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For other uses, see Dance (disambiguation).
A dancing maenad. This is a Greek statuette from the 3rd century BC. It was made in Taranto
A dancing maenad. This is a Greek statuette from the 3rd century BC. It was made in Taranto
Contemporary dance.
Contemporary dance. Not to be confused with Toronto. Taranto ( Ancient Greek: Tarās; Modern Greek: Tarantas) is a coastal city in Contemporary dance is the name given to a group of 20th century Concert dance forms

Dance (from French danser, perhaps from Frankish) is an art form that generally refers to movement of the body, usually rhythmic and to music,[1] used as a form of expression, social interaction or presented in a spiritual or performance setting. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Old Frankish was the language of the Franks and it is classified as a West Germanic language. Art refers to a diverse range of Human activities creations and expressions that are appealing to the Senses or Emotions of a human individual In Physics, motion means a constant change in the location of a body In Psychology, emotional expression is observable verbal and nonverbal behaviour that communicates Emotion. Definition In the absence of agreement about its meaning the term "social" is used in many different senses referring among other things to attitudes Social interaction is a dynamic changing sequence of Social actions between individuals (or groups who modify their actions and reactions according to the actions by their Spirituality, in a narrow sense concerns itself with matters of the Spirit, a concept closely tied to religious belief and Faith, a transcendent reality A performance, in Performing arts, generally comprises an event in which one group of people (the performer or performers behave in a particular way for another group of people Dance is also used to describe methods of non-verbal communication (see body language) between humans or animals (bee dance, patterns of behaviour such as a mating dance), motion in inanimate objects (the leaves danced in the wind), and certain musical forms or genres. Nonverbal communication (NVC is usually understood as the process of Communication through sending and receiving Wordless messages Body language is a term for Communication using Body movements or Gestures instead of or in addition to sounds verbal language or other communication Honey bees learn and communicate in order to find food sources and for other means In Ethology, a fixed action pattern ( FAP) is an Instinctive Behavioral sequence that is indivisible and runs to completion In Physics, motion means a constant change in the location of a body In Botany, a leaf is an above-ground Plant organ specialized for Photosynthesis. Wind is the flow of Air or other Gases that compose an Atmosphere (including but not limited to the Earth's) Dance as a Musical form is a smaller musical composition intended for the presentation of Dance. Music is an Art form in which the medium is Sound organized in Time. In sports, gymnastics, figure skating and synchronized swimming are dance disciplines while martial arts kata are often compared to dances. Sport is an Activity that is governed by a set of rules or Customs and often engaged in competitively Gymnastics is a Sport involving performance of exercises requiring physical strength agility and coordination Figure skating is an athletic Sport in which individuals pairs or groups perform spins, jumps, footwork and other intricate and challenging Martial arts are systems of codified practices and traditions of training for Combat. For other uses see Kata (disambiguation. is a Japanese word describing detailed choreographed patterns of movements practiced either solo or

Definitions of what constitutes dance are dependent on social, cultural, aesthetic, artistic and moral constraints and range from functional movement (such as folk dance) to virtuoso techniques such as ballet. A society is a Population of Humans characterized by patterns of relationships between individuals that share a distinctive Culture and Institutions Culture (from the Latin cultura stemming from colere, meaning "to cultivate" generally refers to patterns of human activity and the symbolic Aesthetics or esthetics ( also spelled æsthetics) is commonly known as the study of sensory or sensori-emotional values sometimes called Art refers to a diverse range of Human activities creations and expressions that are appealing to the Senses or Emotions of a human individual A moral is a message conveyed or a lesson to be learned from a story or event Folk dance is a term used to describe a large number of dances mostly of European origin that tend to share the following attributes originally danced in about the A virtuoso (from Italian virtuoso, late Latin virtuosus, Latin virtus meaning skill manliness excellence is an individual Ballet is a formalized form of Dance with its origins in the French court further developed in France and Russia as a Concert dance Dance can be participatory, social or performed for an audience. Participation dance, also known as group-participation dance or audience participation dance, is a major category or classification of Dance forms or dance Social dance is a major category or classification of Danceforms or dance styles where sociability and socializing are the primary focuses of the dancing Concert dance (also known as performance dance and theatre dance (particularly in the United Kingdom) is a category of Dances which is performed Brooklyn Book Festival crowd by David Shankbonejpg|thumb|An audience at the Brooklyn Book Festival in New York City. It can also be ceremonial, competitive or erotic. Ceremonial dance is a major category or classification of Dance forms or dance styles where the purpose is ceremonial or Ritualistic This compares Erotic dance is a major category or classification of Dance forms or dance styles where the purpose is the stimulation or arousal of Erotic or sexual Dance movements may be without significance in themselves, such as in ballet or European folk dance, or have a gestural vocabulary/symbolic system as in many Asian dances. Ballet is a formalized form of Dance with its origins in the French court further developed in France and Russia as a Concert dance Folk dance is a term used to describe a large number of dances mostly of European origin that tend to share the following attributes originally danced in about the A gesture is a form of Non-verbal communication made with a part of the body used instead of or in combination with verbal communication. The vocabulary of a person is defined either as the set of all Words that are understood by that person or the set of all words likely to be used by that person when constructing The musical instrument is spelled Cymbal. A symbol is something --- such as an object, Picture, written word a sound a piece Dance can embody or express ideas, emotions or tell a story. An emotion is a mental and physiological state associated with a wide variety of feelings thoughts and behaviours A narrative or story is a construct created in a suitable format (written spoken poetry prose images song Theater, or Dance) that describes a sequence of

