| Comune di Crema | |
|---|---|
 Municipal coat of arms |
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| Country |  Italy |
| Region | Lombardy |
| Province | Cremona (CR) |
| Mayor | Bruno Bruttomesso (since May 28, 2007) |
| Elevation | 79 m (259 ft) |
| Area | 34 km² (13 sq mi) |
| Population (as of 2001) | |
| - Total | 32,913 |
| - Density | 968/km² (2,507/sq mi) |
| Time zone | CET, UTC+1 |
| Coordinates | |
| Gentilic | Cremaschi |
| Dialing code | 0373 |
| Postal code | 26013 |
| Frazioni | Santo Stefano in Vairano, Santa Maria dei Mosi, Vergonzana |
| Patron | Saint Pantaleo |
| - Day | June 10 |
| Website: www.comunecrema.it | |
Crema is a town in the province of Cremona, in the region of Lombardy in northern Italy. The Province of Cremona (Italian Provincia di Cremona) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Lombardy (Lombardia Latin: Langobardia, Western Lombard: Lumbardìa, Eastern Lombard: Lombardia) is one of the Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest It is built along the river Serio at 43 km from Cremona. The Serio is an Italian River that flows entirely within Lombardy, crossing the provinces of Bergamo and Cremona. Cremonese redirects here For the football team see US Cremonese Cremona is a City in northern Italy, situated It is also the seat of a Catholic Bishop. Catholic is an Adjective derived from the Greek adjective '' / 'katholikos' meaning "whole" or "complete". A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight Crema's main economic activities traditionally relate to agriculture and cattle breeding, but Its manufactures include now cheese, iron products and cotton and wool textiles. Inhabitants are called cremaschi, singular cremasco.
History
Crema's origins has been linked to the Lombard invasion of 6th century CE, the name deriving from the Lombard term Krem meaning "little hill". The Lombards ( Latin Langobardi, whence the alternative names Langobards and Longobards) were a Germanic people originally from The 6th century is the period from 501 to 600 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. Other authorities put its foundation back to the 4th century CE, when Milan was capital of the Western Roman Empire. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 4th century (per the Julian calendar and Anno Domini / Common era) was that Century Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. The Western Roman Empire refers to the western half of the Roman Empire, from its division by Diocletian in 285 the other half of the Roman Empire was the Eastern According to another version, it was instead an even more ancient Celtic or Etruscan settlement. Celts (ˈkɛlts or /ˈsɛlts/, see Names of the Celts Etruscan civilization is the modern English name given to the culture and way of life of a people of ancient Italy
Crema first appears in historical documents in the 11th century, as a possession of the counts of Camisano. It was then ruled by Boniface, margrave of Tuscany, and his daughter Matilde. Boniface III (also Boniface IV or Boniface of Canossa; c 985 &ndash 6 May 1052) the father of Matilda of Canossa, was the most Tuscany (Toscana is a region in Italy. It has an area of 22990 km² and a population of about 3 Matilda of Canossa ( Italian: Matilde, Latin: Mathilde; 1046 &ndash 24 July 1115) called la Gran Contessa In 1098, Matilde gave the town as a gift to the Bishop of Cremona. During this period the prosperity of Crema's territory began as agriculture was boosted and the Humiliates' Order introduced the working of wool, which was to be the area's main economic activity till the 19th century. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar
In 1159, after it had made an alliance with Milan against the Ghibelline Cremona, Crema was besieged, stormed and destroyed by the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa. Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. The Guelphs and Ghibellines were factions supporting respectively the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire in central and northern Italy Frederick I Barbarossa (1122 &ndash 10 June 1190) was elected King of Germany at Frankfurt on 4 March 1152 and crowned The siege of Crema was marked by several episode of brutality. The Germans hung some Cremaschi prisoners to their siege machines hoping the defenders would not fire against their fellows. However, this expedient did not work, and turned into a slaughter.
