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Cynthia McKinney
Cynthia McKinney
In office
January 5, 1993 – January 3, 1997
Preceded by None - district created
Succeeded by John Linder
In office
January 7, 1997 – January 3, 2003
Preceded by John Linder
Succeeded by Denise Majette
In office
January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007
Preceded by Denise Majette
Succeeded by Hank Johnson
Born March 17, 1955 (1955-03-17) (age 53)
Atlanta, Georgia
Political party Democratic (January 1993 - September 2007)
Green Party (October 2007)
Spouse Coy Grandison (divorced)
Religion Roman Catholic

Cynthia Ann McKinney (born March 17, 1955) is an American politician from the U.S. state of Georgia. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule Georgia's 11th congressional district is a political unit of the United States of America. Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar John Elmer Linder (born September 9 1942) American politician has been a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule The Fourth Congressional District of the US State of Georgia includes parts of Dekalb, Rockdale, and Gwinnett Counties in the metro Atlanta Events 1325 - Alfonso IV becomes King of Portugal. 1558 - France takes Calais, the last continental Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. John Elmer Linder (born September 9 1942) American politician has been a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives Denise L Majette (born May 18, 1955) is a Democratic US politician from the state of Georgia. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule The Fourth Congressional District of the US State of Georgia includes parts of Dekalb, Rockdale, and Gwinnett Counties in the metro Atlanta Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Denise L Majette (born May 18, 1955) is a Democratic US politician from the state of Georgia. Henry "Hank" Johnson Jr (born 1954 is a member of the U Events 45 BC - In his last victory Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. One of the Political parties in the United States, and similar in mission to many of the worldwide Green Parties, the Greens have been active as a third party Events 45 BC - In his last victory Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) Politics of the United States takes place in the framework of a presidential, Federal republic where the President of the United States (the Head of A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule McKinney served as a Democrat in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1993 to 2003, and from 2005 to 2007, representing Georgia's fourth congressional district. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. The Fourth Congressional District of the US State of Georgia includes parts of Dekalb, Rockdale, and Gwinnett Counties in the metro Atlanta McKinney was defeated in the 2002 Democratic primary, in part due to Republican crossover voting in Georgia's open primary election, which permits anyone from any party to vote in any party primary. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. In the United States of America, an open primary is a Primary election in which voters do not need to be a member of a particular Political party in [1] Later returning to the House following her successor's run for Senate, she was defeated again in the 2006 Democratic primary. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. [2] She left the Democratic Party in September 2007[3] and on October 22, 2007, filed paperwork with the FEC creating an exploratory committee for a Green Party presidential campaign. The Federal Election Commission (or FEC) is an independent regulatory agency that was founded in 1975 by the United States Congress to regulate the One of the Political parties in the United States, and similar in mission to many of the worldwide Green Parties, the Greens have been active as a third party [4]

Contents

Early life and political career

Cynthia McKinney was born in Atlanta, Georgia, the daughter of Billy McKinney, one of Atlanta's first Black law enforcement officers, and a former Georgia State Representative, and of Leola McKinney, a retired nurse. Billy McKinney is a former American politician from the US state of Georgia.

A photograph of the young Cynthia McKinney in Atlanta, featured in the film American Blackout.
A photograph of the young Cynthia McKinney in Atlanta, featured in the film American Blackout. American Blackout ( 2006) is a Documentary film directed by Ian Inaba.

In an interview, McKinney once described how as a young girl she was exposed to the Civil Rights Movement through her father, an activist who regularly participated in demonstrations across the south. As a police officer, McKinney's father would challenge the racially discriminatory policies of the Atlanta Police Department that were in effect at the time by publicly protesting in front of the station, often carrying young McKinney on his shoulders. After years of protesting social injustice in this way, McKinney's father decided it would be a more effective strategy to actually make public policy than to protest it. He sought to enter politics, and McKinney attributes her father's election victory after several failed attempts to the passage of the voting rights act passed by Lyndon B. Johnson, which was enacted to safeguard the rights of black voters. This, according to McKinney's account, was an early experience that opened her eyes to the power of government and its potential to guarantee social justice through legislation. [5]

McKinney earned a B. A. in international relations from the University of Southern California, a Masters of Art in Law and Diplomacy from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. The University of Southern California (commonly referred to as USC, SC, Southern California, and incorrectly The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, also called simply The Fletcher School, is the oldest school in the United States dedicated solely to graduate studies

Her political career began in 1986 when her father, a representative in the Georgia House of Representatives, submitted her name as a write-in candidate for the Georgia state house. The Georgia House of Representatives is the Lower house of the Georgia General Assembly (the state Legislature) of Georgia A write-in candidate is a candidate in an Election whose name does not appear on the Ballot, but for whom voters may Vote nonetheless by writing in the She got about 40 percent of the popular vote, despite the fact that she lived in Jamaica at the time with then-husband Coy Grandison (with whom she had a son, Coy McKinney, born in 1987). Jamaica (ˈdʒəˈmeɪkə} is an Island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length and as much as in width situated in the Caribbean Sea. In 1988, McKinney ran for the same seat and won, making the McKinneys the first father and daughter to simultaneously serve in the Georgia state house.

McKinney immediately challenged House rules requiring women to wear dresses by wearing slacks. In 1991, she spoke against the Persian Gulf War, causing many legislators to walk out in protest of her remarks.