Dancing has evolved many styles. Breakdancing and Krumping are related to the hip hop culture. Breakdance, breaking, b-boying or b-girling is a Street dance style that evolved as part of the hip hop movement among Krumping is an urban Street dance -form that began in South Central Los Angeles by Tight Eyez and Big Mijo Hip hop is a Subculture, which is said to have begun with the work of DJ Kool Herc, Grandmaster Flash & the Furious Five, and Afrika Bambaattaa African dance is interpretive. Ballet, Ballroom, Waltz, and Tango are classical styles of dance while Square and the Electric Slide are forms of step dances. Step dance is the generic term for dance styles where the footwork is the most important part of the dance

Choreography is the art of creating dances, and the person who does this is called a choreographer. See also, Choreography (literally "dance-writing" from the Greek words "χορεία" (circular dance see chorea) and "γραφή"

Contents

Origins and history of dance

Main article: History of dance
Pietro Longhi, "La lezione di danza" (The Dancing Lesson), ca 1741, Venezia, Gallerie dell'Accademia.
Pietro Longhi, "La lezione di danza" (The Dancing Lesson), ca 1741, Venezia, Gallerie dell'Accademia. the history of dance could be as long as the History of Humankind and before Pietro Longhi ( November 5, 1701 – May 8, 1785) was a Venetian painter of contemporary scenes of life

Dance does not leave behind clearly identifiable physical artifacts such as stone tools, hunting implements or cave paintings. A stone tool is in the most general sense any Tool made of stone. Cave paintings are Paintings on Cave walls and ceilings and the term is used especially for those dating to Prehistoric times It is not possible to say when dance became part of human culture. Dance has certainly been an important part of ceremony, rituals, celebrations and entertainment since before the birth of the earliest human civilizations. A ceremony is an activity infused with Ritual significance performed on a special occasion A ritual is a set of actions often thought to have Symbolic value the performance of which is usually prescribed by a Religion or by the Traditions A party is a Social gathering for Celebration and Recreation. See also Entertainment (disambiguation and The Entertainer (disambiguation Entertainment is an activity designed to give people A Civilization is a society in which large numbers of people share a variety of common elements Archeology delivers traces of dance from prehistoric times such as the 9,000 year old Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka paintings in India and Egyptian tomb paintings depicting dancing figures from circa 3300 BC. Archaeology, archeology, or archæology (from Greek grc ἀρχαιολογία archaiologia – grc ἀρχαῖος archaīos Stone Age Paleolithic See also Paleolithic, Recent African Origin, Early Homo sapiens, Early human migrations "Paleolithic" The Bhimbetka rock shelters compose an archaeological site and World Heritage Site located in Raisen District in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Ancient Egypt was an Ancient Civilization in eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now

One of the earliest structured uses of dances may have been in the performance and in the telling of myths. It was also sometimes used to show feelings for one of the opposite gender. It is also linked to the origin of "love making. " Before the production of written languages, dance was one of the methods of passing these stories down from generation to generation. [2]

