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For other persons named Daniel O'Connell, see Daniel O'Connell (disambiguation). Dan O'Connell may refer to Daniel O'Connell (1775&ndash1847 Irish nationalist leader His son Daniel O'Connell Jr
Daniel O'Connell
Dónal Ó Conaill

Daniel O'Connell
Born August 6, 1775(1775-08-06)
Cahirciveen, Ireland
Died May 15, 1847 (aged 71)
Genoa, Italy

Daniel O'Connell (6 August 1775 – 15 May 1847) (Irish: Dónal Ó Conaill), known as The Liberator,[1] or The Emancipator,[2] was an Irish political leader in the first half of the nineteenth century. Events 1538 - Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada. Year 1775 ( MDCCLXXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Cahirciveen ( alternate spellings Cahersiveen Caherciveen or Cahirsiveen -is a town in County Kerry, Ireland. Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the Year 1847 ( MDCCCXLVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Genoa ( Genova, ˈdʒɛːnova in Italian; Zena in Genoese and Ligurian; Genua in Latin and archaically in English Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Events 1538 - Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada. Year 1775 ( MDCCLXXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the Year 1847 ( MDCCCXLVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Irish (ga ''Gaeilge'' is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish. Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world He campaigned for Catholic Emancipation - the right for Catholics to sit in the Westminster Parliament, denied for over 100 years - and Repeal of the Union between Ireland and Great Britain. Catholic Emancipation (Fuascailt na gCaitliceach or Catholic Relief, was a process in Great Britain and Ireland in the late 18th century and early 19th The Repeal Association was an Irish mass membership political movement set up by Daniel O'Connell to campaign for a repeal of the Act of Union of 1800 between

Contents

Early life

O'Connell was born in Carhen, near Caherciveen, County Kerry, to a once-wealthy Roman Catholic family. Cahirciveen ( alternate spellings Cahersiveen Caherciveen or Cahirsiveen -is a town in County Kerry, Ireland. County Kerry ( Contae Chiarraí in Irish) is a southwestern county of Ireland. Under the patronage of his wealthy bachelor uncle, Maurice "Hunting Cap" O'Connell, he studied at Douai in France, and was admitted to Lincoln's Inn in 1794, transferring to Dublin's King's Inns two years later. Douai ( Dutch: Dowaai) is a town and commune in the north of France in the département of Nord This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn is one of four Inns of Court in London to which Barristers of England and Wales belong and where Dublin (ˈdʌblɨn/ /ˈdʊblɨn or /ˈdʊbəlɪn/, bˠalʲə aːha klʲiəh or cliə(ɸ is both the largest city and capital of Ireland. The King's Inns (Óstaí an Rí formally known as the Honorable Society of King's Inns ( HSKI) is the institution which controls the entry of barristers-at-law In his early years, he became acquainted with the pro-democracy radicals of the time, and committed himself to bringing equal rights and religious tolerance to his own country.

O'Connell's Home at Derrynane
O'Connell's Home at Derrynane

While in Dublin studying for the law O'Connell was under his Uncle Maurice's instructions not to become involved in any militia activity. When Wolfe Tone's French invasion fleet entered Bantry Bay in December, 1796, O'Connell found himself in a quandary. Theobald Wolfe Tone, commonly known as Wolfe Tone ( 20 June, 1763 – 19 November, 1798) was a leading figure in the United Bantry Bay ( Cuan Baoi / Inbhear na mBárc / Bádh Bheanntraighe is a Bay located in County Cork, southwest Ireland. Politics was the cause of his unsettlement. [3] Dennis Gwynn in his Daniel O’Connell: The Irish Liberator suggests that the unsettlement was because he was enrolled as a volunteer in defence of Government, yet the Government was intensifying its persecution of the Catholic people of which he was one. [3] He desired to enter Parliament, yet every allowance that the Catholics had been led to anticipate, two years previously, was now flatly vetoed. [3]

As a law student, O'Connell was aware of his own talents, but the higher ranks of the Bar were closed to him. Having read the Jockey Club, as a picture of the governing class in England, and was persuaded by it that, “vice reigns triumphant in the English court at this day. The spirit of liberty shrinks to protect property from the attacks of French innovators. The corrupt higher orders tremble for their vicious enjoyments. ”[3] Daniel O'Connell's studies at the time had concentrated upon the legal and political history of Ireland, and the debates of the Historical Society concerned the records of governments, and from this he was to conclude, according to one of his biographers, "in Ireland the whole policy of the Government was to repress the people and to maintain the ascendancy of a privileged and corrupt minority. "[3]

