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Pre-modern Japan

This article is part of the series:
Politics and government of
Pre-modern Japan

Asuka Period • Nara Period • Heian Period • Kamakura period • Kemmu restoration • Muromachi period • Nanboku-chō period • Sengoku period • Azuchi-Momoyama period

Edo Period, 1603–1868

Daijō-kan
The Great Council of State

  • Chancellor or Chief Minister (Daijō daijin)
  • Minister of the Left (Sadaijin)
  • Minister of the Right (Udaijin)
  • Minister of the Center (Naidaijin)
  • Major Counselor (Dainagon)
  • Middle Counselor (Chūnagon)
  • Minor Counselor (Shōnagon)

The Eight Ministries

Meiji Period,1868–1912 1868–1871
1871–1875

  • Chancellor or Chief Minister (Daijō daijin)

1875–1881
1881–1885

1885–1889
Taishō period, 1912–1926 Shōwa period, 1926–1989 1947

Heisei period, 1989–present

The Daijō daijin (太政大臣?) or Chancellor of the Realm was the head of the Daijō-kan, or Department of State in Heian Japan and briefly under the Meiji Constitution. The, was a period in the History of Japan lasting from 538 to 710 (or 592-645 although its beginning could be said to overlap with the preceding Kofun period. The of the History of Japan covers the years from AD 710 to 794. The is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. The is a period of Japanese history that marks the governance by the Kamakura Shogunate, officially established in 1192 by the first Kamakura Shogun The was a period of Japanese history that occurred from 1333 to 1336. The Muromachi period ( Japanese: 室町時代 Muromachi-jidai, also known as the Muromachi era, the Muromachi bakufu, the Ashikaga era The, spanning from 1336 to 1392, was a period that occurred during the early years of the Muromachi period of Japan 's history The came at the end of the Warring States Period in Japan, when the political unification that preceded the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate took place The, also referred to as the Tokugawa period (徳川時代 Tokugawa-jidai) is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1868 The was the Department of State in Nara and Heian period Japan and briefly under the Meiji Constitution. Sadaijin (左大臣 most commonly translated as "Minister of the Left" was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and Heian Udaijin (右大臣 most commonly translated as the "Minister of the Right" was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and The, usually translated as Inner Minister -- also known as the -- was a significant post in the Imperial court as re-organized under the ''Taihō'' Code. often translated as "Great Councillor" was a government post of the Japanese Ritsuryo governmental system which was in place for much of the classical and Chūnagon (中納言 often translated as Councillor was a position in the Daijō-kan, or early feudal Japanese government The was one of the divisions of the Japanese government ( Imperial Court in Kyoto) instituted in the Asuka period and formalized during the Heian period The was one of the divisions of the Japanese government ( Imperial Court in Kyoto) instituted in the Asuka period and formalized during the Heian period The was a division of the Japanese government ( Imperial Court in Kyoto) instituted in the Asuka period and formalized in the Heian period. The was a division of the Japanese government ( Imperial Court in Kyoto) instituted in the Asuka period and formalized in the Heian period. The was a division of the Japanese government ( Imperial Court in Kyoto) instituted in the Asuka period and formalized during the Heian period, which The was a division of the Japanese government ( Imperial Court in Kyoto) instituted in the Asuka period and formalized during the Heian period, which The is one of Cabinet -level ministries of the Japanese government. The is one of Cabinet -level ministries of the Japanese government. The is a government agency of Japan in charge of the state matters concerning Japan's imperial family and also keeping the Privy Seal and the State Seal The is a government agency of Japan in charge of the state matters concerning Japan's imperial family and also keeping the Privy Seal and the State Seal The, or Meiji era, denotes the 45-year reign of the Meiji Emperor, running in the Gregorian calendar, from 23 October 1868 to 30 July The was an administrative post not of cabinet rank in the government of the Empire of Japan. The was an administrative post not of cabinet rank in the government of the Empire of Japan. The, or Taishō era, is a period in the History of Japan dating from July 30, 1912 to December 25, 1926, coinciding with the reign The, or Shōwa era, is the period of Japanese history corresponding to the reign of Emperor Shōwa ( Hirohito) from December 25, 1926 to The is a government agency of Japan in charge of the state matters concerning Japan's imperial family and also keeping the Privy Seal and the State Seal is the current era name in Japan. The Heisei era started on January 8, 1989, just one day after the death of the reigning Emperor Hirohito The was the Department of State in Nara and Heian period Japan and briefly under the Meiji Constitution. The is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The, more commonly known as the Imperial or Meiji Constitution, was the fundamental law of the Empire of Japan from 29 November 1890 until 2 May 1947 The position, along with the rest of the Daijō-kan structure, was initially created by the Code of Taihō in 702. The was an administrative reorganization enacted in 701 in Japan, at the end of the Asuka period. Events By Place Byzantine Empire The Byzantine Emperor Justinian II Rhinotmetus, regains his throne