Another early use of dance may have been as a precursor to ecstatic trance states in healing rituals. An altered state of consciousness, (ASC also named altered state of mind is any condition which is significantly different from a normal waking Beta wave state Dance is still used for this purpose by many cultures from the Brazilian rainforest to the Kalahari Desert. Rainforests are Forests characterized by high Rainfall with definitions setting minimum normal annual rainfall between 1750–2000 mm (68-78 inches [3]

Sri Lankan dances goes back to the mythological times of aboriginal yingyang twins and "yakkas" (devils). The origin of the dances of Sri Lanka lies with the Indigenous people of Sri Lanka, the Wanniyala-Aetto and " Yakkas " (meant who did The term Indigenous Peoples or autochthonous peoples can be used to describe any Ethnic group who inhabit a geographic region with which they have the earliest historical The Yakkas (demon-worshippers were an Indigenous peoples of Sri Lanka, They were chiefly responsible for the Irrigation system in the dry zone for the development According to a Sinhalese legend, Kandyan dances originate, 2500 years ago, from a magic ritual that broke the spell on a bewitched king. See also Dances of Sri Lanka Kandyan Dance is a dance form that originated in the area called Kandy of the Central hills region in Sri Lanka. Many contemporary dance forms can be traced back to historical, traditional, ceremonial, and ethnic dances. Historical dance (or early dance) in a collective term covering a wide variety of dance types from the past as they are danced in the present Folk dance is a term used to describe a large number of dances mostly of European origin that tend to share the following attributes originally danced in about the Ceremonial dance is a major category or classification of Dance forms or dance styles where the purpose is ceremonial or Ritualistic This compares This is a list of ethnic folk traditional regional or otherwise traditionally assiciated with a particular ethnicity dances, grouped by Ethnicity, Country

Dance classification and genres

Partner dance.
Partner dance. Partner dances are the Dances whose basic choreography involves coordinated dancing of two partners as opposed to individuals dancing alone or individually
Main articles: List of basic dance topics, :Category:Dance styles, and List of dances

Dance categories by number of interacting dancers are mainly Solo dance, Partner dance and Group dance. This is the main list of Dances. It is a non-categorized index list of specific dances A solo dance is danced by an individual dancing alone as opposed to couples dancing together but independently of others dancing at the same time if any and as Partner dances are the Dances whose basic choreography involves coordinated dancing of two partners as opposed to individuals dancing alone or individually Group dances are danced by groups of people simultaneously as opposed to individuals dancing alone or individually and as opposed to couples dancing together Dance is performed for various purposes like Ceremonial dance, Erotic dance, Performance dance, Social dance etc. Ceremonial dance is a major category or classification of Dance forms or dance styles where the purpose is ceremonial or Ritualistic This compares Erotic dance is a major category or classification of Dance forms or dance styles where the purpose is the stimulation or arousal of Erotic or sexual Concert dance (also known as performance dance and theatre dance (particularly in the United Kingdom) is a category of Dances which is performed Social dance is a major category or classification of Danceforms or dance styles where sociability and socializing are the primary focuses of the dancing

Dancing and music

See also: :Category:Music genres

Many early forms of music and dance were created and performed together. This paired development has continued through the ages with dance/music forms such as: Jig, Waltz, Tango, Disco, Salsa, Electronica and Hip-Hop. The jig (port is a Folk dance type as well as the accompanying dance tune type popular in Ireland. The waltz is a ballroom and folk Dance in time, performed primarily in Closed position. Tango is a style of music that originated among European immigrant populations of Argentina and Uruguay. Disco is a Genre of dance-oriented music whose origins are hard to define Salsa refers to a fusion of informal dance styles having roots in the Caribbean (especially in Cuba and Puerto Rico) Latin and North America Electronica includes a wide range of contemporary Electronic music designed for a wide range Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Some musical genres also have a parallel dance form such as Baroque music and Baroque dance whereas others developed separately: Classical music and Classical ballet. A music genre is a categorical and typological construct that identifies musical sounds as belonging to a particular category and type of music that can be distinguished from other Baroque music describes an era and a set of styles of European classical music which were in widespread use between approximately 1600 and 1750. Baroque dance is Dance of the Baroque era in Europe (roughly 1600–1750 closely linked with Baroque music, theatre and opera The dates of the Classical period in Western music are generally accepted as 1750 to 1810 See also Ballet Classical Ballet is the most formal of the Ballet styles it adheres to traditional Ballet technique.

