- Croton may also refer to a plant genus. See Croton (genus). Croton is an extensive Plant Genus of the family Euphorbiaceae established by Carolus Linnaeus in 1737 Or to the NY village Croton-on-Hudson. Croton-on-Hudson is a village in Westchester County, New York, United States.
| Comune di Crotone | |
|---|---|
 Municipal coat of arms |
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| Country |  Italy |
| Region | Calabria |
| Province | Crotone (KR) |
| Mayor | Peppino Vallone (since May 2006) |
| Elevation | 8 m (26 ft) |
| Area | 179. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Calabria ( Latin: Brutium) is a region in southern Italy, south of Naples, located at the "toe" of In Italy, a Province (in Italian provincia) is an administrative division of intermediate level between Municipality ( Comune The Province of Crotone (Provincia di Crotone is a province in the Calabria region of Italy. 8 km² (69 sq mi) |
| Population (as of December 31, 2004) | |
| - Total | 60,157 |
| - Density | 335/km² (868/sq mi) |
| Time zone | CET, UTC+1 |
| Coordinates | |
| Gentilic | Crotonesi |
| Dialing code | 0962 |
| Postal code | 88900 |
| Frazioni | Papanice, Apriglianello, Carpentieri, Cipolla, Farina, Gabella Grande, Iannello, Maiorano, Margherita |
| Patron | St. Denis |
| - Day | October 9 |
| Website: www.comune.crotone.it | |
Crotone is a city in Calabria, southern Italy, on the Ionian Sea. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a People or the inhabitants of a place Here are a list of area codes in Italy. All numbers here begin with the country code (0039 A frazione, in Italy, is the name given in administrative law to a type of territorial subdivision of a Comune; for other Administrative Saint Denis (also called Dionysius, Dennis, or Denys) is a Christian martyr and Saint. Events 768 - Carloman I and Charlemagne are crowned Kings of The Franks. Calabria ( Latin: Brutium) is a region in southern Italy, south of Naples, located at the "toe" of Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest The Ionian Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea, south of the Adriatic Sea. Founded circa 710 BC as the Achaean colony of Croton (Greek: Κρότων; Modern Greek: Κρότωνας; Latin: Crotona), it was known as Cotrone from the Middle Ages until 1928, when its name was changed to Crotone. Events and trends Judah, Tyre and Sidon revolt against Assyria. Achaea (Αχαΐα Achaïa, axaˈia in Polytonic orthography) is an ancient province and a present prefecture of Greece, on the northern Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Modern Greek (el Νέα Ελληνικά or el Νεοελληνική lit Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Year 1928 ( MCMXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In 1994 it became the capital of the newly established Province of Crotone. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) The Province of Crotone (Provincia di Crotone is a province in the Calabria region of Italy. As of December 31, 2004, its population was 60,517. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again "
Contents |
History
Croton was long one of the most flourishing cities of Magna Graecia. Its inhabitants were famous for their physical strength and for the simple sobriety of their lives. From 588 BC onwards, Croton produced many generations of victors in the Olympics and the other Panhellenic Games, the most famous of whom was Milo of Croton. Events and trends 589 BC — Apries succeeds Psammetichus II as king of Egypt. The Ancient Olympic Games, originally referred to as simply the Olympic Games (Ολυμπιακοί Αγώνες Olympiakoi Agones) were a series of Athletic Panhellenic Games is the collective term for four separate sports festivals held in Ancient Greece. Milo or Milon of Croton (late 6th century BC was a famous ancient Greek athlete According to Herodotus (3. Herodotus of Halicarnassus ( Greek: Hēródotos Halikarnāsseús) was a Greek Historian who lived in the 5th century BC ( 484 BC&ndash 131), the physicians of Croton were considered the foremost among the Greeks. Pythagoras founded his school, the Pythagoreans, at Croton circa 530 BC. "Pythagoras of Samos" redirects here For the Samian statuary of the same name see Pythagoras (sculptor. Pythagoreanism is a term used for the Esoteric and metaphysical beliefs held by Pythagoras and his followers the Pythagoreans who were much influenced Among his pupils were the early medical theorist Alcmaeon of Croton and the philosopher, mathematician, and astronomer Philolaus. Alcmaeon ( Gr) of Croton (in Magna Græcia) was one of the most eminent natural philosophers and medical theorists of antiquity Philolaus (ca 480 BC &ndash ca 385 BC Φιλόλαος was a Greek Pythagorean and Presocratic. The Pythagoreans acquired considerable influence with the supreme council of one thousand by which the city was ruled. Sybaris was the rival of Croton until 510 BC, when Croton sent an army of one hundred thousand men, commanded by the wrestler Milo, against Sybaris and destroyed it. Sybaris ( Greek:) was a celebrated city of Magna Graecia on the western shore of the Gulf of Taranto. Milo or Milon of Croton (late 6th century BC was a famous ancient Greek athlete Shortly afterwards, however, an insurrection took place, by which the Pythagoreans were driven out and a democracy established.
