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DKW Auto Union logotype
DKW Auto Union logotype

Dampf Kraft Wagen (German: steam-driven car) or DKW is a historic car and motorcycle marque. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. MotorCycle is the title of a 1993 album by Rock band Daniel Amos, released on BAI Records. A marque ( French for "brand" ˈmɑrk is a Brand name especially in the Automobile industry In 1916, the Danish engineer Jørgen Skafte Rasmussen founded a factory in Saxony, Germany, to produce steam fittings. Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe An engineer is a person professionally engaged in a field of Engineering. Jørgen Skafte Rasmussen (1878 &ndash 1964 was an engineer and industrialist of Danish origin The Free State of Saxony (Freistaat Sachsen ˈzaksən Swobodny Stat Sakska is the easternmost federal state of Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. In the same year, he attempted to produce a steam-driven car, called the DKW. Although unsuccessful, he made a two-stroke toy engine in 1919, called Des Knaben Wunsch — "a boy's desire". The two-stroke Internal combustion engine differs from the more common Four-stroke engine by completing the same four processes (intake compression combustion exhaust He also put a slightly modified version of this engine into a motorcycle and called it Das Kleine Wunder — "a little marvel". This was the real beginning of the DKW brand: by the 1930s, DKW was the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer.

In 1932, DKW merged with Audi, Horch and Wanderer, to form the Auto Union. AUDI AG, ( Xetra: NSU commonly known as Audi (aˈʊdi is a German Automobile manufacturer which produces Audi branded cars with headquarters Horch was the popular name for high-performance luxury motor cars manufactured in Germany by the company August Horch & Cie, at the beginning of the 20th century Wanderer was a German manufacturer of Bicycles, Motorcycles, Automobiles, vans and other Machinery Established Auto Union was an amalgamation of four German Automobile manufacturers established in 1932 in Zwickau, Saxony, during the Great Depression Auto Union came under Daimler-Benz ownership in 1957, and was finally purchased by the Volkswagen Group in 1964. Daimler-Benz AG was a German manufacturer of automobiles motor vehicles and engines which was founded in 1926 Volkswagen Group, or Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft (German (listed as Volkswagen AG) is a German automobile manufacturing group currently The last DKW car was the F102 which ceased production in 1966; after this the brand was phased out. DKW F102 is a car produced by German manufacturer DKW. It succeeded the Auto Union 1000 and 1000S models in 1963

Contents

Automobiles made before WWII

DKW cars were made from 1928 until 1966. They always used two-stroke engines and, from 1931, the company was a pioneer in front-wheel drive and transverse mounting. The two-stroke Internal combustion engine differs from the more common Four-stroke engine by completing the same four processes (intake compression combustion exhaust Front-wheel drive (or FF layout) is a form of engine / transmission layout used in Motor vehicles where the engine drives the front Wheels The most well-known cars made before World War II, bearing model names F1 through F8 (F for Front), had front-wheel drive and a transversely mounted two-cylinder engine. A transverse engine is an Engine in which the Crankshaft is oriented side-to-side relative to the length of the vehicle Displacement was 600 or 700 cc, power was 18 to 20 hp. These models also featured an innovation with a generator that doubled up as a self-starter, which was mounted directly on the crankshaft. The crankshaft, sometimes casually abbreviated to crank, is the part of an Engine which translates reciprocating Linear This was known as a Dynastart.

They also produced a less well-known series of rear-wheel drive cars called Schwebeklasse and Sonderklasse with V4 two-stroke engines. A V4 engine is a V form engine with four cylinders Lancia produced several narrow-angle V4 engines from The two-stroke Internal combustion engine differs from the more common Four-stroke engine by completing the same four processes (intake compression combustion exhaust Displacement of this engine was 1000cc, later 1100cc. These engines had two extra cylinders for forced induction, so they really appeared like V6es but without sparkplugs on the front cylinder pair. Forced induction is a term used to describe Internal combustion engines that are not naturally aspirated. A V6 engine is a V engine with six cylinders mounted on the Crankcase in two banks of three cylinders This article is about the Mini-Con partner of Optimus Prime in Transformers Armada

