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An 1841 engraving of Cumorah (looking south), where Joseph Smith said he was given Golden Plates by an angel named Moroni, on the west side, near the peak.
An 1841 engraving of Cumorah (looking south), where Joseph Smith said he was given Golden Plates by an angel named Moroni, on the west side, near the peak. In Latter Day Saint theology the golden plates (also called the gold plates or in some 19th century literature the golden Bible

Cumorah (also called Mormon Hill) is a drumlin near Manchester, New York, where Joseph Smith, Jr. said he found a set of golden plates which he translated and published as the Book of Mormon. A drumlin (Irish droimnín, a little hill ridge is an elongated whale-shaped Hill formed by glacial action Manchester is a Town in Ontario County, New York, USA. The population was 9258 at the 2000 census New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous In Latter Day Saint theology the golden plates (also called the gold plates or in some 19th century literature the golden Bible The Book of Mormon is a Sacred text of the churches in the Latter Day Saint movement.

The hill Cumorah is also a place described in the Book of Mormon where it says that two hundred fifty thousand Nephite soldiers were killed in a final battle with the Lamanites, and where centuries earlier, the last battle of the Jaredites took place, which destroyed their civilization. The Book of Mormon is a Sacred text of the churches in the Latter Day Saint movement. The Nephites are the De facto protagonists of the Book of Mormon. According to the The Book of Mormon, a Lamanite is a member of one of four main groups described in the book The Jaredites are a people written of in the Book of Mormon, principally in the Book of Ether. The Nephites called the hill "Cumorah", and the Jaredites called the hill "Ramah" and "Shim".

Mormon researchers have debated whether the hill discussed in the Book of Mormon is the same as the drumlin in New York or whether it was located somewhere in Mesoamerica or elsewhere. TalkMormon#Latter Day Saint vs Latter-day Saint --> Mormon Mesoamerica or Meso-America (Mesoamérica is a Region extending approximately from central Mexico to Honduras and Nicaragua, defined Given the information provided in the text of the Book of Mormon itself, it seems reasonable to conclude that the latter is named in honor of the former, perhaps by Moroni in memory of his slain Nephite brethren. Mainstream scholars have not expressed opinions on the matter because there is generally no mainstream academic support for the historicity of the Book of Mormon.

Contents

New York

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints Visitors Center at Hill Cumorah
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints
Visitors Center at Hill Cumorah
The statue of Moroni atop Hill Cumorah in Western New York.
The statue of Moroni atop Hill Cumorah in Western New York.

The hill Cumorah in western New York (coordinates: 43°00′N 77°13′W / 43, -77.217 (Hill Cumorah in Western New York)) is where Smith said he discovered the golden plates which contained the writings of the Book of Mormon. In Latter Day Saint theology the golden plates (also called the gold plates or in some 19th century literature the golden Bible The Book of Mormon is a Sacred text of the churches in the Latter Day Saint movement. Smith wrote: "On the west side of this hill, not far from the top, under a stone of considerable size, lay the plates, deposited in a stone box. "[1]

Smith visited the hill each year on 22 September between 1823 and 1827 and claimed to be instructed by "holy messengers", including Moroni. Events 66 - Emperor Nero creates the Legion I Italica. 1236 - The Lithuanians This article is about the mythological Moroni from the Book of Mormon. [1] Smith said he was finally allowed to take the record on September 22, 1827. Events 66 - Emperor Nero creates the Legion I Italica. 1236 - The Lithuanians Year 1827 ( MDCCCXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common [1] No one else saw the plates until June 1829, when twelve other men claim to have seen them. The Book of Mormon witnesses are a group of contemporaries of Joseph Smith Jr [2]

