County (China) - Citizendia

Province level
Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China This article is part of the Political divisions of China series
Provinces
Autonomous regions
Municipalities
Special Administrative Regions (SARs)
Prefecture level
Prefectures Autonomous prefectures
Prefecture-level cities Sub-provincial cities
Leagues
County level
Counties Autonomous counties
County-level cities Sub-prefecture-level cities
City districts
Banners Autonomous banners
Township level
Townships (ethnic) Sumu (ethnic)
Towns
Subdistricts
County districts (defunct)

In effect
This article is part of a series on the Administrative divisions of the Republic of China
Provinces (streamlined)
Municipalities
Counties Provincial cities
County-controlled cities Districts Urban townships Rural townships
Urban villages Rural villages
Neighborhoods
Suspended
Regions (also known as "Areas")
Special administrative regions (SARs)
Leagues Special banners
Bureaus Management bureaus Banners
Compare Administrative levels and divisions of the People's Republic of China

In the context of Political divisions of China, county is the standard English translation of 县 (xiàn). Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng ( which is an administrative division An autonomous region ( is a first-level administrative subdivision of China. Direct-controlled municipality (直辖市 zhíxiáshì) is the highest level classificiation for Cities used by Chinese governments with status equal to A Special Administrative Region ( SAR) is a high autonomous administrative division of the People's Republic of China. Prefecture, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. In a similar fashion to the former Soviet Union 's Titular nations a number of areas associated with one or more ethnic minorities are designated as '''autonomous''' A prefecture-level city ( or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and A sub-provincial city ( Chinese: 副省级城市 (or deputy-provincial city in the People's Republic of China, is a Prefecture-level city A league ( ayimaɣ or historically čiɣulɣan; Chinese: 盟 Pinyin: méng is an administrative unit in Inner Mongolia, In a similar fashion to the former Soviet Union 's Titular nations a number of areas associated with one or more ethnic minorities are designated as '''autonomous''' A county-level city ( is a county-level administrative division of Mainland China. A sub-prefecture-level city (副地級市 or vice-prefecture-level city, is an administrative division of China The term district, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. This article is about a type of administrative division in Inner Mongolia China In a similar fashion to the former Soviet Union 's Titular nations a number of areas associated with one or more ethnic minorities are designated as '''autonomous''' Township ( is the basic level of political divisions in China. In a similar fashion to the former Soviet Union 's Titular nations a number of areas associated with one or more ethnic minorities are designated as '''autonomous''' Sum, sumu, sumon, and somon ( sumuud) are a type of administrative district used in China, Mongolia, and Russia In a similar fashion to the former Soviet Union 's Titular nations a number of areas associated with one or more ethnic minorities are designated as '''autonomous''' When referring to Political Divisions of China, town is the standard English translation of the Chinese 鎮 (simplified 镇; pinyin zhèn Wade-Giles The subdistrict ( Chinese: 街道 Pinyin: Jiēdào is one of the smallest Political divisions of China. The term district, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. The Republic of China currently administers two historical Provinces of China (one completely and a small part of another one and centrally administers two Direct-controlled REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng ( which is an administrative division Direct-controlled municipality (直辖市 zhíxiáshì) is the highest level classificiation for Cities used by Chinese governments with status equal to Provincial cities (省轄市 shěngxiáshì) sometimes translated provincial municipalities, are cities lesser in rank than Direct-controlled municipalities A county-controlled city (縣轄市 xiànxiáshì) is one of the 32 cities in Taiwan Province of the Republic of China administered under one of the The term district, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. Township ( is the basic level of political divisions in China. In the subdivision of the Republic of China (ROC, "special administrative regions" ( were historically used to designate special areas most of which were eventually See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted In the People's Republic of China, counties are found in the third level of the administrative hierarchy, a level that is known as "county-level" and also contains autonomous counties, county-level cities, banners, autonomous banners, and districts. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted In a similar fashion to the former Soviet Union 's Titular nations a number of areas associated with one or more ethnic minorities are designated as '''autonomous''' A county-level city ( is a county-level administrative division of Mainland China. This article is about a type of administrative division in Inner Mongolia China In a similar fashion to the former Soviet Union 's Titular nations a number of areas associated with one or more ethnic minorities are designated as '''autonomous''' The term district, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. There are 1467 counties in mainland China out of a total of 2861 county-level divisions. Mainland China, Continental China, the Chinese mainland or simply the mainland, is a geopolitical term synonymous with the area that is under the jurisdiction

In the Republic of China (Taiwan), counties (縣) are officially found in the second level; however, the streamlining of Taiwan Province has effectively made the county the first level below the Republic of China central government in that province. REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. The Republic of China currently administers two historical Provinces of China (one completely and a small part of another one and centrally administers two Direct-controlled History In 1683 following a naval engagement with Admiral Shi Lang, Koxinga 's (Cheng Ch'eng Kung grandson Zheng Keshuang and ruler of Taiwan Within Fujian Province the county is still the second level. History During the Chinese Civil War, the ROC lost control of Mainland China, including most of Fujian province and was forced to relocate to Taiwan There are 18 counties administered by the Republic of China, including 16 in Taiwan Province and 2 in Fujian Province.