In 2007, McKinney moved from her long time residence in the Atlanta suburb of Stone Mountain to California. Stone Mountain is a city in DeKalb County, Georgia, United States. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. [6] She is a Ph. D. student at University of California, Berkeley. The University of California Berkeley (also referred to as Cal, Berkeley and UC Berkeley) is a major research university located in Berkeley

First terms in Congress

In the 1992 election, McKinney was elected to the U. The US House election 1992 was an election for the United States House of Representatives in 1992 which coincided with the election of Bill Clinton as S. House of Representatives as the member of Congress from the newly created 11th District, a 64 percent black district stretching from Atlanta to Savannah. Savannah is a city located in the state of Georgia, United States. She was the first African American woman to represent Georgia in the House. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa [7] She coasted to re-election in 1994. The US House election 1994 was an election for the United States House of Representatives on November 8 1994, in the middle of President

In 1995 the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Miller v. Johnson that the 11th District was an unconstitutional gerrymander because the boundaries were drawn based on the racial composition of the constituents. The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. Miller v Johnson, 515 US 900 ( 1995) was a United States Supreme Court case concerning "affirmative Gerrymandering /racial Constitutionality is the status of a law, a procedure or an act's accordance with the laws or guidelines set forth in the applicable Constitution. Gerrymandering is a form of redistribution in which electoral district or Constituency boundaries are manipulated for electoral advantage [7] McKinney's district was subsequently renumbered as the 4th and redrawn to take in almost all of DeKalb County, prompting outrage from McKinney. DeKalb County is located in the US state of Georgia. In 2000 the population of the County was 686712 She asserted that it was a racially-discriminatory ruling, given the fact that the Supreme Court had previously ruled that Texas's 6th District, which is 91 percent white, was constitutional. Texas District 6 of the United States House of Representatives is a Congressional district that serves an area including four counties to the south [7]

The new 4th, however, was no less Democratic than the 11th, and McKinney was easily elected from this district in 1996. The US House election 1996 was an election for the United States House of Representatives on November 5, 1996 which coincided with the re-election She was re-elected two more times with no substantive opposition.

On October 17, 2001, McKinney introduced a bill calling for "the suspension of the use, sale, development, production, testing, and export of depleted uranium munitions pending the outcome of certain studies of the health effects of such munitions. Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Depleted uranium (DU is Uranium primarily composed of the Isotope Uranium-238 (U-238 . . . " The bill was cosponsored by Reps. Aníbal Acevedo Vilá, Puerto Rico; Tammy Baldwin, D-Wis.; Dennis Kucinich, D-Ohio; Barbara Lee, D-Ca.; and Jim McDermott, D-Wash. The Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico (Spanish El Comisionado Residente de Puerto Rico) is a non-voting member of the United States House of Representatives elected Tammy Suzanne Green Baldwin (born February 11, 1962) is an American Politician, and has been a Democratic member of the United The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district is a Congressional district of the United States House of Representatives in southern Wisconsin, covering Dennis John Kucinich (kuˈsɪnɪtʃ (born October 8[[ 946]] is a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives and was a candidate for The 10th congressional district of Ohio is currently represented by Representative Dennis J Barbara Jean Lee (born July 16 1946) is an American politician and has been a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives California's 9th congressional district covers a significant portion of the East Bay portion of the San Francisco Bay Area. For the illustrator see Jim McDermott (illustrator. James Adelbert "Jim" McDermott (born December 28 1936 The Seventh Congressional District of Washington encompasses most of Seattle and Vashon Island and portions of Shoreline, Tukwila [8]

2002 primary defeat

In 2002, McKinney was defeated in the Democratic primary by DeKalb County judge Denise Majette. A primary election ( nominating primary) also referred to simply as a primary, is an election in which voters in a Jurisdiction select candidates A judge, or justice, is an Official who presides over a Court of law Denise L Majette (born May 18, 1955) is a Democratic US politician from the state of Georgia. [9] It was stunning by itself that Majette, who had never run in a partisan contest before, was able to unseat the seemingly entrenched McKinney. However, Majette defeated McKinney with 58% of the vote to McKinney's 42%.

McKinney protested the result in court, claiming that thousands of Republicans, knowing they had no realistic chance of defeating her in the November general election, had voted in the Democratic primary against McKinney in revenge for her anti-Bush administration views and her allegations of voter fraud in Florida in the 2000 Presidential Election. The Presidency of George W Bush began on his inauguration on January 20, 2001 as the 43rd and current President of the United States of America Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the The United States presidential election of 2000 was a contest between Democratic candidate Al Gore, then Vice President, and Republican Like 20 other states, Georgia operates an open primary: voters do not align with a political party when they register to vote and may participate in whichever party's primary election they choose. In the United States of America, an open primary is a Primary election in which voters do not need to be a member of a particular Political party in A political party is a Political organization that seeks to attain and maintain political power within Government, usually by participating in electoral Thus, relying on the Supreme Court's decision in California Democratic Party v. Jones, which had held that California's blanket primary violated the First Amendment (despite the fact that the Court explicitly differentiated — albeit in dicta — the blanket primary from the open primary in Jones), on McKinney's behalf, five voters claimed that the open primary system was unconstitutional, operating in violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, the associational right protected by the First Amendment, and various statutory rights protected by §2 of the Voting Rights Act. California Democratic Party v Jones, 530 US 567 ( 2000) was a case in which the United States Supreme Court held that California's Blanket The blanket primary is a system used for selecting Political party candidates in a Primary election in the USA. The Equal Protection Clause, part of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, provides that "no state shall… deny to any person Background See also [[Disfranchisement after the Civil War]] The 13th Amendment, ratified in 1865 after the Civil War, abolished and prohibited [3]

The district court dismissed the case, noting that the plaintiffs had presented no evidence in support of the 14th Amendment and Voting Rights Act claims, and lacked standing to bring the First Amendment claim. It interpreted the Supreme Court's Jones ruling to hold that the right to association involved in a dispute over a primary — and thus, standing to sue — belongs to a political party, not an individual voter. On appeal in May 2004, the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals upheld this result in Osburn v. Cox,[10] noting that not only were the plaintiffs' claims meritless, but the remedy they requested would likely be unconstitutional under the Supreme Court's decision in Tashjian v. Republican Party of Connecticut. On October 18, 2004, the Supreme Court brought an end to the litigation, denying certiorari without comment. Events 1009 - The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the Fatimid "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Certiorari (ˌsɚʃioʊ('rɛri 'rɑri is a legal term in Roman, English, Philippine and American law referring to a type of Writ [11][12]