On 3 January 1797, he wrote to his uncle saying that he was the last of his colleagues to join a volunteer corps and 'being young, active, healthy and single' he could offer no plausible excuse. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1797 ( MDCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common [4] Later that month, for the sake of expediency, he joined the Lawyer's Artillery Corps. [5]

On 19 May 1798, O'Connell was called to the Irish Bar and became a barrister. Events 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships 110 men and Year 1798 ( MDCCXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The King's Inns (Óstaí an Rí formally known as the Honorable Society of King's Inns ( HSKI) is the institution which controls the entry of barristers-at-law A barrister is a Lawyer found in many Common law Jurisdictions that employ a split profession (as opposed to a Fused profession) in relation Four days later the United Irishmen staged their rebellion which was put down by the British with great bloodshed. The Society of United Irishmen was founded as a Liberal political organisation in eighteenth century Ireland that sought Parliamentary reform The Irish Rebellion of 1798 (Éirí Amach 1798 Turn Oot 1798 or 1798 rebellion as it is known locally was an uprising in 1798 lasting several months against the O'Connell did not support the rebellion; he believed that the Irish would have to assert themselves politically rather than by force. He decided to retire to his Kerry home and took part in neither the rebellion nor its repression. For over a decade he went into a fairly quiet period of private law practice in the south of Ireland. He also condemned Robert Emmet's rebellion of 1803. Robert Emmet, Roibéard Eiméid ( 4 March 1778 &ndash 20 September 1803) was an Irish nationalist rebel leader 1803 ( MDCCCIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Of Emmet, a Protestant, he wrote: 'A man who could coolly prepare so much bloodshed, so many murders - and such horrors of every kind has ceased to be an object of compassion. '[6]

Political beliefs and programme

A critic of violent insurrection in Ireland, O'Connell once said that "the altar of liberty totters when it is cemented only with blood," and yet as late as 1841, O’Connell had “whipped his MP’s into line to keep the “Opium War” going in China. The Opium Wars ( also known as the Anglo-Chinese Wars, lasted from 1839 to 1842 and 1856 to 1860 the climax of a trade dispute between China under the Qing The Tories at this time, had proposed a motion of censure over the War, and O’Connell had to call upon his MP’s to support the Whig Government, as a result of this intervention, the Government was saved. [7] The Dublin Corporation had always been reactionary and bigoted against Catholics, and served the established Protestant Ascendancy. Dublin Corporation (Bardas Bhaile Átha Cliath known by generations of Dubliners simply as The Corpo, is the former name given to the city government and its administrative The Protestant Ascendancy is a convenient phrase used when referring to the political economic and social domination of the former Kingdom of Ireland by a minority of great O'Connell in an 1815 speech referred to "The Corpo", as it was commonly referred to, as a "beggarly corporation". Its members and leaders were outraged and because O'Connell would not apologize, one of their number, the noted duellist D'Esterre, challenged him. The duel had filled Dublin Castle (from where the British Government administered Ireland) with tense excitement at the prospect that O’Connell would be killed. They regarded O’Connell as “worse than a public nuisance,” and would have welcomed any prospect of seeing him removed at this time. [8] O'Connell met D'Esterre and mortally wounded him, (he was shot in the hip, the bullet then lodging in his stomach), in a duel. His conscience was bitterly sore by the fact that, not only had he killed a man, but left his family almost destitute. O’Connell offered to “share his income” with D’Esterre’s widow, but she declined, but consented to accept an allowance for her daughter, which he regularly paid for more than thirty years until his death. The memory of the duel haunted him for the remainder of his life. [9]

Politically, he focused on parliamentary and populist methods to force change and made regular declarations of his loyalty to the British Crown. He often warned the British Establishment that if they did not reform the governance of Ireland, Irishmen would start to listen to the "counsels of violent men". Successive British governments continued to ignore this advice, long after his death, although he succeeded in extracting by the sheer force of will and the power of the Catholic peasants and clergy much of what he wanted, i. e. eliminating disabilities on Roman Catholics; ensuring that lawfully elected Roman Catholics could serve their constituencies in the British Parliament (until the Irish Parliament was restored); and amending the Oath of Allegiance so as to remove clauses offensive to Roman Catholics who could then take the Oath in good conscience. The Parliament of Ireland (Irish Parlaimint na hEireann) was a Legislature that existed from mediæval times until 1800.

