County Cork Contae Chorcaí
Location
Statistics
Province:	Munster
County seat:	Cork
Code:	C
Area:	7,457 km² (2,879 sq mi)
Population (2006)	480,909 (including City of Cork); 361,766 (without Cork City)
Website: www.corkcoco.ie

County Cork (Irish: Contae Chorcaí) is the most southerly and the largest of the modern counties of Ireland. Poetic description This dinnseanchas poem named Ard Ruide (Ruide Headland poetically describes the kingdoms of Ireland Munster ( Irish: An Mhumhain, ənˈvuːnʲ Cúige Mumhan or Mumha) is the southernmost of the four Provinces of Ireland. A county town is the 'capital' of a County in the United Kingdom or Republic of Ireland. Cork (Corcaigh is the second largest city in the Republic of Ireland and the island of Ireland 's third most populous city after Dublin and Belfast Registration marks on Number plates in Ireland issued since 1987 have the format YY-CC-SSSSSS where the components are YY &mdash a 2-digit Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Cork (Corcaigh is the second largest city in the Republic of Ireland and the island of Ireland 's third most populous city after Dublin and Belfast Irish (ga ''Gaeilge'' is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish. Ireland ( Irish: Éire, ˈeːrʲə is a country in north-western Europe. Cork is nicknamed "The Rebel County", as a result of the support of the townsmen of Cork in 1491 for Perkin Warbeck, a pretender to the throne of England during the Wars of the Roses. Cork (Corcaigh is the second largest city in the Republic of Ireland and the island of Ireland 's third most populous city after Dublin and Belfast Perkin Warbeck (1474 &ndash 23 November 1499) was a Pretender to the English throne during the reign of King Henry VII of England The Wars of the Roses (1455–1485 were a series of dynastic Civil wars fought in England between supporters of the Houses of Lancaster and York In more recent times, the name has referred to the prominent role Cork played in the Irish War of Independence (1919-1921) and its position as an anti-treaty stronghold during the Irish Civil War (1922-23). The Irish War of Independence (or Tan War, or Anglo-Irish War, Irish: Cogadh na Saoirse) from January 1919 to July 1921 was a guerrilla The Irish Civil War ( June 28 1922 &ndash May 24 1923) pitted supporters of the Anglo-Irish Treaty against its opponents Attractions include the Blarney Stone and Cobh (formerly Queenstown), the port where many Irish emigrants boarded for their voyage to the United States, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, or South Africa and also the last stop of the Titanic, before departing on its doomed journey. The Blarney Stone is a block of Bluestone built into the battlements of Blarney Castle, Blarney about 8 km from Cork, Ireland. Cobh (pronounced /koːv/ "cove" An Cóbh is a sheltered seaport town on the south coast of County Cork, Ireland. "Emigrant" redirects here For the Butterflies, see Catopsilia. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa Construction The Titanic was a White Star Line ocean liner built at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, Ireland The city of Cork is the second largest city in the Republic of Ireland and capital of the province of Munster. The second city of a country is the City that is (or was the second-most important usually after the Capital or first city Poetic description This dinnseanchas poem named Ard Ruide (Ruide Headland poetically describes the kingdoms of Ireland Munster ( Irish: An Mhumhain, ənˈvuːnʲ Cúige Mumhan or Mumha) is the southernmost of the four Provinces of Ireland. ^[1]

The remote western area of the county, known as West Cork, is a popular destination for tourists, who visit the small villages and islands including Sherkin Island, Oileán Chléire or Cape Clear Island and Dursey Island. West Cork (Iarthar Chorcaí in south-west Ireland, lies in Ireland's largest county County Cork. Sherkin Island (from the Irish Inis Earcáin) lies southwest of County Cork in Ireland alongside other islands of Roaringwater Bay Cape Clear Island, (official name Cléire and sometimes also referred to in Irish as ' Oileán Chléire') lies south west of County Cork in Ireland Dursey Island (Baoi Bhéarra or ga Oileán Baoi) lies at the south-western tip of the Beara Peninsula in the west of County Cork in Mizen Head, the "southwesternmost point in Ireland" is also in West Cork, as is Sheep's Head. Mizen Head (Carn Uí Néid at the western extremity of the peninsula formerly known as the Ivagha Peninsula or Uíbh Eachach, is the south-westernmost point Sheep's Head, also known as Muntervary (Rinn Mhuintir Bháire is the headland at the end of the peninsula between Bantry Bay and Dunmanus Bay

In recent years land in the far west of the county has become in high demand internationally, and large numbers of EU citizens have settled in the area, along with celebrities such as Jeremy Irons. The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in Jeremy John Irons (born September 19 1948) is an English film television and stage Actor. West Cork is noted for its rugged natural beauty, fine beaches and distinct social atmosphere.

