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Count Basie
from the 1955 film Rhythm and Blues Revue
from the 1955 film Rhythm and Blues Revue
Background information
Birth name William James Basie
Born August 21, 1904(1904-08-21)
Origin Red Bank, New Jersey
Died April 26, 1984 (aged 79)
Hollywood, Florida
Genre(s) Swing, Big band, Piano blues
Occupation(s) Musician, Bandleader, Composer
Instrument(s) Piano, Organ
Years active 1924-1984

William "Count" Basie (August 21, 1904 – April 26, 1984) was an American jazz pianist, organist, bandleader, and composer. Events 1192 - Minamoto Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the De facto ruler of Japan. Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on The Borough of Red Bank is a Borough in Monmouth County, New Jersey incorporated in 1908 New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) Hollywood is a city in Broward County, Florida, United States. Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the A music genre is a categorical and typological construct that identifies musical sounds as belonging to a particular category and type of music that can be distinguished from other Swing music, also known as swing jazz, is a form of Jazz music that developed in the early 1930s and had solidified as a distinctive style by 1935 in the United A big band is a type of Musical ensemble associated with playing jazz music and which became popular during the Swing Era from the early 1930s until the late Piano blues refers to a variety of Blues styles sharing only the characteristic that they use the Piano as the primary musical instrument A musician is a person who plays or writes Music. Musicians can be classified by their roles in creating or performing music An instrumentalist plays a A bandleader is the leader of a band of Musicians The term is most commonly though not exclusively used with a group that plays Popular music as A composer (literally meaning 'one who puts together' is a person who creates Music, usually in the medium of notation, for Interpretation and Performance A musical instrument is a device constructed or modified for the purpose of making Music. The piano is a Musical instrument played by means of a keyboard that produces sound by striking steel strings with Felt covered hammers The organ (from Greek όργανον – organon "organ instrument tool" is a Keyboard instrument of one or more divisions each Events 1192 - Minamoto Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the De facto ruler of Japan. Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Jazz piano has been an integral part of the Jazz idiom since its inception in both solo and ensemble settings An organist is a musician who plays any type of organ. An organist may play solo organ works, play with an ensemble or Orchestra, or accompany A bandleader is the leader of a band of Musicians The term is most commonly though not exclusively used with a group that plays Popular music as A composer (literally meaning 'one who puts together' is a person who creates Music, usually in the medium of notation, for Interpretation and Performance Widely regarded as one of the most important jazz bandleaders of his time, Basie led his popular Count Basie Orchestra for almost 50 years. The Count Basie Orchestra is a 16 to 18 piece Big band, one of the most prominent jazz performing groups of the Swing era, founded by Count Basie. Many notable musicians came to prominence under his direction, including tenor saxophonists Lester Young and Herschel Evans, trumpeters Buck Clayton and Harry "Sweets" Edison and singers Jimmy Rushing and Joe Williams. The tenor saxophone is a medium-sized member of the Saxophone family a group of instruments invented by Adolphe Sax in the 1840s Lester Willis Young ( August 27, 1909 &ndash March 15, 1959) nickname 'Prez' was an American Jazz tenor Saxophonist Herschel "Tex" Evans (born March 9, 1909 in Denton Texas; died February 9, 1939 in New York City) was a Buck Clayton (born Wilbur Dorsey Clayton in Parsons Kansas on November 12, 1911 -died in New York City on December 8 Harry "Sweets" Edison ( October 10, 1915 – July 27, 1999) was born in Columbus Ohio. James Andrew Rushing ( August 26, 1903 - June 8, 1972) (known as Jimmy Rushing) was an American Blues shouter Joe Williams ( December 12, 1918 – March 29, 1999) was a well-known Jazz vocalist and an elegant and sophisticated baritone Basie's theme songs were "One O'Clock Jump" and "April In Paris". For the 1957 album featuring Count Basie, Joe Williams and Ella Fitzgerald see One O'Clock Jump (album " One " April in Paris " is a song composed by Vernon Duke with lyrics by E