Although a native speaker of the Irish language, O'Connell encouraged Irish people to learn English in order to better themselves. Irish (ga ''Gaeilge'' is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish.

And although he is best known for the campaign for Catholic Emancipation; he also supported similar efforts for Irish Jews. At his insistence, in 1846, the British law “De Judaismo," which prescribed a special dress for Jews, was repealed. O’Connell said: "Ireland has claims on your ancient race, it is the only country that I know of unsullied by any one act of persecution of the Jews".

Campaigning for Catholic Emancipation

He returned to politics in the 1810s, establishing the Catholic Board in 1811 which campaigned for only Catholic Emancipation, that is, the opportunity for Irish Catholics to become Members of Parliament. Catholic Emancipation (Fuascailt na gCaitliceach or Catholic Relief, was a process in Great Britain and Ireland in the late 18th century and early 19th O'Connell later in 1823 set up the Catholic Association which embraced other aims to better Irish Catholics, such as: electoral reform, reform of the Church of Ireland, tenant's rights and economic development[10] . The Catholic Association was an Irish Roman Catholic political organisation set up by Daniel O'Connell in the early nineteenth century to campaign for Catholic The Church of Ireland (Eaglais na hÉireann is an autonomous province of the Anglican Communion, operating across the island of Ireland. The Association was funded by membership dues of one penny per month, a minimal amount designed to attract Catholic peasants. The subscription was highly successful, and the Association raised a large sum of money in its first year. The money was used to campaign for Catholic Emancipation, specifically funding pro-emancipation Members of Parliament (MPs) standing for the British House of Commons. A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. The House of Commons' is the Lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords

Statue of Daniel O'Connell outside St Patrick's Cathedral, Melbourne
Statue of Daniel O'Connell outside St Patrick's Cathedral, Melbourne

As part of his campaign for Catholic Emancipation, O'Connell stood in a by-election to the British House of Commons in 1828 for County Clare for a seat vacated by William Vesey Fitzgerald, another supporter of the Catholic Association. Patrick's Cathedral is the cathedral church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Melbourne in Victoria Australia, and seat of its archbishop currently A by-election or bye-election (called special election in the United States) is an Election held to fill a political office that has become vacant A former UK Parliament constituency in Ireland returning two Members of Parliament. William Vesey-FitzGerald 2nd Baron FitzGerald and Vesey and 1st Baron FitzGerald, PC ( 24 July 1783 – 11 May 1843) was After O'Connell won the seat, he was unable to take it because Catholics were not allowed to sit in the British Parliament at this time. It was only through a legal loop hole that he was allowed to stand in the first place. It is incorrectly assumed that he didn't take his seat because of his refusal to take an oath to the King as head of the Church of England. The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican The Prime Minister, the Duke of Wellington, and the Home Secretary, Sir Robert Peel, even though they opposed Catholic participation in Parliament , saw that denying O'Connell his seat would cause outrage and could lead to another rebellion or uprising in Ireland which was about 85% Catholic. This article is about the government position For other uses see Prime Minister (disambiguation. Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke of Wellington, KG, KP, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS ( c The Secretary of State for the Home Department, commonly known as the Home Secretary, is the minister in charge of the United Kingdom Home Office Sir Robert Peel 2nd Baronet (5 February 1788 &ndash 2 July 1850 was the Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 10 December 1834 to 8 April Peel and Wellington managed to convince George IV that Catholic emancipation and the right of Catholics and Presbyterians and members of all Christian faiths other than the established Church of Ireland to sit in Parliament needed to be passed; and with the help of the Whigs, it became law in 1829. Presbyterianism is a family of Christian denominations within the Reformed branch of Protestant Western Christianity The Church of Ireland (Eaglais na hÉireann is an autonomous province of the Anglican Communion, operating across the island of Ireland. However, this destroyed the trust other Tory MPs had in Peel and Wellington. (Jews and other non-Christians got the right to sit in Parliament in 1858). PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Michael Doheny, in his The Felon’s Track, says that the very character of Emancipation has assumed an “exaggerated and false guise” and that it is an error to call it emancipation. Michael Doheny ( May 22 1805 - April 1 1863) was an Irish writer and member of the Young Ireland movement He went on, that it was neither the first nor the last nor even the most important in the concessions, which are entitled to the name of emancipation, and that no one remembered the men whose exertions “wrung from the reluctant spirit of a far darker time the right of living, of worship, of enjoying property, and exercising the franchise. ”[11] Doheny's opinion was, that the penalties of the “penal laws” had been long abolished, and that barbarous code had been compressed into cold and stolid exclusiveness and yet Mr. O’Connell monopolised its entire renown. [11] The view put forward by John Mitchel, also one of the leading members of the Young Ireland movement, in his “Jail Journal”[12] was that there were two distinct movements in Ireland during this period, which were rousing the people, one was the Catholic Relief Agitation (led by O'Connell), which was both open and legal, the other was the secret societies known as the Ribbon and White-boy movements. John Mitchel ( Irish: Seán Mistéil; b November 3, 1815 &ndash d Young Ireland ( Irish: Éire Óg) was a political cultural and social movement which was to revolutionise the way that Irish nationalism was perceived [13] The first proposed the admission of professional and genteel Catholics to Parliament and to the honours of the professions, all under British law — the other, originating in an utter horror and defiance of British law, contemplated nothing less than a social, and ultimately, a political revolution. [13] According to Mitchel, for fear of the latter, Great Britain with a “very ill grace yielded to the first”. Mitchel agrees that Sir Robert Peel and the Duke of Wellington said they brought in this measure, to avert civil war; but says that “no British statesman ever officially tells the truth, or assigns to any act its real motive. ”[13] Their real motive was, according to Mitchel, to buy into the British interests, the landed and educated Catholics, these “Respectable Catholics” would then be contented, and "become West Britons" from that day. West Briton (adjective West British; both often shortened to West Brit) is a Pejorative term for an Irish person who is alleged by the user [13]

