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Cutty Sark
Cutty Sark in dock, Greenwich - January 2005
Career (UK) Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom
Namesake: "Scottish witch Cutty Sark"
Ordered: 1868
Laid down: 1869
Scott & Linton shipyard, Dumbarton
Launched: 22 November 1869
Christened: 22 November 1869 by Mrs. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located "Cutty sark" is 18th century Scots for "short Chemise " or "short Undergarment " Hercules Linton ( 1 January 1836 - 15 May 1900) was a Scottish surveyor, Designer, Shipbuilder Shipyards and dockyards are places which repair and build ships These can be Yachts military Dumbarton ( Gaelic Dùn Breatainn d̪̊unˈb̊ɾʲɛhd̪̊ɪɲ is a Burgh in Scotland, lying on the north bank of the River Clyde Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Year 1869 ( MDCCCLXIX) is a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Moodie
Acquired: British Merchant Navy
Commissioned: 16 February 1870
In service: February 1870
Out of service: December 1954
Renamed: Ferreira, Maria do Amparo, Cutty Sark
Homeport: London 1870-1895, Lisbon 1895-1923, Falmouth 1923-1938, London
Motto: Where there's a Willis a way
Nickname: Pequena Camisola (port. 'little shirt')
Fate: museum ship since 1954
Notes: designed by Hercules Linton
General characteristics
Class and type: Tea Clipper
Displacement: 2,100 tons (2,133. The British Merchant Navy, known simply as the Merchant Navy is the maritime register of the United Kingdom, and describes the seagoing commercial interests Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Portuguese ( or língua portuguesa) is a Romance language that originated in what is now Galicia (Spain and northern Portugal. For ships that are not original see Ship replica. For preserved incomplete ships see Ships preserved in museums. Hercules Linton ( 1 January 1836 - 15 May 1900) was a Scottish surveyor, Designer, Shipbuilder A clipper was a very fast Sailing ship of the 19th century that had multiple masts and a Square rig. 7 tonnes) at 20 ft (6. 1 m) draught
Length: hull: 212. 5 ft (64. 77 m),
LOA: 280 ft (85. Length overall, often abbreviated as ( LOA, o/a, oa or oa) refers to the maximum length of a vessel from the two points on the hull most distant 4 m)
Beam: 36 ft (11 m)
Draught: 21 ft (6. 4 m) loaded
Propulsion: Sails
Speed: 17. 15 kt (32 km/h)
Capacity: 1,700 tons (1542 tonnes)
Complement: 28-35

The Cutty Sark is a clipper ship. A clipper was a very fast Sailing ship of the 19th century that had multiple masts and a Square rig. Built in 1869, she served as a merchant vessel (the last clipper to be built for that purpose), and then as a training ship until being put on public display in 1954. Year 1869 ( MDCCCLXIX) is a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year A merchant vessel is a Ship that transports Cargo and Passengers during peace time Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) She is preserved in dry dock at Greenwich in London, but was damaged in a fire on 21 May 2007 while undergoing extensive restoration. A drydock is a narrow basin or vessel that can be flooded to allow a load to be floated in then drained to allow that load to come to rest on a dry platform Greenwich ( ˈɡrɛnɪtʃ GREN-itch /ˈɡrɛnɪdʒ/ GREN-idge or /ˈɡrɪnɪdʒ/ GRIN-idge is a district in south-east London, London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Events 878 - Syracuse Italy is captured by the Muslim sultan of Sicily. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.

Contents

Etymology

The ship is named after the cutty sark (Scots: a short chemise or undergarment[1]). "Cutty sark" is 18th century Scots for "short Chemise " or "short Undergarment " Scots ( The Scots leid) refers to Anglic varieties derived from early northern Middle English spoken in parts of Scotland and Northern The term chemise can refer to the classic smock or shift, or else can refer to certain modern types of women's undergarments and dresses Undergarments are clothes worn under other clothes often next to the skin This was the nickname of the fictional character Nannie (also the name of the ship's figurehead) in Robert Burns' 1791 comic poem Tam o' Shanter. In politics a figurehead, by Metaphor with the carved figurehead at the prow of a sailing ship is a person who holds an important title or office yet executes little Robert Burns (25 January 1759 – 21 July 1796 (also known as Rabbie Burns, Scotland's favourite son, the Ploughman Poet, the Bard of Ayrshire Tam o' Shanter is considered to be one of Robert Burns' finest poems She was wearing a linen cutty sark that she had been given as a child, therefore it was far too small for her. Linen is a Textile made from the Fibers of the Flax plant Linum usitatissimum. The erotic sight of her dancing in such a short undergarment caused Tam to cry out "Weel done, Cutty-sark", which subsequently became a well known idiom. An idiom is a Phrase whose meaning cannot be deduced from the literal Definition, but refers instead to a figurative meaning that is known only