Contents 1 History 2 Language 3 Economy 4 Suburbs & Towns 4.1 Media 5 Wildlife 6 Septs and Families of Cork 7 Location Grid 8 References 9 See also 10 External links

History

Main article: History of Cork

Much of what is now county Cork was once part of the Kingdom of Deis Muin (South Munster), anglicised as "Desmond", ruled by the MacCarthy Mór dynasty. Cork, located on Ireland 's south coast is the Republic of Ireland 's second largest city and capital of the province of Munster. Munster ( Irish: An Mhumhain, ənˈvuːnʲ Cúige Mumhan or Mumha) is the southernmost of the four Provinces of Ireland. After the Norman Invasion in the 12th century, the McCarthy clan were pushed westward into what is now West Cork and County Kerry. The later medieval period in Ireland (" Norman Ireland " was dominated by the Cambro-Norman invasion of the country in 1171. County Kerry ( Contae Chiarraí in Irish) is a southwestern county of Ireland. The north and east of Cork were taken by the Hiberno-Norman Fitzgerald dynasty, who became the Earl of Desmond. The term Hiberno-Norman is used of those Norman lords who settled in Ireland, admitting little if any real Fealty to the Anglo-Norman settlers The title of Earl of Desmond has been held historically by lords in Ireland, first as a title outside of the peerage system and later as part of the Peerage of Ireland Cork City was given an English Royal Charter in 1318 and for many centuries was an outpost for Old English culture. The Old English (Seanghaill were the descendants of the settlers who came to Ireland from Wales, Normandy and England after the Norman The Fitzgerald Desmond dynasty was destroyed in the Desmond Rebellions of 1569-1573 and 1579-83. The Desmond Rebellions occurred in between 1569-1573 and 1579-1583 in Munster in southern Ireland ('Desmond' is the English language name given to the Gaelic 'Deasmumhain' Much of county Cork was devastated in the fighting, particularly in the Second Desmond Rebellion. The Second Desmond rebellion (1579-1583 was the more widespread and bloody of the two Desmond Rebellions launched by the Fitzgerald dynasty of Desmond In the aftermath, much of Cork was colonised by English settlers in the Plantation of Munster. Plantations in 16th and 17th century Ireland were established throughout the country by the confiscation of lands occupied by Gaelic clans and Hiberno-Norman dynasties

In 1491 Cork played a part in the English Wars of the Roses when Perkin Warbeck, a pretender to the English throne, landed in the city and tried to recruit support for a plot to overthrow Henry VII of England. The Wars of the Roses (1455–1485 were a series of dynastic Civil wars fought in England between supporters of the Houses of Lancaster and York Perkin Warbeck (1474 &ndash 23 November 1499) was a Pretender to the English throne during the reign of King Henry VII of England The mayor of Cork and several important citizens went with Warbeck to England but when the rebellion collapsed they were all captured and executed. Cork's nickname of the 'rebel city' originates in these events. The nickname was later applied to the whole county.

In 1601 the decisive Battle of Kinsale took place in County Cork, which was to lead to English domination of Ireland for centuries. The Siege of Kinsale was the ultimate battle in England 's conquest of Gaelic Ireland. Kinsale had been the scene of a landing of Spanish troops to help Irish rebels in the Nine Years War (1594-1603). The Nine Years War (Cogadh na Naoi mBliana in Ireland took place from 1594 to 1603 and is also known as Tyrone's Rebellion. When this force was defeated, the rebel hopes for victory in the war were all but ended. County Cork was officially created by a division of the older County Desmond in 1606. County Desmond (Deas Mumhain was a historic kingdom earldom and county of Ireland located on the country's south-western coast

In the 19th century, Cork was a centre for the Fenians and for the constitutional nationalism of the Irish Parliamentary Party. The Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB was a secret oath-bound fraternal organisation dedicated to the establishment of an "independent democratic Republic" in the mid nineteenth The Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP (commonly called the Irish Party was formed in 1882 by Charles Stewart Parnell, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing The county was a hotbed of guerrilla activity during the Irish War of Independence 1919-1921. The Irish War of Independence (or Tan War, or Anglo-Irish War, Irish: Cogadh na Saoirse) from January 1919 to July 1921 was a guerrilla Three Cork Brigades of the Irish Republican Army operated in the county and another in the city. The Irish Republican Army ( IRA) (Óglaigh na hÉireann was a military organisation descended from the Irish Volunteers, established 25 November 1913 and who Prominent actions included the Kilmichael Ambush in November 1920 and the Crossbarry Ambush in March 1921. The Kilmichael Ambush (Luíochán Chill Mhichíl on November 28 1920 was a turning point in the Irish War of Independence. The Crossbarry Ambush on March 19, 1921 in the village of Crossbarry twenty Kilometres south-west of Cork city was one of the largest engagements The activity of IRA flying columns, such as the one under Tom Barry in west Cork, was recently popularised in the Ken Loach film The Wind That Shakes The Barley. A flying column, in military organization is an independent corps of troops usually composed of all arms to which a particular task is assigned ---- Thomas (Tom Barry (Tomás de Barra ( July 1 1897 - July 2 1980) was one of the most prominent guerrilla leaders in Kenneth Loach (born 17 June 1936) known as Ken Loach, is an English television and Film director. The Wind That Shakes the Barley is a 2006 Ken Loach Film set during the Irish War of Independence (1919–21 and the Irish Civil War The centre of Cork city was razed to the ground by the British Black and Tans, in December 1920 as were many other towns and villages around the county. The term Black and Tans (Dúchrónaigh refers to the Royal Irish Constabulary Reserve Force ( Fórsa Chúltaca Chonstáblacht Ríoga na hÉireann) which was one of ^[2]