Daniel O'Connell as depicted on the £20 note of Series C Banknote of Ireland
Daniel O'Connell as depicted on the £20 note of Series C Banknote of Ireland

Ironically, considering O'Connell's dedication to peaceful methods of political agitation, his greatest political achievement ushered in a period of violence in Ireland. The Series C Banknotes of the Republic of Ireland were the final series of notes created for the state before the advent of the Euro; it replaced Series B Banknotes A flaw in his achievement was that one of the most unpopular features of the Penal Laws remained in the form of the obligation for all working people to support the Anglican Church (i. See also Anglicanism The Anglican Communion is an international association of national Anglican churches e. , the Church of Ireland) by payments known as Tithes. A tithe (from Old English teogoþa "tenth" is a one-tenth part of something paid as a (usually voluntary contribution or as a Tax or levy An initially peaceful campaign of non-payment turned violent in 1831 when the newly founded Irish Constabulary were used to seize property in lieu of payment resulting in the Tithe War of 1831-36. The Royal Irish Constabulary ( RIC) ( Irish: Constáblacht Ríoga na hÉireann) was one of Ireland's two police forces in the early twentieth century The Tithe War in Ireland ( 1831-36) refers to a series of periodic skirmishes and violent incidents connected to resistance to the obligation of Catholics Although opposed to the use of force, O'Connell successfully defended participants in the battle of Carrickshock and all the defendants were successfully acquitted.

In 1841, Daniel O'Connell became the first Roman Catholic Lord Mayor of Dublin since the reign of King James II of England and Ireland and VII of Scotland, who was the last Roman Catholic monarch in the British Isles. The Lord Mayor of Dublin (Ardmhéara Bhaile Átha Cliath is the symbolic head of the city government of Dublin, the capital of Ireland. As the Lord Mayor, he called out the British Army against striking workers in the capital. The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. Nonetheless O'Connell rejected Sharman Crawford's call for the complete abolition of tithes in 1838, as he felt he could not embarrass the Whigs (the Lichfield house compact secured an alliance between Whigs, radicals and Irish MPs in 1835). The Lichfield House Compact was an agreement between the Whig government the Catholic Party and the Radicals to act as one body against the Conservative Party.

