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Iberian Peninsula at about 200 BC [1]
Iberian Peninsula at about 200 BC [1]

The Cynetes or Conii were a people living in today's Algarve and Low Alentejo regions of southern Portugal before the 6th century BCE (in what was to become the southern part of the Roman province of Lusitania). The Algarve ( pron aɫ'gaɾv(ɨ is the southernmost region of mainland Portugal. Alentejo (ɐlẽˈtɛʒu is a south-central region of Portugal. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. The 6th century BC started the first day of 600 BC and ended the last day of 501 BC. Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC In Ancient Rome, a province (Latin provincia, pl provinciae) was the basic and until the Tetrarchy (circa This article concerns the Roman province For the ship see RMS Lusitania.

Contents

Origin

Whether they were Celts or pre-Celtic Iberians has not been established. Celts (ˈkɛlts or /ˈsɛlts/, see Names of the Celts The Iberians were a set of peoples that Greek and Roman sources (among others Hecataeus of Miletus, Avienus, Herodot and Strabo A third possibility is that they represented a pre-Celtic population who had adopted many elements of Celtic culture (namely from the Celtici of Alentejo), with normal expectations of some intermarriage, and cultural influences from powerful Tartessos to the east of them (in the region Romans would call Hispania Bætica). The Celtici were a Celtic tribe of the Iberian peninsula, akin either to the Lusitanians and Gallaecians or the Celtiberians, living Tartessos (also Tartessus) was a harbor city and its surrounding culture on the south coast of the Hispania Baetica was one of three Imperial Roman provinces in Hispania, (modern Iberia)

Inscriptions

Inscriptions in the Tartessian language have been found in the area, in a variety often referred to as Southwest script. The Tartessian language, also known as southwestern or South Lusitanian is a paleohispanic language once spoken in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula The southwest script or southwestern script, also known as Tartessian or South Lusitanian is a paleohispanic script that was the mean of written The name Conii, found in Strabo, seems to have been identical with the Cynesii, who were mentioned by Herodotus as the westernmost dwellers of Europe and distinguished by him from the Celts[1]. Strabo ( Greek: Στράβων 63/64 BC – ca AD 24 was a Greek historian, geographer and philosopher. Herodotus of Halicarnassus ( Greek: Hēródotos Halikarnāsseús) was a Greek Historian who lived in the 5th century BC ( 484 BC&ndash

Main city

Map of the Gulf of Cádiz in Antiquity. Conistorgis is imprecisely located north of Ossonoba city (today's Faro, Portugal).
Map of the Gulf of Cádiz in Antiquity. The Gulf of Cádiz (in Spanish: Golfo de Cádiz) is the arm of the Atlantic Ocean between Cape St Conistorgis is imprecisely located north of Ossonoba city (today's Faro, Portugal). Faro (ˈfaɾu is a city and municipality in southern Portugal.

The main city of the country of the Conii was Conistorgis, according to Strabo, who considered the region Celtic[2]. Conistorgis was the main city of the Conii or Cynetes. It was located somewhere in the interior of the Algarve, in southernmost Portugal, although the In the local language Conistorgis probably means "City of the Conii". The city was destroyed by the Lusitanians, during the Lusitanian War against Rome, because the Conii had become allied with the Romans during the Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula (called Hispania by the Romans). The Lusitanians (or Lusitani in Latin) were an Indo-European people living in the western Iberian Peninsula long before it became the Roman The Lusitanian War, called the Purinos Polemos (meaning Fiery War) was a war of resistance fought between the advancing legions of the Roman Republic The Roman Republic was the phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a Republican form of government a period which began with the overthrow of the The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe, and includes modern day Spain, Portugal, Andorra Hispania was the name given by the Romans to the whole of the Iberian Peninsula (modern Portugal, Spain, Andorra, Gibraltar Its precise site has not been rediscovered.

Notes

  1. ^ Herodotus writes "now the Celtae dwell beyond the pillars of Hercules, being neighbours of the Cynesii, who are the westernmost of all nations inhabiting Europe" (Herodotus, II, 33). The Pillars of Hercules was the phrase that was applied in Antiquity to the promontories that flank the entrance to the Strait of Gibraltar. In another reference noting the Celts again in the extreme west, he refers to their neighbors the Cynetes: ". . . the Celts, who, save only the Cynetes, are the most westerly dwellers in Europe. " (IV, 49).
  2. ^ "In the country of the Celti, Conistorgis is the best known city" (Strabo, III, 2, 2).

References

See also

External links

Portugal is a European Nation whose origins go back to the Early Middle Ages. The Prehistory of the Iberian peninsula begins with the arrival of the first Hominins c This is a historical timeline of Portugal. See also History of Portugal Pre-Roman Western Iberia (Before the 3rd century BC This is a historical timeline of Portugal. See also History of Portugal Pre-Roman Western Iberia Paleolithic This is a historical timeline of Portugal. See also History of Portugal Roman Lusitania and Gallaecia 3rd century BC This is a list of the Pre- Roman peoples of the Iberian peninsula (the Roman Hispania - modern Andorra, Portugal and Spain
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