In 1939, they made a prototype with the first three-cylinder engine. A straight-3 or inline-3 is an Internal combustion engine with three cylinders arranged in a straight line side by side The engine had a displacement of 900 cc and produced 30 hp. With a streamlined body, the car could run at 115 km/h (72 mph). This prototype was to be put into production only after World War II, first as an IFA F9 (later to become Wartburg) in Zschopau, East Germany, and shortly afterwards in DKW-form from Düsseldorf as the 3=6 or F91. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Industrieverband Fahrzeugbau ( Industrial Association for Vehicle Construction) usually abbreviated as IFA, was a conglomerate and a union of companies for vehicle Wartburg was a car manufactured in East Germany. It had a three- cylinder two-stroke engine with only seven moving parts Zschopau (ˈtʃoːpaʊ a town in the German state Saxony, is located on both banks of the Zschopau River, 9 miles south-east from Chemnitz The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state

DKW engines were used by Saab as a model for the two-stroke engines in their new Saab 92 automobile manufacturing venture, in 1947. Saab Automobile AB, better known as Saab, is a Swedish car manufacturer and currently a wholly-owned Subsidiary of General Motors. The first Saab two-stroke engine was based on a DKW design The SAAB engine a two cylinder with 764 cm3 Engine displacement Saab 92 is an Automobile from Saab. The design was very aerodynamic for its time and the cW value ( Drag coefficient) was 0

Automobiles made after WWII

Osmo Kalpala servicing his DKW during the 1956 Rally Finland.
Osmo Kalpala servicing his DKW during the 1956 Rally Finland. The Neste Oil Rally Finland (formerly known as 1000 Lakes Rally) is a rally event driven in the Jyväskylä area in Central Finland.

As the Auto Union company originally was situated in Saxony in what became the German Democratic Republic, it took some time for it to regroup after the war ended. The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state The company was registered again in West Germany as Auto Union GmbH in 1949, first as a spare-part provider, but soon to take up production of the RT 125 motorcycle and a newly developed delivery van, called a Schnellaster F800. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Their first line of production took place in Düsseldorf. Düsseldorf (ˈdʏsəldɔɐf is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. This van used the same engine as the last F8 made before the war.

Their first passenger car was the F89 using the body from the prototype F9 made before the war and the 2 cylinder two-stroke engine from the last F8. The two-stroke Internal combustion engine differs from the more common Four-stroke engine by completing the same four processes (intake compression combustion exhaust Production went on until it had been replaced by the successful 3 cylinder engine which came with the F91. The F91 was in production from 1953 to 1955, and was replaced by the somewhat larger F93 in 1956. The F91 and F93 models all had 900 cc 3-cylinder two-stroke engines, the first ones delivering 34 hp, and the last ones 38 hp. A cubic centimetre or cubic centimeter (symbol cm3 —the abbreviation cc, though widely used is deprecated is a commonly used unit of Volume The ignition system of these engines comprised three independent sets of points and coils, one for each cylinder, with the points mounted in a cluster around a single lobed cam at the front end of the crank shaft. A circuit breaker is an automatically-operated electrical Switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or An ignition coil (also called a spark Coil) is an Induction coil in an Automobile 's Ignition system which transforms A cam is a projecting part of a rotating Wheel or shaft that strikes a Lever at one or more points on its circular path The cooling system was of the free convection type assisted by a fan driven from a pulley mounted at the front end of the crank shaft. Convection in the most general terms refers to the movement of molecules within Fluids (i

The F93 was produced until 1959, and was in turn replaced by the AU1000. These models where produced with a 1000 cc two-stroke engine, with a choice between 44 or 50 hp S versions until 1963. During this transition, production was also moved from Düsseldorf to Ingolstadt where Audi still have their production. Ingolstadt (ˈɪŋgɔlˌʃtat Austro-Bavarian: Inglstådt) is a city in the Free State of Bavaria, Germany AUDI AG, ( Xetra: NSU commonly known as Audi (aˈʊdi is a German Automobile manufacturer which produces Audi branded cars with headquarters From 1957, these cars could be fitted with an optional saxomat, an automatic clutch and, at the time it was the only small car offering this feature. Saxomat was a type of automatic Clutch available as an option on Fiat 1800, Saab 93, Volkswagen Beetle, Borgward, Goliath DKW The last versions of the AU1000S also had disk brakes as option, an early development for this technology. The disc brake or disk brake is a device for slowing or stopping the rotation of a Wheel. A sporting 2+2 seater version was also available as the AU1000 Sp from 1957 to 1964, the first years only as a coupé and from 1962 also as a convertible. A convertible is a type of automobile in which the vehicle's roof can retract and fold away converting it from an enclosed to an open-air vehicle