Contents

Biography

Early life

William James Basie was born in Red Bank, New Jersey to Harvey Lee Basie and Lillian Ann Childs, who lived on Mechanic Street. The Borough of Red Bank is a Borough in Monmouth County, New Jersey incorporated in 1908 [1] His father worked as a coachman and caretaker for a wealthy judge. After automobiles replaced horses, his father became a groundskeeper and handyman for several families in the area. The horse ( Equus caballus) is a hoofed ( Ungulate) Mammal, one of eight living species of the family Equidae. [2] His mother took in laundry and baked cakes for sale and paid 25 cents a lesson for piano instruction for him. [3]

Basie was not much of a student and instead dreamed of a traveling life, inspired by the carnivals which came to town. He only got as far as junior high school. [4] He would hang out at the Palace theater in Red Bank and did occasional chores for the management, which got him free admission to the shows. He also learned to operate the spotlights for the vaudeville shows; One day, when the pianist didn’t arrive by show time, Basie took his place. Vaudeville was a Genre of variety entertainment prevalent on the stage in the United States and Canada, from the early 1880s Playing by ear, he quickly learned to improvise music appropriate to silent movies. [5]

Though a natural at the piano, Basie preferred drums. However, the obvious talents of another young Red Bank drummer, Sonny Greer (who was Duke Ellington's drummer from 1919 to 1951), discouraged Basie and he switched to piano exclusively by age 15. Sonny Greer ( 13 December 1895 &ndash 23 March 1982) was an American jazz drummer, best known for his work with Duke Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington (April 29 1899 &ndash May 24 1974 was an American Composer, Pianist, and Bandleader. [6] They played together in venues until Greer set out on his professional career. By then Basie was playing with pick up groups for dances, resorts, and amateur shows, including Harry Richardson’s “Kings of Syncopation”. [7] When not playing a gig, he hung out at the local pool hall with other musicians where he picked up on upcoming play dates and gossip. He got some jobs in Asbury Park, playing at the Hongkong Inn, until a better player took his place. [8]

Early career

Around 1924, he went to Harlem, a hotbed of East Coast jazz, living down the block from the Alhambra Theater. Harlem is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Manhattan, long known as a major African American cultural and business center Early after his arrival, he bumped into Sonny Greer, who was then the drummer for the Washingtonians, Duke Ellington’s early band. Sonny Greer ( 13 December 1895 &ndash 23 March 1982) was an American jazz drummer, best known for his work with Duke Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington (April 29 1899 &ndash May 24 1974 was an American Composer, Pianist, and Bandleader. [9] Soon, Basie met many of the Harlem musicians who were making the scene, including Willie “the Lion” Smith and James P. Johnson. William Henry Joseph Bonaparte Bertholoff Smith ( 23 November, 1893 &ndash 18 April, 1973) aka "The Lion", was an James Price Johnson ( February 1 1894 &ndash November 17 1955) was an African-American Pianist and Composer.

Basie toured in several acts between 1925 and 1927, including Katie Krippen and Her Kiddies as part of the Hippity Hop show, on the Keith, the Columbia Burlesque, and the Theater Owners Bookers Association (T. Benjamin Franklin Keith (January 26 1846 &ndash March 26 1914 was an American Vaudeville theatre owner generally credited for the evolution of variety theater into Theater Owners Booking Association, or TOBA, was the Vaudeville circuit for African American performers in the 1920s and 1930s O. B. A. ) vaudeville circuits, as a soloist and accompanist to blues singers Katie Krippen and Gonzelle White. Vaudeville was a Genre of variety entertainment prevalent on the stage in the United States and Canada, from the early 1880s The Blues is a vocal and instrumental form of Music based on the use of the Blue notes It emerged as an accessible form of self-expression [10][11] His touring took him to Kansas City, St. Louis, New Orleans, and Chicago. Kansas City Missouri only Items for the metro area Kansas City Kansas or North Kansas City MO should go on their respective pages New Orleans (nʲuːˈɔrliənz nʲuːˈɔrlənz French: La Nouvelle-Orléans) is a major United States port city and the largest city in Louisiana Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Throughout his tours, Basie met many great jazz musicians, including Louis Armstrong. Louis Armstrong (August 4 1901 &ndash July 6 1971 nicknamed Satchmo or Sachimo and Pops, was an American Jazz Trumpeter [12]