Other factors in her defeat were her controversial statements regarding Bush's involvement in 9/11,[13][14] and her opposition to aid to Israel and a perceived support of Palestinian and Arab causes and alleged antisemitism by her supporters. George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Palestine is a name which has been widely used since Roman times to refer to the region between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River. The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding On the night before the primary election, McKinney's father stated on Atlanta television that "Jews have bought everybody . PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ . . J-E-W-S" in the election, referring to Dekalb County's large Jewish community. [13]

Between terms

Cynthia McKinney in 2006
Cynthia McKinney in 2006

McKinney traveled widely as a public speaker between her terms in office. Throughout 2003 and 2004, McKinney toured America and much of Europe speaking of her defeat, her opposition to the Iraq War, and the Bush administration. The Iraq War, also known as the Second Gulf War, the Occupation of Iraq, or the War in Iraq, is an ongoing Military campaign In a January 2004 issue of Jet magazine, McKinney said that the "white, rich Democratic boys club wanted [her] to stay in the back of the bus. "

On September 9, 2004, McKinney was a commissioner in the The Citizens' Commission on 9-11. Events 1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. 1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " The 9/11 Truth Movement is the name adopted by organizations and individuals that question the mainstream account of the September 11 attacks against the United On October 26, 2004, she was among 100 prominent Americans and 40 family members of those who were killed on 9/11 who signed the 9/11 Truth Movement statement, calling for new investigations of what they perceived as unexplained aspects of the 9/11 events. The 9/11 Truth Movement is the name adopted by organizations and individuals that question the mainstream account of the September 11 attacks against the United [15]

There was speculation that she was considering a run as the Green Party's nominee for the 2004 presidential election. One of the Political parties in the United States, and similar in mission to many of the worldwide Green Parties, the Greens have been active as a third party The United States presidential election of 2004 was held on Tuesday November 2, 2004, to elect the President of the United States. However, she had made no secret that she wanted her congressional seat back, and turned down the Green Party nomination.

2004 return to Congress

Majette declined to run for re-election to the House, opting instead to become a candidate to replace retiring Senator Zell Miller, a conservative Democrat. The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives Zell Bryan Miller (born February 24 1932 is an American Politician from the U Conservatism in the United States includes a variety of political ideologies including Fiscal conservatism, Supply-side economics, Social conservatism McKinney instantly became the favorite in the Democratic primary. Since it was taken for granted that victory in the Democratic primary was tantamount to election in November, McKinney's opponents focused on clearing the field for a single candidate who could force her into a runoff election.

However, her opponents' efforts were unsuccessful, and five candidates entered the Democratic primary. As a result of the fragmented primary opposition, McKinney won just enough votes to avoid a runoff. This all but assured her return to Congress after a two-year absence. However, contrary to traditional practice, the Democrats did not restore McKinney's seniority. Had she been able to regain her seniority, she would have been a senior Democrat on the International Relations and Armed Services committees, as well as ranking Democrat on an International Relations subcommittee. The US House Committee on Foreign Affairs, also known as the House Foreign Affairs Committee, is a standing committee of the United States House of Representatives The US House Committee on Armed Services, commonly known as the House Armed Services Committee, is a Standing committee of the United States House of Representatives [16]

McKinney hosted the first delegation of Afro-Latinos from Central and South America and worked with the World Bank and the U. South America is a Continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a The World Bank is an internationally supported Bank that provides financial and technical assistance to developing countries for development programs (e S. State Department to recognize Afro-Latinos. She stood with Aboriginals against Australian mining companies; and with the U'wa people of Colombia in their fight to save their sacred land from oil rigs. Indigenous Australians are descendants of the first known human inhabitants of the Australian continent and its nearby islands. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The U'wa people are an indigenous people living in the Cloud forests of northeastern Colombia.

She was one of the 31 in the House who objected to the official allotment of the electoral votes from Ohio in the United States presidential election, 2004 to incumbent George W. Bush. The Electoral College consists of 538 popularly elected representatives who formally select the President and Vice President of the United States. Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads The United States presidential election of 2004 was held on Tuesday November 2, 2004, to elect the President of the United States. George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. [17]

9/11 Commission

Initially, McKinney kept a low profile upon her return to Congress. However, on July 22, 2005, the first anniversary of the release of the 9/11 Commission Report, McKinney held a well-attended Congressional briefing on Capitol Hill to address outstanding issues regarding the September 11, 2001 attacks. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 9/11 Commission Report, formally named Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, is the official report of the events leading up to [18] The day-long briefing featured family members of victims, scholars, former intelligence officers and others who critiqued the 9/11 Commission account of 9/11 and its recommendations. 9/11 Commission ReportThe National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, also known as the 9/11 Commission, was set up on November 27, 2002 The four morning panels purported to address flaws, omissions, and a lack of historical and political analysis in the commission's report. Three afternoon panels critiqued the commission's recommendations in the areas of foreign and domestic policy and intelligence reform. An Atlanta Journal-Constitution[19] editorial maintained that the purpose of the event was to discuss whether or not the Bush administration was involved in the 9/11 attacks, expressing surprise that McKinney was once again taking on the issue that was widely believed to have cost her her House seat. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution is the only major daily Newspaper in Atlanta Georgia, USA and its suburbs. The Journal-Constitution declined to publish McKinney's reply. [20] The 9/11 Commission has sealed all the notes and transcripts of some 2,000 interviews, all the forensic evidence, and both classified and non-classified documents used in compiling its final report until January 2, 2009. McKinney's interest in 9/11 relates specifically to what she expresses as her opposition to excessive government secrecy, which she has challenged with numerous pieces of legislation.

