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- This page describes the geological feature. Crater Lake is a Caldera Lake located in the US state of Oregon. Cuicocha is a wide Caldera and Crater lake at the foot of Cotacachi Volcano in the Cordillera Occidental of the Ecuadorian Andes. Mount Pinatubo is an active Stratovolcano located on the island of Luzon Mount Katmai is a large Stratovolcano (composite volcano on the Alaska Peninsula in southern Alaska, located within Katmai National Park and NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page Turkey also has a mountain called Nemrut Nemrut ( Turkish: Nemrut Dağı, Armenian: Սարակն "Mountain spring" The Irazú Volcano ( Volcán Irazú) is an Active volcano in Costa Rica, situated in the Cordillera Central close to the city of Cartago For the lake of the same name in Oregon, see Crater Lake. Crater Lake is a Caldera Lake located in the US state of Oregon.
A crater lake is a lake that forms in a volcanic crater, caldera, or maar. A lake (from Latin lacus) is a Terrain feature (or Physical feature) a body of Liquid on the surface of a world that is localized to the A volcanic crater is a circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity A caldera is a cauldron-like volcanic feature formed by the collapse of land following a volcanic eruption A maar is a broad low- Relief Volcanic crater that is caused by a Phreatomagmatic eruption, an Explosion caused by Groundwater Incoming precipitation fills the depression to form a deepening lake, until an equilibrium is reached between the rate of water coming in and the rate of water loss due to evaporation, subsurface drainage, and possibly also surface outflow if the lake fills the crater up to the lowest point on its rim. In Meteorology, precipitation (also known as one class of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric Evaporation is the process by which Molecules in a Liquid state (e Crater lakes covering active (fumarolic) volcanic vents are often known as volcanic lakes, and the water within them is typically acidic, saturated with volcanic gases, and cloudy with a strong greenish color. In Computer science, ACID ( Atomicity Consistency Isolation Durability) is a set of properties that guarantee that Database transactions are Volcanic gases include a variety of substances given off by active (or at times by dormant Volcanoes These include gases trapped in cavities ( Vesicles) in Lakes located in dormant or extinct volcanoes tend to have fresh water, and the water clarity in such lakes is often exceptional due to the lack of inflowing streams and sediment.
A well-known crater lake, which bears the same name as the geological feature, is Crater Lake in Oregon, USA. Crater Lake is a Caldera Lake located in the US state of Oregon. Oregon ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the It is located in the caldera of Mount Mazama, hence the name "Crater Lake" is somewhat of a misnomer. Mount Mazama is a destroyed Stratovolcano in the Oregon part of the Cascade Volcanic Arc and the Cascade Range. It is the deepest lake in the United States with a depth of 594 m (1,949 ft). Crater Lake is fed solely by falling rain and snow, with no inflow or outflow at the surface, and hence has the clearest water of any lake in the world.
The highest volcano in the world, 6,893 metres (22,615 ft) Ojos del Salado, has a permanent crater lake about 100 metres (300 ft) in diameter at an elevation of 6,390 m (20,960 ft) on its eastern side. Plate tectonics and hotspots Divergent plate boundaries At the Ojos del Salado is a massive Stratovolcano in the Andes on the Argentina - Chile border and the highest Volcano in the world at. [1] This is most likely the highest lake of any kind in the world. A lake (from Latin lacus) is a Terrain feature (or Physical feature) a body of Liquid on the surface of a world that is localized to the
Due to their unstable environment, some crater lakes exist only intermittently. Caldera lakes in contrast can be quite large and long-lasting; for instance, Lake Toba formed after its eruption around 70,000 years ago and has an area of over 1,000 square kilometres. Lake Toba ( Danau Toba) is a Lake and Supervolcano, 100 km long and 30 km wide and 505 m
While many crater lakes are picturesque, they can also be deadly. Gas discharges from Lake Nyos suffocated 1,800 people in 1986, and crater lakes such as Mount Ruapehu's often contribute to destructive lahars. Lake Nyos is a Crater lake in the Northwest Province of Cameroon. Mount Ruapehu, or just Ruapehu, is an active Stratovolcano at the southern end of the Taupo Volcanic Zone in New Zealand. A lahar is a type of Mudflow / Landslide composed of Pyroclastic material and Water that flows down from a Volcano, typically
Lakes can also fill impact craters, but these are not usually referred to as crater lakes except in a few isolated cases. In the broadest sense the term impact crater can be applied to any depression natural or manmade resulting from the high velocity impact of a projectile with larger body Example of such impact crater lakes include Lake Bosumtwi in Ghana and Siljan in Sweden. Lake Bosumtwi, situated within an ancient Meteorite Impact crater, is approximately 8 km across and the only natural lake in Ghana. Siljan, in Dalarna in central Sweden, is Sweden's sixth largest Lake.