History

Cutty Sark sailing
Cutty Sark sailing

She was designed by Hercules Linton and built in 1869 at Dumbarton, Scotland, by the firm of Scott & Linton, for Captain John "Jock" "White Hat" Willis; Scott & Linton was liquidated, and she was launched November 22 of that year by William Denny & Brothers. Hercules Linton ( 1 January 1836 - 15 May 1900) was a Scottish surveyor, Designer, Shipbuilder Dumbarton ( Gaelic Dùn Breatainn d̪̊unˈb̊ɾʲɛhd̪̊ɪɲ is a Burgh in Scotland, lying on the north bank of the River Clyde Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Hercules Linton ( 1 January 1836 - 15 May 1900) was a Scottish surveyor, Designer, Shipbuilder Hercules Linton ( 1 January 1836 - 15 May 1900) was a Scottish surveyor, Designer, Shipbuilder Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran William Denny and Brothers Limited, and often referred to simply as Denny, were a Scottish shipbuilding company founded in 1840 and based in Dumbarton [2]

Cutty Sark was destined for the tea trade, then an intensely competitive race across the globe from China to London, with immense profits to the ship to arrive with the first tea of the year. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Tea refers to the cured agricultural product of the leaves leaf buds and internodes of Camellia sinensis, which have been prepared and cured for the market However, she did not distinguish herself; in the most famous race, against Thermopylae in 1872, both ships left Shanghai together on June 18, but two weeks later Cutty Sark lost her rudder after passing through the Sunda Strait, and arrived in London on October 18, a week after Thermopylae, a total passage of 122 days. Thermopylae was an extreme composite Clipper ship built in 1868 by Walter Hood & Co of Aberdeen to the design of Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries A rudder is a device used to steer a Ship, Boat, Submarine, Hovercraft, or other conveyance that move through a fluid (generally air or The Sunda Strait ( Indonesian: Selat Sunda) is the Strait between the Indonesian Islands of Java and the island of Sumatra Events 1009 - The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the Fatimid Her legendary reputation is supported by the fact that her captain chose to continue this race with an improvised rudder instead of putting into port for a replacement, yet was only beaten by one week. ||-||-|-||-||-||-||-||-||-|} A port is a facility for receiving Ships and transferring cargo

In the end, clippers lost out to steamships, which could pass through the recently-opened Suez Canal and deliver goods more reliably, if not quite so quickly, which proved to be better for business. A steamboat or steamship, sometimes called a steamer, is a ship in which the primary method of propulsion is steam power, typically driving a Propeller The Suez Canal is a Canal in Egypt. Opened in 1869 it allows Water transportation between Europe and Asia without circumnavigation Cutty Sark was then used on the Australian wool trade. In Mathematics, a sequence is an ordered list of objects (or events For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Wool is the fiber derived from the specialized skin cells called follicles of animals in the Caprinae family principally sheep, but the hair of certain species Trade is the willing exchange of goods, services, or both Trade is also called Commerce. Under the respected Captain Richard Woodget, she did very well, posting Australia-to-Britain times of as little as 67 days. Richard Woodget (1845 - 1928 was an English sea captain most famously known as the master of the famous sailing clipper Cutty Sark during her Her best run, 360 nautical miles (666 km) in 24 hours (an average 15 kn (28 km/h), was said to have been the fastest of any ship of her size. A nautical mile or sea mile is a unit of Length. It corresponds approximately to one minute of Latitude along any meridian.

In 1895 Willis sold her to the Portuguese firm Ferreira and she was renamed Ferreira after the firm, although her crews referred to her as Pequena Camisola ("little shirt", a straight translation of the Scots "cutty sark"). Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. Scots ( The Scots leid) refers to Anglic varieties derived from early northern Middle English spoken in parts of Scotland and Northern [3] In 1916 she was dismasted off the Cape of Good Hope, sold, re-rigged in Cape Town as a barquentine, and renamed Maria do Amparo. The Cape of Good Hope ( Afrikaans: Kaap die Goeie Hoop, Kaap de Goede Hoop Cabo da Boa Esperança Persian Language: دماغه امید نیک Cape Town (Kaapstad Xhosa: Ikapa) is the second most populous city in South Africa, forming part of the metropolitan municipality of the Description A barquentine (also spelled barkentine) is a Sailing vessel with three or more masts; with a Square rigged In 1922 she was bought by Captain Wilfred Dowman, who restored her to her original appearance and used her as a stationary training ship. In 1954 she was moved to a custom-built dry-dock at Greenwich[4].