Campaign for "Repeal of the Union"

The round tower marking O'Connell's grave in Glasnevin Cemetery
The round tower marking O'Connell's grave in Glasnevin Cemetery
O'Connell Monument in Dublin
O'Connell Monument in Dublin

O'Connell campaigned for Repeal of the Act of Union, which in 1801 merged the Parliaments of the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Glasnevin Cemetery ( also known as Prospect Cemetery, is the main Catholic Cemetery in Dublin, the capital of Ireland. The Repeal Association was an Irish mass membership political movement set up by Daniel O'Connell to campaign for a repeal of the Act of Union of 1800 between The phrase Act of Union 1800 (or sometimes Act of Union 1801) (Acht an Aontais 1800 is used to describe two complementary Acts whose official United Kingdom titles are The Kingdom of Great Britain, also known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was a State in northwest Europe, in existence from 1707 to 1800 The Kingdom of Ireland (Ríocht na hÉireann was the name given to the Irish state from 1541 by the Crown of Ireland Act 1542 of the Parliament of Ireland. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was the formal name of the United Kingdom from 1 January 1801 until 12 April 1927 In order to campaign for Repeal, O'Connell set up the Repeal Association. The Repeal Association was an Irish mass membership political movement set up by Daniel O'Connell to campaign for a repeal of the Act of Union of 1800 between He argued for the re-creation of an independent Kingdom of Ireland to govern itself, with Queen Victoria as the Queen of Ireland. Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901 was from 20 June 1837 the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

To push for this, he held a series of Monster Meetings throughout much of Ireland outside the Protestant and Unionist-dominated province of Ulster. Ulster ( Ulaidh ˈkwɪɟɪ ˈʌlˠu / ˈʌlˠi is one of the four provinces of Ireland, in addition to Connacht, Munster and Leinster They were so called because each was attended by around 100,000 people. These rallies concerned the British Government and then-Prime Minister, Sir Robert Peel, banned one such proposed monster meeting at Clontarf, County Dublin, just outside Dublin City. Her Majesty's Government, or when the monarch is male His Majesty's Government, is the title used by the Government of the United Kingdom, based at The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the political leader of the United Kingdom Sir Robert Peel 2nd Baronet (5 February 1788 &ndash 2 July 1850 was the Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 10 December 1834 to 8 April Clontarf ( is a coastal suburb on the northside of Dublin, Ireland, located in Dublin 3. County Dublin (Contae Bhaile Átha Cliath or more correctly today the Dublin Region ( Réigiúin Átha Cliath) is the area that contains the city of Dublin This move was made after the biggest monster meeting was held at Tara. The Hill of Tara ( Irish Teamhair na Rí, "Hill of the Kings" located near the River Boyne, is an archaeological complex that runs

Tara held a lot of significance to the Irish population as it was the old inauguration site of the High Kings of Ireland. The Hill of Tara ( Irish Teamhair na Rí, "Hill of the Kings" located near the River Boyne, is an archaeological complex that runs Medieval Irish historical tradition held that Ireland had been ruled by an Ard Rí or High King since ancient times and compilations like the Lebor Gabála Érenn Clontarf was symbolic because of its association with the Battle of Clontarf in 1014, when the Irish King Brian Boru broke Viking power in Ireland. The Battle of Clontarf (Cath Chluana Tarbh took place on Good Friday in 1014 (23 April between the forces of Brian Boru and the forces led by the King of Brian mac Cennétig, called Brian Bóruma, ( c 941&ndash23 April 1014 (Brian Boru Brian Bóraimhe was an Irish king who ended the centuries-long domination A Viking is one of the Norse ( Scandinavian Explorers Warriors Merchants, and pirates who raided and colonized wide areas Despite appeals from his supporters, O'Connell refused to defy the authorities and he called off the meeting. This did not prevent him being jailed for sedition, although he was released after 3 months by the British House of Lords. This is about the law term For other uses see Sedition (disambiguation Sedition is a term of Law which refers to covert conduct The House of Lords is the second house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and is also commonly referred to as "the Lords" Having deprived himself of his most potent weapon, the monster meeting, O'Connell failed to make any more progress in the campaign for Repeal.