The hill (which was then unnamed) stood only a few miles from Joseph Smith's home and sat on a farm that was owned by a local farmer, Alonzo Sanders. This farm is four miles (6 km) south of Palmyra, and was on the main road toward Canandaigua from Palmyra to Manchester and is not far from Carangrie Creek and the Clyde River. Palmyra is a Town in Wayne County, New York, USA. The population was 7672 at the 2000 census Canandaigua ( Utaˀnaráhkhwaˀ in Tuscarora) is a City in Ontario County, New York According to geologists, the hill was formed during the retreat of the Ice Age glaciers and it rises approximately 110 feet (34 m) above the surrounding valley floor. An ice age is a period of long-term reduction in the Temperature of the Earth 's surface and atmosphere resulting in an expansion of continental Ice sheets

Although Mormons have called the hill "Cumorah" since 1829, the hill was called "Mormon Hill" or "Mormon Bible Hill" by locals prior to the purchase of the hill in the 1920s by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints under the direction of church president Heber J. Grant. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the fourth largest Christian denomination in the United States and the largest and most well-known In the Latter Day Saint movement, the President of the Church is generally considered to be the highest office of the church Heber Jeddy Grant ( November 22, 1856 &ndash May 14, 1945) was the seventh president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day The transaction involved two separate purchases — the purchase of the "Inglis farm" and the purchase of the "Sexton farm. " The Inglis farm consisted of ninety-six acres on both sides of the Canandaigua–Palmyra road and encompassed one third of the western edge of the hill. The acre is a unit of Area in a number of different systems including the imperial and U The 187-acre (0. 76 km²) Sexton farm was purchased from the heirs of Pliny T. Sexton, who owned the "Mormon Hill Farm" which encompassed the remainder of the hill.

Book of Mormon

Nephites

In the Book of Mormon, Cumorah is mentioned in six verses, five in Chapter 6 and one in Chapter 8 of the Book of Mormon. The Book of Mormon is the name of a book or division in the larger Book of Mormon. According to the Book of Mormon, Mormon is the caretaker of the record of his people. Mormon (ˈmɔrmən is a prophet in The Book of Mormon after whom the book is named According to the Book of Mormon, the plates of Nephi, consisting of the large plates of Nephi and the small plates of Nephi, are a portion of the collection His people, called the Nephites, were near to being destroyed by the Lamanites who had had many previous wars with the Nephites. The Nephites are the De facto protagonists of the Book of Mormon. According to the The Book of Mormon, a Lamanite is a member of one of four main groups described in the book Mormon wrote to the leader of the Lamanites to ask that he may gather his "people unto the land of Cumorah, by a hill which was called Cumorah, and there we could give them battle. "[3] Cumorah is described as being in a land with "many waters, rivers, and fountains". [4]

The leader of the Lamanites agreed, and all of the Nephites gathered together, including their women and children. Mormon wrote, "And when three hundred and eighty and four years had passed away [since the sign of the birth of Christ], we had gathered in all the remainder of our people unto the land of Cumorah. "[5] Mormon then hid all of the records of his people in the hill, except for the plates that he was currently writing on, which he gave to his son Moroni. This article is about the mythological Moroni from the Book of Mormon. [6]

The Lamanites then attacked the Nephites, who were led by twenty-three men each with ten-thousand men under their command. [7] After the battle was finished, "even all my people, save it were those twenty and four who were with me", except for those who fled to the south or defected to the Lamanites. [8] The usage of "ten-thousand men" in relation to those who were killed may or may not have included the women and children.

Mormon then records his mourning for his people and a last message to those who will read his record later, then again turns the records over to his son Moroni. Moroni records, "after the great and tremendous battle at Cumorah, behold, the Nephites who had escaped into the country southward were hunted by the Lamanites, until they were all destroyed. And my father also was killed by them, and I even remain alone to write the sad tale of the destruction of my people. "[9]

Jaredites

This hill known as "Cumorah" among the Nephites was called "Shim" and "Ramah" by the Jaredites:

In the Book of Mormon, during the time of the Book of Alma, this land (of Cumorah) was part of the land of Desolation, "the land which had been peopled and been destroyed, of whose bones we have spoken". The Jaredites are a people written of in the Book of Mormon, principally in the Book of Ether. The Book of Alma is one of the books that make up the Book of Mormon. This land is identified as being north of the land of Zarahemla. According to the Book of Mormon, the Land of Zarahemla (popularly attributed to Biblical Hebrew זֶרַע חֶמְלָה Zéraʻ Ḥemlā "seed of [10]

