other uses of mark, see the disambiguation page Mark. This was ratified by parliament at Scone on November 6, 1357. Events 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with
David returned at once to Scotland; but owing to the poverty of the kingdom it was found impossible to raise the ransom. A few instalments were paid, but the king sought to get rid of the liability by offering to make Edward III, or one of his sons, his successor in Scotland. In 1364 the Scottish parliament indignantly rejected a proposal to make Lionel, Duke of Clarence, the next king; but David negotiated secretly with Edward III over this matter, after he had suppressed a rising of some of his unruly nobles. Lionel of Antwerp Duke of Clarence ( November 29 1338 &ndash October 7 1368) was the third son but the second son to survive infancy of Duke of Clarence is a title which has been traditionally awarded to junior members of the English and British Royal families.
The king died in Edinburgh Castle on February 22, 1371 and was buried in Holyrood Abbey. Edinburgh Castle is an ancient Stronghold which dominates the sky-line of the Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne Holyrood Abbey is a ruined Augustinian Abbey in Edinburgh, Scotland. [8][9]
He remarried about February 20, 1364, Margaret Drummond, widow of Sir John Logie, Knt. Events 1472 - Orkney and Shetland are left by Norway to Scotland, due to a Dowry payment Margaret Drummond (circa 1340 - after January 31, 1375) was the second queen of King David II of Scotland and a daughter of Sir Malcolm Drummond Knt , and daughter of Sir Malcolm Drummond, Knt. He divorced her about March 20, 1370. Events 1600 - The Linköping Bloodbath takes place on Maundy Thursday in Linköping, Sweden. They had no issue. [10][11] Margaret, however, travelled to Avignon and made a successful appeal to the Pope to reverse the sentence of divorce which had been pronounced against her in Scotland. Avignon (/aviɲɔ̃/ in French) ( Provençal: Avinhon in classical norm or Avignoun in Mistralian norm is a commune She was still alive in January 1375. [12]
At the time of his death he was planning to marry his mistress Agnes Dunbar, daughter of Agnes Dunbar, 4th Countess of Moray. A mistress is a man's long term female Sexual partner and companion who is not married to him especially used when the man is married to another woman Agnes Dunbar (fl late 14th century was a mistress of King David II of Scotland. Agnes Randolph 4th Countess of Moray (c 1312 &ndash 1369 was also known as Black Agnes because of her olive skin complexion was the spouse of Patrick 9th Earl He left no children and was succeeded by his nephew, Robert II. Marriages and issue His first wife was Elizabeth Mure, by her he had at least ten children King Robert III of Scotland He was the last male of the whole House of Bruce.
Notes
- ^ Richardson, Douglas, Plantagenet Ancestry, Baltimore, Md. , 2004, p. 23, ISBN 0-8063-1750-7
- ^ Richardson (2004) p. 23
- ^ Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. , Scottish Kings - A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005 - 1625, Edinburgh, 1899, p. 146-7
- ^ Dunbar (1899) p. 147-9
- ^ Dunbar (1899) p. 148-9
- ^ Dunbar (1899) p. 150
- ^ Dunbar (1899) p. 152
- ^ Dunbar (1899) p. 154
- ^ Richardson (2004) p. 23
- ^ Dunbar (1899) p. 154
- ^ Richardson (2004) p. 23
- ^ Dunbar (1899) p. 156.
References
- David Nash Ford (2004). Royal Berkshire History: David II, King of Scots (1324-1371).
- John of Fordun (1871–72). John of Fordun (d c 1384 was a Scottish Chronicler. It is generally stated that he was born at Fordoun, Mearns. Chronica gentis Scotorum, edited by W. F. Skene. William Forbes Skene (7 June 1809 &ndash 29 August 1892 Scottish Historian and Antiquary, was the second son of Sir Walter Scott 's friend Edinburgh.
- John Hill Burton. John Hill Burton ( August 22, 1809 – August 10, 1881) was a Scottish Historian, Jurist, and Economist (1905). History of Scotland, vol. ii. Edinburgh.
- Andrew Lang. For the former National Basketball Association player see Andrew Lang (basketball. (1900). History of Scotland, vol. i. Edinburgh.
- Andrew of Wyntoun. Andrew Wyntoun, known as Andrew of Wyntoun (c 1350 &ndash c 1423 was a Scottish poet a canon and Prior of Loch Leven on St Serf's (1872–79). The orygynale cronykil of Scotland, edited by D. Laing Edinburgh.
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
Further reading
- Michael Brown. (2004). The Wars of Scotland, 1214–1371. The New Edinburgh History of Scotland, volume 4. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
- Ranald Nicholson. (1975). , Scotland. The Later Middle Ages. Edinburgh: Mercat Press. Mercat Press is an Imprint of the Edinburgh, Scotland -based Publishing company Birlinn Limited.
- Michael Penman. (2003). David II, 1329–71: The Bruce Dynasty in Scotland. East Linton: Tuckwell Press.
|
David II of Scotland
Born: 1324 Died: 1371 |
||
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Robert |
King of Scots 7 June 1329–22 February 1371 |
Succeeded by Robert II |
| Scottish royalty | ||
| Preceded by Robert Stewart |
Heir of Scotland as heir apparent 5 March 1324–7 June 1329 |
Succeeded by Robert Stewart |
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