MLK Records Act

McKinney has submitted to Congress two different versions of the same bill, the "MLK Records Act" (one in 2003, the other in 2005), which, if signed into law, would release all currently sealed files concerning the 1968 assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Martin Luther King Jr ( January 15, 1929 April 4, 1968) was an American clergyman, Activist and prominent leader [21] These records were sealed in 1978 and are not due to be declassified until the year 2028. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) The 2005 version of the MLK Records Act, HR 2554 had 67 cosponsors by the time McKinney left office at the end of 2006. A Senate version of the bill (S2499) was introduced by Senator John Kerry and was co-signed by Sen. } John Forbes Kerry (born December 11 1943 is an American Politician who is currently serving his fourth term as the junior United States Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton. Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26 1947 is the junior United States Senator from The bill has also received numerous endorsements from former members of the House Select Committee on Assassinations. The United States House of Representatives Select Committee on Assassinations was established in 1976 to investigate the John F

Tupac Shakur Records Act

Documents relating to the death of rapper Tupac Shakur, in which McKinney has taken an active interest, would be released under another bill introduced by Rep. Tupac Amaru Shakur (June 16 1971 &mdash September 13 1996 also known by his Stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an American rapper McKinney. In a statement, McKinney explained her reason for the bill: "The public has the right to know because he was a well-known figure. There is intense public interest in the life and death of Tupac Shakur. " Legislation demanding release of records is a more direct route than the tedious process and limited scope of the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA).

Hurricane Katrina activism

McKinney has been an advocate for victims of Hurricane Katrina and a critic of the government's response. Hurricane Katrina of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the costliest hurricane, as well as one of the five deadliest in the history of the United States Over 100,000 evacuees from New Orleans and Mississippi relocated to the Atlanta area, and many have now settled there. New Orleans (nʲuːˈɔrliənz nʲuːˈɔrlənz French: La Nouvelle-Orléans) is a major United States port city and the largest city in Louisiana Mississippi ( is a state located in the Deep South of the United States

During the Katrina crisis, evacuees were turned away by the Gretna Police when they attempted to cross the Crescent City Connection Bridge between New Orleans and Gretna, Louisiana. New Orleans (nʲuːˈɔrliənz nʲuːˈɔrlənz French: La Nouvelle-Orléans) is a major United States port city and the largest city in Louisiana The City of Gretna is the Parish seat of Jefferson Parish, in the US state of Louisiana. [22][23] Rep. McKinney was the only member of Congress to participate in a march across the Crescent City Connection Bridge on November 7, 2005, to protest what had happened on that bridge in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. [24]

In response, McKinney introduced a bill[25] on November 2, 2005, that would temporarily deny federal assistance to the City of Gretna Police Department, the Jefferson Parish Sheriff's Office, and the Crescent City Connection Division Police Department, in the state of Louisiana. The State of Louisiana ( or, État de Louisiane, pronounced) is a state located in the southern region of the United States of America The bill was referred to the House Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security, but was not acted on. However, in August 2006, a grand jury began an investigation of the incident. In the Common law, a grand jury is a type of Jury which determines whether there is enough evidence for a trial. [26][27]

McKinney chose to be an active participant in the Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina, despite the Democratic Party leadership's call for Democratic members to boycott the committee. Hurricane Katrina of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the costliest hurricane, as well as one of the five deadliest in the history of the United States She submitted her own 72-page report. [28] She sat as a guest along with only a few other Democrats. In questioning Department of Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff, McKinney referred to a news story in which the owners of a nursing home had been charged with negligent homicide for abandoning 34 clients who died in the flood waters. Michael B Chertoff (born November 28, 1953) is the current United States Secretary of Homeland Security, and co-author of the USA PATRIOT Act SNF redirects here For the sports show see NBC Sunday Night Football. List of countries by homicide rate Homicide ( Latin homicidium, homo human being + caedere to cut kill refers to the act of killing another McKinney asked Chertoff: "Mr. Secretary, if the nursing home owners are arrested for negligent homicide, why shouldn't you also be arrested for negligent homicide?"[29]

The Congressional Black Caucus' Omnibus Bill (HR 4197) was introduced on November 2, 2005, to provide a comprehensive response to the Gulf Coast residents affected by Hurricane Katrina. The Gulf Coast region of the United States comprises the coasts of states which border the Gulf of Mexico. Hurricane Katrina of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the costliest hurricane, as well as one of the five deadliest in the history of the United States The second title of the bill was submitted by McKinney, seeking a Comprehensive Environmental Sampling and Toxicity Assessment Plan, or CESTAP, to minimize harm to Gulf Coast residents from the toxic releases into the environment caused by the hurricane. [30]

At the request of McKinney, the [31] Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina, chaired by Thomas M. Davis, held a previously unscheduled hearing titled "Voices Inside the Storm" on December 6, 2005. Thomas M "Tom" Davis III (born January 5 1949 in Minot, North Dakota) is a Republican member of the United

Rep. McKinney along with Rep. Barbara Lee (CA), produced a[32] "Katrina Legislative Summary," a chart summarizing House and Senate bills on Hurricane Katrina. Barbara Jean Lee (born July 16 1946) is an American politician and has been a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives On June 13, 2006, McKinney pointed out on the House floor that only a dozen of the 176 Katrina bills identified on the chart had passed into law, leaving 163 bills stalled in committee.