Moroni lived several years after recording the destruction of his people. He translated and abridged the plates which were the record of the Jaredites as the Book of Ether on to the plates that he was keeping. The Jaredites are a people written of in the Book of Mormon, principally in the Book of Ether. The Book of Ether is one of the books that make up The Book of Mormon. During this process, he wrote, "Omer . . . passed by the hill of Shim, and came over by the place where the Nephites were destroyed,"[11] and ". . . it came to pass that the army of Coriantumr did pitch their tents by the hill Ramah; and it was that same hill where my father Mormon did hide up the records unto the Lord, which were sacred. According to the Book of Mormon, Coriantumr is the name of three figures that appear in the book's narrative "[12] These pasages identified the hill Cumorah as the same hill where the Jaredites had fought their final battle.

Archaeology

There has been discussion within the Latter Day Saint movement about whether the hill in New York is the same as the place mentioned in the Book of Mormon, or if the hill in New York was only given the same name in order to honor it as the hiding place of the plates when Smith found them. Please see the talk page for this article and the "See also" list before adding content or adding a hyphen to Latter Day Saint The LDS Church has not conducted any on-site archaeological research at the New York hill.

New York hill

At least 10 different secondhand accounts refer to a certain cave and events that occurred at the hill in New York. [13] According to one of these accounts by Brigham Young, Smith and Oliver Cowdery went to the hill which opened up and they walked into a cave where there was a large and spacious room filled with wagon loads of metallic plates. Brigham Young (June 1 1801 &ndash August 29 1877 was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement. Oliver Hervy Pliny Cowdery ( 3 October 1806 – 3 March 1850) was the primary participant with Joseph Smith Jr The Sword of Laban was on a large table upon which Smith placed the golden plates. This article is about Laban a person in The Book of Mormon. For other uses see Laban. [14] The wording of this account and the fact that no such room at the New York hill has been found may imply that the events described occurred in a vision rather than physically,[15] and because archaeological evidence doesn't appear to support the theory that the events described in the Book of Mormon occurred near the hill Cumorah in New York, some have accordingly interpreted this account as a vision.

Cerro Vigia

LDS scholars have proposed the "Cerro Vigia" (coordinates: 18°33′N 95°11′W / 18.55, -95.183 (Cerro Vigia)) in Veracruz, Mexico, as the hill Cumorah in the Book of Mormon for a variety of reasons. Veracruz, formally Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave is one of the 31 states that constitute the republic of Mexico. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. The Book of Mormon is a Sacred text of the churches in the Latter Day Saint movement. John L. Sorenson has listed 15 cultural criteria (based on contextual clues from the text of the Book of Mormon) for the hill Cumorah. They are: cities, towers, agriculture, metallurgy, formal political states, organized religion, idolatry, crafts, trade, writing, weaponry, astronomy, calendar systems, cement, and wheels. He says that the hill in New York at least partly fits four of these requirements while the "Cerro Vigia" meets all of them. [16]

Theorized origin of the name

Close-up of 1808 map of Africa with the small Comoros islands labelled "Camora" (near center, just below marked line of latitude)
Close-up of 1808 map of Africa with the small Comoros islands labelled "Camora" (near center, just below marked line of latitude)

Some scholars have theorized that Smith created the name "Cumorah" through his study of the treasure-hunting stories of Captain William Kidd. William " Captain " Kidd ( c 1645 &ndash May 23, 1701) was a Scottish sailor remembered for his [17] Because Kidd was said to have buried treasure in the Comoros islands, it has been suggested that Smith used the name of the islands and applied it to the hill where he found buried treasure—the golden plates. The Comoros (ˈkɒməroʊz; جزر القمر Juzur al-Qumur) officially the Union of the Comoros (Union des Comores الإتّحاد القمريّ In Latter Day Saint theology the golden plates (also called the gold plates or in some 19th century literature the golden Bible [18] Complementing this proposal is the theory that Smith borrowed the name of a settlement in the Comoros—Moroni—and applied it to the angel which led him to the golden plates. For other places people and things with the same name see Moroni Moroni (in Arabic موروني Mūrūnī) is the largest