Cutty Sark is also preserved in literature in Hart Crane's long poem "The Bridge" which was published in 1930. Harold Hart Crane ( July 21, 1899 – April 27, 1932) was an American Poet.

Museum ship

Cutty Sark in Greenwich, October 2003
Cutty Sark in Greenwich, October 2003

The Cutty Sark was preserved as a museum ship and popular tourist attraction. For ships that are not original see Ship replica. For preserved incomplete ships see Ships preserved in museums. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel She is located near the centre of Greenwich, in south-east London, close aboard the National Maritime Museum, the former Greenwich Hospital, and Greenwich Park. Greenwich ( ˈɡrɛnɪtʃ GREN-itch /ˈɡrɛnɪdʒ/ GREN-idge or /ˈɡrɪnɪdʒ/ GRIN-idge is a district in south-east London, London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The National Maritime Museum (NMM in Greenwich, England is the leading Maritime museum of the United Kingdom and may be the largest museum Greenwich Park is a former Hunting park in Greenwich and one of the largest single green spaces in south east London. She is also a prominent landmark on the route of the London Marathon. The London Marathon is a popular road marathon that has been held each year in London since 1981 usually in April She usually flies signal flags from her ensign halyard reading "JKWS", which is the code representing Cutty Sark in the International Code of Signals, introduced in 1857. An ensign is a distinguishing Flag of a ship or a military unit or a distinguishing token emblem or badge such as a symbol of office In Sailing, a halyard or halliard is a line ( Rope) that is used to hoist (pull up a Sail, a Flag or a yard. The International Code of Signals (INTERCO is a signal code to be used by merchant and naval vessels to communicate important messages about the state of a vessel and the intent of its

The ship is in the care of the Cutty Sark Trust, whose president, the Duke of Edinburgh, was instrumental in ensuring her preservation, when he set up the Cutty Sark Society in 1951. The Trust replaced the Society in 2000[4][5]. She is a Grade I listed monument and is on the Buildings At Risk Register. A listed building in the United Kingdom is a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural historical or cultural significance Buildings at Risk Registers exist in several areas of the United Kingdom.

Cutty Sark station on the Docklands Light Railway is one minute's walk away, with connections to central London and the London Underground. Cutty Sark DLR station is a station on the Docklands Light Railway a short distance from the historic Cutty Sark ship in the centre of Greenwich in The Docklands Light Railway (DLR is a Light rail system serving the redeveloped Docklands area of East London England. The London Underground is a Metro system serving a large part of Greater London and neighbouring areas of Essex, Hertfordshire and Buckinghamshire Greenwich Pier is next to the ship, and is served by scheduled river boats from piers in central London. Greenwich Pier is a Pier on the River Thames in the London borough of Greenwich, UK. A pier is a raised Walkway over water supported by widely spread Piles or pillars. A tourist information office stands to the east of the ship.

Conservation and fire

Cutty Sark on fire.
Cutty Sark on fire.

On the morning of 21 May 2007 the Cutty Sark, which had been closed and partly dismantled for conservation work, caught fire, and burned for several hours before the London Fire Brigade could bring the fire under control. Events 878 - Syracuse Italy is captured by the Muslim sultan of Sicily. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The London Fire Brigade ( LFB) is the statutory Initial reports indicated that the damage was extensive, with most of the wooden structure in the centre having been lost. [6]

In an interview the next day, Richard Doughty, the chief executive of the Cutty Sark Trust revealed that at least half of the "fabric" (timbers, etc) of the ship had not been on site as it had been removed during the preservation work. Doughty expressed that the trust was most worried about the state of iron framework to which the fabric was attached. [6] He did not know how much more the ship would cost to restore, but estimated it at an additional £5–10 million, bringing the total cost of the ship's restoration to £30–35 million. [7]

The cause of the fire is as yet unconfirmed. After initial analysis of the CCTV footage of the area suggested the possibility of arson, further investigation over the following days by Scotland Yard failed to find conclusive proof that the fire was set deliberately. New Scotland Yard or Scotland Yard, informally known as The Yard and NSY, is the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police Service, responsible [8] A full report is due to be released in the summer of 2008. [9]

