Crown jewels are jewels or artifacts of the reigning royal family of their respective country. They belong to the sovereign and are passed to the next sovereign to symbolize the right to rule. They usually include one or more crowns, scepters, orbs, swords, and/or rings. A crown is the traditional Symbolic form of Headgear worn by a Monarch or by a Deity, for whom the crown traditionally represents power A sceptre or scepter is a symbolic ornamental staff held by a ruling Monarch, a prominent item of royal Regalia. The globus cruciger ( Latin, "cross-bearing orb" is an orb (lat Jewellery (also spelled jewelry, see spelling differences) is a personal Ornament, such as a necklace ring or bracelet made from Gemstones See also: regalia. Regalia is Latin Plurale tantum for the privileges and the insignia characteristic of a Sovereign.
Africa
Burundi
The traditional emblem of the Mwami (king) was the Karyenda drum. Mwami (IPAmwɑmi/mŋɑmi is the chiefly title in Kirundi and Kinyarwanda, the Congolese Nande and Bashi languages Luhya in Kenya The Karyenda is a traditional African Drum was the main traditional symbol of Burundi and its Mwami ( kings. These holy drums were kept at special drum-sanctuaries throughout the country and were brought out for special ceremonies only. One such place is in Gitega, location of the ibwami royal court. Gitega (formerly Kitega) is the second largest city in Burundi, lying east of Bujumbura.
Central African Republic
See Emperor Bokassa and the Central African Empire. An emperor (from the Latin " Imperator " is a (male Monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an Empire or another type of Jean-Bédel Bokassa (ʒɑ̃ bedɛl bɔkasa 22 February 1921 &ndash 3 November 1996) also known as Bokassa I of Central Africa The Central African Empire (Empire Centrafricain was the name of the short-lived self-declared autocratic Monarchy that replaced the Central African Republic
Egypt
- Ancient Egypt
The treasures of the Pharaohs can be seen in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo and in other museums throughout the world. Pharaoh is the title given in modern parlance to the ancient Egyptian kings of all periods The Museum of Egyptian Antiquities, known commonly as the Egyptian Museum, in Cairo, Egypt, is home to the most extensive collection of Ancient Cairo () which means "the Vanquisher" or "the Triumphant" is the capital and largest city of Egypt.
- Kingdom of Egypt
Most of the Crown Jewels of the Mehmet Ali Dynasty are at the Museum at Abdin Palace in Cairo. Mehmet Ali may refer to Mehmet (Muhammad Ali (1769–1849 viceroy of Egypt Mehemed Emin Aali Pasha (1815–1871 Turkish statesman A dynasty is a succession of rulers who belong to the same family for generations Construction Construction started in 1863 and continued for 10 years but the palace was officially inaugurated in 1874
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Ethiopia
Many of the crown jewels of Ethiopia are in Axum. NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page Axum, or Aksum, is a City in northern Ethiopia named after the Kingdom of Aksum, a naval and trading power that ruled from the region ca Various monarchs gave their crowns to the Cathedral of St. Mary of Zion there. However, other monarchs have given their crowns and other regalia to various other churches. The Crown Jewels used at the coronation of Emperor Haile Selassie are kept at the museum in the National Palace (formerly the Jubilee Palace) in Addis Ababa. Haile Selassie I ( Ge'ez: am ኃይለ፡ ሥላሴ "Power of the Trinity " 23 July 1892 &ndash 27 August 1975 born Tafari Makonnen, was Addis Ababa (sometimes spelled Addis Abeba, the spelling used by the official Ethiopian Mapping Authority Amharic
Ghana and Cameroon
The symbol of the royal power of the Asantehene (ruler of the Ashanti) is the sacred Golden Stool, the Sika 'dwa. The Ashanti Empire or Asante Empire, also known as the Ashanti Confederacy or Asanteman (independent from 1701-1896 was a pre-colonial West Rulers of the Akan state of Asanteman (Empire of Ashanti Territory comprised part of present-day southern Ghana and portions of present-day eastern Ashanti, or Asante, are a major Ethnic group of Ashanti Region in Ghana. According to legend Okomfo Anokye (High Priest and one of the two chief founders of the Asante Confederacy caused the famous Asante royal throne known as the Golden Stool According to legend Okomfo Anokye (High Priest and one of the two chief founders of the Asante Confederacy caused the famous Asante royal throne known as the Golden Stool It is used for the coronation and symbolizes the power of the Ashanti. Ashanti, or Asante, are a major Ethnic group of Ashanti Region in Ghana. It is kept alongside with other royal regalia at the Royal Palace in Kumasi. Kumasi is a City in southern central Ghana. It is located near the Lake Bosomtwe, in the Rain Forest Region about 250 km (by road
Nigeria
The Nigerian Royal Regalia is normally kept in the capital city of the respective state. Nigeria is a Federal republic. It has a plethora of many monarchies and kingdoms some which had a huge significance in the History of Nigeria, before they See also List of Nigerian traditional states. There are hundreds of traditional states in Nigeria. These include Abeokuta Abouja Adamawa
List of some of the kingdoms Abeokuta - Adamawa - Benin - Borno - Edo - Fika (Nigeria)|Fika - Gombe - Ibadan - Ijebu - Ile Ife - Ilorin - Jos - Kano - Katsina - Lagos - Onitsha - Oshogbo - Oyo - Sokoto - Tiv - Warri - Zaria (Zazzau) - Zamfara
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Arochukwu
Rwanda
Close to the old capital of Butare lies the nearby Nyabisindu, formerly known as Nyanza, the traditional seat of Rwanda’s monarchy. Abeokuta is a city in Ogun State in southwest Nigeria and is situated at, on the Ogun River; 64 miles north of Lagos by railway or 81 The Benin Empire or Edo Empire (1440-1897 was a large pre-colonial African state of modern Nigeria. Borno may refer to Borno Italy Borno State, Nigeria Kanem-Bornu Empire literally bay - Door, " Estuary " edo once also spelled Yedo or Yeddo, is the Ibadan (Ìlú Èbá-Ọdàn the town at the junction the savannah and the forest the Capital of Oyo State, is the third largest city Ijebu (also known as Jebu or Geebu) was a Yoruba kingdom in pre-colonial Nigeria. Ife (Ifè also Ilé-Ifẹ̀) is an ancient Yoruba City in south-western Nigeria. Ilorin is one of the largest cities in Nigeria and is the capital of Kwara State. Jos is a city in Nigeria's middle belt and is the administrative capital of Plateau State. Kano is the administrative center of the Kano State and the third largest City in Nigeria, in terms Katsina is also an alternative spelling the Pueblo religious practices of Kachina. Lagos ( pron ˈleɪgɒs or /ˈlɑːgoʊs/ overseas is the most populous Conurbation in Nigeria with Onitsha is a City, commercial centre and River port on the eastern bank of the Niger river in Anambra State, southeast Nigeria Osogbo or Oshogbo is a city in Nigeria and is the capital of Osun State. The Sokoto Caliphate is an Islamic spiritual community in Nigeria, led by the Sultan of Sokoto, Sa’adu Abubakar. The Tiv are an Ethno-linguistic group or ethnic nation in West Africa. Warri is a Major Oil city in Delta State, Nigeria, with a population in the range of over a million people Zaria is a major city in Kaduna State in Northern Nigeria. First known as Zazzau it was one of the original seven Hausa city-states. Local Government Areas Zamfara State is comprised of 14 Local Government Areas. Butare is a city (population 77000 as of August 2002 in the South Province of Rwanda and capital of Huye district. Nyanza (also known as Nyabisindu) is a town located in Nyanza (district in the Southern Province of Rwanda. The Kingdom of Banyarwanda (also known as the Kingdom of Rwanda) was founded in the 15th century by a Pastoral tribe the Tutsi, occupying approximately The Royal Palace at Nyanza, a domed construction made with traditional materials, has been restored to its 19th century state and is now maintained as a museum. Materials are physical Substances used as inputs to production or Manufacturing. Further historical artifacts are kept at the National Museum of Rwanda|National Museum in Butare.