Latter-day Saint apologists have argued that this line of argument commits the logical error of appeal to probability; they also point out that it is unlikely that Smith had access to material which would have referred to the then-small settlement of Moroni. The appeal to probability is a Logical fallacy. It assumes that because something could happen it is inevitable that it will happen [19]

Pageant

See also: "And it Came to Pass" Pageant, Easter Pageant and Mormon Miracle Pageant

Currently, the 283-acre (1. The Oakland California Temple (formerly the Oakland Temple) is the 15th constructed and 13th operating temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The Mesa Arizona Temple (formerly the Arizona Temple) is the seventh operating temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The Mormon Miracle Pageant is a Latter-day Saint Pageant (an annual outdoor theatrical Performance) held in Manti, Utah. 15 km²) site near Palmyra, New York hosts the annual "Hill Cumorah Pageant. Palmyra is a Town in Wayne County, New York, USA. The population was 7672 at the 2000 census " This large, outdoor Latter-day Saint Pageant typically occurs in early July and is free to the public. A Latter-day Saint pageant is an annual outdoor theatrical performance produced by members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

Notes

  1. ^ a b c See "Testimony of the Prophet Joseph Smith", found inside most Books of Mormon printed after 1980.
  2. ^ Richard Lyman Bushman, Joseph Smith: Rough Stone Rolling (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2005) p. 79.
  3. ^ Mormon 6:2
  4. ^ Mormon 6:4.
  5. ^ Mormon 6:4-5
  6. ^ Mormon 6:6
  7. ^ Mormon 6:9-14
  8. ^ Mormon 6:15
  9. ^ Mormon 8:2-3
  10. ^ Alma 22:30-32
  11. ^ Ether 9:3
  12. ^ Ether 15:11
  13. ^ Packer, Cameron J (2004). "Cumorah's Cave". Journal of Book of Mormon Studies 13 (1): pp. 50-7. Maxwell Institute.  
  14. ^ Journal of Discourses 19: 38
  15. ^ Tvedtnes, John A (1990). "Little Known Evidences of the Book of Mormon". FARMS Review of Books 2 (1): pp. 258-59. Maxwell Institute.   Tvedtnes discusses the geologic impossibility of a cave existing within the hill, and suggests that the accounts given were actually referring to a vision. Within the cave were many historical records on plates and other artifacts, including the Sword of Laban and Urim and Thummim. This article is about Laban a person in The Book of Mormon. For other uses see Laban. In ancient Israelite religion and culture Urim and Thummim (האורים והתומים Standard   haʾUrim vəhaTummim Such a cave would not typically exist within a drumlin, and no cave has been found there. The vision or cave could be linked to hills in Meso-America - which is current theory on Book of Mormon archaeology. Mesoamerica or Meso-America (Mesoamérica is a Region extending approximately from central Mexico to Honduras and Nicaragua, defined Since the introduction of the Book of Mormon in 1830 both Mormon and non-Mormon archaeologists have studied its claims in reference to known archaeological evidence
  16. ^ Taken from the Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies (FARMS), The Land of the Nephites under the heading, "Book of Mormon Criteria. The Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies ( FARMS) is an informal collaboration of academics devoted to Mormon historical scholarship "
  17. ^ See, e. g. , Ronald V. Huggins, "From Captain Kidd's Treasure Ghost to the Angel Moroni: Changin Dramatis Personae in Early Mormonism", Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought, 36:4 (Winter 2003) pp. 17-42.
  18. ^ Prior to 1830, most maps and gazateers referred to the Comoros as "Comora". The 1830 first edition of the Book of Mormon printed the name "Cumorah" as "Camorah".
  19. ^ FAIR LDS Wiki, Comoros Islands and Moroni.

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