On August 2, 2007, McKinney participated in a press conference in New Orleans to launch an International Tribunal on Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, which she described as an effort to seek justice for the victims of those hurricanes and their aftermath. New Orleans (nʲuːˈɔrliənz nʲuːˈɔrlənz French: La Nouvelle-Orléans) is a major United States port city and the largest city in Louisiana

Anti-war and human rights legislation

Until 2000, McKinney served on the House International Relations Committee, where she was the highest-ranking Democrat on the Human Rights Subcommittee. McKinney worked on legislation to stop conventional weapons transfers to governments that are undemocratic or fail to respect human rights. Democracy is a form of government in which the supreme power is held completely by the people under a free electoral system Human rights refers to the "basic Rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled Her legislation to end the mining of coltan in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo was mentioned in the United Nations Security Council's "Special Report on Ituri. Coltan is the colloquial African name for Columbite - Tantalite, a metallic Ore from which is extracted the elements Niobium and The Democratic Republic of the Congo (République démocratique du Congo often referred to as DR Congo, DRC or RDC, and formerly known or referred to "

On November 18, 2005, McKinney was one of only three House members (out of 406) to vote for H. R. 571, introduced by House Armed Services Committee chairman Duncan Hunter, Chairman of the Armed Services Committee, on which McKinney sat. The US House Committee on Armed Services, commonly known as the House Armed Services Committee, is a Standing committee of the United States House of Representatives Duncan Lee Hunter (born May 31, 1948) is an American politician Hunter, a Republican, offered this resolution calling for an immediate withdrawal of U. S. forces in Iraq in place of John Murtha's H. John Patrick “Jack” Murtha Jr (born 17 June 1932 is an American politician from the U J. Res. 73, which called for redeployment "at the earliest possible date. " In her prepared statement, McKinney accused the Republicans of "trying to set a trap for the Democrats. A 'no' vote for this Resolution will obscure the fact that there is strong support for withdrawal of US forces from Iraq . . . In voting for this bill, let me be perfectly clear that I am not saying the United States should exit Iraq without a plan. I agree with Mr. Murtha that security and stability in Iraq should be pursued through diplomacy. I simply want to vote 'yes' to an orderly withdrawal from Iraq. "[33]

Articles of impeachment introduced

At the end of the 2006 legislative session, McKinney introduced articles of impeachment against President George W. Bush as (H Res 1106), which makes three charges against Bush: manipulating intelligence and lying to justify the war in Iraq, failing to uphold accountability and violating privacy laws with his domestic spying program. Impeachment is the first of two stages in a specific process for a legislative body to forcibly remove a Government official George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States.

The second article also makes charges against Vice President Dick Cheney for helping to "fix" the intelligence in order to justify the Iraq War, and against Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice for making false statements concerning Iraq's alleged weapons of mass destruction program. Richard Bruce "Dick" Cheney (born January 30 1941 is the forty-sixth and current Vice President of the United States. Condoleezza Rice (born November 14 1954 is the 66th United States For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. A weapon of mass destruction ( WMD) is a weapon which can kill large numbers of humans and/or cause great damage to man-made structures (e

Because McKinney waited until the final day of voting before her term ended to introduce the resolution, the resolution was symbolic.

2006 primary and primary runoff

Main article: Georgia 4th congressional district election, 2006

McKinney finished first in the July 18, 2006 Democratic primary, edging DeKalb County Commissioner Hank Johnson 47. The Georgia 4th congressional district election 2006 is an Election for the United States House of Representatives. Henry "Hank" Johnson Jr (born 1954 is a member of the U 1% to 44. 4%, with a third candidate receiving 8. 5%. [34]However, since McKinney failed to get at least 50% of the vote, she and Johnson were forced into a runoff.

McKinney's loss is attributed to a mid-decade redistricting, in which the 4th had absorbed portions of Gwinnett and Rockdale Counties, as well a highly publicized controversial run-in with a U.S. Capitol police officer. Gwinnett County is a County located in the US state of Georgia. Rockdale County is a County located in the US state of Georgia. A police officer (also known as a policeman or policewoman) is a warranted employee of a Police force. In the runoff of August 8, 2006, although there were about 8,000 more voters than in the primary, McKinney received about the same number of votes as in July. Johnson won with 41,178 votes (59%) to McKinney's 28,832 (41%). [35] CNN reported that during her concession speech, McKinney hardly mentioned her opponent but praised the leftist political leaders elected in South America (including Hugo Chavez of Venezuala). South America is a Continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías (ˈuɰo rafaˈel ˈtʃaβ̞es ˈfɾias (born July 28 1954 is the current President of Venezuela. Venezuela (ˌvɛnəˈzweɪlə) officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish República Bolivariana de Venezuela) is a country on the [36]

2008 Green Party presidential candidacy

On December 11, 2007, McKinney announced her candidacy for the Green Party nomination for President of the United States[37] in the 2008 presidential election. One of the Political parties in the United States, and similar in mission to many of the worldwide Green Parties, the Greens have been active as a third party The United States presidential election of 2008, scheduled for Tuesday November 4 2008 will be the 56th consecutive [38] Green Party members attempted to recruit McKinney both in 2000 and 2004. In 2000, she was widely mentioned as a possible vice-presidential running mate for Ralph Nader; in 2004, attempts were made to convince McKinney to run on the Green Party ballot line for president. __FORCETOC__ For the Vice President of the United States, their roles and other information see Vice President of the United States. Ralph Nader (born February 27 1934 is an American Attorney, Author, Lecturer, political activist, and independent candidate for President While there had been a great deal of excitement among party members about a possible McKinney run in those prior elections, the congresswoman had little to do with the party apart from having had Green Party loyalists working on her congressional campaigns. This changed drastically following her defeat in the 2006 election. McKinney attended the California Green Party strategy retreat in Sonoma, California, where she was the keynote speaker. Sonoma is a historically significant city in Sonoma Valley, Sonoma County California, USA. [39] On May 25, 2007, she was asked about a presidential run on WBAI and confirmed that she had thought about a Green run: "2008 has not been ruled out, some kind of effort. WBAI, a part of the Pacifica Radio Network, is a Non-commercial, listener-supported Radio station, broadcasting at 99 Certainly now it is questionable as to whether that effort would come under the banner of the Democratic Party. "[40]

Cynthia McKinney before speaking at the Green Party Presidential Debate in San Francisco, January 2008.
Cynthia McKinney before speaking at the Green Party Presidential Debate in San Francisco, January 2008.