Xian have existed since the Warring States Period, and were established nationwide during the Qin Dynasty. The Warring States Period ( also known as the Era of Warring States covers the period from some time in the 5th century BC to the unification of China by the Not to be confused with the Qing Dynasty, the last dynasty of China The term xian is usually translated as "districts" or "prefectures" when put in the context of Chinese history. Chinese civilization originated in various city-states along the Yellow River ( valley in the Neolithic era This article, however, will try to keep the terminology consistent with the modern translation, and use the term "county" throughout. Note that this is not conventional practice in Sinology literature. Sinology in general use is the study of China and things related to China but especially in the American academic context refers more strictly to the study of classical language

See Political divisions of China and Administrative divisions of the Republic of China for how counties fit into the Chinese administrative hierarchy. See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted The Republic of China currently administers two historical Provinces of China (one completely and a small part of another one and centrally administers two Direct-controlled

1 Autonomous counties
2 Government
3 History
4 See also

Autonomous counties

Main article: Autonomous county

Autonomous counties (自治县 Pinyin: zìzhìxiàn) are a special class of counties in mainland China reserved for non-Han Chinese ethnic minorities. Autonomous counties and autonomous banners are one kind of Autonomous areas of China. Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Mainland China, Continental China, the Chinese mainland or simply the mainland, is a geopolitical term synonymous with the area that is under the jurisdiction Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. The following is a list of ethnic groups in China where "China" is taken to mean areas controlled by either of the two states using "China" in their formal Autonomous counties are found all over China, and are given, by law, more legislative power than regular counties.

There are 117 autonomous counties in mainland China. Mainland China, Continental China, the Chinese mainland or simply the mainland, is a geopolitical term synonymous with the area that is under the jurisdiction

Government

As the CPC is the central governmental institution in all of Mainland China, every level of administrative division has a local CPC Committee. The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the A county's is called the CPC County Committee (中共县委) and the head called the Secretary (中共县委书记), the real first-in-charge of the county. Further, there is the People's Government of the county, and its head is called the County Governor (县长). County Governor (Fylkesmannen is a Norwegian government agency represented in 18 of the Norwgian counties responsible for a number of supervision The governor is sometimes also one of the Deputy Secretaries in the CPC Committee.

History

Xian have existed since the Warring States Period, and were set up nation-wide by the Qin Dynasty. The Warring States Period ( also known as the Era of Warring States covers the period from some time in the 5th century BC to the unification of China by the Not to be confused with the Qing Dynasty, the last dynasty of China The number of counties in China proper gradually increased from dynasty to dynasty. China proper (also known as Inner China) refers to the historical lands of China where the Han Chinese are the majority Ethnic group, in contrast As Qin Shi Huang reorganized the counties after his unification, there were about 1000. Qin Shi Huang ( (259 BC – September 10 210 BC personal name Yíng Zhèng, was king of the Chinese State of Qin from 247 BCE to 221 BCE (during the Under the Eastern Han Dynasty, the number of counties increased to above 1000. The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. About 1400 existed when the Sui dynasty abolished the commandery level (郡 jùn), which was the level just above counties, and demoted some commanderies to counties. The Sui Dynasty ( 581 - 618 AD and in the undertaking of other construction projects including the reconstruction of the Great Wall. The commandery ( 郡 in Pinyin: jùn was a historical administrative level of China. The current number of counties mostly resembled that of the later years of Qing Dynasty. A county is a Land area of Regional Government within a larger State. Not to be confused with Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of Imperial China Changes of location and names of counties in Chinese history have been a major field of research in Chinese historical geography, especially from the 1960s to the 1980s. Chinese civilization originated in various city-states along the Yellow River ( valley in the Neolithic era The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969 The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989.

In Imperial China, the county was a significant administrative unit because it marked the lowest level of the imperial bureaucratic structure — in other words, it was the lowest level that the government reached. Government below the county level was often undertaken through informal non-bureaucratic means, varying between dynasties. The head of a county was the magistrate, who oversaw both the day-to-day operations of the county as well as civil and criminal cases. A magistrate is a judicial officer In Common law systems a magistrate usually has limited authority to administer and enforce the Law.

Contents

Autonomous counties

Government

History

See also