In 1956, the very rare DKW Monza was put into small scale production on a private initiative. The DKW Monza was a sports car built on a Auto Union DKW base This was a sporting, two-seater body made of glassfiber mounted on a standard F93 frame. Fiberglass (also called fibreglass and glass fibre see Spelling differences) is material made from extremely fine Fibers of Glass. The car was first called Solitude, but got its final name from the several long distance speed records it made on the Monza racing track in Italy in November 1956. Autodromo Nazionale Monza is a Motorsport Race track near the town of Monza, Italy, north of Milan. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Running in FIA class G, it set several new records, among them 48 hours with average speed 140. 961 km/h, 10,000 km with average speed 139. 453 km/h and 72 hours with average speed 139. 459 km/h. The car was first produced by Dannenhauer & Stauss in Stuttgart, then by Massholder in Heidelberg and at last by Robert Schenk in Stuttgart. Stuttgart (ˈʃtʊtgaɐ̯t is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. Heidelberg is a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. As of 2006 over 140000 people live within the city's area The total number of produced cars is said to be around 230 and production was rounded up by the end of 1958.

DKW Junior (1962)
DKW Junior (1962)

A more successful range of passenger cars was sold from 1959. This was the Junior/F12 series based on a modern concept from the late 1950s. The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive This range consist of Junior (basic model) made from 1959 to 1961, Junior de Luxe (a little enhanced) from 1961 to 1963, F11 (a little larger) and F12 (larger and bigger engine) from 1963 to 1965 and F12 Roadster from 1964 to 1965. The Junior/F12 series became quite popular, and many cars were produced. An Assembly plant was licenced in Ireland between 1952 to c. 1964 and roughly 4,000 DKW vehicles were assembled ranging from saloons, vans, motorbikes to Commercial Combine Harvesters. This was the only DKW factory outside of Germany in Europe.

All the 3-cylinder two-stroke post-war cars had some sporting potential and formed the basis for many rally victories in the 1950s and beginning of 1960s. Rallying is a form of motor competition that takes place on public or private roads with modified production or specially built road-legal cars This made DKW the most winning car brand in the European rally league for several years during the fifties.

In 1960 DKW developed a V6 engine by combining two three cylinder two-stroke engines giving a single V6 engine with a capacity of 1000 cc. A V6 engine is a V engine with six cylinders mounted on the Crankcase in two banks of three cylinders Over time the capacity was increased and the final V6 in 1966 had a capacity of 1300 cc. The 1300 cc version developed 83 HP at 5000 rpm using the standard configuation with two carburettors. A four carburettor version produced 100 HP and a six carburettor version produced 130hp. The engine was very light and weighed only 84 kg. The V6 was planned to be used in the Munga and the F102. About 100 V6 engines were built for testing purposes and 13 DKW F102 as well as some Mungas were fitted with the V6 engine in the 1960s. [1]

The last DKW was the F102 coming into production in 1964 as a replacement for the somewhat old-looking AU1000. DKW F102 is a car produced by German manufacturer DKW. It succeeded the Auto Union 1000 and 1000S models in 1963 This model was the direct forerunner of the first post-war Audi, the F103. AUDI AG, ( Xetra: NSU commonly known as Audi (aˈʊdi is a German Automobile manufacturer which produces Audi branded cars with headquarters F103 is the internal designation for a series of Car models produced by Auto Union in West Germany from 1965 to 1972 derived from the earlier The main difference was that the Audi used a conventional four-stroke engine. Today Internal combustion engines in cars, Trucks motorcycles aircraft construction machinery and many others most commonly use a four-stroke cycle. The transition to four-stroke engines marked the end of the DKW marque for passenger cars.

Between 1957 and 1967 Vemag built some models of DKW cars in Brazil. The Vemag factory was added to Volkswagen Group in 1967.

Vans and utility vehicles

The DKW Munga was built by Auto Union in Ingolstadt. The DKW Munga was a DKW -branded Off-road vehicle built by Auto Union in Ingolstadt, Germany Production began in October 1956 and ended in December 1968. During this time 46,750 cars were built.