On June 9, speaking at a Harlem fundraiser for her Congressional campaign debt, she addressed speculation that she might run for president in 2008. Harlem is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Manhattan, long known as a major African American cultural and business center At the end of the program, Robert Knight of Pacifica Radio, who emceed the evening's events, took the pulpit to ask: "I can't hardly wait for 2008. Ms. McKinney, in 2008, what color is your parachute?" McKinney responds from the audience, "it's not red and it's not blue. "[41] McKinney also appeared at the July 15 Green Party National Meeting in Reading, Pennsylvania, where she suggested that the Green Party could become a progressive political force. Reading (ˈrɛdɪŋ is the county seat of Berks County Pennsylvania and the center of the Greater Reading Area. "[T]he disgust of the American people with what they see before them — all they need is the blueprint and a road map. Why not have the Green Party provide the blueprint and the road map?" At an August 27 peace rally in Kennebunkport, Maine McKinney confirmed the depth of her disenchantment with the Democratic Party, urging San Francisco voters to replace Nancy Pelosi with antiwar activist Cindy Sheehan. Kennebunkport is a town in York County, Maine, United States. Nancy Patricia D'Alesandro Pelosi (born March 26 1940 is the current Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. [42] On September 10th, in a letter to the Steering Committee of the Green Party of the United States, McKinney stated she would not seek the Green Party nomination for president. [43] However, in early October it appeared that McKinney was making moves towards declaring herself an official Green Party candidate. [44] By October 9, 2007, Green leaders were receiving emails indicating McKinney had formally joined the Green Party. The emails also indicate McKinney could announce a Green Party presidential bid by the third week of October. Following a brief exploratory visit to California in mid-October, McKinney filed with the FEC. She formally announced her candidacy with a video on her website and on YouTube on December 16, 2007. Later that month she agreed to join with others on the Green Party California Primary Ballot for an event in San Francisco entitled Campaign 2008: A Presidential Debate That Matters. [45]

McKinney has filed with the State Board of Elections of Illinois for the Green party in the presidential race. [46]

Controversies

The Capitol Police incident

Main article: March 29, 2006 Capitol Hill Police Incident

On the morning of March 29, 2006, McKinney entered the Longworth House Office Building's southeast entrance and proceeded past the security checkpoint, walking around the metal detector. On March 29 2006 Congresswoman Cynthia McKinney of Georgia entered the Longworth House Office Building 's southeast entrance after walking around the metal detector at Events 1461 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Towton - Edward of York defeats Queen Margaret to become King Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The Longworth House Office Building (LHOB is one of three office buildings used by the United States House of Representatives. Members of Congress have identifying lapel pins and are not required to pass through metal detectors. A Member of Congress is a Politician who is a member of a Congress. The officers present failed to recognize McKinney as a member of Congress because she was not wearing the appropriate lapel pin. [47] She proceeded westward down the ground floor hallway and about halfway down the hallway was grabbed by United States Capitol Police officer Paul McKenna, who states that he had been calling after her: "Ma'am, Ma'am!" Two days later, Officer McKenna filed a police report claiming that McKinney had struck "his chest with a closed fist. "

In the midst of a media frenzy, McKinney made an apology[48] on the floor of the House of Representatives on April 6, 2006, neither admitting to nor denying the charge, stating only that: "There should not have been any physical contact in this incident. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato in the Battle of Thapsus Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. " Minutes before making the Congresswoman's apology, McKinney's security officer made contact with a TV correspondent outside of the U. S. Capitol. [49]

Though McKinney was not indicted for criminal charges nor subjected to disciplinary action by the House, the president of the Fraternal Order of Police has advocated the filing of a civil suit by Officer McKenna. The Fraternal Order of Police ( FOP) is an organization of sworn Law enforcement officers in the United States. [50]

On-air criticism of aide

In the wake of the March 2006 incident with the Capitol Police officer, Rep. McKinney was still very much in the news and her office invited the media to attend one of her monthly "District Days," where she spends one full day meeting with constituents to discuss issues of concern. At her April 23, 2006, "District Days" event, Rep. Events 215 BC - A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. McKinney was being interviewed by WGCL's Renee Starzyk, who rather than asking questions about District Days as McKinney would have liked, repeatedly questioned her about the March 29 scuffle with a Capitol police officer. This is a list of past and present personalities from WXIA-TV, the Gannett owned NBC affiliate in Atlanta Georgia. Frustrated, McKinney stood up and apparently forgot she was still wearing the microphone. Her offscreen comments were captured on tape. She was heard saying, "Oh, crap, now you know what . . . they lied to Coz, and Coz is a fool. "[51] She was referring to one of her aides, Coz Carson. McKinney realized the embarrassing mistake and returned on screen with the microphone, this time with instructions on what parts of the interview CBS 46 was allowed to use, "anything that is captured by your audio . . . that is captured while I'm not seated in this chair is off the record and is not permissible to be used . . . is that understood?"[4] The comments from the interview were immediately aired on CBS and eventually across the nation. (Importantly, McKinney stated after the "Coz is a fool" statement was made that it was off the record, as opposed to stating beforehand that certain portions are off the record. )

Criticism of Al Gore

During the 2000 presidential campaign, McKinney wrote that "Al Gore's Negro tolerance level has never been too high. Albert Arnold Gore Jr (born March 31 1948 is an American environmental Activist, author Businessperson, former Politician, and former African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa I've never known him to have more than one black person around him at any given time. " The Gore campaign was outraged and responded by pointing out that Gore's campaign manager, Donna Brazile, was black. Donna Brazile (born December 15, 1959) is an American Author, Educator, and political activist and strategist affiliated with [52]

Awards and honors

McKinney has been featured in a full-length documentary titled American Blackout. Documentary film is a broad category of visual expression that is based on the attempt in one fashion or another to " Document " reality American Blackout ( 2006) is a Documentary film directed by Ian Inaba. On April 14, 2006, she received the key to the city of Sarasota, Florida, and was doubly honored when the city named April 8 as "Congresswoman Cynthia McKinney Day" in Sarasota. Freedom of the City is an honour bestowed by some municipalities in Australia, Canada, Ireland, France, Italy, New Zealand Sarasota is a city located in Sarasota County on the southwestern coast of the state of Florida in the United States. On May 1, 2004, during her hiatus from office, McKinney was awarded the fifth annual Backbone Award by the Backbone Campaign "because she was willing to challenge the Bush administration and called for an investigation into 9-11 when few others dared to air their criticism and questions. "[53]

