The above illustration shows Darkover as the planet on the left with its four moons: Liriel, Kyrrdis, Idriel and Mormallor. In the background is a representation of the Cottman red giant star.

Darkover is the focus of the Darkover series of science fiction novels and short stories by Marion Zimmer Bradley and others published since 1958. The Darkover series consists of several Novels and short stories set in the fictional world of Darkover as created by Science fiction author A novel (from Italian novella, Spanish novela, French nouvelle for "new" "news" or "short story The short story is a literary genre of Fictional Prose Narrative that tends to be more concise and to the point than longer works of fiction such Marion Eleanor Zimmer Bradley ( June 3, 1930 – September 25, 1999) was an American author of Fantasy novels such Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. According to the novels, Darkover is the only human-habitable of seven planets orbiting a fictional red giant star called Cottman. A planet, as defined by the International Astronomical Union (IAU is a celestial body Orbiting a Star or stellar remnant that is A red giant is a luminous Giant star of low or intermediate mass (roughly 0

The Cottman stellar system

Of the seven Cottman planets, Darkover is the fourth-farthest in orbit, which gives the planet its other name, Cottman IV. Two of the three planets (Cottman II and Cottman III) which are closer to the system's star are gas giants, the third (Cottman I) is a barren, scorched rock too close to its star to sustain life. A gas giant (sometimes also known as a Jovian planet after the planet Jupiter, or giant planet) is a large Planet that is not primarily Of the three outer planets, the two farthest from Cottman (Cottman VI and Cottman VII) are gas giants akin to Earth's Jupiter and Saturn. Cottman V is an ice planet that while not toxic to humans, cannot naturally support a self-sustaining human population.

Like its neighbor, Darkover is a planet stuck in a permanent ice age. An ice age is a period of long-term reduction in the Temperature of the Earth 's surface and atmosphere resulting in an expansion of continental Ice sheets Only one small equatorial strip of its single smallish continent is warm enough to support limited agriculture, fishing, and livestock. But the planet's climate is harsh by any standard, with the warmest parts of the world snow-free for only a few weeks out of the year.

Similar in size to Earth, Darkover has a lower gravity due to its relative lack of metals; it also has a higher percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere. One Darkover year is roughly equal to 15 Earth months.

Darkover weather and geography

Darkover's weather is affected by two major forces:

• A huge mountain range called "The Wall Around the World" which reaches a height of 9,000 meters above sea level. This mountain range has the cooling effect of a third pole and has set the angle of Darkover's axis of rotation to be more extreme than that of Earth's which causes an extreme fluctuation between summer and winter temperatures in its equatorial region.
• Unlike the Earth, which has only one natural satellite, Darkover has four moons which affect tidal forces and weather patterns.

Darkover's four moons vary in size and color, two appear large from the surface of the planet. The largest is named Liriel, and appears to have a violet tint. The second largest, Kyrrdis, is described as "peacock blue. " The third, sea-green hued Idriel, appears to be mid-range in size, while the fourth, Mormallor, is a very small white moon. It is thought that Mormallor may have been a passing asteroid that was captured by Darkover's gravity.

A map of the habitable part of Darkover showing major settlements and landforms (Larger detailed version)

Viewing Darkover from space, the planet is dominated by polar icecaps that cover a majority of its surface. The sole continent, just a few degrees north of the equator, is linked to the northern icecap on the continental northern and eastern side where glaciers from The Wall Around the World mountain range abut the cap. To the south and west of that mountain range is Darkover's nominally temperate continental zone which borders the open water of the planet's ocean.

This part of the continent is dominated by forests of giant evergreen trees that grow in the mountain foothills to heights unimaginable on Earth due to the planet's lower gravity. Further, southwest from the forests are Darkover's highlands, plains, salt marshes and arable river valleys. On the continent's far western side is another mountain range called "The Hellers" and a high elevation cold desert plateau called "The Dry Towns. "

Sentient native Darkover life

When humans first land on Darkover, they soon find an ancient world already inhabited by sentient life forms. The Kyrri and Cralmacs were created by humans in the Ages of Chaos.