In 480 BC, Croton sent a ship in support of the Greeks at the Battle of Salamis (Herodotus 8. Events By place Greece May — King Xerxes I of Persia marches from Sardis and onto Thrace The Battle of Salamis ( Ancient Greek:) was a decisive naval battle between the Greek City-states and Persia in September 480 BC in the 47), but the victory of Locri and Rhegium over Croton in the same year marked the beginning of its decline. Locri is a town and Comune (municipality in the Province of Reggio Calabria, Reggio di Calabria (Italian pronunciation /ˈrɛʤo ˌdikaˈlabrja/ Calabrian dialect: Rìggiu, Greek-Calabrian: Righi, Greek: It was replaced by Heraclea as headquarters of the Italiote League. Heraclea (also Heracleia or Herakleia; Greek:) was an ancient city of Magna Graecia, situated in Lucania on the Gulf of Tarentum The Italiotes were the pre-Roman Greek -speaking inhabitants of the Italian peninsula, between Neapolis and Sicily (people there are still sometimes Dionysius, the tyrant of Syracuse, aiming at hegemony in Magna Graecia, captured Croton in 379 BC and held it for twelve years. Dionysius I or Dionysius the Elder (ca 432&ndash367 BC Greek: Διονύσιος) Tyrant of Syracuse, conquered several cities Syracuse (Siracusa Sicilian: Sarausa, Classical Greek: / transliterated Syrakousai) is a historic City in Croton was then occupied by the Bruttii, with the exception of the citadel, in which the chief inhabitants had taken refuge; these, being unable to defend the place against a Carthaginian force, soon after surrendered, and were allowed to withdraw to Locri. The Bruttii ( Greek:, Italian: Bruzi were an ancient Italic people who inhabited the southern extremity of Italy, from the frontiers of Carthage (Καρχηδών Karkhēdōn, Carthago from the Phoenician קרת חדשת phn-Latn Qart-ḥadašt meaning new town) refers
In 295 BC, Croton fell to another Syracusan tyrant, Agathocles. Agathocles (361-289 BC ( Greek name Αγαθοκλής ( Agathokles) derived from αγαθός ( agathos) good and When Pyrrhus invaded Italy (280-278, 275 BC), Croton was still a considerable city, with twelve miles of walls, but after the Pyrrhic War, half the city was deserted (Livy 24. Pyrrhus (318-272 BC ( Greek: Πύρρος Aιακιδης Pyrros Aiakides was one of the most successful ancient Greek generals of the Hellenistic The Pyrrhic War ( 280 &ndash 275 BC) was a complex series of battles and shifting political alliances among the Greeks (specifically Epirus, 3). What was left of its population submitted to Rome in 277 BC. The Roman Republic was the phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a Republican form of government a period which began with the overthrow of the After the Battle of Cannae in the Second Punic War (216 BC), Croton revolted from Rome, and Hannibal made it his winter quarters for three years; it was not recaptured until 205 or 204 BC. For the 11th century battle in the Byzantine conquest of the Mezzogiorno, see Battle of Cannae (1018. The Second Punic War (referred to as "The War Against Hannibal" by the Romans lasted from 218 to 201 BC and involved combatants in the western Hannibal (Pronounced in Phoenician: Hanniba'al means " Ba'al is my grace " or " Ba'al has given me grace " 247 BC &ndash In 194 BC, it became the site of a Roman colony. Little more is heard of it during the Republican and Imperial periods, though the action of one of the more significant surviving fragments of the Satyricon of Petronius is set in Croton. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial Satyricon (or Satyrica) is a Latin work of fiction in a mixture of prose and poetry Petronius (ca 27–66 was a Roman writer of the Neronian age he was a noted satirist.
