| Crotonaldehyde | |
|---|---|
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| IUPAC name | (E)-2-Butenal |
| Other names | Crotonaldehyde crotoinic aldehyde β-Methacrolein |
| Molecular formula | C4H6O |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | [123-73-9] |
| SMILES | O=C/C=C/C |
| Properties | |
| Molar mass | 70. IUPAC Nomenclature is a system of naming Chemical compounds and of describing the science of Chemistry in general A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the Atoms that constitute a particular Chemical compound, and how the relationship between those atoms changes CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for Chemical compounds Polymers biological sequences mixtures and Alloys They are also referred to Molar mass, symbol M, is the Mass of one mole of a substance ( Chemical element or Chemical compound) 09 g/mol |
| Density | 0. The density of a material is defined as its Mass per unit Volume: \rho = \frac{m}{V} Different materials usually have different 846 g/cm3 |
| Melting point |
-76. The melting point of a solid is the temperature range at which it changes state from solid to Liquid. 5 °C |
| Boiling point |
104. The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the Vapor pressure of the liquid equals the environmental pressure surrounding the liquid 0 °C |
| Solubility in water | organic solvents |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1. Solubility is the characteristic Physical property referring to the ability of a given substance the Solute, to dissolve in a Solvent. Water is a common Chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of Life. The refractive index (or index of Refraction) of a medium is a measure for how much the speed of light (or other waves such as sound waves is reduced inside the medium 4362 |
| Hazards | |
| NFPA 704 |
 3
4
2
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| R-phrases | 11-24/25-26-37/38-41-48/22-50-68 |
| S-phrases | 26-28-36/37/39-45-61 |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
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Crotonaldehyde is a chemical compound with the formula CH3CH=CHCHO. Symbolism The four divisions are typically color-coded with blue indicating level of Health Hazard, red indicating R-phrases (short for Risk Phrases) are defined in Annex III of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Nature of special risks attributed to dangerous S-phrases are defined in Annex IV of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Safety advice concerning dangerous substances and preparations. In Chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 Kilopascals exactly A chemical compound is a substance consisting of two or more different elements chemically bonded together in a fixed proportion by Mass. A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the Atoms that constitute a particular Chemical compound, and how the relationship between those atoms changes The compound is usually sold as a mixture of the E- and Z-isomers, which differ with respect to the relative position of the methyl and formyl groups. In Chemistry, a methyl group is a Hydrophobic Alkyl Functional group named after Methane (4 An aldehyde is an organic compound containing a terminal Carbonyl group. The E-isomer is more common (data given in Table is for the E-isomer). This lachrymatory liquid is moderately soluble in water and miscible in organic solvents. A lachrymatory agent or lachrymator (from lacrima meaning "a tear " in Latin) (commonly referred to as tear gas) is a As an unsaturated aldehyde, crotonaldehyde is a versatile intermediate in organic synthesis. Organic synthesis is a special branch of Chemical synthesis and is concerned with the construction of Organic compounds via Organic reactions Organic It occurs in a variety of foodstuffs, e. g. soybean oils. [1]
Contents |
Production and uses
Crotonaldehyde is produced by the aldol condensation of acetaldehyde:
- 2 CH3CHO → CH3CH=CHCHO + H2O
Its main application is as a precursor to fine chemicals. An Aldol condensation is an Organic reaction in which an Enolate ion reacts with a Carbonyl compound to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone followed Acetaldehyde, sometimes known as ethanal, is an organic chemical compound with the formula C[[Hydrogen H]]3CH O or MeCHO Sorbic acid, a food preservative, and trimethylhydroquinone, a precursor to the vitamin E, are prepared from crotonaldehyde. Sometimes confused with Ascorbic acid, Vitamin C. Sorbic acid, or 24-hexadienoic acid is a natural Organic compound Other derivatives include crotonic acid and 3-methoxybutanol. [1]
Crotonaldehyde is a multifunctional molecule that exhibits diverse reactivity. It is an excellent prochiral dienophile. In Chemistry, prochiral molecules can be converted from achiral to chiral in a single step [2] It is a Michael acceptor. The Michael reaction or Michael addition is the Nucleophilic addition of a Carbanion to an alpha beta unsaturated carbonyl compound. Addition of methylmagnesium chloride affords 3-penten-2-ol. Methylmagnesium chloride is a commercially available Grignard reagent. [3]
Safety
Crotonaldehyde is an irritant. It is listed as an "extremely hazardous substance" as defined by the U. This is a list of Extremely Hazardous Substances as defined by Section 302 of the U S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act. The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986 is a United States federal law passed by the 99th United States Congress located at Title 40 Chapter It occurs widely in nature.
See also
References
- ^ a b R. A crotyl group is an organic Functional group with the formula CH2CH=CHCH3 Crotonic acid, or trans-2-butenoic acid is a short-chain unsaturated Carboxylic acid, described by the formula CH3CH=CHCO2H Crotyl alcohol, or crotonyl alcohol is an unsaturated Alcohol. Methacrolein, or methacrylaldehyde is an unsaturated Aldehyde. P. Schulz, J. Blumenstein, C. Kohlpaintner "Crotonaldehyde and Crotonic Acid" Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology Wiley-VCH, Weinheim: 2005. DOI: 10. 1002/14356007. a08 083
- ^ Longley, Jr. , R. I. . ; Emerson, W. S. ; Blardinelli, A. J. (1963). "3,4-Dihydro-2-methoxy-4-methyl-2H-pyran". Org. Synth.; Coll. Organic Syntheses is a Scientific journal that since 1921 has provided the Chemistry community with annual collections of detailed and checked procedures Vol. 4: 311.
- ^ Coburn, E. R. (1955). "3-Penten-2-ol". Org. Synth.; Coll. Organic Syntheses is a Scientific journal that since 1921 has provided the Chemistry community with annual collections of detailed and checked procedures Vol. 3: 696.
- Merck Index, 11th Edition, 2599
- Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet
Dictionary
crotonaldehyde
-noun
- (organic chemistry) The unsaturated aliphatic aldehyde CH3-CH=CH-CHO that is used in organic synthesis
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