Back in Harlem in 1925, Basie got his first steady job at Leroy’s, a place known for its piano players and its “cutting contests”, The place catered to “uptown celebrities”, and typically the band winged every number without sheet music (using “head” arrangements). [13] He met Fats Waller, who was playing organ at the Lincoln Theater accompanying silent movies, and Waller taught him how to play that instrument (Basie later played organ at the Eblon Theater in Kansas City). Fats Waller (born Thomas Wright Waller on May 21, 1904 &mdash December 15, 1943) was an American jazz pianist [14] As he did with Duke Ellington, Willie “the Lion” Smith helped Basie out during the lean times arranging gigs at house-rent parties, introducing him to other top musicians, and teaching him some piano technique. [15]

In 1928 Basie was in Tulsa and heard Walter Page and his Famous Blue Devils, one of the first big bands, which featured Jimmy Rushing on vocals. Walter Sylvester Page ( February 9, 1900 &ndash December 20, 1957) nicknamed " Hoss," was an African American A big band is a type of Musical ensemble associated with playing jazz music and which became popular during the Swing Era from the early 1930s until the late James Andrew Rushing ( August 26, 1903 - June 8, 1972) (known as Jimmy Rushing) was an American Blues shouter [16] A few months later, he was invited to join the band, which played mostly in Texas and Oklahoma. Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. Oklahoma ( is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. It was at this time that he began to be known as "Count" Basie (see Jazz royalty). Jazz royalty is a term that reflects the many great Jazz musicians who have some sort of royal, aristocratic or other honorific title added to their names or [17]

Kansas City years

The following year, Basie became the pianist with the Bennie Moten band based in Kansas City, inspired by Moten’s ambition to raise his band to the level of Duke Ellington’s or Fletcher Henderson’s. Bennie Moten ( November 13 1894 – April 2, 1935) was a noted American Jazz pianist and band leader born in Kansas Fletcher Hamilton Henderson Jr ( December 18, 1897 &ndash December 28, 1952) was an American pianist bandleader Arranger [18] Where the Blue Devils were ”snappier” and more “bluesy”, the Moten band was classier and more respected, and played in the “Kansas City stomp” style. [19] In addition to playing piano, Basie was co-arranger with Eddie Durham, who actually did the notating. [20] During a stay in Chicago, Basie recorded with the band. He occasionally played four-hand piano and dual pianos with Moten, who also conducted. [21] The band improved with several personnel changes, including the addition of sax man Ben Webster. Benjamin Francis Webster ( March 27 1909 &ndash September 20 1973) aka " The Brute " or " Frog," was an

When the band voted Moten out, Basie took over for several months as Count Basie and his Cherry Blossoms until the band folded, when he returned to Moten's newly re-organized band. [22] When Moten died in 1935 after a surgical procedure, the band unsuccessfully attempted to stay together. Then Basie formed a new band, which included many Moten alumni, with the important addition of tenor saxophone player Lester Young. The tenor saxophone is a medium-sized member of the Saxophone family a group of instruments invented by Adolphe Sax in the 1840s Lester Willis Young ( August 27, 1909 &ndash March 15, 1959) nickname 'Prez' was an American Jazz tenor Saxophonist They played at the Reno Club and sometimes were broadcast on local radio. Late one night with time to fill, the band started improvising. Basie liked the results and named the piece "One O'Clock Jump". For the 1957 album featuring Count Basie, Joe Williams and Ella Fitzgerald see One O'Clock Jump (album " One [23] According to Basie, “we hit it with the rhythm section and went into the riffs, and the riffs just stuck. A rhythm section is the Musicians in a Popular music band or ensemble who establish the Rhythmic pulse of a Song or musical In Music, a riff is an Ostinato figure a repeated Chord progression, pattern refrain or melodic figure, often played by the Rhythm We set the thing up front in D-flat, and then we just went on playing in F”. It became his signature tune. [24]

Hammond and first recordings

Basie and band, with vocalist Ethel Waters, from the film Stage Door Canteen (1943)
Basie and band, with vocalist Ethel Waters, from the film Stage Door Canteen (1943)