Although dance is often accompanied by music, it can also be presented independently or provide its own accompaniment (tap dance). Music is an Art form in which the medium is Sound organized in Time. Tap dance was developed in the United States during the nineteenth century and is popular nowadays in many parts of the world Dance presented with music may or may not be performed in time to the music depending on the style of dance. Dance performed without music is said to be danced to its own rhythm.

Ballroom dancing is a sport as well as an art form. It incorporates many fitness components using an artistic state of mind.

Dance studies and techniques

See also: Dance theory, Choreography, and Dance moves

In the early 1920s, dance studies (dance practice, critical theory, Musical analysis and history) began to be considered an academic discipline. Dance Theory is a fairly new field closely related to Music theory and specifically Musicality used to describe the nature and mechanics of dance See also, Choreography (literally "dance-writing" from the Greek words "χορεία" (circular dance see chorea) and "γραφή" Dance moves or Dance steps, are the building blocks of many Dances More complex dance moves are called dance patterns, dance figures or Practice or practise (verb form in British English is the act of rehearsing a behavior over and over or engaging in an activity again and again for the purpose of improving In the Humanities and Social sciences, critical theory is the examination and critique of Society and Literature, drawing from knowledge across Musical analysis can be defined as an attempt to answer the Question how does this Music work?. History is the study of the past particularly the written record Those who study history as a Profession are called Historians Etymology An academic discipline or field of study is a branch of Knowledge which is taught or Researched at the college or university level Today these studies are an integral part of many universities' arts and humanities programs. A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects The arts is a broad subdivision of Culture, composed of many expressive disciplines. The humanities are academic disciplines which study the Human condition, using methods that are primarily Analytic, Critical, or Speculative By the late 20th century the recognition of practical knowledge as equal to academic knowledge lead to the emergence of practice research and practice as research. Knowledge is defined ( Oxford English Dictionary) variously as (i expertise and skills acquired by a person through experience or education the theoretical or practical understanding Practice research is a form of academic Research which incorporates an element of practice in the Methodology or research output A large range of dance courses are available including:

A full range of Academic degrees are available from BA (Hons) to PhD and other postdoctoral fellowships, with many dance scholars taking up their studies as mature students after a professional dance career. Laban Movement Analysis (LMA is a system and language for understanding observing describing and notating all forms of movement A degree is any of a wide range of status levels conferred by institutions of Higher education, such as universities, normally as the result of successfully completing "PhD" redirects here for other uses see PhD (disambiguation. A postdoctoral fellow (colloquially " post-doc " is a temporary research position held by a person who has completed his or her doctoral studies Scholarly method &mdash or as it is more commonly called scholarship &mdash is the body of principles and practices used by scholars to make their claims about the world as This article is about people called professionals For the Movie, see The Professional or Leon.

Dance competitions

An amateur dancesport competition at MIT.
An amateur dancesport competition at MIT.

A dance competition is an organized event in which contestants perform dances before a judge or judges for awards and, in some cases, monetary prizes. There are several major types of dance competitions, distinguished primarily by the style or styles of dances performed. Major types of dance competitions include:

Dance occupations

There are different careers connected with dancing: Dancer, dance teacher, dance sport coach, dance therapist and choreographer. Dance therapy, or dance movement therapy is the psychotherapeutic use of movement (and Dance) for emotional Cognitive, Social, behavioural See also, Choreography (literally "dance-writing" from the Greek words "χορεία" (circular dance see chorea) and "γραφή"

Dancer

Dance training differs depending on the dance form. There are university programs and schools associated with professional dance companies for specialised training in classical dance (e. g. Ballet) and modern dance. There are also smaller, privately owned dance studios where students may train in a variety of dance forms including competitive dance forms (e. A dance studio is a space in which Dancers learn or rehearse The term is typically used to describe a space that has either been built or equipped for the purpose g. Latin dance, ballroom dance, etc. ) as well as ethnic/traditional dance forms.

Professional dancers are usually employed on contract or for particular performances/productions. The professional life of a dancer is generally one of constantly changing work situations, strong competition pressure and low pay. Professional dancers often need to supplement their income, either in dance related roles (e. g. , dance teaching, dance sport coaches, yoga or Pilates instruction) to achieve financial stability. Pilates, pronounced /pɪˈlɑtiz/ is a Physical fitness system developed in the early 20th century by Joseph Pilates in Germany

In the U. S. many professional dancers are members of unions such as the American Guild of Musical Artists, the Screen Actors Guild and Actors' Equity Association. The ' American Guild of Musical Artists, AFL-CIO (AGMA is the American labor union that represents 8000 opera singers ballet and other dancers opera Directors backstage The Screen Actors Guild ( SAG) is an American labor union representing over 120000 Film and television principal performers and background Template talkInfobox Union for usage --> The Actors' Equity Association (AEA commonly referred to as Actors' Equity The unions help determine working conditions and minimum salaries for their members.