On June 14, 2000, Rep. McKinney was honored when part of Memorial Drive, a major thoroughfare running through her district, was renamed "Cynthia McKinney Parkway," but the naming has come[54] under scrutiny since her primary defeat in 2006. Memorial Drive leads from south Atlanta to Stone Mountain. This article is about Stone Mountain in Georgia USA For other uses see Stone Mountain (disambiguation. Her father had previously been honored when a portion of Interstate 285 around Atlanta was dedicated as "Billy McKinney Highway. Interstate 285 (I-285 is a Beltway Interstate highway encircling Atlanta Georgia, for 63 "

Electoral history

Georgia's 11th congressional district: Results 1992–1994[55]
Year Democrat Votes Pct Republican Votes Pct
1992 Cynthia A. Georgia's 11th congressional district is a political unit of the United States of America. The US House election 1992 was an election for the United States House of Representatives in 1992 which coincided with the election of Bill Clinton as McKinney 120,168 73% Woodrow Lovett 44,221 27% *
1994 Cynthia A. The US House election 1994 was an election for the United States House of Representatives on November 8 1994, in the middle of President McKinney 71,560 66% Woodrow Lovett 37,533 34%
*Write-in and minor candidate notes: In 1992, write-ins received 11 votes.
Georgia's 4th congressional district: Results 1996–2004[55]
Year Democrat Votes Pct Republican Votes Pct
1996 Cynthia A. The Fourth Congressional District of the US State of Georgia includes parts of Dekalb, Rockdale, and Gwinnett Counties in the metro Atlanta The US House election 1996 was an election for the United States House of Representatives on November 5, 1996 which coincided with the re-election McKinney 127,157 58% John M. Mitnick 92,985 42%
1998 Cynthia A. The US House election 1998 was the midterm Congressional election during President Bill Clinton 's second term McKinney 100,622 61% Sunny J. Warren 64,146 39% *
2000 Cynthia A. The elections for the United States House of Representatives in 2000 coincided with the disputed election of George W McKinney 139,579 61% Sunny J. Warren 90,277 39%
2002 Denise L. Majette 118,045 77% Cynthia Van Auken 35,202 23%
2004 Cynthia A. Elections for the United States House of Representatives on 5 November 2002 was in the middle of President George W Denise L Majette (born May 18, 1955) is a Democratic US politician from the state of Georgia. Elections to the United States House of Representatives for the 109th Congress were held on November 2, 2004. McKinney 157,461 64% Catherine Davis 89,509 36%
*Write-in and minor candidate notes: In 1998, write-ins received 4 votes.