At the end of 1936, Basie and his band, now billed as Count Basie and His Barons of Rhythm, moved from Kansas City and honed their repertoire at a long engagement at the Grand Terrace Ballroom in Chicago. Ethel Waters ( October 31, 1896 &ndash September 1, 1977) was an American Blues and Jazz Vocalist Stage Door Canteen ( 1943) is a Musical film produced by Sol Lesser Productions and distributed by United Artists. [25] Right from the start, Basie’s band was noted for its rhythm section. Another Basie innovation was the use of two tenor saxophone players; At the time, most bands had just one. When Lester Young complained of Herschel Evans' vibrato, the two were split apart and placed one on each side of the alto players, and soon Basie had the tenor players engaged in “duels”. Lester Willis Young ( August 27, 1909 &ndash March 15, 1959) nickname 'Prez' was an American Jazz tenor Saxophonist Herschel "Tex" Evans (born March 9, 1909 in Denton Texas; died February 9, 1939 in New York City) was a Alto is a musical term derived from the Latin word altus, meaning "high" that has several possible interpretations Many other bands later adapted the split tenor arrangement. [26]

In that city in October 1936, members of the band participated in a recording session which producer John Hammond later described as "the only perfect, completely perfect recording session I've ever had anything to do with". John Henry Hammond II ( December 15, 1910 – July 10, 1987) was a Record producer, musician and music critic from the 1930s to the [27] Hammond, according to Basie, had heard Basie’s band over short-wave radio, then he went to Kansas City to check them out. [28] It was Lester Young’s earliest recordings. Those four sides were released under the name Jones-Smith Incorporated because Basie had already signed with Decca Records but had not started recording for them (his first Decca session was January 1937). Decca Records is a British Record label established in 1929 by Edward Lewis. The sides included: "Shoe Shine Boy", "Evening", "Boogie Woogie", and "Oh, Lady Be Good". [29]

By now, Basie's sound was characterized by his trademark "jumping" beat and the contrapuntal accents of his own piano. His personnel around 1937 included: Lester Young and Herschel Evans (tenor sax), Freddie Green (guitar), Jo Jones (drums), Walter Page (bass), Earl Warren (alto sax), Buck Clayton and Harry Edison (trumpet), Benny Morton and Dickie Wells (trombone). Lester Willis Young ( August 27, 1909 &ndash March 15, 1959) nickname 'Prez' was an American Jazz tenor Saxophonist Herschel "Tex" Evans (born March 9, 1909 in Denton Texas; died February 9, 1939 in New York City) was a Freddie Green (baptized Frederick William Green March 31 1911 &ndash March 1 1987) was an American swing Jazz guitarist Jo Jones ( October 7, 1911 – September 3, 1985) (later known as Papa Jo Jones) was an American drummer one of the most influential Walter Sylvester Page ( February 9, 1900 &ndash December 20, 1957) nicknamed " Hoss," was an African American Earl Warren ( March 19, 1891 July 9, 1974) was the 14th Chief Justice of the United States and the only person ever elected thrice Buck Clayton (born Wilbur Dorsey Clayton in Parsons Kansas on November 12, 1911 -died in New York City on December 8 Harry "Sweets" Edison ( October 10, 1915 – July 27, 1999) was born in Columbus Ohio. Benny Morton ( January 31, 1907 in New York City – December 28, 1985 in New York City) was a jazz trombonist most associated William Wells, ( June 10, 1907 - November 12, 1985) more famous under the name of Dicky Wells (sometimes Dickie Wells) [30] Lester Young, known as “Prez” by the band, came up with nicknames for all the other band members. Basie became known as “Holy Man”, “Holy Main”, and just plain “Holy”. [31]

