In organic chemistry, a cyclic compound is a compound in which a series of carbon atoms are connected to form a loop or ring. Organic chemistry is a discipline within Chemistry which involves the scientific study of the structure properties composition reactions, and preparation A chemical compound is a substance consisting of two or more different elements chemically bonded together in a fixed proportion by Mass. [1] Benzene is a well known example. Benzene, or benzol, is an organic Chemical compound and a known Carcinogen with the molecular formula C 6 H 6 The term "polycyclic" is used when more than one ring is formed in a single molecule for instance in naphthalene, and the term macrocycle is used for a ring containing more than a dozen atoms. Naphthalene, also known as naphthalin, naphthaline, tar camphor, white tar, albocarbon, or antimite and not to be A macrocycle is as defined by IUPAC, "a cyclic macromolecule or a macromolecular cyclic portion of a molecule
 Benzene, a simple cyclic compound. |
 Naphthalene, a simple polycyclic compound. |
 Porphyrin, a simple macrocyclic compound. A porphyrin is a heterocyclic Macrocycle derived from four Pyrroline subunits interconnected via their α carbon atoms via Methine bridges (=CH- |
Cyclic compounds can be categorized:
Cyclic aldehydes are aldehydes that have their -CHO group bonded directly to the ring. An alicyclic compound is an Organic compound that is both Aliphatic and cyclic Cycloalkanes (also called naphthenes, especially if from Petroleum sources are types of Alkanes which have one or more rings of Carbon Atoms A cycloalkene or cycloolefin is a type of Alkene Hydrocarbon which contains a closed ring of Carbon Atoms but has no aromatic Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAH s are Chemical compounds that consist of fused Aromatic rings and do not contain Heteroatoms or A macrocycle is as defined by IUPAC, "a cyclic macromolecule or a macromolecular cyclic portion of a molecule The suffix is -carbaldehyde or carboxaldehyde.
Ring-closing & opening reactions
Related concepts in organic chemistry are so-called ring-closing reactions in which a cyclic compound is formed and ring-opening reactions in which rings are opened.
Examples of ring-closing reactions:
- Ring-closing metathesis
- Nazarov cyclization reaction
- Ruzicka large ring synthesis
- Dieckmann condensation
- Wenker synthesis
Example of ring-opening reactions:
- A general type of polymerization reaction: Ring-opening polymerization
- Ring opening metathesis polymerisation
External links
References
- ^ March, Jerry (1985). Ring-closing metathesis or RCM is a variation on Olefin metathesis that allows the closing of previously hard to make rings (7-8 member rings in particular A Nazarov cyclization is an Organic reaction converting a divinylketone into a cyclopentenone under the influence of a Brønsted acid such as The Ruzicka large ring synthesis or Ruzicka reaction or Ruzicka cyclization is an Organic reaction in which a Dicarboxylic acid is converted The Dieckmann condensation is the Intramolecular Chemical reaction of di Esters with base to give β-ketoesters The Wenker synthesis is an Organic reaction converting a beta Amino alcohol to an Aziridine with the aid of Sulfuric acid. In Polymer chemistry, ring-opening polymerization is a form of Addition polymerization, in which the terminal end of a polymer acts as a Reactive center Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP is a type of Olefin metathesis Polymerization that produces industrially important products Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH) is a huge Controlled vocabulary (or metadata system for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH) is a huge Controlled vocabulary (or metadata system for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books Advanced Organic Chemistry, Reactions, Mechanisms and Structure, third Edition, John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-85472-7.