Cryosurgery (cryotherapy) is the application of extreme cold to destroy abnormal or diseased tissue. [1] The term comes from the Greek words cryo (κρύο) ("icy cold") and surgery (cheirourgiki - χειρουργική) meaning "hand work" or "handiwork".
Cryosurgery is used to treat a number of diseases and disorders, especially a variety of benign and malignant skin conditions. In Medicine, a dermatosis is a generic term for disease of the skin. [2]
Warts, moles, skin tags, solar keratoses, and small skin cancers are candidates for cryosurgical treatment. A wart (also known as verruca) is generally a small rough Tumor, typically on hands and feet but often other locations that can resemble a Cauliflower A mole, technically known as a melanocytic Nevus, is a small dark spot on human Skin. An acrochordon (aka skin tag, pedunculated papilloma, or fibroepithelial polyp) is a small Benign Tumor that forms primarily in Actinic keratosis (also called solar keratosis, or AK) is a Premalignant condition of thick scaly or crusty patches of skin Skin cancer is a Malignant growth on the Skin which can have many causes Several internal disorders are also treated with cryosurgery, including liver cancer, prostate cancer, cervical disorders and, more commonly in the past, hemorrhoids. Internal medicine is the medical specialty concerned with the diagnosis management and nonsurgical treatment of unusual or serious diseases Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC also called hepatoma) is a primary malignancy (cancer of the Liver. The cervix (from Latin "neck" is the lower narrow portion of the Uterus where it joins with the top end of the Vagina. Hemorrhoids ( AmE) haemorrhoids ( BrE) emerods, or piles are varicosities or swelling and Inflammation Although found to be effective, this method of treatment is only appropriate for use against localized disease with no metastasis. Metastasis ( Greek: displacement μετά=next + στάσις=placement, plural metastases) sometimes abbreviated mets,
Cryosurgery works by taking advantage of the destructive force of freezing temperatures on cells. The cell is the structural and functional unit of all known living Organisms It is the smallest unit of an organism that is classified as living and is often called At low temperatures, ice crystals form inside the cells, which can tear them apart. Ice crystals - small crystalline form of Ice including hexagonal columns hexagonal plates dendritic crystals and Diamond dust. More damage occurs when blood vessels supplying the diseased tissue freeze. The blood vessels are part of the Circulatory system and function to transport Blood throughout the body
The most common method of freezing lesions is using liquid nitrogen as the cooling solution. Liquid nitrogen (liquid density at the Triple point is 0707 g/mL is the liquid produced industrially in large quantities by Fractional distillation of The super-cooled liquid may be sprayed on the diseased tissue, circulated through a tube called a cryoprobe, or simply dabbed on with a cotton or foam swab. Less frequently, doctors use carbon dioxide "snow" formed into a cylinder or mixed with acetone to form a slush that is applied directly to the treated tissue. Carbon dioxide ( Chemical formula:) is a Chemical compound composed of two Oxygen Atoms covalently bonded to a single Acetone (also known as propanone, dimethyl ketone, 2-propanone, propan-2-one and β-ketopropane) is a colorless mobile flammable Recent advances in technology have allowed for the use of argon gas to drive ice formation using a principle known as the Joule-Thomson effect. This article pertains to the chemical element For other uses see Argon (disambiguation. In Physics, the Joule–Thomson effect or Joule–Kelvin effect describes the Temperature change of a gas or liquid when it is forced through a Valve This gives physicians excellent control of the ice, and minimizing complications using ultra-thin 17 gauge cryoneedles. The Stubs Iron Wire Gauge system (also known as the Birmingham Wire Gauge) is used in Medicine to measure the Diameter of Hypodermic needles
Cryosurgery is a minimally invasive procedure, and is often preferred to more traditional kinds of surgery because of its minimal pain, scarring, and cost; however, as with any medical treatment, there are risks involved, primarily that of damage to nearby healthy tissue. Minimally invasive surgical procedures avoid open invasive surgery in favor of closed or local surgery with less trauma Damage to nerve tissue is of particular concern. A nerve is an enclosed cable-like bundle of peripheral Axons (the long slender projections of Neurons.
Patients undergoing cryosurgery usually experience minor-to-moderate localized pain and redness, which can be alleviated by oral administration of an analgesic such as aspirin, ibuprofen or acetaminophen (paracetamol). Aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid (ASA (əˌsɛtɨlsælɨˌsɪlɨk ˈæsɨd is a Salicylate drug, often used as an Analgesic to relieve Ibuprofen ( INN) (ˌaɪbjuːˈpɹəʊfɛn (from the now outdated nomenclature i so- bu tyl- pro panoic- phen olic acid is a Non-steroidal Paracetamol ( INN) (ˌpærəˈsiːtəmɒl -ˈsɛtə- or acetaminophen ( USAN) is a widely-used Analgesic and Antipyretic Medication Blisters may form, but these usually scab over and peel away within several days. A blister is a small pocket of fluid within the upper layers of the skin
See also
References
Cryotherapy is the use of cold in a variety of modalities to treat a medical condition Electrosurgery is the application of a high-frequency electric current to human (or other animal tissue as a means to remove Lesions, Staunch bleeding or cut tissueDictionary
cryosurgery
-noun
- (medicine) The use of a probe containing liquid nitrogen to freeze and thus destroy tissue.
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