During the Irish Civil War (1922-23), most of the IRA units in Cork sided against the Anglo-Irish Treaty. The Irish Civil War ( June 28 1922 &ndash May 24 1923) pitted supporters of the Anglo-Irish Treaty against its opponents The Anglo-Irish Treaty (An Conradh Angla-Éireannach officially called the Articles of Agreement for a Treaty Between Great Britain and Ireland, was a Treaty From July to August 1922 they held the city and county as part of the so called Munster Republic. The Munster Republic was a term used by Irish republicans to refer to the territory they held in the province of Munster at the start of the Irish Civil However, Cork was taken by troops of the Irish Free State in August 1922 in the Irish Free State offensive, that included both overland and seaborne attacks. The Irish Free State (Saorstát Éireann (1922&ndash1937 was the state established as a Dominion on 6 December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty, signed by The Irish Free State offensive of July–September 1922 was the decisive military stroke of the Irish Civil War. For the remainder of the war, the county saw sporadic guerrilla fighting until the Anti-Treaty side called a ceasefire and dumped their arms in May 1923. Michael Collins, a key figure in the War of Independence, was born near Clonakilty and assassinated during the civil war in Béal na Bláth, both in West Cork. Michael John ("Mick" Collins (Mícheál Seán Ó Coileáin 16 October 1890 &ndash 22 August 1922 was an Irish revolutionary leader, Minister for Clonakilty (Cloich na Coillte Clanna Chaoilte often referred to by locals simply as Clon, is a small town in West County Cork, Ireland, approximately Béal na mBláth (mouth of the flowers often incorrectly spelled Béal na Bláth is a tiny village in West Cork, Province of Munster, Ireland

Language

County Cork has two Gaeltacht areas where the Irish language is the primary medium of everyday speech. ga '''Gaeltacht''' ( plural ga ''Gaeltachtaí'' is the Irish language word meaning an Irish-speaking region Irish (ga ''Gaeilge'' is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish. These are Múscraí (English: Muskerry) in the north of the county, especially the village of Cúil Aodha (English: Coolea) and Oileán Chléire (English: Cape Clear Island) an island in the west. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Coolea (Cúil Aodha is a Townland and village in the Gaeltacht region of Muskerry in County Cork in Ireland. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Cape Clear Island, (official name Cléire and sometimes also referred to in Irish as ' Oileán Chléire') lies south west of County Cork in Ireland

Economy

Main article: Economy of Cork

The South-West region comprising of counties Cork and Kerry contribute € 24,877 billion ($39. County Kerry ( Contae Chiarraí in Irish) is a southwestern county of Ireland. Please update other articles as well to avoid contradiction within Wikipedia e 3 billion USD)(2005 values; 2008 exchange rate) towards the Irish GDP. ^[3] The harbour area to the immediate east of the city is home to a large number of pharmaceutical and medical companies. A harbor or harbour (see spelling differences) or haven, is a place where ships may shelter from the Weather or are stored

Suburbs & Towns

• Douglas (23,193)
• Ballincollig (16,339)
• Glanmire (15,498)
• Lehenagh (9,435)
• Rathcooney (7,141)

• Carrigaline (16,664)
• Cobh (12,887)
• Mallow (11,195)
• Midleton (10,336)
• Youghal (7,195)
• Fermoy (5,800)
• Charleville (2,984)

Media

Print

• The Imokilly People Not in Print anymore (East Cork)
• The Carrigdhoun
• The Cork Weekly [1] Free paper for Metropolitan Cork incorporating the Douglas Weekly
• The Corkman
• The Mallow Star
• The Douglas Post

• The Southern Star
• The Vale Star
• The Avondhu
• Evening Echo

Radio

• 103FM County Sound
• CRY 104.0FM
• Cork's 96FM
• Red FM

Wildlife

A collection of the marine algae is housed in the Herbarium of the botany department of the University College Cork. Ballincollig (Baile an Chollaigh is a Satellite town in Metropolitan Cork about 8 km west of Cork in County Cork, Province of Munster Glanmire ( Irish: Gleann Maighir) is a suburb in Metropolitan Cork, Ireland with a population of 15498 is actually made up of several small Carrigaline ( Carraig Uí Leighin in Irish meaning "rock of Lyons" is a single-street Town (or sráidbhaile) in County Cork Cobh (pronounced /koːv/ "cove" An Cóbh is a sheltered seaport town on the south coast of County Cork, Ireland. Midleton ( Mainistir na Corann in Irish) is a town in south-eastern County Cork, Ireland. Youghal (ˈjɔːl yawl or /ˈjɒhəl/ Irish Eochaill ˈɔxəʎ meaning 'yew wood' is a Seaport in County Cork, Ireland Fermoy ( in County Cork, Ireland is a Town of some 5800 inhabitants environs included (2006 census situated on the River Blackwater in Carrigdhoun GAA is one of the eight baronies or Gaelic Athletic Association divisions that make up Cork. The Corkman is a weekly Irish newspaper It is part of the Kerryman Group and based in Mallow. The Southern Star, incorporating The Skibbereen Eagle, is a weekly regional newspaper based in Skibbereen, County Cork in The Evening Echo is an Irish evening newspaper based in Cork and Limerick. CRY 1040FM is an Irish Radio station based in Youghal, County Cork. 96FM is a Cork -based radio station owned by UTV Radio. History What is now 96FM initially broadcast under the name 'Radio South' when it opened at In Botany, a Herbarium is a collection of preserved Plant specimens University College Cork ( UCC) is a constituent university of the National University of Ireland, the university is located in Cork. ^[4]

Septs and Families of Cork

Cork was a stronghold for many powerful septs and families of Munster, most of them of Eoghanacht lineage. A stronghold is a strongly fortified defensive structureThe history of fortified buildings extends from antiquity to modern times A sept is an English word for a division of a Family, especially a division of a clan. Munster ( Irish: An Mhumhain, ənˈvuːnʲ Cúige Mumhan or Mumha) is the southernmost of the four Provinces of Ireland. Common Cork surnames are Ahern, Buckley, Collins, Cronin, Crowley, Daley, Flynn, Foley, Gould, Healy, Horgan, Lee, McCarthy, Murphy, Noonan, O'Callaghan, O'Cronin, O'Connor, O'Donovan, O'Driscoll, O'Keeffe, O'Leary, O'Mahony, O'Riordan, O'Rourke, O'Sullivan, Sheehan and Twomey. Ahern, also Aherne ( Irish: Ó hEachtighearna/Ó hEachthairn) is an Irish Surname and may refer to Members of Buckley (Bwcle is a town in Flintshire, northeast Wales. It is the second largest town in Flintshire in terms of population and is 2 miles (3 The Surname Collins has a variety of likely origins in Britain and Ireland Anglo-Saxon: A patronymic surname based on the name Colin an English diminutive Cronin is a Surname which originated in County Cork and is derived from the Old Irish word crón, meaning saffron-colored. Foley is a surname originating in Ireland in the south east Munster region The English-language surname Healy, is currently in use by three separate ancestral lines of people Murphy is an Anglicized version of two Irish Surnames Ó Murchadha ("descendant of Murchadh" and Mac Murchaidh See Donovan (disambiguation O'Donovan is an Irish surname The O'Donovan pedigree goes back to Callaghan a 10th-century King of Munster Driscoll is one derivation of the Irish Surname "O'Driscoll" O'Mahony is a Surname, and may refer to Daniel O'Mahony, author The O'Rourkes were the historic rulers of Breifne. O'Rourke may refer to several different people People Andrew O'Rourke, judge and See also Sullivan (surname O'Sullivan is an Irish surname associated with the southwestern part of Ireland originally found in County Tipperary People whose Surname is or was Sheehan include Billy Sheehan, an American rock bassist Bobby Sheehan, an American rock bassist Some prevalent Norman-Irish names are Barrett, Barry, Fitzgerald, Kennedy, Walsh and White

Location Grid

	North: County Limerick	Northeast: County Tipperary
West: County Kerry	County Cork	East: County Waterford
Southwest: Atlantic Ocean	South: Celtic Sea

References

See also

• List of abbeys and priories in the Republic of Ireland (County Cork)

External links

• Cork County Council
• Guide to County Cork for Tourism & Business
• County Cork Travel guide
• People's Republic of Cork

Coordinates: 51°58′N 8°35′W / 51.967, -8.583

A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system.

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