Death and legacy

The Bank of Ireland, College Green — before 1801 the seat of the Irish Houses of Parliament
The Bank of Ireland, College Green — before 1801 the seat of the Irish Houses of Parliament

O'Connell died of softening of the brain (cerebral softening) in 1847 in Genoa, Italy while on a pilgrimage to Rome at the age of 71, his term in prison having seriously weakened him. The Bank of Ireland (Banc na hÉireann, officially known as the Governor and Company of the Bank of Ireland is a commercial Bank operation in Ireland College Green ( Faiche an Choláiste in Irish) previously called Hoggen Green, is a three sided 'square' in the centre of Dublin. Year 1801 ( MDCCCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Tuesday In medicine Cerebral softening (encephalomalacia is a localized softening of the Brain substance due to Hemorrhage or Inflammation. Genoa ( Genova, ˈdʒɛːnova in Italian; Zena in Genoese and Ligurian; Genua in Latin and archaically in English Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 According to his dying wish, his heart was buried in Rome and the remainder of his body in Glasnevin Cemetery in Dublin, beneath a round tower. Glasnevin Cemetery ( also known as Prospect Cemetery, is the main Catholic Cemetery in Dublin, the capital of Ireland. Dublin (ˈdʌblɨn/ /ˈdʊblɨn or /ˈdʊbəlɪn/, bˠalʲə aːha klʲiəh or cliə(ɸ is both the largest city and capital of Ireland. His sons are buried in his crypt.

O'Connell is known in Ireland as "The Liberator" for his success in achieving Catholic Emancipation. Catholic Emancipation (Fuascailt na gCaitliceach or Catholic Relief, was a process in Great Britain and Ireland in the late 18th century and early 19th O'Connell admired Latin American liberator Simón Bolívar, and one of his sons, Morgan O'Connell, was a volunteer officer in Bolívar's army in 1820, aged 15. Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad Bolívar Palacios y Blanco,Venezuelan or commonly known as Simón Bolívar ( July 24, 1783 &ndash [14]

The principal street in the centre of Dublin, previously called Sackville Street, was renamed O'Connell Street in his honour in the early twentieth century after the Irish Free State came into being. O'Connell Street (Sráid Uí Chonaill is Dublin 's main thoroughfare The Irish Free State (Saorstát Éireann (1922&ndash1937 was the state established as a Dominion on 6 December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty, signed by [15] His statue (made by the sculptor John Henry Foley, who also designed the sculptures of the Albert Memorial in London) stands at one end of the street, with a statue of Charles Stewart Parnell at the other end. John Henry Foley ( 24 May 1818 &ndash 27 August 1874) was an Irish sculptor. The Albert Memorial is situated in Kensington Gardens, London, England, directly to the north of the Royal Albert Hall. Charles Stewart Parnell ( 27 June 1846 &ndash 6 October 1891) was an Irish Protestant landowner nationalist

The main street of Limerick is also named after O'Connell, also with a statue at the end (in the centre of The Crescent). O'Connell Street is also the main street in Dublin, Ennis, Sligo and in various other towns around Ireland and also the main street of North Limerick (pronounced /ˈlɪmrɪk/ Luimneach in Irish) is a city and the county seat of County Limerick in the Province of Munster O'Connell Streets also exist in Ennis, Sligo, Clonmel, Waterford, Melbourne and North Adelaide. Ennis ( is the County town of Clare in Ireland. Situated on the River Fergus, it lies north of Limerick and south of Galway Sligo (disambiguation Sligo ( (ˈslaɪɡoʊ "sly-go" Irish ˈɕlʲɪɟəx is the County town of County Sligo in Ireland. Clonmel ( Cluain Meala in Irish) in County Tipperary is the county seat of South Tipperary County Council. Waterford ( or Windy fjord;) is a city in Ireland. It is the primary city of the South East region and the fifth largest in the country Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 North Adelaide is a predominantly residential Precinct of the City of Adelaide in South Australia, situated north of the River Torrens and within

There is a museum commemorating him in Derrynane House, near the village of Derrynane, County Kerry, which was once owned by his family. Derrynane House ( Irish: "Teach Dhoire Fhionáin" was the home of Irish politician and statesman Daniel O'Connell. Derrynane ( Irish Doire Fhionain, Saint Fionan's Wood is a village in County Kerry, Ireland, located on the Iveragh peninsula, near He was a member of the Literary Association of the Friends of Poland as well. Literary Association of the Friends of Poland – British organization of solidarity with Poles, founded February 25 1832 in United Kingdom by

Family

In 1802 O'Connell married his third cousin Mary O'Connell. They had four daughters (three surviving), Ellen (1805), Catherine (1808), Elizabeth (1810), and Rickard (1815) and four sons. The sons — Maurice (1803), Morgan (1804), John O'Connell (1810), and Daniel (1816) — all sat in Parliament. Maurice O'Connell ( c 1801 &ndash 18 June 1853) was one of seven children (the eldest of four sons of the Irish Nationalist leader Daniel and Morgan John O'Connell ( 31 Oct 1804 &ndash 24 May 1858) was one of seven children (the second of four sons of the Irish Nationalist John O'Connell (1801 &ndash 24 May 1858) was one of seven children (the third of four sons of the Irish Nationalist leader Daniel and Mary O'Connell Daniel O'Connell (Jr (died 14 June 1897) was one of seven children (the youngest? of four sons of Daniel and Mary O'Connell of Ireland The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories Daughter Ellen left Ireland to live in the United States.