See also: Health risks of professional dance
Dance teachers

Dance teacher and operators of dance schools rely on reputation and marketing. The health risks of professional dance (and particularly with the more strenuous forms of Ballet and Contemporary dance) are those generally found in sports injuries A dance studio is a space in which Dancers learn or rehearse The term is typically used to describe a space that has either been built or equipped for the purpose For dance forms without an association structure such as Salsa or Tango Argentino they may not have formal training. Most dance teachers are self employed.

Dancesport coaches

Dancesport coaches are tournament dancers or former dancesports people, and may be recognised by a dance sport federation.

Choreographer

Choreographers are generally university trained and are typically employed for particular projects or, more rarely may work on contract as the resident choreographer for a specific dance company. A choreographic work is protected intellectual property. Dancers may undertake their own choreography.

Dance by ethnicity or region

Main article: List of ethnic, regional, and folk dances sorted by origin

Dance in South Asia

Chennai dancers celebrating Adiperukku
Chennai dancers celebrating Adiperukku

India

Main article: Dance in India

During the first millennium BCE in India, many texts were composed which attempted to codify aspects of daily life. This is a list of ethnic folk traditional regional or otherwise traditionally assiciated with a particular ethnicity dances, grouped by Ethnicity, Country Adiperukku is a unique Tamil festival celebrated on the 18th day of the Tamil month of Adi (mid July Dance in India covers a wide range of dances from the ancient classical to modern styles In the matter of dance, Bharata Muni's Natyashastra (literally "the text of dramaturgy") is the one of the earlier texts. Bharata was an ancient Indian Musicologist who authored the Natya Shastra, a Theoretical Treatise on ancient The Nātya Shastra ( Sanskrit: Nātyaśāstra नाट्य शास्त्र is an ancient Indian treatise on the Performing arts Though the main theme of Natyashastra deals with drama, dance is also widely featured, and indeed the two concepts have ever since been linked in Indian culture. The Nātya Shastra ( Sanskrit: Nātyaśāstra नाट्य शास्त्र is an ancient Indian treatise on the Performing arts The text elaborates various hand-gestures or mudras and classifies movements of the various limbs of the body, gait, and so on. A mudrā ( Sanskrit: मुद्रा lit "seal" is a symbolic or ritual gesture in Hinduism and Buddhism. The Natyashastra categorised dance into four groups and into four regional varieties, naming the groups: secular, ritual, abstract, and, interpretive. The Nātya Shastra ( Sanskrit: Nātyaśāstra नाट्य शास्त्र is an ancient Indian treatise on the Performing arts However, concepts of regional geography has altered and so have regional varieties of Indian dances. Dances like "Odra Magadhi", which after decades long debate, has been traced to present day Mithila-Orissa region's dance form of Odissi, indicate influence of dances in cultural interactions between different regions. Orissa (ଓଡ଼ିଶା is a state located on the east coast of India, by the Bay of Bengal. Odissi is the classical dance form of Orissa in north-east India [4]

From these beginnings rose the various classical styles which are recognised today. Therefore, all Indian classical dances are to varying degrees rooted in the Natyashastra and therefore share common features: for example, the mudras, some body positions, and the inclusion of dramatic or expressive acting or abhinaya. Indian classical dance is a relatively new umbrella term for various codified art forms rooted in Natya, the sacred Hindu Musical theatre styles whose theory The Nātya Shastra ( Sanskrit: Nātyaśāstra नाट्य शास्त्र is an ancient Indian treatise on the Performing arts Abhinaya is a concept in Indian dance and drama derived from Bharata's Natya Shastra. The Indian classical music tradition provides the accompaniment for the dance, and as percussion is such an integral part of the tradition, the dancers of nearly all the styles wear bells around their ankles to counterpoint and complement the percussion.