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Notable crater lakes
See also
References
- Delmelle, Pierre & Bernard, Alain (1999), “Volcanic Lakes”, in Sigurdsson, Haraldur, Encyclopedia of Volcanoes, San Diego: Academic Press, pp. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Lake Atitlán ( Lago de Atitlán) is a large Endorheic Lake in the Guatemalan Highlands Guatemala (República de Guatemala) is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west the Pacific Ocean to the southwest The Blue Lake in Mount Gambier South Australia is a large Monomictic Lake located in an extinct volcanic Maar associated with the For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. South Australia is a state of Australia in the southern central part of the country Lake Bolsena ( Lago di Bolsena) is a Crater lake of central Italy, of volcanic origin which was formed 370000 years ago following the collapse Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Lake Bracciano (in Italian Lago di Bracciano) is a Lake of Volcanic origin in the Italian region of Lazio, 32 km northwest of Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Laguna Chicabal ( Laguna Chikabal) is a Guatemalan Lake sacred to the Mam Mayan people Guatemala (República de Guatemala) is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west the Pacific Ocean to the southwest Coatepeque Caldera ( Nahuatl cōātepēc, "at the Snake hill" is a Volcanic Caldera in El Salvador in Central El Salvador ( República de El Salvador,) is a country in Central America. Crater Lake is a Caldera Lake located in the US state of Oregon. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Oregon ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Cuicocha is a wide Caldera and Crater lake at the foot of Cotacachi Volcano in the Cordillera Occidental of the Ecuadorian Andes. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Ecuador topics. North Korea is the commonly used short form name for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (or DPRK) a State located in East Asia, Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES The Irazú Volcano ( Volcán Irazú) is an Active volcano in Costa Rica, situated in the Cordillera Central close to the city of Cartago Costa Rica, officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( Spanish: Costa Rica or República de Costa Rica,) is a Country in The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the Mount Katmai is a large Stratovolcano (composite volcano on the Alaska Peninsula in southern Alaska, located within Katmai National Park and The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Alaska ( Аляска Alyaska) is a state in the United States of America, in the northwest of the North American continent See also Rapa Nui National Park, Easter Island#Geology Rano Kau is a tall Extinct volcano that forms the southwestern headland of Easter Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the Kelud ( Klut Cloot Kloet Kloete or Kelut) is a Volcano located in East Java on Java in Indonesia. The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. Kerið is a volcanic Crater lake located in south central Iceland, on the popular tourist route known as the Golden Circle. Iceland, officially the Republic of Iceland ( ( Ísland or Lýðveldið Ísland ( Kurile Lake (Курильское озеро is a large Caldera containing a Crater lake located in the southern part of Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Medicine Lake Volcano is a large Shield volcano in northeastern California about northeast of Mount Shasta. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Manicouagan Reservoir (also Lake Manicouagan) is an annular lake in central Quebec, Canada. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Quebec (kwɨˈbɛk ( Ainu: Kamuy-to) is a Landlocked Endorheic Crater lake formed in the Caldera of a dormant volcano For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Lake Nemi (Nemorensis Lacus is a small circular Volcanic lake in the Lazio region of Italy 30 kilometers south of Rome, taking its name from Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Turkey also has a mountain called Nemrut Nemrut ( Turkish: Nemrut Dağı, Armenian: Սարակն "Mountain spring" Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches Newberry Volcano is a large Shield volcano located east of the Cascade Range and about southeast of Bend Oregon. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Oregon ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Lake Nyos is a Crater lake in the Northwest Province of Cameroon. The Republic of Cameroon is a unitary republic of central and western Africa. Mount Pinatubo is an active Stratovolcano located on the island of Luzon The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP Rano Raraku is a volcanic crater formed of consolidated Volcanic ash, or Tuff, and located on the lower slopes of Terevaka in the Rapa Nui National Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the Mount Ruapehu, or just Ruapehu, is an active Stratovolcano at the southern end of the Taupo Volcanic Zone in New Zealand. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island is a Lake in Chitose, Hokkaidō, Japan. It is a part of the Shikotsu-Toya National Park. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. You may be looking for St Vincent Island Florida Saint Vincent is a volcanic Island in the Caribbean, the largest island Taal Lake is a Freshwater lake in the province of Batangas, on the island of Luzon, Philippines. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP Lake Taupo is a Lake situated in the North Island of New Zealand. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island is a Caldera Lake in Akita Prefecture, northern Japan. It is the deepest lake in Japan (the maximum depth is 423 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Lake Toba ( Danau Toba) is a Lake and Supervolcano, 100 km long and 30 km wide and 505 m The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. is the largest Caldera lake in the island of Honshū, Japan. Located in Aomori and Akita prefectures it lies 400 Meters For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Lake Vico is a volcanic Lake in northern Lazio region central Italy. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page Lake breakout is a Geological term that refers to the collapse of a (usually high-altitude lake Haraldur Sigurdsson was born May 31, 1939 Academic Press ( London, New York and San Diego) was an Academic Book Publisher that is now part of Elsevier. pp. 877–895, ISBN 012643140X
- Varekamp, Johan C. ; Rowe, Gary L. , Jr. (eds. ) (2000). "Crater Lakes". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 97 (1–4): pp. 1–508. (entire volume about crater lakes)
- Pasternack, G. B. ; Varekamp, J. C. (1997). "Volcanic lake systematics I. Physical constraints". Bulletin of Volcanology 58 (7): pp. 526–538.
- Kusakabe, Minoru (ed. ) (1994). "Geochemistry of Crater Lakes". Geochemical Journal 28 (3): pp. 137–306. (entire issue about chemistry of crater lakes)
- IAVCEI Commission of Volcanic Lakes
- IAVCEI Commission of Volcanic Lakes: Some fundamentals about Crater Lakes
- The Science of Volcanic Lakes
- Volcanic Lakes of the World
- ^ Andes Website - Information about Ojos del Salado volcano, a high mountain in South America and the World's highest volcano
- ^ http://www.gtz.de/de/praxis/11695.htm Description of Mount Wenchi crater lake on the website of GTZ
External links
- USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: Water on volcanoes: heavy rain and crater lakes
- USGS Cascades Volcano Observatory: Volcanic Lakes
- The Science of Volcanic Lakes, Greg Pasternack, U. The Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (German Technical Cooperation or GTZ is a private international enterprise founded by Erhard Eppler California Davis
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