Aerial video footage showed extensive damage, but seemed to indicate that the ship had not been destroyed in its entirety. A fire officer present at the scene said in a BBC interview that when they arrived, there had been "a well-developed fire throughout the ship". The bow section looked to be relatively unscathed and the stern also appeared to have survived without major damage. The stern is the rear or aft part of a Ship or Boat, technically defined as the area built up over the Sternpost, extending upwards from the Counter The fire seemed to have been concentrated in the centre of the ship. [10] The chairman of Cutty Sark Enterprises said after inspecting the site: "The decks are unsalvageable but around 50% of the planking had already been removed; however, the damage is not as bad as originally expected. "

As part of the restoration work planned before the fire, it was proposed that the ship be raised three metres, to allow the construction of a state of the art museum space beneath. This would allow visitors to view her from below. [11]

For a long time, there had been been growing criticism of the policies of the Cutty Sark Trust and its stance that the most important thing was to preserve as much as possible of the original fabric. The fire damage has been put forth as a reason for the Cutty Sark to be rebuilt in a manner that would allow her to put to sea again by proponents of the idea. [12] However, the Cutty Sark Trust have found that less than 5% of the original fabric was lost in the fire, as the decks which were destroyed were non-original additions. There are currently two petitions to the UK Prime Minister, one for funds to restore the ship,[13] and the other for funds to restore the ship into commission as a sail training vessel. [14]

In addition to explaining how and why the ship is being saved, the exhibition features a new film presentation, a re-creation of the master's saloon, and interactive exhibits about the project. Live webcam views of the conservation work allow the visitor to see remotely the work being carried out on the ship.

The design for the renovation project by Grimshaw architects and Buro Happold involves raising the ship out of her dry berth using a Kevlar web, allowing visitors to pass under the hull. Buro Happold is a professional services firm providing Engineering consultancy Design, planning project management and consulting services for all aspects of

Oscar-winning producer Jerry Bruckheimer has aided in the repair and restoration of the Cutty Sark. Jerome Leon Bruckheimer (born September 21, 1945) better known by his professional name Jerry Bruckheimer, is an American film A collection of photos taken by Bruckheimer went on display in London in November 2007 to help raise money for the Cutty Sark Conservation Project. The exhibition featured more than thirty pictures taken on set during the filming of Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End[15]

In January 2008 the Heritage Lottery Fund awarded the Cutty Sark Trust another £10 million towards the restoration of the ship, meaning that the Trust had now achieved £30 million of the £35 million needed for the completion of the project. Pirates of the Caribbean At World's End is a 2007 Adventure film, the third film in the ''Pirates of the Caribbean'' series. [16]

General specifications

The Cutty Sark is one of only three surviving ships of its time that has a composite wrought iron frame structure covered by wooden planking. The technique of composite ship construction (wooden planking over a Wrought iron frame emerged in the mid-19th century as the final stage in the evolution of fast commercial QtubIronPillarJPG|thumb|right| Iron pillar at Delhi India containing 98% wrought iron]] Wrought iron is commercially pure Iron. Steel frame usually refers to a building technique with a " Skeleton frame" of vertical Steel Columns and horizontal I-beams constructed The hull has a Muntz metal coating. Muntz Metal is a form of alpha-beta Brass with about 60% Copper, 40% Zinc and a trace of iron [17]

Bow of the Cutty Sark
Bow of the Cutty Sark
Roman Numerals on stern of the Cutty Sark
Roman Numerals on stern of the Cutty Sark

Yard lengths (after being cut down in Sydney harbour):[18]

References in popular culture

Cutty Sark inspired the name of a brand of whisky. Cutty Sark is a range of blended Scotch whiskies, owned by Berry Brothers & Rudd, the London wine and spirits merchant An image of the ship appears on the label, and the maker formerly sponsored the Cutty Sark Tall Ships' Race. The Tall Ships' Races are races for Sail training "Tall Ships" ( Sailing ships. She also inspired the name of the Saunders Roe Cutty Sark flying boat. Saunders-Roe Limited was a British aero- and marine-engineering company based at Columbine Works East Cowes, Isle of Wight. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck part three-and-a-half: The Cowboy Captain of the Cutty Sark by Don Rosa features the ship herself. The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck is a revisionist Comic book story by Don Rosa about Scrooge Keno Don Hugo Rosa (often just called Don Rosa) (born June 29, 1951) is a comic book writer and illustrator best known for his stories about Scrooge In the award winning science fiction novel Blue Mars, by Kim Stanley Robinson, the Cutty Sark is portrayed sailing in one of the newly created channels on Earth following a major flood bought upon by volcanic activity in Antarctica. Cutty Sark is also mentioned in the song "Single Handed Sailor", performed by Dire Straits. Dire Straits was a British rock band, formed in 1977 by Mark Knopfler (guitar and vocals his brother David Knopfler (guitar