Bhangra in the Punjab

Main article: Bhangra

The Punjab area overlapping India and Pakistan is the place of origin of Bhangra. Bhangra (ਭੰਗੜਾ pa-PK بھنگڑا pə̀ŋgɽäː is a lively form of music and dance that originated in the Punjab region of Pakistan and India Punjab ( ਪੰਜਾਬ پنجاب, पंजाब پنجاب also Panjab (پنجاب meaning "Land of the Five Rivers") (c Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and Bhangra (ਭੰਗੜਾ pa-PK بھنگڑا pə̀ŋgɽäː is a lively form of music and dance that originated in the Punjab region of Pakistan and India It is widely known both as a style of music and a dance. It is mostly related to ancient harvest celebrations, love, patriotism or social issues. Its music is coordinated by a musical instrument called the 'Dhol'. Bhangra is not just music but a dance, a celebration of the harvest where people beat the dhol (drum), sing Boliyaan (lyrics) and dance.

Dances of Sri Lanka

Main article: Dances of Sri Lanka

The devil dances of Sri Lanka or "yakun natima" are a carefully crafted ritual with a history reaching far back into Sri Lanka's pre-Buddhist past. The origin of the dances of Sri Lanka lies with the Indigenous people of Sri Lanka, the Wanniyala-Aetto and " Yakkas " (meant who did The origin of the dances of Sri Lanka lies with the Indigenous people of Sri Lanka, the Wanniyala-Aetto and " Yakkas " (meant who did It combines ancient "Ayurvedic" concepts of disease causation with psychological manipulation. Ayurveda ( Devanāgarī: आयुर्वॆद the 'science of life' is a system of Traditional medicine native to India, and practiced in other The dance combines many aspects including Sinhalese cosmolgy, the dances also has an impact on the classical dances of Sri Lanka. The origin of the dances of Sri Lanka lies with the Indigenous people of Sri Lanka, the Wanniyala-Aetto and " Yakkas " (meant who did [5]

In Europe and North America

Morris dancing in the grounds of Wells Cathedral, Wells, England
Morris dancing in the grounds of Wells Cathedral, Wells, England

Concert (or performance) dance

Main article: Concert dance

Ballet
Main article: Ballet

Ballet developed first in Italy and then in France from lavish court spectacles that combined music, drama, poetry, song, costumes and dance. A morris dance is a form of English Folk dance usually accompanied by music Wells Cathedral is a Church of England Cathedral in Wells, Somerset, England. Wells is a small Cathedral city and Civil parish in the Mendip district of Somerset, England, on the southern edge of the Mendip England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Concert dance (also known as performance dance and theatre dance (particularly in the United Kingdom) is a category of Dances which is performed Ballet is a formalized form of Dance with its origins in the French court further developed in France and Russia as a Concert dance Ballet is a formalized form of Dance with its origins in the French court further developed in France and Russia as a Concert dance Members of the court nobility took part as performers. During the reign of Louis XIV, himself a dancer, dance became more codified. Early years Birth and ancestry Louis XIV was born in the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye on September 5 1638 and bore the Heir apparent Professional dancers began to take the place of court amateurs, and ballet masters were licensed by the French government. The first ballet dance academy was the Académie Royale de Danse (Royal Dance Academy), opened in Paris in 1661. Shortly thereafter, the first institutionalized ballet troupe, associated with the Academy, was formed; this troupe began as an all-male ensemble but by 1681 opened to include women as well. [2]