After the Peace of Constance (1185) the city was allowed to be rebuilt as a castrum ("castle"). The Peace of Constance of 1183 was signed in Konstanz by Frederick Barbarossa and representatives of the Lombard League. Henry VI give it back to his allied Cremonese. Henry VI (November 1165 – 28 September 1197) was King of Germany from 1190 to 1197 Holy Roman Emperor from 1191 to 1197 and King A period as a free commune followed, in which however the tendency to partisan struggles, typical of the Northern Italy communes of that age, soon showed. In any case, the city was reinforced with new walls, ditches and gates (1199), and a network of canals further improved agriculture. In the 13th century Crema was also enriched with its famous Cathedral and the Palazzo Pretorio.
The communal autonomy ended in 1335, when the city surrendered to Gian Galeazzo Visconti, whose family held the city until the end of the century. Gian Galeazzo Visconti (November 1351 – September 3, 1402) son of Galeazzo II Visconti and Bianca di Savoia, was the first Duke of Milan In 1361 Crema was touched by the Black Death. The Black Death, or the Black Plague, was one of the deadliest Pandemics in human history widely thought to have been caused by a bacterium named Yersinia A brief period of rule by the Guelph Benzoni family followed (Bartolomeo and Paolo from 1403 to 1405, then their nephew Giorgio until 1423). The seignory passed again to the Visconti, and, from 1449 onwards, to the Republic of Venice. The Most Serene Republic of Venice ((Serenìsima Repùblica Vèneta or Repùblica de Venesia Serenissima Repubblica
As a Venetian inland province, Crema obtained numerous privileges and was safe from the economic decline of the nearby Duchy of Milan under the Spanish rule. The Duchy of Milan was a state in northern Italy from 1394 to 1797 It kept a substantial autonomy, which permitted a program of new buildings. These included a new line of wall, the rebuilding of the Palazzo Comunale (1525-1533), the Palazzo della Notaria, now Palazzo Vescovile. In 1580 Crema became a diocese and built the new, splendid church of Santa Maria della Croce (1490).
The 17th century saw the beginning of the decadence of the city, caused by the fall of its industrial activities, although agriculture continued to flourish. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar In 1796 an Academy of Agriculture was founded. Year 1796 ( MDCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year After the fall of the Most Serene in 1797, the French army deposed the last podestà and created a municipality. Year 1797 ( MDCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common At first Crema formed the province of Crema-Lodi, but later it was annexed to the province of Cremona. In 1814, Napoleon’s Empire fell apart, and Crema became an Austrian possession. Year 1814 ( MDCCCXIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich
Crema was annexed to Italy in the Risorgimento. Italian Unification ( Italian: il Risorgimento, or "The Resurgence" was the political and social movement that unified different states of the Italian Thenceforth it was a part of the Italian Kingdom and, after World War II, of the Italian Republic.
Crema gave birth to many illustrious people: the painters Civerchio, Buso and Urbino; the musicians Petrali, Giovanni Bottesini, Benzi and Francesco Cavalli; the mathematician Giovanni Vailati, the journalist Beppe Severgnini and the poet Pesadori. Giovanni Bottesini ( December 22, 1821 - July 7, 1889) was an Italian Romantic Composer, conductor Francesco Cavalli ( February 14 1602 &ndash January 14 1676) was an Italian composer of the early Baroque Giuseppe "Beppe" Severgnini, OBE, (born December 26, 1956) is an Italian Journalist, Writer and Columnist
According to documents held in the archives of the Diocese, Crema was also the town of origin of the Mastai Ferretti, the Senigallian family of Pope Pius IX. Senigallia or Sinigaglia is a Comune and port town on Italy 's Adriatic coast 25 km by rail north of Ancona in the Marche region Blessed Pope Pius IX (May 13 1792 &ndash February 7 1878 born Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti, was Pope from June 16 1846 until 1878
Main sights
Crema's main monuments include:
- The Duomo (Cathedral) in Lombard-Gothic style, with a tall bell-tower completed in 1604
- The church of Santa Maria della Croce (St. This article is about Gothic art See also Gothic architecture Gothic art was a Medieval art movement that lasted about 200 Mary of the Cross) built in 1493-1500 by Giovanni Battagio
- The church of the Santo Spirito (16th century)
- The Palazzo Comunale ("Town Hall")
- The Palazzo Pretorio
- The Palazzo Vescovile
Sister cities
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