Connection with the licensed trade

O'Connell assisted his younger son, Daniel junior, to acquire a brewery in James's Street, Dublin. [16] The brewery produced a brand known as O'Connell's Ale and enjoyed considerable popularity. The business was not successful though, and after a few years was taken over by the manager, John Brennan, while Daniel junior embraced a political career. Brennan changed the name to the Phoenix Brewery and continued to brew and sell O'Connell's Ale. When the Phoenix Brewery was effectively closed when absorbed into the Guinness complex in 1909, the brewing of O'Connell's Ale was carried out by John D'Arcy and Son Ltd at the Anchor Brewery in Usher Street. In the mid-1920s, D'Arcy's ceased trading and the firm of Watkins Jameson and Pim carried on the brewing.

Daniel junior was the committee chairman of the licensed trade association of the period and gave considerable and valuable support to Daniel O'Connell in his public life. Some time later a quarrel arose and O'Connell turned his back on the association and became a strong advocate of temperance. During the period of Fr. Matthew's total abstinence crusades many temperance rallies were held, the most notable being a huge rally held on St. Patrick's Day in 1841. Daniel O'Connell was a guest of honour at another such rally held at the Rotunda hospital.

Footnotes

  1. ^ [1] O' Connell at Irish-Society.
  2. ^ A Short History of Ireland
  3. ^ a b c d e Dennis Gywnn, Daniel O’Connell The Irish Liberator, Hutchinson & Co. Ltd pg 71
  4. ^ O'Connell Correspondence, Vol I, Letter No. 24a
  5. ^ O'Ferrall, F. , Daniel O'Connell, Dublin, 1981, p. 12
  6. ^ O'Connell Correspondence, Vol I, Letter No. 97
  7. ^ Charles Gavan Duffy: Conversations With Carlyle (1892), with Introduction, Stray Thoughts On Young Ireland, Brendan Clifford, Athol Books, Belfast, ISBN 0 85034 1140. Sir Charles Gavan Duffy, KCMG ( 12 April 1816 &ndash 9 February 1903) Irish nationalist and Australian pg 17 &21
  8. ^ Dennis Gywnn, Daniel O’Connell The Irish Liberator, Hutchinson & Co. Ltd pg 71 Pg 138-145
  9. ^ Dennis Gywnn, Daniel O’Connell The Irish Liberator, Hutchinson & Co. Ltd pg 71 Pg 138-145
  10. ^ Great Britain and the Irish Question 1798-1922, Paul Adelmann and Robert Pearce, Hodder Murray, London, ISBN 0 340 88901 2. pg 33
  11. ^ a b Michael Doheny’s The Felon’s Track, M. H. Gill & Son, Ltd. , 1951, pp 2-4
  12. ^ John Mitchel’s Jail Journal which was first serialised in his first New York City newspaper, The Citizen, from 14 January 1854 to 19 August 1854. John Mitchel ( Irish: Seán Mistéil; b November 3, 1815 &ndash d Events 1129 - Formal approval of the Order of the Templar at the Council of Troyes. Year 1854 ( MDCCCLIV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year Events 43 BC - Octavian, later known as Augustus compels the Roman Senate to elect him Consul. Year 1854 ( MDCCCLIV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year The book referenced is an exact reproduction of the Jail Journal, as it first appeared.
  13. ^ a b c d John Mitchel, Jail Journal, or five years in British Prisons, M. John Mitchel ( Irish: Seán Mistéil; b November 3, 1815 &ndash d H. Gill & Son, Ltd. , 1914, pp. xxxiv-xxxvi
  14. ^ Brian McGinn (November 1991). Venezuela's Irish Legacy. Irish America Magazine (New York) Vol. VII, No. XI. Retrieved on 2007-04-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1025 - Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland.
  15. ^ Sheehan, Sean & Levy, Patricia (2001). Dublin Handbook: The Travel Guide. Footprint Handbooks, p. 99. ISBN 978-1900949989.  
  16. ^ Irish Whiskey - a 1000 year tradition, Malachy Magee, O'Brien Press, Dublin, ISBN 0 86278 2287. pg 68 to 74

