A dansa or dança was an Occitan form of lyric poetry developed in the late thirteenth century among the troubadours. Occitan ( IPA BrE: /ˈɒksɪtn/ AmE: /ˈɑksəˌtɑn/ known also as Lenga d'òc or Langue d'oc (native name occitan Lyric poetry refers to a usually short poem that expresses personal feelings which may or may not be set to music A troubadour ( IPA:, originally) was a composer and performer of Occitan Lyric poetry during the High Middle Ages (1100&ndash1350 It is related to the English term "dance" and was often accompanied by dancing. Dance (from French danser, perhaps from Frankish) is an Art form that generally refers to movement of the body usually rhythmic A closely related form, the balada, had a more complex structure, and is related to the ballade but unrelated to the ballad. The ballade (bəˈlɑːd not to be confused with the Ballad) is a verse form typically consisting of three eight-line Stanzas each with a consistent A ballad is a Poem usually set to Music; thus it often is a story told in a Song. Both terms derive from Occitan words for "to dance": dansar and balar/ballar.
A dansa begins with a respos of one or two lines, whose rhyme scheme matches that of the first line or two of each subsequent cobla. A rhyme scheme is the pattern of rhyming Lines in a Poem or Song. A cobla is a Stanza in Occitan Lyric poetry, the artform of the Troubadours. The actual respos may have been repeated between stanzas, of which there were usually three, as a refrain. A refrain (from Vulgar Latin refringere, "to repeat" and later from Old French refraindre) is the Line or lines that are The few surviving melodies of dansas have seem like incipient virelais. A virelai is a form of Medieval French verse used often in Poetry and Music. The verses of the dansa were sung by a soloist while the refrain was sung by a choir. For the musical composition see Chorale. A choir, chorale, or chorus is a Musical ensemble of Singers
In a balada each stanza is divided into three parts. The first part and second part are identical, each ending with the same rhyme as the first line of the poem. The third part of the stanza is identical to the refrain (refranh) in form. The refrain, which begins the song, is repeated after each stanza. In a balada the lines of the choir and the soloist could mix.
A desdansa (or desdança) was the opposite of a dansa, not in form but in content. Whereas a dansa had joyful lyrics and lively music, a desdansa was sad and lamenting, much like a planh designed for dance. The planh or plaing is a funeral lament used by the Troubadours modeled on the medieval Latin Planctus. The desdansa is defined, and exemplified, in the Cançoneret de Ripoll. The Cançoneret de Ripoll (Carmina Riulpullensa now manuscript 129 of Ripoll in the Arxiu de la Corona d'Aragó, is a short Catalan - Occitan
References
- Aubrey, Elizabeth (1996). The Music of the Troubadours. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. ISBN 0 253 21389 4.
- Riquer, Martí de (1964). Història de la Literatura Catalana, vol. 1. Barcelona: Edicions Ariel.
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic