River Crathis, Calabria

The Crathis or Crater (Greek: Κρᾶθις; Italian: Crati), is one of the most considerable rivers of Bruttium (modern Calabria), which in the northern part of its course formed the boundary between that region and Lucania. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. Calabria ( Latin: Brutium) is a region in southern Italy, south of Naples, located at the "toe" of Calabria ( Latin: Brutium) is a region in southern Italy, south of Naples, located at the "toe" of Lucania was an ancient district of southern Italy, extending from the Tyrrhenian Sea to the Gulf of Taranto. It rises in the central mountain group of Bruttium (the Sila Mountains), a few miles south of Consentia (modern Cosenza), flows below the walls of that city, where it is joined by the smaller stream of the Basentus or Busentus (modern Busento), and has a course nearly due north through the center of the Bruttian peninsula, until it approaches the borders of Lucania, when it turns abruptly to the east and flows into the Gulf of Tarentum, immediately to the south of the ancient site of Thurii. The Sila (or Italian La Sila) is the name of the mountainous Plateau and historic region located in Calabria, southern Italy Cosenza is a city in Italy, located at the confluence of the rivers Busento and Crathis. The Busento River is a left side tributary of the Crathis (Crati in Italian River The Gulf of Taranto ( Italian: Golfo di Taranto, Latin: Sinus Tarentinus) is a gulf of the Ionian Sea, in southern Italy Thurii &ndash Greek:, called also by some Latin writers and by Ptolemy, Thurium ( Ptol

At the present day, at a distance of over three miles from its mouth, it receives the waters of the river Sybaris (now called the Coscile), which in ancient times pursued its own course to the sea. From its close proximity to the celebrated city of Sybaris the Crathis is noticed by many ancient writers. Sybaris ( Greek:) was a celebrated city of Magna Graecia on the western shore of the Gulf of Taranto. (Lycophr. Alex. 919; Theocr. v. 16. ) Euripides sings its praises, and alludes to the peculiar golden-red tinge it was supposed to impart to the hair, a fact which is also noticed by Ovid and other writers. Euripides ( Ancient Greek:) (ca 480 BC–406 BC was the last of the three great tragedians of classical Athens (the other two being Aeschylus Publius Ovidius Naso ( March 20, 43 BC – 17 AD was a Roman poet known to the English -speaking world as Ovid who wrote on many topics including (Eur. Troad. 228; Ovid. Met. xv. 315; Strabo vi. Strabo ( Greek: Στράβων 63/64 BC – ca AD 24 was a Greek historian, geographer and philosopher. p. 263; Pliny xxxi. Gaius or Caius Plinius Secundus, ( AD 23 – August 25, AD 79 better known as Pliny the Elder, was an ancient Author 2. s. 10; Vib. Seq. p. 9; Timaeus ap. Antig. Caryst. 149. ) The plains through which the Crathis flows in the latter part of its course were noticed in ancient times for their fertility: by the 19th century they had become marshy and unhealthy. Like all streams which descend from a mountainous region, and afterwards flow through a flat alluvial tract, the river was subject to violent inundations and sudden changes of its course: during the flourishing days of Sybaris it was doubtless restrained by dams and artificial embankments; and hence when the citizens of Crotona, after their great victory over the Sybarites in 510 BCE, determined to annihilate the rival city, they broke down the banks of the Crathis and turned its waters on to the site of Sybaris. Alluvium (from the Latin, alluvius, from alluere, "to wash against" is Soil or Sediments deposited by a river or other running Croton may also refer to a plant genus See Croton (genus. Or to the NY village Croton-on-Hudson. Events and trends 519 BC — Zhou Jing Wang becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China. (Strab. vi. p. 263. ) Hence Herodotus incidentally notices the dry bed of the Crathis (v. Herodotus of Halicarnassus ( Greek: Hēródotos Halikarnāsseús) was a Greek Historian who lived in the 5th century BC ( 484 BC&ndash 45), which was evidently its ancient channel. The same author expressly tells us that the Italian river was named by the Achaeans who founded Sybaris, after the less celebrated stream of the same name in their native country. (Herod. i. 145; Strab. viii. p. 386. )

References

• This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by William Smith (1856). The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone The Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, first published in 1854, was the last of a series of classical dictionaries edited by the English scholar Sir William Smith (1813 &ndash 1893 English Lexicographer, was born at Enfield in 1813 of Nonconformist parents