From 1949 to 1962, DKW produced a van with a trailing-arm rear suspension system which incorporated springs in the cross bar assembly. From 1949 to 1962 DKW produced a Van with a trailing-arm Rear suspension system which incorporated springs in the cross bar assembly For Front-wheel drive cars, rear suspension has few constraints and a variety of Beam axles and Independent suspensions are used A spring is a flexible elastic object used to store mechanical Energy. Spanish subsidiary IMOSA also produced a modern successor, introduced in 1963 and called the DKW F 1000 L. This van started with the three cylinder 1000 cc engine, but later received a Mercedes-Benz Diesel engine and finally was renamed a Mercedes-Benz in 1975. Mercedes-Benz is a German manufacturer of luxury Automobiles Buses coaches and Trucks It is currently a division of the A diesel engine is an Internal combustion engine which operates using the Diesel cycle (named after Dr

Motorcycles

Before World War II, the company had some success with forced induction racing motorcycles, and during the late 1920s and 1930s, DKW was the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Forced induction is a term used to describe Internal combustion engines that are not naturally aspirated. MotorCycle is the title of a 1993 album by Rock band Daniel Amos, released on BAI Records. After the war, the company made the RT 125, 175, 250 and 350 models. RT 125 can refer to a model of two-stroke Motorcycle made by DKW in Zschopau in the 1930s, IFA and MZ in

The motorcycle branch of the company produced very famous models such as the RT 125 pre- and post World War II. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including As reparations after the war, the design drawings of the RT125 were given to Harley-Davidson in the US and BSA in the UK. Harley-Davidson Motor Company ( formerly HDI is an American manufacturer of Motorcycles based in Milwaukee Wisconsin. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Birmingham Small Arms Company ( BSA) was a British manufacturer of Vehicles Firearms and Military equipment and still exists as The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The HD version was known as the Hummer, while BSA used them for the Bantam. The BSA Bantam is a Two-stroke Unit construction Motorcycle that was produced by BSA from 1948 to 1971. IFA and later MZ models continued in production until the 1990s, when economics finally brought production of the two stroke to an end. Other manufacturers also copied the DKW design, officially or otherwise. This can be seen in the similarity of many small two stroke motorcycles from the 1950s, including a product of Yamaha, Voskhod and Polish WSK. ( a Japanese motorized vehicle-producing company (whose HQ is at 2500 Shingai Iwata Shizuoka) is part of the Yamaha Corporation. PZL ( Państwowe Zakłady Lotnicze - State Aviation Works was the main Polish Aerospace manufacturer of the Interwar period, based in Warsaw

Automobile models

DKW motorcycles and scooters

See also

References

  1. ^ DKW Specifications

Bibliography

Uhlmann, Claus (2005). The DKW 3=6 was a compact Front wheel drive saloon manufactured by Auto Union AG. The DKW Monza was a sports car built on a Auto Union DKW base The DKW F5 is a sub compact Front wheel drive Saloon launched by Auto Union’s DKW division in 1935 as a replacement for the DKWs The DKW F7 is a sub compact Front wheel drive Saloon launched by Auto Union’s DKW division in 1937 as a replacement for the The DKW F8 was a compact Front wheel drive Two stroke engined saloon introduced by Auto Union AG in 1939 as a replacement The DKW F9 was the prototype of a car Auto Union intended to launch as a successor to the DKW F8. The DKW Meisterklasse also known as the DKW F89 was a compact Front wheel drive saloon manufactured by Auto Union AG between 1950 The DKW 3=6 was a compact Front wheel drive saloon manufactured by Auto Union AG. DKW F102 is a car produced by German manufacturer DKW. It succeeded the Auto Union 1000 and 1000S models in 1963 The DKW Munga was a DKW -branded Off-road vehicle built by Auto Union in Ingolstadt, Germany The DKW Junior was a small Front wheel drive saloon manufactured by Auto Union AG. From 1949 to 1962 DKW produced a Van with a trailing-arm Rear suspension system which incorporated springs in the cross bar assembly RT 125 can refer to a model of two-stroke Motorcycle made by DKW in Zschopau in the 1930s, IFA and MZ in This list of German cars tries to show every German car ever made by manufacturer Auto Union was an amalgamation of four German Automobile manufacturers established in 1932 in Zwickau, Saxony, during the Great Depression RT 125 Das Kleine Wunder Aus Zschopau. Verlagsgesellschaft Bergstraße mbH.  

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