The Chancellor presided over the Great Council of State, and controlled the officers of the state, in particular the minister of the left (左大臣, Sadaijin) and minister of the right (右大臣, Udaijin) , as well as four great councillors and three minor councillors. Sadaijin (左大臣 most commonly translated as "Minister of the Left" was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and Heian Udaijin (右大臣 most commonly translated as the "Minister of the Right" was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and The ministers in turn controlled other elements of the government.

As the Fujiwara clan, which dominated the regency, gained influence, the official government offices diminished in power. The Fujiwara clan (藤原氏 Fujiwara-shi) descending from the Nakatomi clan, was a powerful family of Regents in Japan that monopolized the regent positions In Japan, Sesshō (摂政 was a title given to a Regent who was named to assist either a child emperor before his Coming of age, or an By the 10th century, chancellors had no power to speak of unless they were simultaneously regent, or otherwise supported by the Fujiwara. Although the position continued in name until 1885, by the beginning of the 12th century, the office was essentially powerless, and was often vacant, as the regents, who sometimes acted as minister of the left or right, held all the administrative power over the government.

This prominent office was briefly resurrected under the Meiji Constitution with the appointment of Sanjo Sanetomi in 1871, before being abolished completely in 1885. The, more commonly known as the Imperial or Meiji Constitution, was the fundamental law of the Empire of Japan from 29 November 1890 until 2 May 1947 was an Imperial court noble and statesman at the time of the Meiji Restoration. Year 1871 ( MDCCCLXXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1885 ( MDCCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common

Contents

A revealing framework

Any exercise of meaningful powers of court officials in the pre-Meiji period reached its nadir during the years of the Tokugawa shogunate, and yet the structure Council of State (Daijō-kan) did manage to persist. The, or Meiji era, denotes the 45-year reign of the Meiji Emperor, running in the Gregorian calendar, from 23 October 1868 to 30 July The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the, and the, was a feudal regime of Japan established by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the Shoguns of The was the Department of State in Nara and Heian period Japan and briefly under the Meiji Constitution. It is not possible to evaluate any individual office without assessing its role in the context of a durable yet flexible network and hierarchy of functionaries. [1]

The highest positions in the court hierarchy can be cataloged. [2] A dry list provides a superficial glimpse inside the complexity of the court structure:[3]

The Eight Ministries

A mere list of the court titles cannot reveal nearly enough about the actual functioning of the Daijō-kan; but at least the broad hierarchical relationships become more readily identified:

References

  1. ^ Ozaki, Yukio. (2001). The Autobiography of Ozaki Yukio: The Struggle for Constitutional Government in Japan pp. 10-11.
  2. ^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, pp. 425-426.
  3. ^ NOTE: In this terse listing, the numbers are an arbitrary addition, intended only to assist in grasping the relative relationships. If these ordinals are perceived as unhelpful, they can be disregarded.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Titsingh, p. 425.
  5. ^ a b c Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki, p. 272.
  6. ^ Unterstein (in German): Ranks in Ancient and Meiji Japan (in English and French), pp. 6, 27.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Titsingh, p. 426.
  8. ^ a b Titsingh, p. 427.
  9. ^ Titsingh, p. 429.
  10. ^ a b Titsingh, p. 430.
  11. ^ Titsingh, p. 431.
  12. ^ Titisngh, p. 432.
  13. ^ Titsingh, p. 433.


See also

The was the Department of State in Nara and Heian period Japan and briefly under the Meiji Constitution. is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre- Meiji eras The following is list of Daijō Daijin. Nara Period 703-705 Prince Osakabe (刑部親王 (?-705 - Chi-Daijō-kanji (知大政官事 In Japan, Sesshō (摂政 was a title given to a Regent who was named to assist either a child emperor before his Coming of age, or an is the section of the Japanese Imperial Palace called the "Dairi" (内裏 where Imperial Family and court ladies lived The kuge (公家 was a Japanese Aristocratic class that dominated the Japanese imperial court in Kyoto until the rise of the The is a government agency of Japan in charge of the state matters concerning Japan's imperial family and also keeping the Privy Seal and the State Seal
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