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South Africa
- Zulu Kingdom
Tanzania
Uganda
There are several kingdoms in Uganda. The Zulu ( IsiZulu: amaZulu) are the largest South African ethnic group of an estimated 10-11 million people who live mainly in the province of KwaZulu-Natal Zanzibar ( is part of the East African republic of Tanzania. It consists of the Zanzibar Archipelago in the A monarchy is a Form of government in which supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in an individual who is the Head of state, often for life or The Republic of Uganda is a Landlocked country in East Africa. During the upheavals after gaining independence, the monarchies were abolished. Independence is the Self-government of a Nation, Country, or State by its residents and population or some portion thereof generally exercising Only in the 1990s were the various kings restored to their thrones. Although they do not wield any political powers anymore, they are still a symbol of unity and continuance to their people. The royal regalia normally consisted of the Royal Drums, and are kept at the various palaces in the capital cities of the Ugandan states. See Ugandan Royal Regalia.
The kingdoms Ankole - Buganda - Bunyoro - Busoga - Toro
Asia
Burma
The treasures of Burma´s Konbaung Dynasty are kept in the National Museum in Yangon. For the breed of cattle see Ankole-Watusi (cattle. Ankole, also referred to as Nkore, is one of four traditional kingdoms in Buganda is the kingdom of the Baganda people the largest of the traditional kingdoms in present-day Uganda. Bunyoro is a region of Uganda, and from the sixteenth to the nineteenth century one of the most powerful kingdoms of East Africa. This article is about the Busoga kingdom and region For the language see Lusoga, and for the people see Basoga. Toro is one of the four traditional kingdoms located within the borders of Uganda. Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. The Konbaung Dynasty ( 1752 - 1885) sometimes called the Alaungpaya Dynasty or the House of Alompra by the British colonial rulers was the last Yangon (also known as Rangoon) is the largest city and a former capital of Burma. They include items such as the Sihasana Pallanka (Great Lion Throne), and various other items. Graph Rewriting and Transformation ( GReAT) is a Model Transformation Language (MTL for Model Integrated Computing available in the GME environment Other items can be seen in the old capital city of Mandalay. Mandalay is the second largest city and the last royal capital of Burma (Myanmar and is the economic and cultural hub of Upper Burma
Brunei
The royal regalia of Brunei are kept in the Royal Regalia Building, which was completed in 1992, in Bandar Seri Begawan. Brunei Darussalam, (bruːˈnaɪ in English officially the State of Brunei Abode of Peace (Negara Brunei Darussalam Jawi: برني دارالسلام Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) Bandar Seri Begawan, (Bandar Seri Begawan Jawi: بندر سري بگاوان) estimated population 27285 (as of 2002 is the Capital and largest Also housed are the Royal Chariot, the gold and silver ceremonial armoury and the jewel-encrusted crowns.
China
The most important item for the assumption of the throne were the Imperial Seals, which gave the emperor the mandate of heaven authority. The Mandate of Heaven (天命 Pīnyīn: Tiānmìng is a traditional Chinese philosophical concept concerning the legitimacy of rulers These are kept either in the Forbidden City or the National Palace Museum. The Forbidden City was the Chinese imperial Palace from the mid- Ming Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty. The National Palace Museum ( is an art museum in Taipei City, Republic of China, in northern Taiwan. Numerous crowns, robes, jewels and headwear made especially for coronations and other official events. They usually contain very large Manchurian pearls and most date from the Qing Dynasty. Not to be confused with Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of Imperial China
Indonesia
Indonesia has various kingdoms and sultanates, all with their own unique history. The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. A monarchy is a Form of government in which supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in an individual who is the Head of state, often for life or Sultan (سلطان is an Islamic title with several historical meanings The most known royal courts are distributed amongst the islands of Java, Madura, Bali, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Sumbawa. Java (Jawa is an Island of Indonesia and the site of its Capital city Jakarta. Madura is an Indonesian island off the northeastern coast of Java. Bali is an Indonesian Island located at, the westernmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to Sumatra (also spelled Sumatera) is the sixth largest island in the world (approximately 470000 km² and is the largest island entirely in Indonesia (two In most languages in the world the term Kalimantan refers to the Indonesian portion of the island of Borneo, while for Indonesians the name "Kalimantan" Sulawesi (formerly known as Celebes, ˈsɛlɛbiz is one of the four larger Sunda Islands of Indonesia and is situated between Borneo and the Sumbawa is an Indonesian Island, located in the middle of the Lesser Sunda Islands chain with Lombok to the west Flores to the east There are 23 royal courts or more which still exist today, headed either by a sultan or a ruler. Sultan (سلطان is an Islamic title with several historical meanings A ruler, or rule, is an instrument used in Geometry, Technical drawing and engineering/building to measure distances and/or to rule straight Although today only HM the Sultan of Yogyakarta wields any political influence as the governor. Majesty is an English word derived ultimately from the Latin Maiestas, meaning Greatness. Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono is part of the title of the Sultan who rules Yogyakarta Sultanate in Yogyakarta Special Region of Indonesia. A governor is a governing official usually the executive (at least nominally to different degrees also politically and administratively of a non-sovereign level of government In Indonesia the royal courts are either called Kraton or istana. Kraton is the Javanese word for a royal Palace. Its name is derived from ratu, which means "queen" Istana is a Malay and Indonesian word meaning Palace. Notable Istanas Istana Negara, the official residence Below are some of them listed:
Kraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat and Puro Pakualaman;
- Surakarta (Solo)
Kraton Surakarta Hadiningrat and Puro Mangkunegaraan;
Kraton Kasepuhan of Cirebon, Kraton Kanoman, and Kraton Kacirebonan;
Kraton Sumenep;
Istana Siak;
Istana Palembang Darussalam;
Istana Maimun of Kesultanan Deli;
Istana Amantubillah Mempawah, and Istana Alwatzkubillah;
Kutai of Tenggarong;
Istana Bima;
Istana Saoraja of Bone and Istana Balla Lompoa of Gowa. The Special Region of Yogyakarta ( Indonesian: Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, or DIY) is the smallest province of Indonesia (excluding Surakarta (colloquially Solo) is an Indonesian city of approximately 500000 people located in Central Java. West Java (Jawa Barat with population around 3572 million is the most populous province of Indonesia, located on Java Island. Cirebon (formerly referred to as Cheribon in English is a City on the north coast of the Indonesian island of Java. Madura is an Indonesian island off the northeastern coast of Java. Riau is a province of Indonesia, located in the center of Sumatra Island along the Strait of Malacca. Palembang is a city of 1286000 in the south of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. North Sumatra (Sumatera Utara is a province of Indonesia. Its capital is Medan. Maimun Palace or Maimoon Palace (Istana Maimun is a well-known landmark at Medan, the capital city of North Sumatra. West Kalimantan ( Indonesian: Kalimantan Barat often abbreviated to Kalbar) is a province of Indonesia. East Kalimantan ( Indonesian: Kalimantan Timur abbrv Kaltim) is the second largest Indonesian province, located on the Kalimantan Sumbawa is an Indonesian Island, located in the middle of the Lesser Sunda Islands chain with Lombok to the west Flores to the east Central Sulawesi ( Sulawesi Tengah) is a province of Indonesia located in the heart of Sulawesi. Istana Luwu is a palace located at the center of Palopo City South Sulawesi, Indonesia, about 350 km north of Makassar City South East Sulawesi ( Indonesian: Sulawesi Tenggara) is a province of Indonesia on the island of Sulawesi. Buton (also Butung or Boeton) is an Island in Indonesia located off the southeast peninsula of Sulawesi. An island (ˈaɪlənd or isle (/ˈaɪl/ is any piece of land that is completely surrounded by water in two dimensions above high tide and isolated from other significant South Sulawesi ( Sulawesi Selatan) is a province of Indonesia, located on the western southern peninsula of Sulawesi island Bones are rigid organs that form part of the Endoskeleton of Vertebrates They function to move support and protect the various organs of the body produce
Various royal regalia and other items used for court functions may be viewed in some the respective palaces. See also Sultanate of Aceh Aceh (ʔaˈtɕɛh generally anglicized as ˈɑːtʃeɪ is a special territory ( daerah istimewa) of Indonesia Bali is an Indonesian Island located at, the westernmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to
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Iran (Persia)
The crown jewels of Iran could be said to be the largest, one of the most dazzling and valuable jewel collection in the world. The Imperial Crown Jewels of Iran ( alternatively known as the Imperial Crown Jewels of Persia) includes several elaborate Crowns and decorative The collection consists of some 40 cases - Many of the cases are filled with numerous items - Some 30 tiaras, three jewel-studded thrones, and several other items.