20th century concert dance
Main article: 20th century concert dance

At the beginning of the 20th century, there was an explosion of innovation in dance style characterized by an exploration of freer technique. 20th century Concert dance is the name given to a category of Dance forms that include Free dance Modern dance Early pioneers of what became known as modern dance include Loie Fuller, Isadora Duncan, Mary Wigman and Ruth St. Denis. See also Dance, Concert dance Modern dance is a dance form developed in the early 20th century Loie Fuller (also Loïe Fuller, born Marie Louise Fuller) ( January 15, 1862 &ndash January 1, 1928) was a pioneer of both Isadora Duncan (May 26 1877 &ndash September 14 1927 was an American dancer Mary Wigman (1886 &ndash 1973 (born Karoline Sophie Marie Wiegmann) was a German Dancer choreographer, and instructor of dance Ruth St Denis ( January 20, 1879 – July 21, 1968) was an early Modern dance pioneer The relationship of music to dance serves as the basis for Eurhythmics, devised by Emile Jaques-Dalcroze, which was influential to the development of Modern dance and modern ballet through artists such as Marie Rambert. Eurhythmics (also Rhythmic Gymnastics, Rhythmics) is an approach to music education that was devised by Emile Jaques-Dalcroze. Émile Jaques-Dalcroze ( July 6, 1865 – July 1, 1950) was a Swiss Musician and Music educator who developed Dame Marie Rambert ( 20 February 1888 &ndash 12 June 1982) was a Polish-Jewish dancer and dance pedagogue who exerted a great influence Eurythmy, developed by Rudolf Steiner and Marie Steiner-von Sivers, combines formal elements reminiscent of traditional dance with the new freer style, and introduced a complex new vocabulary to dance. Eurythmy is an expressive movement art originated by Rudolf Steiner in conjunction with Marie von Sivers in the early 20th century Rudolf Steiner ( 25 February 1861 – 30 March 1925) was an Austrian philosopher literary scholar educator artist playwright Marie Steiner-von Sivers (born Marie von Sivers - or Sievers - 14 March 1867 &ndash 27 December 1948) was the second wife of Rudolf In the 1920s, important founders of the new style such as Martha Graham and Doris Humphrey began their work. See also Martha Graham ( May 11, 1894 &ndash April 1, 1991) was an American Dancer and Choreographer Doris Batcheller Humphrey (October 17 1895 &ndash December 29 1958 was a Dancer of the early twentieth century Since this time, a wide variety of dance styles have been developed; see Modern dance. See also Dance, Concert dance Modern dance is a dance form developed in the early 20th century

The influence of African American dance

Main article: African American dance

African American dances are those dances which have developed within African American communities in everyday spaces, rather than in dance studios, schools or companies and its derivatives, tap dance, disco, jazz dance, swing dance, hip hop dance and breakdance. African American dances in the vernacular tradition (academically known as "African American vernacular dance" are those dances which have developed within African African American dances in the vernacular tradition (academically known as "African American vernacular dance" are those dances which have developed within African Tap dance was developed in the United States during the nineteenth century and is popular nowadays in many parts of the world Disco is a Genre of dance-oriented music whose origins are hard to define Jazz dance is an umbrella term that can refer to several related dance styles The term " swing dance " commonly refers to a group of dances that developed concurrently with the swing style of Jazz music in the 1920s '30s and '40s although Hip hop dance refers to Dance styles mainly Street dance styles primarily danced to Hip hop music, or that have evolved as a part of the Hip hop Breakdance, breaking, b-boying or b-girling is a Street dance style that evolved as part of the hip hop movement among Other dances, such as the lindy hop with its relationship to rock and roll music and rock and roll dance have also had a global influence. Lindy Hop is an African American dance that evolved in New York City in 1927 Rock and roll (also known as rock 'n' roll) is a form of Music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s with roots in mostly African Acrobatic Rock'n'Roll refers to a very sporty competitive form of Dance that originated from Lindy hop.

See also

Lists

Related topics

Further reading

References

  1. ^ britannica
  2. ^ a b Nathalie Comte. "Europe, 1450 to 1789: Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World". Ed. Jonathan Dewald. Vol. 2. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2004. p94-108.
  3. ^ Guenther, Mathias Georg. 'The San Trance Dance: Ritual and Revitalization Among the Farm Bushmen of the Ghanzi District, Republic of Botswana. ' Journal, South West Africa Scientific Society, v30, 1975-76.
  4. ^ Dance: The Living Spirit of Indian Arts, by Prof. P. C. Jain and Dr. Daljeet.
  5. ^ "The yakun natima - devil dance ritual of Sri Lanka" at WWW Virtual Library - Sri Lanka

External links

Project Gutenberg, abbreviated as PG, is a volunteer effort to Digitize, archive and distribute Cultural works

Dictionary

dance

-noun

  1. A sequence of rhythmic steps or movements performed to music, for pleasure or as a form of social interaction.
  2. A social gathering where dancing is designed to take place.
  3. (heraldry) A fess that has been modified to zig-zag across the center of a coat of arms from dexter to sinister.
  4. A genre of modern music characterised by sampled beats, repetitive rhythms and few lyrics.
  5. (uncountable) The art, profession, and study of dancing.

-verb

  1. (intransitive) To move with rhythmic steps or movements, especially in time to music.
  2. (intransitive) To leap or move rapidly with strong emotion.
  3. (transitive) To perform the steps to.
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