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Cupressus
Cupressus sempervirens foliage and cones
Cupressus sempervirens foliage and cones
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Pinophyta
Class: Pinopsida
Order: Pinales
Family: Cupressaceae
Genus: Cupressus
L.
Species

See text

The genus Cupressus is one of several genera within the family Cupressaceae that have the common name cypress; for the others, see cypress (disambiguation). Cupressus sempervirens, the Mediterranean Cypress,(Or Italian Tuscan or Graveyard Cypress or Pencil Pine is a species of cypress native to the eastern Plants are living Organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. The Order Pinales in the Division Pinophyta, Class Pinopsida comprises all the extant Conifers This order was formerly known as the The Cupressaceae or Cypress family is a Conifer family with worldwide distribution Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for A genus (plural genera from Γένος Latin genus "descent family type gender" is a low-level Taxonomic In Biological classification, family ( Latin The Cupressaceae or Cypress family is a Conifer family with worldwide distribution Cypress is the name applied to many Plants in the conifer family Cupressaceae (cypress family

As currently treated, these cypresses are native to scattered localities in mainly warm temperate regions in the northern hemisphere, including western North America, Central America, north-west Africa, the Middle East, the Himalaya, southern China and north Vietnam. The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially They are evergreen trees or large shrubs, growing to 5-40 m tall. In Botany, an Evergreen plant is a plant having leaves all year round A tree is a perennial Woody plant. It is most often defined as a woody plant that has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground on a single main stem or A shrub or Bush is a horticultural rather than strictly botanical category of Woody plant, distinguished from a Tree The leaves are scale-like, 2-6 mm long, arranged in opposite decussate pairs, and persist for 3-5 years. In Botany, a leaf is an above-ground Plant organ specialized for Photosynthesis. On young plants up to 1-2 years old, the leaves are needle-like, 5-15 mm long. The cones are 8-40 mm long, globose or ovoid with 4-14 scales arranged in opposite decussate pairs; they are mature in 18-24 months from pollination. A cone (in formal botanical usage Strobilus, plural strobili is an organ on Plants in the division Pinophyta ( Conifers Pollination in angiosperms and Gymnosperms is the process that transfers pollen grains, which contain the male Gametes (sperm to where the female The seeds are small, 4-7 mm long, with two narrow wings, one along each side of the seed. A seed (in some plants referred to as a kernel) is a small embryonic Plant enclosed in a covering called the seed coat usually with some stored

Many of the species are adapted to forest fires, holding their seeds for many years in closed cones until the parent trees are killed by a fire; the seeds are then released to colonise the bare, burnt ground. A wildfire, also known as a wildland fire, forest fire, brush fire, vegetation fire, grass fire, Peat fire, In other species, the cones open at maturity to release the seeds.

Many species are grown as decorative trees in parks and, in Asia, around temples; in some areas, the native distribution is hard to discern due to extensive cultivation. A temple (from the Latin word Templum) is a structure reserved for religious or spiritual activities such as prayer and sacrifice or analogous rites A few species are grown for their timber, which can be very durable. The fast-growing hybrid Leyland Cypress, much used in gardens, draws one of its parents from this genus (Monterey Cypress C. The Leyland Cypress, X Cupressocyparis leylandii (syn Callitropsis × leylandii) is often referred to as just Leylandii. A garden is a planned space usually outdoors set aside for the display cultivation and enjoyment of Plants and other forms of Nature. Cupressus macrocarpa ( Monterey Cypress, Macrocarpa; syn Callitropsis macrocarpa (Hartw macrocarpa); the other parent, Nootka Cypress, is also sometimes classified in this genus, or else in the separate genus Callitropsis, but in the past more usually in Chamaecyparis. Nootka Cypress ( Callitropsis nootkatensis) formerly Cupressus nootkatensis Xanthocyparis nootkatensis or Chamaecyparis nootkatensis, is Callitropsis ( synonym Xanthocyparis) is a genus of cypresses in the family Cupressaceae, with several native to North America Chamaecyparis is genus of conifers in the family Cupressaceae, native to eastern Asia and western and eastern North America The cypress is a common tree/shrub in household and public gardens in India (called locally Hindi: मोरपंखी, lit. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Hindi ( Devanāgarī: hi [[wiktहिन्दी हिन्दी]] or hi [[wiktहिंदी हिंदी]] IAST:, IPA:) is , peacock-feathered).

Contents

Species

The number of species recognised within this genus varies sharply, from 16 to 25 or more according to the authority followed. This is because most populations are small and isolated, and it is difficult to be sure whether they should be accorded specific, subspecific or varietal rank. In Biology, a species is one of the basic units of Biological classification and a Taxonomic rank. In Zoology, as in other branches of Biology, subspecies is the Taxonomic rank immediately subordinate to a Species. In Botanical nomenclature or biological nomenclature variety is a low-level Taxonomic rank below that of species and signifies members of different populations can Current tendencies are to reduce the number of recognised species; when a narrow species concept is adopted, the varieties indented in the list below may also be accepted as distinct species. See also the New World species (below) for a likely split in the genus in the future.

Old World species

The Old World cypresses tend to have cones with more scales (8-14 scales, rarely 6 in C. funebris), each scale with a short broad ridge, not a spike. Cupressus sempervirens is the type species of the genus, defining the name Cupressus.

New World species

Cupressus lusitanica foliage and cones
Cupressus lusitanica foliage and cones

The New World cypresses tend to have cones with fewer scales (4-8 scales, rarely more in C. Cupressus funebris ( Chinese Weeping Cypress) is a species of cypress native to southwestern and central China. UserPolbot. --> Cupressus gigantea is a species of Conifer in the Cupressaceae family The conservation status of a Species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species remaining extant either in the present day or the near future Cupressus sempervirens, the Mediterranean Cypress,(Or Italian Tuscan or Graveyard Cypress or Pencil Pine is a species of cypress native to the eastern The Himalayan cypress ( Cupressus torulosa) is a Species of cypress. macrocarpa), each scale with an often prominent narrow spike. Recent genetic evidence (Little et al. , November 2004) shows that they are less closely related to the Old World cypresses than previously thought, being more closely related to Callitropsis and Juniperus than to the rest of Cupressus. Callitropsis ( synonym Xanthocyparis) is a genus of cypresses in the family Cupressaceae, with several native to North America Junipers are Coniferous plants in the genus Juniperus of the cypress family Cupressaceae. These species have very recently (Little 2006) been transferred to Callitropsis.


References

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