Most of the items in the collection date back to the Safavid dynasty which ruled Iran between 1502-1736 AD. The Safavids ( صفوی) were an Iranian ref>Helen Chapin Metz Iran's heroic emperor Nader Shah Afshar who is referred to as the "Napoleon of Iran" and who ruled from 1736-1747 AD launched a campaign against India to regain the treasures which Afghan raiders had looted from Persia's capital Isfahan in 1719. Nāder Shāh Afshār ( also known as Nāder Qoli Beg - نادر قلی بیگ or Tahmāsp Qoli Khān - تهماسپ قلی خان) (November He brought back a vast amount of treasures, including several jewel-studded thrones, and huge chests filled with loose precious gems. Much of the treasures were lost on the way due to the rough mountainous terrain they had to pass.
The Qajar dynasty which ruled Iran from 1795-1925 AD added many pieces to the collection, and also commissioned Persian artisans and jewelers to create several objects such as dishes, tiaras, swords, aigrettes, etc, using the vast number of loose precious gems, such as diamonds, emeralds, and rubies. The Qajar dynasty (also known as Ghajar or Kadjar ( ( - or دودمان قاجار) is a common term to describe Iran (then known as Persia) under Fath Ali Shah and Nasser-al-Din Shah were two Qajar kings who were keen to expand and enhance the collection. Fat′h Ali Shah Qajar (var Fathalishah Fathali Shah Fath Ali Shah ( ( 5 September 1772 - 23 October 1834) was the second Qajar Nasser al-Din Shah Qajar ( July 16, 1831 - May 1, 1896) () was the King and Shah of Persia from September 17
When the Pahlavi dynasty - Iran's last monarchic dynasty - replaced the Qajars, Reza Shah Pahlavi, also referred to as "Reza Shah the Great" commissioned Iranian Jewelers to design and create a crown designated to the rulers of the Pahlavi dynasty. The crown was used for the first time in 1926 on the occasion of the coronation of the first Pahlavi monarch, and for a second and last time on the occasion of the second Pahlavi monarch, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. A crown was also commissioned from Arpel in Paris for the Empress of Iran, Shahbanou Farah Pahlavi, using gems from the Iranian collection. The Imperial Jewels are on display at the central bank in Tehran. A central bank, reserve bank, or monetary authority is the entity responsible for the Monetary policy of a country or of a group of member states Tehran (or Teheran) ( Persian: تهران Tehrān) is the capital and largest City of Iran, and the administrative center of
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Japan
The Imperial Regalia of Japan (三種の神器 Sanshu no Jingi?) ("Three Sacred Treasures") consist of the Holy Sword Kusanagi (草薙剣), the Holy Jewel Yasakani no magatama (八尺瓊曲玉), and the Holy Mirror Yata no kagami (八咫鏡). The Imperial Crown Jewels of Iran ( alternatively known as the Imperial Crown Jewels of Persia) includes several elaborate Crowns and decorative The, also known as the Three Sacred Treasures, consist of the Sword, Kusanagi (草薙劍 the jewel or necklace of jewels For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. is a legendary Japanese Sword as important to Japan's history as Excalibur is to Britain's, and is one of three Imperial Regalia of Japan Magatama (ja 勾玉 or ja 曲玉) are curved Beads which first appeared in Japan during the Jōmon period. is a sacred mirror that is part of the Imperial Regalia of Japan. The sword and the mirror are kept at the Shinto shrines in Nagoya and Ise in Central Japan, and the jewel at the Kokyo Imperial Palace in Tokyo. is the native religion of Japan and was once its State religion. is the third-largest incorporated city and the fourth most populous urban area in Japan. Ise Shrine ( Ise-jingū 伊勢神宮 is a Shinto shrine dedicated to goddess Amaterasu Ōmikami, located in the city of Ise in Mie prefecture is the imperial main residence of the Emperor of Japan. It is a large park-like area located in Chiyoda Tokyo close to Tokyo Station and contains various buildings officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and located on the eastern side of the main island Honshū.
The enthronement cerenomy is traditionally held in Kyoto. An enthronement is a ceremony of Inauguration centering around sitting for the first time on a Throne. (IPA /kʲoːto / is a city in the central part of the island of Honshū, Japan. The Imperial Throne is kept at the Gosho Imperial Palace in Kyoto.
Laos
The regalia of Laos are kept in the Royal Palace Museum in Luang Prabang. Laos (ˈlɑːoʊs or /ˈlaʊs/ officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic, is a Landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by Burma The Royal Palace (official name " Haw Kham " in Luang Prabang, Laos was built in 1904 during the French colonial era for Luang Prabang, or Louangphrabang (Lao ຫລວງພະບາງ, IPA /luaŋ pʰabaːŋ/ is a city located in north central Laos, on the
Malaysia
The royal regalia of Malaysia are kept in the Istana Negara (National Palace) in Kuala Lumpur. The Royal Regalia of Malaysia includes all the items which are deemed sacred and symbolic of the supremacy and authority of His Majesty For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Istana Negara or National Palace is the official residence of His Majesty the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King of Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur (ˈkwɑːləlʊmˈpʊər Malay /kwɑlɑlʊmpʊ/ and locally /kwɑləlʊmpɔ/ or even /kɔlɔmpɔ/ or often abbreviated as K The regalia is worn by HM the King (ms: Yang di-Pertuan Agong), and HM the Queen (Raja Permaisuri Agong) during certain ceremonies, such as the election as head of state, HM's birthday, awards ceremonies, and the calling of parliament. Majesty is an English word derived ultimately from the Latin Maiestas, meaning Greatness. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is the highest ranking office created by the constitution of the federation of Malaysia List of current queens regnant A queen regnant (plural "queens regnant" is qualifying reference to a female Monarch possessing and exercising all of the monarchal Raja Permaisuri Agong, or in full Seri Paduka Baginda Raja Permaisuri Agong, is the title given to the Queen of Malaysia, consort of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong An election is a Decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold formal office Head of state is the generic term for the individual or collective office that serves as the chief public representative of a Monarchic or Republican Nation-state
They consist of the Tengkolok Diraja (Royal Head Dress), the Queen's Gendik di Raja (Royal Tiara), the Keris Panjang di Raja (Royal Long Kris or Keris of State), the Kris Pendek di Raja (Royal Short Keris), the Cogan Alam dan Cogan Agama (Sceptre of the Universe and Sceptre of Religion), the Cokmar (Maces), the Pedang Keris Panjang dan Sundang (Royal sword, long Keris and sword Keris), the Payung Ubur-ubur Kuming] dan Tombak Berambu (Yellow-fringed umbrella and tassled lances), and the Pending di Raja (Royal Waist Buckle). The ceremonial mace is a highly ornamented staff of metal and wood carried before a sovereign or other high official in civic ceremonies by a Mace-bearer, intended The kris or keris is a distinctive asymmetrical dagger indigenous to Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Southern Thailand and "Parasol" redirects here For other uses see Umbrella (disambiguation, Umbrella (song or Parasol (disambiguation
Malaysia is a federal state, consisting of thirteen states and two federal territories. A federation ( Latin: foedus, covenant is a union comprising a number of partially self-governing states or regions united by a central ("federal" Out of these, nine are monarchies headed by sultans. Sultan (سلطان is an Islamic title with several historical meanings Royal regalia and other items of the rulers are kept in the respective palaces and courts. These are:
Johore - Kedah - Kelantan - Negeri Sembilan - Pahang - Perak - Perlis - Selangor - Terengganu
Philippines
Thailand (Siam)
The Royal Regalia, Royal Utensils, and the Royal Eight Weapons of Sovereignt] comprise a total of 28 items. Johor (alt English spelling Johore, Jawi scriptجوهر is a state of Malaysia between 1°20"N and 2°35"N Kedah ( Jawi: قدح pop 1778188 is a state of Malaysia, located in the northwestern part of Peninsular Malaysia. Kelantan is a state of Malaysia. The capital and royal seat is Kota Bharu. Negeri Sembilan (also Negri Sembilan, Jawi: نڬري سمبيلن meaning "state of nine" in Malay, is a state of Malaysia. Pahang ( Jawi: ڨهڠ is the third largest state on Malaysia, after Sarawak and Sabah, occupying the huge Pahang River River Perak is one of the 13 states of Malaysia. It is the second largest state in Peninsular Malaysia bordering Kedah and Yala Province of This article is about the Malaysian state For the computer scientist see Alan Perlis. Selangor ( Jawi script: سلاڠور population 72 million is one of the 13 states of Malaysia. Terengganu ( Jawi: ترڠڬانو, formerly spelled Trengganu or Tringganu) is a sultanate and constitutive state of federal Malaysia The Sultanate of Maguindanao was a Filipino Muslim state that ruled parts of the island of Mindanao, in southern Philippines. For the province see Sulu. The Sultanate of Sulu was a Muslim State that ruled over many of the islands of the The Royal Regalia consists of the Great Crown of Victory, the Sword of Victory, the Royal Staff, the Royal Fan (or Flywhisk), and the Royal Slippers. The Great Crown of Victory or Phra Maha Phichai Mongkut ( Thai: พระมหาพิชัยมงกุฏ is one of the Royal Regalia of Thailand The Sword of Victory or Phra Saeng Khan Chai Si ( Thai: พระแสงขรรค์ชัยศรี has an ancient history The Royal Staff or Than Phra Kon ( Thai: ธารพระกร is made of Cassia wood and enclosed at both ends in A fly-whisk is a tool to swat or disturb flies It is used as a Regalia in some cultures The 28 items are traditionally presented to the Kings of Thailand at their coronation ceremonies. Kingdom of Sukhothai (1238-1368 Phraruang Dynasty (1238-1368 Pho Khun Si Intharathit พ่อขุนศรีอินทราทิตย์ A coronation is a ceremony marking the investiture of a Monarch with regal power specifically involving the placement of a crown upon his or her head and the They are kept, amongst other royal items, at the Grand Palace in Bangkok. The Grand Palace (พระบรมมหาราชวัง Phra Borom Maha Ratcha Wang) is a complex of buildings in Bangkok, Thailand. Bangkok, known in Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon (krūŋtʰêːp máhǎːnákʰɔn) or Krung Thep ( for short is the Capital, largest
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Link to the Thai Royal Regalia http://www.geocities.com/threeb.rm/index.html
Vietnam
The signs of the imperial power of the Nguyen Emperors were the Great Imperial Seal and the Sword. The Nguyễn Dynasty (Nhà Nguyễn Hán Việt: Nguyễn triều 阮朝 was the last ruling family of Vietnam. An emperor (from the Latin " Imperator " is a (male Monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an Empire or another type of When the last emperor Bao Dai abdicated 1954 in Huế, he handed them over to the communist authorities. Bảo Đại ( Hán tự: vi-nom [[wikt保 保]][[wikt大 大]] Nguyễn Phúc Vĩnh Thụy 22 October 1913 &ndash 30 July 1997 Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) ( 化 in Chữ Nôm) is the capital city of Thừa Thiên - Huế province, Vietnam.
Europe
Austria (Austro-Hungarian Empire, Holy Roman Empire)
The Austrian Crown Jewels (de: Insignien und Kleinodien) are kept at the Schatzkammer (Imperial Treasury) located in the Hofburg Palace in Vienna. The collective term Austrian Crown Jewels or insignia (Insignien und Kleinodien denotes the Regalia and vestments worn by the Holy Roman emperor, and later The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Schatzkammer in German translates as Treasury (Chamber/Vault. Hofburg Imperial Palace is a palace in Vienna, Austria, which has housed some of the most powerful people in Austrian history, including the Habsburg Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. They are a collection of imperial regalia and jewels dating from the 10th century to the 19th. They are one of the biggest and most important collection of royal objects still today, and reflect more than a thousand years of European history. The treasury can be quantified into six important parts:
- The Insignia of the Austrian Hereditary Homage
- The Austrian Empire
- The Habsburg-Lorraine Household Treasure
- The Holy Roman Empire
- The Burgundian Inheritance and the Order of the Golden Fleece
- The Ecclesiastical Treasury
The most outstanding objects are the insignia of the hereditary Empire of Austria. For the history of these states before 1804 see Holy Roman Empire, Habsburg Monarchy, and articles on each of the component countries. The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in The Order of the Golden Fleece (Orden del Toisón de Oro is an Order of chivalry founded in 1430 by Duke Philip III of Burgundy to celebrate his marriage Schatzkammer in German translates as Treasury (Chamber/Vault. For the history of these states before 1804 see Holy Roman Empire, Habsburg Monarchy, and articles on each of the component countries. They consist of the Imperial Crown, the Imperial Orb and the mantle of the Austrian Empire, and the Coronation Robes of the Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia. Imperial Crown was also a model of car from Imperial, the luxury division of the Chrysler Corporation. The globus cruciger ( Latin, "cross-bearing orb" is an orb (lat For the history of these states before 1804 see Holy Roman Empire, Habsburg Monarchy, and articles on each of the component countries. The Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia (Regno Lombardo-Veneto Lombardo-Venezianisches Königreich was a kingdom in northern Italy, and part of the Austrian Empire. The Imperial Crown, Orb, Cross, and Holy Lance of the Holy Roman Empire are also highlights.
- The archducal hat is kept today at the Augustinian Abbey of Klosterneuburg, in Lower Austria. The Augustinians, named after Saint Augustine of Hippo (died AD 430) are several Catholic Monastic orders and congregations An abbey (from Latin abbatia derived from Syriac abba "father" is a Christian Monastery or Klosterneuburg is a city in Lower Austria, Austria with a population of 24442 Lower Austria (Niederösterreich is one of the nine states or Bundesländer in Austria. Please see archducal hat for further information. The first archducal coronet (Erzherzogskrone was shown on a portrait of Rudolf IV Duke of Austria, though this coronet probably never existed
- The ducal hat of Styria is kept at the Landesmuseum Joanneum in Graz, Styria. The Duchy of Styria (Herzogtum Steiermark Vojvodina Štajerska Stájerország was a duchy located in modern-day southern Austria and northern Slovenia. Landesmuseum Joanneum is a multidisciplinary Museum in Graz, Austria Graz (etymologically from Slovene: Gradec IPA /gradeʦ/ "little castle" with a population of around 290000 as of 2008 (of which 252852 have principal Please see ducal hat for further information. The ducal hat ( De: Herzogshut) of the Duchy of Styria is a jagged crown made out of Gilded Silver. Information as a concept has a diversity of meanings from everyday usage to technical settings
Croatia
The 11th Century Crown of Zvonimir was a Papal gift to King Zvonimir of Croatia. The Crown of Zvonimir was bestowed on King Dmitar Zvonimir of Croatia in 1076 by the Papal legate. The Croatian people trace their origins to Slavic peoples which moved into the territory of the former Roman provinces Pannonia and Dalmatia It is thought likely to have been lost during the Turkish invasions of the Balkans in the 1500s. The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish The distinctive crown adorns several local flags in Croatia and Dalmatia. Croatia (Hrvatska ˈxȓvatska officially the Republic of Croatia ( Republika Hrvatska) is a southern Central European country at the crossroads between Dalmatia ( Croatian: Dalmacija, see names in other languages) is a region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, situated mostly in modern
Czech Republic (Czech Kingdom, Bohemian Kingdom)
The jewels (cs: korunovační klenoty), and the Crown of Saint Wenceslas of Bohemia (Svatováclavská koruna) are kept in Prague Castle (Pražský hrad) and are displayed to the public only once every (circa) eight years. Crown of Saint Wenceslas is the part of Czech crown jewels (also called Czech treasure made in 1347 Bohemia (Čechy; Bohemia Czechy is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands, currently the Prague Castle (Pražský hrad is a Castle in Prague where the Czech kings Holy Roman Emperors and presidents of Czechoslovakia
The crown is named and dedicated after the Duke and Patron Saint Wenceslas I of the Premyslids dynasty of Bohemia. This is a list of rulers of Bohemia. Bohemia, Moravia, Silesia, and Lusatia are territories which are or have The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members Saint Wenceslaus or Saint Wenceslas (Václav HelpIPA, (c 907 &ndash September 28, 935) was duke ( kníže) of Bohemia The Přemyslids ( Czech: Přemyslovci, Polish: Przemyślidzi, German: Premysliden) were a Czech royal dynasty which The crown has an unusual design, with vertical fleurs-de-lis standing at the front, back and sides. The fleur-de-lys (or fleur-de-lis, plural fleurs-de-lis ˌfləː(rdəˈliː (ˌfləː(rdəˈlɪs in Quebec) translated from French as "lily Made from gold and precious stones, its weight is 2. Gold (ˈɡoʊld is a Chemical element with the symbol Au (from its Latin name aurum) and Atomic number 79 A gemstone or gem, also called a precious or semi-precious stone, is a piece of attractive Mineral, which &mdash when cut and polished &mdash 475g. It was made for King Charles IV in 1346. Charles IV ( Czech: Karel IV, German: Karl IV, Hungarian: IV Károly; 14 May 1316 &ndash Since 1867 it has been stored in St. Vitus Cathedral of Prague Castle. Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Saint Vitus's Cathedral (Katedrála svatého Víta is a Roman Catholic Cathedral in Prague, and the seat of the Archbishop of Prague. The jewels have always played an important role as a symbol of Bohemian statehood. A state is a political association with effective Sovereignty over a geographic Area and representing a Population.
Interestingly, an ancient Czech legend says that any usurper who places the crown on his head is doomed to die within a year. In the eyes of some this was confirmed during World War II when Reinhard Heydrich, the Nazi governor of the puppet Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia secretly wore them believing himself to be a great king, and was assassinated less than a year later by the Czech underground. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich ( 7 March 1904 &ndash 4 June 1942) was an SS - Obergruppenführer, chief The Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (Reichsprotektorat Böhmen und Mähren Protektorát Čechy a Morava was the majority ethnic-Czech Protectorate which Czech resistance to Nazi occupation during World War II is a scarcely documented subject by and large a result of little formal resistance and an effective German
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(all text in Czech language)
Denmark
The crown jewels and other royal regalia of Denmark are kept in Rosenborg Castle in Copenhagen. Danish Crown Regalia are the symbols of the Danish monarchy. They consist of three crowns a sceptre (symbolising supreme authority an orb (a Globus cruciger, symbolising The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe Rosenborg Castle is a small castle situated at the centre of the Danish capital Copenhagen. Copenhagen (ˌkəʊpənˈheɪgən ˌkəʊpənˈhɑːgən ˈkəʊpənˌheɪgən ˈkəʊpənˌhɑːgən kʰøb̥ənˈhɑʊ̯ˀn kʰøb̥m̩ˈhɑʊ̯ˀn is the capital and largest city
France
What is left of the crown jewels of France is on display at the Louvre in Paris. The French Crown Jewels were the crowns orbs diadems and jewels that were the symbol of royalty and which were worn by many Kings and Queens of France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The Louvre Museum (Musée du Louvre located in Paris is the world's most visited art museum a historic monument and a national museum of France Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city
Germany
- Anhalt
missing
- Baden
missing
- Bavaria
In 1806, Napoleon Bonaparte conquered the Holy Roman Empire. Year 1806 ( MDCCCVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in He restructured the many German states and the Duchy of Bavaria was promoted to a 'Kingdom'. The following is a list of rulers during the History of Bavaria. The ruling Wittelsbach Duke became Maximilian I became King of Bavaria. The Wittelsbach family is a European Royal family and a German dynasty from Bavaria. Maximilian I may refer to Maximilian I Emperor of Mexico Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I Duke of Bavaria Bavaria ( German:, with an area of 70553 Km² (27241 square miles and almost 12 With his new status, the King ordered new regalia to be made. It can be seen today in the Treasury of the Residenz Palace in Munich. For the US government securities see Treasury security. Also see Treasury management. Residenz is the German word for " residence " It normally meant the residence of nobility Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany.
The Bavarian Coronation Set consists of the Crown of Bavaria, the Crown of the Queen (originally made for Maximilian's Queen, Caroline Frederika of Baden, the State Sword, the Royal Orb, and the Royal Sceptre. List of current queens regnant A queen regnant (plural "queens regnant" is qualifying reference to a female Monarch possessing and exercising all of the monarchal Baden is a historical state in the southwest of Germany, on the right bank of the Rhine. Please see Bavarian Crown Jewels. In 1806 as part of his wholescale re-ordering of the map of Europe, Napoleon I of France upgraded the independent German Duchy of Bavaria to
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- Hessia
missing
- Mecklenburg
missing
- Saxony (Sachsen)
The treasures of the Kings of Saxony are kept in Dresden. The Free State of Saxony (Freistaat Sachsen ˈzaksən Swobodny Stat Sakska is the easternmost federal state of Germany. Dresden (etymologically from Old Sorbian Drežďany, meaning people of the riverside forest, Drježdźany is the Capital city of the German Please see Saxon Crown Jewels.
- Thurn and Taxis
missing
- Prussia
The crown and the insignia of the Kingdom of Prussia are kept at Hohenzollern Castle in Sigmarigen, Baden-Württemberg. The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising Hohenzollern Castle ( German: Burg Hohenzollern) is a Castle, about 50 km south of Stuttgart Germany, considered home to the Hohenzollern Baden-Württemberg is one of the 16 states ( Bundesländer) of the Federal Republic of Germany. Please see Prussian Crown Jewels. The Prussian Crown Jewels is a set of crowns Orb and scepters used to crown Kings of Prussia of the Hohenzollern dynasty, which
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- Württemberg
missing
- Holy Roman Empire
The Imperial Regalia like the Holy Crown of Charlemagne, the orb, the sceptre, the Holy Lance, and various other items are kept in the Schatzkammer Treasury in Vienna, Austria. Imperial Crown was also a model of car from Imperial, the luxury division of the Chrysler Corporation. Charlemagne (ˈʃɑrlɨmeɪn Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus meaning Charles the Great) (747 – 28 January 814 was King of the Franks from 768 to his A sceptre or scepter is a symbolic ornamental staff held by a ruling Monarch, a prominent item of royal Regalia. The Holy Lance (also known as the Spear of Destiny, Holy Spear, Lance of Longinus, Spear of Longinus or Spear of Christ) is the name Schatzkammer in German translates as Treasury (Chamber/Vault. For the US government securities see Treasury security. Also see Treasury management. Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich Please see Imperial Regalia. The Imperial Regalia, insignia or crown jewels (in German Reichskleinodien, Reichsinsignien, or Reichsschatz) are the Regalia of the Emperors
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Greece
- Hellenic Kingdom
Hungary
The crown jewels of Hungary are on display in the Parliament Building in Budapest. When Otto of Bavaria became the first King of Greece in 1832 when the great European powers forced the militarily chastened Ottoman Empire to formally The Holy Crown of Hungary ( Hungarian: Magyar Szent Korona, German: Stephanskrone, Croatian: Kruna svetoga Stjepana, Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic Budapest ( also /ˈbʊ-/) is the capital city of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary it serves as the country's principal Political,
Ireland
The Irish Crown Jewels were heavily jewelled insignia of the Most Illustrious Order of St Patrick. The Most Illustrious Order of Saint Patrick is a British Order of chivalry associated with Ireland. Their theft from Dublin Castle in 1907 remains unsolved. In Criminal law, theft (also known as stealing or filching) is the illegal taking of another person's Property without that person's freely-given Dublin Castle (Caisleán Bhaile Átha Cliath off Dame Street, Dublin, Ireland, is a major Irish governmental complex formerly the fortified
Italy
- Lombardy
the Iron Crown of the Kingdom of Lombardy is kept at the Cathedral of Monza. The Iron Crown of Lombardy ( Corona Ferrea) is both a reliquary and one of the most ancient royal insignia of Europe The Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia (Regno Lombardo-Veneto Lombardo-Venezianisches Königreich was a kingdom in northern Italy, and part of the Austrian Empire. Monza ( Munscia in Western Lombard) is a city on the river Lambro, a tributary of the Po, in the Lombardy region of Italy The coronation robe is kept in the Schatzkammer in Vienna, Austria. Schatzkammer in German translates as Treasury (Chamber/Vault. Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich
- Kings of Italy
The Crown jewels of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946) are in the custody of the Bank of Italy, due to legal controversy between the Italian Republic and the Savoia family. Year 1861 ( MDCCCLXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Banca d'Italia is the Central bank of Italy and part of the European System of Central Banks. It is not clear who is the legal owner. The value of crowns, diadems and various jewels is valued at over €2,5 Billion.
Monaco
Monaco features a heraldic crown on its coat-of-arms, but does not possess any crown jewels or regalia per se. For other uses see Monaco (disambiguation Monaco, officially the Principality of Monaco ( French: Principauté de Monaco; Monégasque A Crown is often an Emblem of the monarchy a monarch's government or items endorsed by it see The Crown. A coat of arms or armorial bearings (often just arms for short in European tradition is a design belonging to a particular person (or group of people The coronation ceremony consists of a festive mass in the cathedral of Monaco, followed by reception where the new prince meets his subjects. This article is about the history and organisation of the cathedral Prince, from the Latin root Princeps, is a general term for a Monarch, for a member of a monarch's or former monarch's family and is a Nationality is a relationship between a Person and their State of Origin, Culture, association Affiliation and/or Loyalty The throne and other items can be viewed in the palace of Monaco, which is open to the public. This article is about royal thrones for the order of Angels by the same name see Thrones. A palace is a grand residence especially the home of a Head of state or some other high-ranking Public figure.
Netherlands
Norway
The crown jewels, or royal regalia, of Norway are together with some other old treasures placed in Nidaros Cathedral, in Trondheim. In comparison to many European monarchies' Regalia, the Dutch Regalia are relatively new having been commissioned by King Willem II in 1840. The Crown jewels, or royal regalia of Norway include nine items the king's crown the sword of the realm the king's sceptre the king's orb the queen's crown the queen's Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional Vinterdomenjpg|thumb|right|View from the Elgeseter bridge]] Nidaros Cathedral (Nidarosdomen considered the most significant church of Norway, is located in (Trondhjem is a city and municipality in the county of Sør-Trøndelag, Norway.
Poland
The only surviving part of the Polish Crown Jewels is from the Piast dynasty and consists of the coronation sword known as the Szczerbiec. The only surviving original piece of the Polish Crown Jewels from the time of the Piast dynasty is the ceremonial Sword - Szczerbiec. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Piast dynasty is the name used since the 17th century for Polish Royal Dynasty that ruled Poland from its beginnings as Duchy ruled by Mieszko Szczerbiec ( literally notched sword) is a Sword that was traditionally used in the coronation ceremony of Polish kings, later Kings of the Rzeczpospolita It is currently on display along with other royal items in the Wawel Royal Castle Museum, Kraków. Wawel is an architectural complex erected over many centuries atop a limestone Outcrop on the left bank of the Vistula River in Kraków, Kraków, in English also spelled Krakow or Cracow (ˈkrækaʊ M-W: krăk'ou krāk'ō is one of the largest and oldest cities in Poland Most of the Crown Jewels were plundered by foreign invaders such as the Swedes, Germans and Russians.
One of many royal crowns was made for King August II, Elector of Saxony when he became King of Poland in 1697. Royal titles In Latin: Augustus Secundus Dei Gratia rex Poloniae magnus dux Lithuaniae Russie Prussiae Masoviae Samogitiae Livoniae Kijoviae Volhyniae The Free State of Saxony (Freistaat Sachsen ˈzaksən Swobodny Stat Sakska is the easternmost federal state of Germany. Since the original set was stolen, a new set was made for the coronation in Kraków. Today it is displayed in the Royal Castle in Dresden, Germany. Dresden (etymologically from Old Sorbian Drežďany, meaning people of the riverside forest, Drježdźany is the Capital city of the German Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe.
Portugal
The royal Crown of Portugal was made in 1817. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. Year 1817 ( MDCCCXVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common It was created in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in the workshop of Don Antonio Gomes da Silva, for King John VI. Rio de Janeiro ("River of January" ˈhiw dʒi ʒʌˈnejɾu in Brazilian Portuguese, /ˈriːoʊ di ʒəˈnɛroʊ/ in English is the second largest city of Brazil |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld John VI (13 May 1767 &ndash 10 March 1826 ( Portuguese João, ʒʊˈɐ̃ũ the Clement ( Port Today, the crown along with other royal regalia is kept in the Ajuda Palace, Lisbon. The Ajuda National Palace ( Palácio Nacional da Ajuda) is a neoclassical monument in the city of Lisbon, in Portugal. Lisbon (Lisboa liʒˈboɐ is the Capital and largest city of Portugal.
Romania
The Romanian Crown Jewels consist of three crowns: the Steel Crown, the Crown of Queen Elisabeta and the Crown of Queen Maria; and two scepters: the Scepter of Ferdinand I and the Scepter of Carol II. The Romanian Crown Jewels consist of three crowns the Steel Crown, the Crown of Queen Elisabeta and the Crown of Queen Maria; two scepters the The Steel Crown of King Carol I of Romania was forged at the Army Arsenal ( Arsenalul Armatei The Steel Crown of King Carol I of Romania was forged at the Army Arsenal ( Arsenalul Armatei The Crown of Queen Elisabeta was made at the Arsenalul Armatei from gold This crown is made of gold from Transylvania. It was manufactured with the occasion of the coronation of King Ferdinand I and Queen Maria in 1922 at Alba-Iulia They are displayed at The National History Museum of Romania in Bucharest. The National History Museum of Romania
Russia
The coronation regalia, such as the Great Imperial Crown, the Imperial Orb of Catherine II the Great, the Imperial Sceptre with the Orloff diamond, the Shah Diamond, and others are kept at the Kremlin Armoury in Moscow. The Imperial Crown of Russia, or the Great Imperial Crown, is the crown that was used by the Emperors of Russia until the abolition of the The globus cruciger ( Latin, "cross-bearing orb" is an orb (lat Catherine II, called Catherine the Great (Екатерина II Великая Yekaterina II Velikaya;) reigned as Empress of Russia for 34 years A sceptre or scepter is a symbolic ornamental staff held by a ruling Monarch, a prominent item of royal Regalia. The Orlov (sometimes spelled Orloff) is a large Diamond that is part of the collection of the Diamond Fund of the Moscow Kremlin. The Diamond Shah is 887 carat (18 g 3 cm long yellow Diamond, extremely clear The Kremlin Armoury (Оружейная палата is one of the oldest Museums of Moscow, established in 1808 and located in the Moscow Kremlin Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of Please see Imperial Crown of Russia and Monomakh's Cap. The Imperial Crown of Russia, or the Great Imperial Crown, is the crown that was used by the Emperors of Russia until the abolition of the Monomakh's Cap ( Russian: Шапка Мономаха Shapka Monomakha) also called the Golden Cap ( Shapka Zolotaya) is one of the symbols
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Serbia
Spain
The old regalia of Spain was destroyed in the Great Fire of Christmas Eve 1734. Serbia like most European nations and former Monarchies, has a history of crowns worn by its rulers This is a list of historic fires. Before the 20th century fires were a major hazard to urban areas and the cause of massive amounts of damage to cities Year 1734 ( MDCCXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a In the 18th century, King Charles III ordered a new crown and sceptre to be made. Charles III may refer to Charles the Fat, Charles III Holy Roman Emperor (832–888 Charles the Simple, Charles III of France (879–929 They are displayed at accession ceremonies and at the opening of the Cortes (Parliament). TalkParliament#Screen-size. -->A parliament is a Legislature, especially in those Actually, Spanish kings did not use coronation: the last recorded use of crown over a king's head is from the 15th century. Since there, kings of Castile and Aragon have not been crowned, but proclaimed. Kings of Spain have not been crowned. In the ceremony of accession, the crown is present, but it is not placed on the monarch's head.
The crown is made of golden silver, and it features half-arches resting on 8 plates bearing the emblems of the Kingdom. They are kept today by the Patrimonio Nacional (the Crown Heritage). Patrimonio Nacional (National Heritage is a Spanish state agency under the jurisdiction of the Prime Minister of Spain, that administers the sites owned by the Spanish
All of the jewels and tiaras worn by the members of the Spanish Royal Family are privately owned by them, because other than the crown and sceptre displayed at the opening of the Cortes, Spain no longer has crown jewels belonging to the state. The Royal Family of the Kingdom of Spain consists of the direct descendants of the current king Juan Carlos.
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Sweden
Sweden’s Crown Jewels are kept deep in the vaults of the Royal Treasury, underneath the Royal Palace in Stockholm. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. For the US government securities see Treasury security. Also see Treasury management. The Stockholm Palace ( Swedish: Stockholms slott) is the Official residence and major royal palace of the Swedish monarch. The symbols of Swedish monarchy have not actually been worn since 1907, but they are still displayed at weddings, christenings and funerals. The monarch is the Head of state of the Kingdom of Sweden. Sweden being a Constitutional monarchy with a Representative democracy based on a Until 1974 the crown jewels were also displayed at the opening of the Riksdag (Parliament). The Riksdag is the official Swedish term of the Parliament of Sweden and the Parliament of Finland (in Finland alongside TalkParliament#Screen-size. -->A parliament is a Legislature, especially in those Among the oldest priceless objects are the sword of Gustav Vasa and the crown, orb, sceptre and key of King Erik XIV and numerous other sovereigns. Gustav I, born Gustav Eriksson (Colloquial 15th century Upplandic Gösta Jerksson) and later known as Gustav Vasa (12 May 1496 – 29 September Eric XIV (Erik XIV (13 December 1533 &ndash 26 February 1577 was King of Sweden from 1560 until he was deposed in 1568 Please see Swedish Royal Regalia. Sweden’s Crown Jewels are kept deep in the vaults of the Royal Treasury, underneath the Royal Palace in Stockholm.
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United Kingdom
The Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom are considered to be the most valuable and one of the largest jewellery collections in existence, with a number of famous diamonds and rubies including the Cullinan Diamond (One of the largest diamonds). The collective term Crown Jewels denotes the regalia and vestments worn by the sovereign of the United Kingdom during the Coronation ceremony and at various other The Honours of Scotland, also known as the Scottish regalia and the Scottish Crown Jewels, dating from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries are the oldest set of The Cullinan diamond is the largest rough gem-quality Diamond ever found at 3106
The crown jewels of England, and now of the United Kingdom, are kept in the Tower of London. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London (and historically as The Tower) is a historic monument in central London Apart from an Ampule and Spoon they all date from after the Restoration of Charles II in 1661. ampoule (also ampule) is a small glass sealed Vial which is used to contain or preserve a fluid A spoon is a Utensil consisting of a small shallow bowl at the end of a handle used primarily for serving and eating Liquid, or semi-liquid foods and solid foods Charles II may refer to Charles the Bald (823 &ndash 877 king of the West Franks and Holy Roman Emperor Charles II of Naples (1248 The ancient crown jewels of England were destroyed by Oliver Cromwell in 1649 when he established The Commonwealth. Oliver Cromwell (25 April 1599 Old Style &ndash 3 September 1658 Old Style) was an English military and political leader best known Among the original crown jewels were Alfred the Great's State Crown described as "Gould wyerworke set with slight stones and two little bells" which once melted down the gold it contained fetched only £248 and 10 shillings, while the little 11th Century crown of Queen Edith only realised £16 [1]. Alfred the Great (also Ælfred from the Old English Ælfrēd ˈælfreːd (c It is considered that both these crowns date from the 11th Century and the crown described as that of Alfred the Great is, in fact, the Crown of St. Edward the Confessor and was renamed thus following the Reformation. The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time There are conflicting legends that this ancient Crown of England still exists; that it was secreted by some Royalist and its hiding place was never revealed, although official sources state that the gold from this crown was recovered and used to make the present St. Edward's Crown.
We know the appearance of the later State Crown of Henry VII, which shared their fate, as it is depicted in some of the portraits Charles I, by Daniel Mytens and Van Dyck. The name Charles I may refer to Kings Charlemagne, Charles I Holy Roman Emperor (742-814 Charles I of England, Daniël Mijtens ( Delft c 1590 - The Hague 1647-48 known in England as Daniel Mytens the Elder, was a Dutch portrait painter who spent the There were also various sceptres, swords, coronets, rings and an Anglo-Saxon comb, Some of the pieces were probably reclaimed burial regalia, including those stripped from the rich shrine of Edward the Confessor in Westminster Abbey by Henry VIII. A sceptre or scepter is a symbolic ornamental staff held by a ruling Monarch, a prominent item of royal Regalia. A coronet is a small crown consisting of ornaments fixed on a metal ring A shrine, from the Latin scrinium (‘box’ also used as a desk like the French bureau) was originally a container usually made of precious materials used Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of Various medieval garments used in past coronation ceremonies were also sold off at the time, an irreparable loss [2].