On Thursday 24 May 2007, Jonathan Ross revealed that he had missed the recent BAFTAs and failed to pick up his award because he was on a family trip to Cutty Sark. Events 1218 - The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt. 1276 - Magnus Ladulås is crowned Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Jonathan Stephen Ross OBE (born 17 November 1960 in London, England) is a triple BAFTA -winning British The comments were aired the next day as part of the Jonathan Ross show. A joke was also made as though it was Jonathan himself who burnt down the Cutty Sark.

The following day, during an episode of Have I Got News for You, Paul Merton kept insisting that the Duke of Edinburgh had burnt down the ship, an allusion to the conspiracy theory that the duke was involved in the death of Diana, Princess of Wales. Have I Got News for You is a British television panel show produced by Hat Trick Productions for the BBC. Paul James Martin (born 9 July 1957) better known by the Stage name Paul Merton, is an English Actor, Wit The Duke of Edinburgh is a Dukedom associated with Edinburgh, Scotland. The much-publicised inquest into her death was approaching at this time.

Slightly more obscurely, the magazine of the University of Greenwich student union - the main campus of which is immediately next to the ship, comprising the majority of buildings of the Royal Naval College - is also named after the ship; the Sarky Cutt. The University of Greenwich is a " post-1992 university " located in the London Borough of Greenwich. The Royal Naval College Greenwich is now known as the Old Royal Naval College and is open to visitors

See also

References

  1. ^ "cutty(-ie) sark, a short chemise or undergarment", Dictionary of the Scots Language, accessed 21 May 2007
  2. ^ Dean & Kemp, Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea (Oxford U Press, 2005)
  3. ^ BYM News, accessed 21 May 2007
  4. ^ a b BBC Radio 4 News, 6pm, 22 May 2007
  5. ^ Rebecca Camber, "The £13 doubt over Cutty Sark Sprinklers", Daily Mail, 23 May 2007
  6. ^ a b http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/6675381.stm BBC News Report on the Fire
  7. ^ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/05/22/nsark22.xml Cutty Sark at The Daily Telegraph
  8. ^ Cutty Sark fire remains a mystery
  9. ^ Cutty Sark: refit for purpose
  10. ^ http://news.sky.com/skynews/video/videoplayer/0,,30000-1266673,00.html Sky's Aerial Footage of the blaze site
  11. ^ Cutty Sark - Project 2005-2010 > Conservation Project Background
  12. ^ BYM News May Cutty Sark
  13. ^ Petition for funds for restoration
  14. ^ Petition for funds for restoration as a working sail training vessel
  15. ^ Cutty Sark - Press & Publicity > 23 Nov 07 Cutty Sark's Hollywood photo exhibition
  16. ^ http://www.cuttysark.org.uk/index.cfm?fa=contentNews.newsDetails&newsID=47805&from=list
  17. ^ James Watson, Blaze Guts Cutty Sark, Birmingham Mail, 21 May 2007, p. "Cutty Sark" (Катти Сарк is a Short story ( Novel -kind about the sailing ship Cutty Sark by the Soviet writer and paleontologist For the Scottish waterfalls and wildlife reserve see Falls of Clyde (waterfalls. Star of India was built in 1863 as Euterpe, a full-rigged iron Windjammer ship in Ramsey, Isle of Man. The Tall ships sailing today (listed alphabetically by vessel name A Table of large sailing vessels including sailing mega yachts tall ships sailing crusing ships large sailing military ships The Dictionary of the Scots Language (DSL (Dictionar o the Scots Leid is an online Scots - English dictionary now run by Scottish Language Dictionaries Events 334 BC - The Greek army of Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of the Granicus. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. For "The Daily Telegraph" in Australia see The Daily Telegraph (Australia. 5 (web version)
  18. ^ Sankey J, The Ship Cutty Sark

External links

Coordinates: 51°28′58″N 0°00′35″W / 51.48278, -0.00972

Buildings at Risk Registers exist in several areas of the United Kingdom. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system.
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