O'Connell quotes

O'Connnell's Last Wish
O'Connnell's Last Wish

Books By Young Irelanders (Irish Confederation)

Additional Reading

References

External links

See also


Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by
William Vesey-FitzGerald
Lucius O'Brien		 Member of Parliament for Clare
with Lucius O'Brien
1828–1830		 Succeeded by
William Nugent Macnamara
Charles Mahon
Preceded by
Richard Power
Lord George Beresford		 Member of Parliament for Waterford County
with Lord George Beresford
1830–1831		 Succeeded by
Sir Richard Musgrave, Bt
Robert Power
Preceded by
Maurice Fitzgerald
William Browne		 Member of Parliament for Kerry
with Frederick William Mullins
1831–1832		 Succeeded by
Frederick William Mullins
Charles O'Connell
Preceded by
Frederick Shaw
Viscount Ingestre		 Member of Parliament for Dublin City
with Edward Southwell Ruthven
1832–1835		 Succeeded by
George Alexander Hamilton
John Beattie West
Preceded by
Richard Sullivan		 Member of Parliament for Kilkenny
1836–1837		 Succeeded by
Joseph Hume
Preceded by
George Alexander Hamilton
John Beattie West		 Member of Parliament for Dublin City
with Robert Hutton
1837–1841		 Succeeded by
John Beattie West
Edward Grogan
Preceded by
Matthew Elias Corbally		 Member of Parliament for Meath
1841–1842		 Succeeded by
Matthew Elias Corbally
Preceded by
Garrett Standish Barry
Edmund Burke Roche		 Member of Parliament for Cork County
with Edmund Burke Roche
1841–1847		 Succeeded by
Edmund Burke Roche
Maurice Power
From 1801 to 1922 the whole island of Ireland formed a constituent part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (UK This is a list of people on the Postage stamps of the Irish Free State between 1922 and 1937 and on the postage stamps of Ireland since 1937, including The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories William Vesey-FitzGerald 2nd Baron FitzGerald and Vesey and 1st Baron FitzGerald, PC ( 24 July 1783 – 11 May 1843) was A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. A former UK Parliament constituency in Ireland returning two Members of Parliament. Lord George Thomas Beresford, GCH, PC ( 12 February 1781 &ndash 26 October 1839) was an Irish -born British A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Waterford was a parliamentary constituency in Ireland, represented in the British House of Commons. Lord George Thomas Beresford, GCH, PC ( 12 February 1781 &ndash 26 October 1839) was an Irish -born British Maurice Fitzgerald 18th Knight of Kerry ( 29 December 1774 &ndash 7 March 1849) was a hereditary knight and an Irish William Browne (1791 &ndash 4 August 1876) was an Irish politician in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. A former UK Parliament constituency in Ireland returning two Members of Parliament. Frederick William Mullins (died 17 March 1854) was an Irish politician in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Frederick William Mullins (died 17 March 1854) was an Irish politician in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Frederick Shaw may refer to Frederick H Shaw Frederick Davis Shaw Frederick Shaw (British Army officer A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Dublin City was an Irish Borough constituency in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Edward Southwell Ruthven (c 1772 &ndash March 31, 1836) was an Irish Repealer politician and member of the United Kingdom Parliament George Alexander Hamilton ( 29 August 1802 &ndash 17 September 1871) was a minor British Conservative Party politician and later a A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Kilkenny City was a former United Kingdom Parliament constituency in Ireland returning one MP Joseph Hume FRS ( January 22, 1777 – February 20, 1855) was a Scottish doctor and politician born in Montrose Angus George Alexander Hamilton ( 29 August 1802 &ndash 17 September 1871) was a minor British Conservative Party politician and later a A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Dublin City was an Irish Borough constituency in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Meath was a former United Kingdom constituencies UK Parliament constituency in Ireland returning two Members of Parliament (MPs A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Cork County was United Kingdom Parliament Constituency in Ireland that elected two Members of Parliament between 1801 and 1885
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