References

  1. ^ Welch, William. "Crossover vote helped tilt Ga. races", USA Today, 2002-08-21. USA TODAY is a national American daily Newspaper published by the Gannett Company. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1192 - Minamoto Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the De facto ruler of Japan. Retrieved on 2008-03-05. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a  "Crossover voting gave a significant lift to Democrat Denise Majette in unseating controversial Rep. Cynthia McKinney" 
  2. ^ "Democrat U.S. House District 4", WSBTV Action News 2 Atlanta, 2006-08-08. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1220 - Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula. Retrieved on 2006-08-08. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1220 - Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula. (English) 
  3. ^ http://www.allthingscynthiamckinney.com/ All Things Cynthia McKinney (Cynthia McKinney's personal website) article "Cynthia Severs Ties with Democrats" submitted by admin September 25, 2007.
  4. ^ Federal Election Commision: McKinney, Cynthia
  5. ^ http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=1424663692856267230 Insightful Personal Conversation with Cynthia McKinney"
  6. ^ Cynthia McKinney Moves--McKinney Parkway Fate in Question
  7. ^ a b c Jim Lehrer. James Charles "Jim" Lehrer (ˈlɛrɚ born May 19 1934) is an American journalist and the News anchor for The NewsHour "Georgia on Her Mind", PBS, 31 October 1996. The Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS) is a Non-profit Public broadcasting Television service with 354 member TV stations in the  
  8. ^ Iraqi cancers, birth defects blamed on U.S. depleted uranium
  9. ^ "Barr, McKinney lose in Georgia primaries", CNN. Cable News Network, usually referred to by its Initialism CNN, is a major English language Television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner  
  10. ^ 369 F.3d 1283
  11. ^ Osburn v. Georgia, 04-217) (cert denied, 541 U. S. __).
  12. ^ Order List - October 18, 1004
  13. ^ a b "Lessons from Rep. Cynthia McKinney's defeat, by Michael Barone", U.S. News and World Report, 29 August 2002. USNews & World Report is an influential weekly American Newsmagazine published in Washington D  
  14. ^ "Faith, race and Barack Obama", The Economist, July 6, 2006. The Economist is an English-language weekly news and International affairs publication owned by The Economist Newspaper Ltd and edited in London  
  15. ^ 911truth.org ::::: 911 Truth Statement
  16. ^ Mark Donham: Why Are the Democrats Trying to Deny Cynthia McKinney Her Seniority?
  17. ^ http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2005/roll007.xml
  18. ^ "Press Release", Office of Rep. Cynthia McKinney, 22 July 2005.  
  19. ^ McKinney reopens 9/11
  20. ^ Cynthia McKinney. "The 9/11 Commission Report One Year Later: A Citizens' Response — Did They Get it Right?", NOWAR/PAIX. , 9 August 2005.  
  21. ^ "Martin Luther King, Jr., Records Collection Act of 2005", Government Printing Office, 23 May 2005. The Government Printing Office (GPO is an agency of the legislative branch of the United States federal government.  
  22. ^ "Police made their storm misery worse", San Francisco Chronicle, 9 September 2005. The San Francisco Chronicle was founded in 1865 as The Daily Dramatic Chronicle by teenage brothers Charles de Young and Michael H  
  23. ^ "The Bridge to Gretna", CBS News, 18 December 2005. CBS News is the news division of American Television and Radio network CBS.  
  24. ^ "Marchers Cross New Orleans Bridge to Protest Racism", National Organization for Women, 7 November 2005. The National Organization for Women ( NOW) is the largest American Feminist organization  
  25. ^ H.R. 4209, 109th Congress, 1st Session (PDF). United States House of Representatives (2005-11-02). Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000
  26. ^ "Bridge blockade goes to grand jury", New Orleans Times-Picayune, 5 August 2006. The Times-Picayune is a daily Newspaper published in New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.  
  27. ^ "La. Police Who Turned Away Katrina Victims Face Inquiry", Washington Post, 5 August 2006. The Washington Post is the largest and most circulated Newspaper in Washington D  
  28. ^ "A Failure of Initiative: The Final Report of the Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina", U.S. House of Representatives, 15 February 2006. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate.  
  29. ^ "McKinney Roils Panel", Atlanta Journal-Constitution, 20 October 2005. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution is the only major daily Newspaper in Atlanta Georgia, USA and its suburbs.  
  30. ^ "Hurricane Katrina Recovery, Reclamation, Restoration, Reconstruction and Reunion Act of 2005", Government Printing Office, 2 November 2005. The Government Printing Office (GPO is an agency of the legislative branch of the United States federal government.  
  31. ^ Select Bipartisan Committee
  32. ^ Offices of Rep. Barbara Lee and Rep. Cynthia McKinney (2006-06-06). Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year Hurricanes Katrina and Rita: Summary of Congressional Legislation (PDF). United States House of Representatives.
  33. ^ McKinney: Republicans seek to silence dissent on Iraq war
  34. ^ "Georgia Election Results: Official Results of the July 18, 2006 Primary Election", Georgia Secretary of State, 2006-07-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 622 - The beginning of the Islamic calendar. 1054 - Three Roman legates fractured relations between the Western and Retrieved on 2006-08-08. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1220 - Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula. (English) 
  35. ^ "Democrat U.S. House District 4", WSBTV Action News 2 Atlanta, 2006-08-08. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1220 - Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula. Retrieved on 2006-08-08. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1220 - Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula. (English) 
  36. ^ CNN.com - McKinney beaten but unbowed - Aug 9, 2006
  37. ^ YouTube - Cynthia McKinney Announces Run for President
  38. ^ McKinney speaks truth to power in Wisconsin
  39. ^ Vibes Watch
  40. ^ [1]
  41. ^ her website
  42. ^ [2]
  43. ^ McKinney, Cynthia (2007-09-10). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. Cynthia Withdraws Name From Consideration for Green Party Presidential Nomination. All Things Cynthia McKinney.
  44. ^ Thomas, Luke. "Cynthia McKinney to announce bid for the White House", Fog City Journal, 2007-10-05. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 869 - The Fourth Council of Constantinople is convened to decide about what to do about Patriarch Photius of Constantinople  
  45. ^ Green Campaign 2008: A Presidential Debate That Matters. Green Party of Alameda County.
  46. ^ Illinois State Board of Elections
  47. ^ "Rep. McKinney Punches Cop", WXIA-TV ATLANTA, 30 March 2006.  
  48. ^ "McKinney apologizes for scuffle with officer", WXIA-TV ATLANTA, 30 March 2006.  
  49. ^ McKinney's Bodyguard Shoves Channel 2 Reporter - Video - WSB Atlanta
  50. ^ "Officer Considers Lawsuit Against McKinney", WSBTV ATLANTA.  
  51. ^ "Station catches McKinney bad-mouthing staffer", The Associated Press. The Associated Press ( AP) is an American News agency. The AP is a Cooperative owned by its contributing Newspapers radio  
  52. ^ Chris Suellentrop. "Cynthia McKinney — The rep who cries racism", Slate.com, 19 April 2002. Slate is an English-language online current affairs and culture Magazine created in 1996 by former New Republic editor Michael  
  53. ^ "The Honorable Cynthia McKinney", Backbone Campaign.  
  54. ^ http://www.jacksonville.com/apnews/stories/031507/D8NSF63G0.shtml
  55. ^ a b Election Statistics. Office of the Clerk of the House of Representatives. Retrieved on 2007-08-08. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1220 - Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula.

External links

Preceded by
District created		 Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Georgia's 11th congressional district
1993–1997		 Succeeded by
John Linder
Preceded by
John Linder		 Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Georgia's 4th congressional district
1997–2003		 Succeeded by
Denise Majette
Preceded by
Denise Majette		 Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Georgia's 4th congressional district
2005–2007		 Succeeded by
Hank Johnson
Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1740 - Maria Theresa takes the throne of Austria. France, Prussia, Bavaria and Saxony Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 326 - The old St Peter's Basilica is consecrated 1302 - Pope Boniface VIII issues the Papal bull Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 380 - Theodosius I makes his adventus, or formal Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. These are tables of congressional delegations from Georgia to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. Georgia's 11th congressional district is a political unit of the United States of America. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar John Elmer Linder (born September 9 1942) American politician has been a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives John Elmer Linder (born September 9 1942) American politician has been a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives These are tables of congressional delegations from Georgia to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. The Fourth Congressional District of the US State of Georgia includes parts of Dekalb, Rockdale, and Gwinnett Counties in the metro Atlanta Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Denise L Majette (born May 18, 1955) is a Democratic US politician from the state of Georgia. Denise L Majette (born May 18, 1955) is a Democratic US politician from the state of Georgia. These are tables of congressional delegations from Georgia to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. The Fourth Congressional District of the US State of Georgia includes parts of Dekalb, Rockdale, and Gwinnett Counties in the metro Atlanta Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Henry "Hank" Johnson Jr (born 1954 is a member of the U
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