In 1660 when a replacement crown called "St. Edward's Crown" was cast for the coronation of Charles II the gold from the aforementioned King Alfred's Crown (the original crown of Edward the Confessor) was used, so presumably even after the various jewels had been melted down strenuous efforts were made to recover their components. St Edward's Crown was one of the English Crown Jewels and remains one of the senior British Crown Jewels. Charles II may refer to Charles the Bald (823 &ndash 877 king of the West Franks and Holy Roman Emperor Charles II of Naples (1248 The present Imperial Crown of State is decorated with the principal surviving historic jewels, which were recovered at the time of the Restoration. These include Edward the Confessor's Sapphire, which is set in a Maltese cross at the top of the crown. The Maltese cross or Amalfi cross is identified as the symbol of an order of Christian warriors known as the Knights Hospitaller or Knights of Malta This sapphire was once part of a ring owned by Edward the Confessor, which was buried with him in 1066. In 1101, when his shrine was opened and the ring removed, the sapphire was re-set in a crown worn by Henry I of England. Henry I (c 1068/1069 – 1 December 1135) was the fourth son of William I the Conqueror, the first King of England after the Norman
The ruby which adorns the centre of the Imperial Crown of State has a rich and dramatic history. It once belonged to a Sultan of Granada, who was murdered by Pedro the Cruel, King of Castille. Peter (or Pedro; August 30, 1334 &ndash March 23, 1369) sometimes called the Cruel ( el Cruel) or He presented it to Edward, the Black Prince, in gratitude for his military assistance at the Battle of Navaretto in 1367. Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales, KG (15 June 1330 – 8 June 1376 popularly known as The Black Prince, was the eldest son of King Edward It was inherited by Edward's son, Richard II of England. Richard II (6 January 1367 &ndash ca 14 February 1400 was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399 Richard had it in his possession when he surrendered to his cousin, the future Henry IV of England in Wales in 1399. Henry IV (3 April 1367 &ndash 20 March 1413 was King of England and Lord of Ireland (1399&ndash1413 Henry later usurped the throne and Richard was murdered. Henry's son, Henry V of England, wore this ruby in the crown he wore around his helmet at the Battle of Agincourt, a bejewelled gold fleuron was struck of this same crown during the battle and lost. Henry V (16 September 1386 &ndash 31 August 1422 was one of the most significant English warrior kings of the 15th century The ruby was similarly worn in the crown of Richard III of England at the Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485. Richard III ( 2 October 1452 &ndash 22 August 1485) was King of England from 1483 until his death The Battle of Bosworth or Bosworth Field ( 22 August, 1485) was Lancastrian Henry Tudor's defeat of Yorkist Richard When Richard was killed during the fighting it famously rolled under a hawthorn bush to be retrieved by Lord Stanley and placed on the head of the victorious Henry Tudor, later Henry VII of England. The Imperial Crown of State also contains pearls worn as earrings by Queen Elizabeth I of England, these are suspended from the arches of the crown.
The crown jewels, or 'Honours', including the Stone of Destiny, are kept in Edinburgh Castle. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. The Honours of Scotland, also known as the Scottish regalia and the Scottish Crown Jewels, dating from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries are the oldest set of The Stone of Scone (ˈskuːn also commonly known as the Stone of Destiny or the Coronation Stone is an oblong block of red Sandstone, about by by in Edinburgh Castle is an ancient Stronghold which dominates the sky-line of the They are the oldest surviving crown jewels in the United Kingdom and were a gift by the Pope to the King of Scotland in the early Middle Ages. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and The monarch of Scotland was the Head of state of the Kingdom of Scotland. They were hidden during the Interregnum. An interregnum (plural interregna or interregnums) is a period of discontinuity of a government organization or social order The Honours of Scotland were almost forgotten following their last use at the coronation of Bonny Prince Charlie (Charles III of Scotland) in 1745 until they were discovered in a chest inside Edinburgh Castle in the early Nineteenth Century. For the US politician see Charles E Stuart For "Betty Burke" see The 'Forty-Five' below Year 1745 ( MDCCXLV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Edinburgh Castle is an ancient Stronghold which dominates the sky-line of the The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar
The Honours of the Principality of Wales. The Honours of the Principality of Wales are the Crown Jewels used at the investiture of Princes of Wales.
The original regalia of the Welsh princes have been lost. Llywelyn's coronet was kept after its capture with the English crown jewels between 1284 and 1649. Llywelyn's Coronet ( Welsh: Talaith Llywelyn) is a lost treasure of Welsh history.
Vatican
- The Papal Tiara is kept in the Vatican City. The Papal Tiara, also known as the Triple Tiara, or in Latin as the ' Triregnum', and in Italian as the ' Triregno', is the three-tiered Vatican City, officially the State of the Vatican City (Stato della Città del Vaticano is a Landlocked sovereign City-state whose territory For further Information, please see Papal regalia and insignia. Papal Regalia and Insignia are the official items of attire and decoration proper to the Pope in his capacity as the head of the Roman Catholic
Latin America
Chile
- The Kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia has a crown, presented to Prince Philippe of Araucania in 1986 by a group of Araucanian "nobles". The Kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia ( French: Royaume d'Araucanie et de Patagonie; sometimes referred to as New France) was an ephemeral political Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) Previously, the Royal House had no crown. Made of steel and containing stones from the Rio Bio-Bio, it is on display at the Museum of the Kings of Araucania. Steel is an Alloy consisting mostly of Iron, with a Carbon content between 0
Peru
Brazil
The Imperial Crown of Brazil alongside with other regalia and mementos of the Brazilian Empire are kept at the Imperial Museum of Brazil (Museu Imperial) in the former palace of Brazilian emperor Pedro II, in Petrópolis, Brazil. The Inca Empire (or Inka Empire) was the largest empire in Pre-Columbian America. The Imperial Crown of Brazil, also known as the Crown of Dom Pedro II, was the Crown manufactured for the second Brazilian Emperor Pedro II. The Empire of Brazil was a political entity that comprised present-day Brazil under the rule of Emperors Pedro I and his son Pedro II. The Museu Imperial de Petrópolis is a museum situated in the historic centre of Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Peter II may refer to several monarchs or nobles Peter II of Russia Peter II of Yugoslavia Peter II of Aragon Petrópolis, also known as The Imperial City of Brazil, is a town in the state of Rio de Janeiro, about 65 km from Rio de Janeiro. |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld
United States
Some of the Crown Jewels and the original Thrones of the Kingdom of Hawaii reside within the custody of the Bishop Museum. The Kingdom of Hawaii was established during the years 1795 to 1810 with the subjugation of the smaller independent chiefdoms of O{{okina}}ahu, This article is about royal thrones for the order of Angels by the same name see Thrones. The Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, designated the Hawaii State Museum of Natural and Cultural History, is a Museum of History and Science in the Copies of the thrones can be seen at Iolani Palace. Iolani Palace, situated in the capitol district of Downtown Honolulu in the U Some lie in state with the royals at the Royal Mausoleum at Mauna Ala. The Royal Mausoleum, known as Mauna Ala (Fragrant Hills in the Hawaiian language, is the final resting place of Hawai'i's two prominent royal families the
The National Park System is often metaphorically referred to as the republic's "national treasures", and some of the more famous components as "crown jewels". The National Park Service ( NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation Metaphor (from the Greek: μεταφορά - metaphora, meaning "transfer" is language that directly compares seemingly unrelated subjects A republic is a State or Country that is not led by a hereditary Monarch, but in which the people (or at least a part of its people have impact on its The idea of National Treasure, like National epics and National anthems is part of the language of Romantic nationalism, which arose in the late 18th This is intentionally meant to contrast the monarchical nature of the "old world" with the republican ideals of the "new world". The Old World consists of those parts of Earth known to Europeans Asians and Africans in the 15th century The New World is one of the names used for the non-Eurasian/non-African parts of the Earth specifically the Americas and Australia.
Oceania
New Zealand
This Kingdom is an unofficial one, but one that has become an important one to Māori today. Māori King Movement or Kīngitanga is a movement that arose among some of the Māori tribes of New Zealand in the 1850s to establish a symbolic This article discusses the Māori people of New Zealand For their language see Māori language, and for other meanings see Māori (disambiguation. The current monarch is Tuheitia Paki. Tuheitia Paki OStJ (born 21 April 1955) is the current Māori king in New Zealand ( Aotearoa) The crown jewelles consist of a cloak.
Dictionary
crown jewels
-noun
- (literally) the jewelry that accompany the office of rulership in a monarchy. I.e., crown, scepter, signet ring, etc.
- A prized possession or asset
- A part of a company sought by another in a hostile takeover
- (idiomatic) The male genitalia
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