Around 550, the city was unsuccessfully besieged by Totila, king of the Ostrogoths. Totila (died Jul 1 552) was king of the Ostrogoths from 541 until his death The Ostrogoths (Ostrogothi or Austrogothi were a branch of the Goths, an East Germanic tribe that played a major role in the political events of the late At a later date it became a part of the Byzantine Empire. About 870 it was taken and sacked by the Saracens, who put to death the bishop and many people who had taken refuge in the cathedral. Saracen was a term used by Europeans in the Middle Ages for Fatimids at first then later for all who professed the religion of Islam. Over a hundred years later, Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor, mounted a campaign in southern Italy to drive them out and reduce the power of the Byzantines, but was defeated by a Kalbid army near Cotrone on July 13, 982. For the battle called "Punta Stilo" see Battle of Calabria. Kalbids were a Muslim dynasty in Sicily, which ruled from 948 to 1053. Events 1174 - William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173-1174, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Events By Place Americas Greenland is discovered by Erik the Red (the first known European contact with North Later on Cotrone was conquered by the Normans. The Normans were the people who gave their names to Normandy, a region in northern France. Thereafter it shared the fate of the Kingdom of Naples—including the period of Spanish rule of which the 16th-century castle of Charles V, overlooking modern Crotone, serves as a reminder—and its successor, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, which was conquered by the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1860 and incorporated into the new Kingdom of Italy in 1861. The Kingdom of Naples was an informal name of the Polity officially known as the Kingdom of Sicily which existed on the mainland of the southern Italian Charles V (24 February 1500 &ndash 21 September 1558 was The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies ( Regno delle Due Sicilie) commonly known as just the Two Sicilies, was the name of a Kingdom in Europe. Kingdom of Sardinia, also known as Piedmont-Sardinia or Sardinia-Piedmont, was the name given to the possessions of the House of Savoy in 1720 when the
Crotone's location between the ports of Taranto and Messina, as well as its proximity to a source of hydroelectric power, favored industrial development during the period between the two World Wars. Not to be confused with Toronto. Taranto ( Ancient Greek: Tarās; Modern Greek: Tarantas) is a coastal city in In the 1930s its population doubled. Unfortunately, the two main employers, Pertusola Sud and Montedison, collapsed. By the late 1980s Crotone was in economic crisis, with many residents losing their jobs and leaving to find work elsewhere. In 1996, a flood dealt a further blow to the city's morale. Since that low point, the city has undergone urban renewal and risen in quality-of-life rankings.
Main sights
- the Cathedral, originally from the 9th-11th century, but largely rebuilt. It has a neo-classical façade, while the interior has a nave with two aisles, with Baroque decorations. Noteworthy are a baptismal font (12th century) and the Madonna di Capo Colonna, the icon of the Black Madonna which, according to the tradition, was brought from East in the first years of the Christian era.
- The 16th century Castle of Charles V. It houses the Town Museum, with findings excavated in the ancient site of Kroton. Notables are also the remnants of the walls, of the same century, and of various watchtowers.
- The ancient castle built on an island, with accessibility on foot limited to a narrow strip of land, is referred to as Le Castella.
Transportation
Crotone Airport (Sant'Anna Airport) is served by Air One and charter airlines. Crotone Airport or Sant'Anna Airport ( Italian Aeroporto di Santa Anna-Crotone) is an Airport serving Crotone, in the Calabria Air One SpA is an independent Airline based in Rome, Italy. It operates a high-frequency domestic scheduled network to 36 destinations in Italy Crotone has also a railway station, although much of the tourism is served by the Salerno-Reggio Calabria highway. In recent time Crotone Port has been used by visitors on yacht charter cruising vacations. Yacht chartering is the practice of Renting, or chartering a Sailboat or Motor yacht and travelling to various Coastal or Island destinations
Religion
According to local legend the Gospel was preached there by St. Dionysius the Areopagite. Dionysius the Areopagite ( Greek) was the Judge of the Areopagus who as related in the Acts of the Apostles, ( Its first known bishop was Flavianus, during whose episcopate occurred the siege of the city by Totila. Other bishops were: Theodosios (642); Petrus (680); Theotimus (790); and Nicephorus (870). Worthy of note are: Antonio Sebastiano Minturno (1565), a polished writer and poet; Juan López (1595), a Spanish Dominican; Tommaso dai Monti (1599), a Theatine famous for his zeal; and Niceforo Melisseno Comneno (1628), who had previously rendered signal service to the Holy See in the Orient and in France. The Order of Preachers ( Latin: Ordo Praedicatorum) after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is The Theatines or the Congregation of Clerks Regular of the Divine Providence are a male Religious order of the Catholic Church, with the post-nominal initials The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome, commonly known as the Pope, and is the preeminent Episcopal see of the Roman Catholic
Museums
Croton hosts a national archaeological museum, a municipal museum, a municipal art gallery, and a provincial museum of contemporary art, as well as the Antiquarium di Torre Nao.
Sport
F.C. Crotone is a football club in Serie C1. Football Club Crotone is a football club based in Crotone, Calabria. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered
Notable people
- Milo (6th century BC) Greek athlete
- Astylos (5th century BC) Greek athlete
External links
References
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. Milo or Milon of Croton (late 6th century BC was a famous ancient Greek athlete The 6th century BC started the first day of 600 BC and ended the last day of 501 BC. Astylos of Croton (Ἄστυλος/Ἀστύαλος ὁ Κροτωνιάτης was an athlete from Ancient Greece that starred in the Ancient Olympics of the 5th The 5th century BC started the first day of 500 BC and ended the last day of 401 BC. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
- This article incorporates text from the public-domain Catholic Encyclopedia of 1913. The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone The Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to today as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language Encyclopedia published by The Encyclopedia
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