Döner kebab (Turkish döner kebap, literally "turning roast"), is a Turkish dish made of meat cooked on a vertical spit and sliced off to order. Turkish ( tr Türkçe IPA) is a language spoken by over 63 million people worldwide making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Turkish cuisine is largely the heritage of Ottoman cuisine, which can be described as a fusion and refinement of Central Asian, Middle Eastern and In modern English usage meat most often refers to Animal tissue used as food mostly Skeletal muscle and associated Fat, but it may also refer The meat may be lamb, mutton, beef, goat, or chicken. Lamb, hogget, and mutton are the meat of Domestic sheep. The meat of an animal in its first year is lamb; that of an older sheep is hogget Lamb, hogget, and mutton are the meat of Domestic sheep. The meat of an animal in its first year is lamb; that of an older sheep is hogget Beef is the Culinary name for Meat from Bovines especially domestic Cattle (cows The chicken ( Gallus gallus, sometimes G gallus domesticus) is a domesticated Fowl which is traditionally believed to have descended from Alternative names include kebap, donair, döner, doner or donner. Döner Kebab is the origin of other similar Mediterranean and Middle Eastern dishes such as shawarma and gyros. The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. Shawarma (شاورما or שווארמה also spelled Chawarma, Schawarma, Shwarma, Shuarma, Shawerma, Shoarma, This article is about the food dish For other uses see Gyro. Gyros or gyro (giros (ˈjɪəroʊ or /ˈdʒaɪroʊ/ Greek: γύρος A version developed to suit German tastes by Turkish immigrants in Berlin has become one of Germany's most popular fast food dishes,[1] and Turkish emigrants export German döners back into their home country. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Fast food is the term given to food that can be prepared and served very quickly [2]
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History
The original form of today's döner kebab is Cağ kebab. İskender kebab is one of the most famous Meat foods of Northwestern Turkey and takes its name from its inventor İskender Efendi who lived in Bursa Cağ kebab (Cağ kebabı IPA /ˈdʒaː kebabɯ/ is a Kebab variety originating in Turkey 's Erzurum Province, with the districts of Tortum The original form is grilled horizontally and the slices are cut thicker, after inserting a special L-shaped Oltu shish along the surface. In the 19th century, the modern form was invented in Bursa. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar Bursa (historically also known as Prussa, Greek: Προύσα and later as Brusa) is a city in northwestern Turkey and the seat This original dish, known as İskender kebap, is still served in many cities of Turkey. İskender kebab is one of the most famous Meat foods of Northwestern Turkey and takes its name from its inventor İskender Efendi who lived in Bursa
Today, döner kebab is typically served as a kind of sandwich in a small pide (Turkish pita bread). A sandwich is a food item made of two or more slices of Bread with one or more layers of a filling Pita (also called and less commonly known as pitta or pide (Turkish pitka (Bulgarian and pronounced "pitta" in Greek is an often round The döner kebab with salad and sauce served in pita, which is predominant in Germany, was invented in Berlin Kreuzberg in 1971, because the original preparation was not appealing enough to German tastes. Pita (also called and less commonly known as pitta or pide (Turkish pitka (Bulgarian and pronounced "pitta" in Greek is an often round Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Kreuzberg, since 2001 part of the combined Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg borough located south of Mitte, is one of the best-known areas of Berlin The döner has been the most popular fast food dish in Germany since the 1980s. The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989.