Catmen

Territorial cat-like non humans with primitive Laran. Known to trade with Dry Towners and attack travelers.

Chieri

One of the first native species Earth explorers find are the Chieri, a race of extremely long-lived, six fingered, tall and telepathic individuals of semi-hermaphroditic physiology. Telepathy ( Greek τηλε tele meaning "distant" and πάθεια patheia meaning "to be affected by" describes the purported transfer A hermaphrodite is an organism having both male and female reproductive organs They are extremely long-lived, with life-spans reaching into the tens of thousands of years. They are variously described as having golden or gray eyes and with long, translucent or silver-gray hair. The Chieri also are a race on the verge of extinction due to low fertility rates. But it is found in rare instances that Chieri and human can interbreed.

The Chieri are later explained in The World Wreckers as the last, dying remnants of a space traveling species whose abilities have dwindled with their fertility and ambition as a species. Darkover is their home world, which they once left searching for means to halt their extinction, and to which they returned when they had no hope left.
Chieri and humans are very similar biologically and can interbreed, which led to the emergence of humans with great psychic gifts, the Comyn. It is possible that humans are a sub-species of Chieri, as they seem to have come first. However, in Star of Danger, the Chieri who aids Kennard Alton and Larry Montray, tells them that the Chieri share common ancestors with the Trailmen and the Kyrri, though not with the Terrans.

Kyrri

Humanoid-type bipeds, Kyrri are covered with grey fur and have simian faces with glowing green eyes. Kyrri generated a bioelectric field and sometimes give painful but non-lethal electric shocks to unfamiliar humans.

Trailmen

This semi-arboreal race of vegetarians build large cities in Darkover's tall trees. Their population suffers when humans live nearby. They are the source of Trailmen's fever.

Ya-men

Although the actual intelligence of this bird-like race is in question, these mountain-dwellers are seldom seen by humans who inhabit the low lands.

Cralmac

Artificially bred by humans during the Ages of Chaos, the Cralmac are semi-intelligent beings apparently developed from genetically altered human DNA. They usually feature in the Darkovan novels as the servants of Laranzu working in the towers, with the explanation that theirs is the only touch humans in the hyper-sensitive state of the matrix worker can bear. It is not unusual for hostility against a woman of high social status to be expressed in terms of a spurious accusation that she engages in intimate relations with her Cralmac servants.

Laran, Chieri and Human interbreeding and the Kireseth

Perhaps the most significant feature of Darkovan society is the presence of Laran, the psychic powers of the Comyn, who are the ruling class of Darkover. Various arguments are presented to explain the high presence of psychic abilities in the human population of Darkover. One of the most significant is that the human colony described in the 'first' chronological book, Darkover Landfall, received the genetic material which carried Laran from the Chieri who fathered children with human women, and who bore children with human men. Darkover Landfall is a Science fiction novel by Marion Zimmer Bradley in the Darkover Book series. The original population of the colony also derived overwhelmingly from certain areas of north-west Europe (the Scottish highlands, Ireland and the Basque country) commonly linked in popular belief and tradition with a high level of supernatural abilities such as the second sight.

The other, equally significant argument is that the planet itself contributed to the realization of psychic abilities in its human population, primarily through the star flower or Kireseth. The "ghost winds", where Kireseth flowers bloom in unseasonably warm weather and then produce a vast amount of the psychotropic pollen which give the winds their name, are described in Darkover Landfall as the first human experiences with Darkovan pharmacopeia and its psychological effects. Darkover Landfall is a Science fiction novel by Marion Zimmer Bradley in the Darkover Book series.

See also

• Darkover series
• Darkover Map: a large detail map of Darkover
• Marion Zimmer Bradley
• List of Darkover books

External links

• Marion Zimmer Bradley Literary Works Trust
• Darkover Fan Convention
• Huge Darkover Fan Site (outdated)