Preparation of meat for döner kebabs
The meat used for making döner kebabs may be lamb, beef, veal or chicken, but rarely pork. Lamb, hogget, and mutton are the meat of Domestic sheep. The meat of an animal in its first year is lamb; that of an older sheep is hogget Beef is the Culinary name for Meat from Bovines especially domestic Cattle (cows Veal is the Meat of The chicken ( Gallus gallus, sometimes G gallus domesticus) is a domesticated Fowl which is traditionally believed to have descended from Pork' is the Culinary name for Meat from the domestic Pig ( Sus scrofa) often specifically the fresh meat but can be used as an all-inclusive After the Mad cow disease (BSE) crisis, even fish was used in some countries. Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy ( BSE) commonly known as Mad-Cow Disease ( MCD) is a fatal Neurodegenerative disease in Cattle Fish are aquatic Vertebrate animals that are typically ectothermic (previously Cold-blooded) covered with scales, and equipped with two Generally a döner kebab sandwich is served with a salad made from shredded lettuce, tomatoes and onions, often also with cabbage and cucumbers. Usually there is a choice between a hot sauce, a yoghurt sauce containing garlic (tzatziki) and a yoghurt sauce containing herbs. Yoghurt, yogurt, yoghourt, youghurt or yogourt (see spelling below is a Allium sativum L, commonly known as garlic, is a species in the Onion family Alliaceae. Tzatziki, tzadziki, or tsatsiki (τζατζίκι is a Greek Meze or appetizer also used as a sauce for Souvlaki and Gyros A(n herb (ˈhɝb or /ˈɝb/ see pronunciation differences) is a plant that is valued for qualities such as medicinal properties flavor scent or the like Most of the kebab vendors in Europe also have French fries which can be served as a side or wrapped with the meat and salad. French fries ( North American English; sometimes not capitalized chips ( British English) fries or French-fried potatoes (formal Some times more varied ingredients are available, such as hummous (chick pea paste), tahini (sesame sauce) or sheep milk cheese (Turkish: beyaz peynir, or "white cheese"). For the biological matter in soil see Humus; for the band see Humus (band. Tahini, or sesame paste, is a paste of ground Sesame seeds used in cooking
There are two basic ways of preparing meat for döner kebabs:
- The most common and authentic method is to stack seasoned slices of lean meat onto a vertical skewer in the shape of a cylinder. A cylinder is one of the most basic curvilinear geometric shapes the Surface formed by the points at a fixed distance from a given Straight line, the axis The stack is cooked by radiant heat from electric elements or gas fired infrared burners. Often meat, tomatoes, and onions are placed at the top of the stack to drip juices over the meat keeping it moist. The tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum, syn Lycopersicon lycopersicum) is a herbaceous usually sprawling plant in the Solanaceae or nightshade family Organicsalsajpg||thumb|right|Onions used in salsa.]]Cooked onions in frying pan
- Some cheaper shops serve a combination of seasoned sliced and ground meat cooked on a grilltop as döner kebab. In Germany the amount of ground meat is not allowed to surpass 60% (Berliner Verkehrsauffassung).
See also
- Doner Kebab in the world
- Dürüm
- Kebab for other kinds of kebab
- Gyros, a Greek style version. A dürüm ( Turkish for "roll" is a Turkish wrap having Döner kebab as filling Kebab (also transliterated as kabab, kabob, kibob, kebhav, kephav) refers to a variety of meat dishes in Middle Eastern This article is about the food dish For other uses see Gyro. Gyros or gyro (giros (ˈjɪəroʊ or /ˈdʒaɪroʊ/ Greek: γύρος The Greek cuisine ( Greek: Ελληνική Κουζίνα is Greece's traditional Cuisine, a typical Mediterranean cuisine Contemporary
- Iskender kebap, döner served with tomato sauce and yoghurt. İskender kebab is one of the most famous Meat foods of Northwestern Turkey and takes its name from its inventor İskender Efendi who lived in Bursa
- Shawarma, the Arabic term for a similar dish. Shawarma (شاورما or שווארמה also spelled Chawarma, Schawarma, Shwarma, Shuarma, Shawerma, Shoarma,
- Tacos al pastor, a similar dish from Mexico, made from spiced pork and served in a tortilla. Al pastor ( Spanish; "Shepherd style" also known as Tacos al pastor or Tacos de trompo, is a dish developed in Puebla, Mexican food is a style of food that originated in Mexico. Mexican cuisine is known for its intense and varied flavors colorful decoration and variety of spices
- Cağ kebab, Horizontal Doner Kebab from Erzurum
Cultural effects
In Germany the packaging of the Döner itself is typically a wax paper sleeve with an image of a male cook sharpening a knife in front of a large spit.
References
- ^ http://www.welt.de/print-wams/article618487/Kulturgeschichte_der_Doenerbuden.html
- ^ http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/0,1518,453300,00.html
External links
- The Chilli Source - reviews of UK kebab shops together with descriptions of the common types.
- Kebab Journal blog community - reviews of (mostly British) kebab shops.
- Tayfur 2: Turkish Delight - Döner tribute from the demoscene (Windows PC)
- recipe for a Halifax-style donair
- Video : Preparation of Döner Kebab
- (National Association of Kebab Shops - UK)
- A list of every place in Berlin, where you can get a Döner (long)
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