Basie favored blues, and he showcased some of the most notable blues singers of the era: Billie Holiday, Jimmy Rushing, Big Joe Turner, Helen Humes, and Joe Williams. The Blues is a vocal and instrumental form of Music based on the use of the Blue notes It emerged as an accessible form of self-expression Billie Holiday (born Eleanora Fagan; April 7 1915 – July 17 1959 was an American Jazz singer and songwriter James Andrew Rushing ( August 26, 1903 - June 8, 1972) (known as Jimmy Rushing) was an American Blues shouter For the Ice hockey player see Joe Turner Big Joe Turner (born Joseph Vernon Turner Jr Helen Humes ( June 23 1913 - September 9 1981) was an American Jazz and Blues Singer. Joe Williams ( December 12, 1918 – March 29, 1999) was a well-known Jazz vocalist and an elegant and sophisticated baritone He also hired arrangers who knew how to maximize the band's abilities, such as Eddie Durham and Jimmy Mundy. Eddie Durham ( 19 August, 1906 &ndash 6 March, 1987) was an American Jazz Guitarist, Trombonist, Jimmy Mundy ( 28 June 1907 &ndash 24 April 1983) was an American Jazz tenor saxophonist, arranger and Composer

New York City and the Swing years

When they arrived in New York, they made the Woodside Hotel their base (where they often rehearsed in the basement). Soon, they were booked at the famed Roseland Ballroom for the Christmas show. The Roseland Ballroom (also referred to as Roseland Dance City) is a catering hall/music venue/dance hall in a converted Ice skating rink with a colorful ballroom Basie recalled a review, which in his words was something like, “We caught the great Count Basie band which is supposed to be so hot he was going to come in here and set the Roseland on fire. Well, the Roseland is still standing”. [32] Compared to the reigning band of Fletcher Henderson, Basie’s band lacked polish and presentation. Fletcher Hamilton Henderson Jr ( December 18, 1897 &ndash December 28, 1952) was an American pianist bandleader Arranger [33] Hammond advised and encouraged them, and they soon came up with some adjustments, including softer playing, more solos, more standards, and saving their hottest numbers for later in the show to give the audience a chance to warm up. [34] His first official recordings for Decca followed, under contract to agent MCA, including Pennies From Heaven and Honeysuckle Rose. " Honeysuckle Rose " is a 1928 song composed by Fats Waller, with lyrics written by Andy Razaf. [35]

Hammond introduced Basie to Billie Holiday and soon she sang with the band. Billie Holiday (born Eleanora Fagan; April 7 1915 – July 17 1959 was an American Jazz singer and songwriter (Holiday didn’t record with Basie, however, as she had her own record contract and preferred working with small combos). [36] The band’s first appearance at the Apollo Theater followed, with vocalists Holiday and Rushing getting the most attention. [37] Eddie Durham came back to help with arranging and composing, but for the most part their numbers were worked out in rehearsal, with Basie guiding the proceedings, and the results written out little if at all. Once they found what they liked, they usually were able to repeat it using their collective memory. [38]

Next, Basie played at the Savoy, which was noted more for jitterbugging while the Roseland was more of a place for fox-trots and congas. Jitterbug can be used as a Noun to refer to a swing dancer or various types of Swing dances e FoxTrot is an American Comic strip written and illustrated by Bill Amend. The conga is tall narrow single-headed Cuban Drum of African origin probably derived from the Congolese Makuta drums or Sikulu [39] In early 1938, the Savoy was the meeting ground for a “battle of the bands” with Chick Webb’s group. William Henry Webb, usually known as Chick Webb ( February 10, 1905 – June 16, 1939) was a Jazz and Swing music Basie had Holiday and Webb countered with Ella Fitzgerald. Ella Jane Fitzgerald (April 25 1917 &ndash June 15 1996 also known as " Lady Ella " and the "First Lady of Song" is considered one of the most influential As Metronome magazine proclaimed, “Basie’s Brilliant Band Conquers Chick’s”, then it went on in detail, “Throughout the fight, which never let down in its intensity during the whole fray, Chick took the aggressive, with the Count playing along easily and, on the whole, more musically scientifically. Undismayed by Chick’s forceful drum beating, which sent the audience into shouts of encouragement and appreciation and casual beads of perspiration to drop from Chick’s brow onto the brass cymbals, the Count maintained an attitude of poise and self-assurance. He constantly parried Chick’s thundering haymakers with tantalizing runs and arpeggios which teased more and more force from his adversary”. [40] The publicity over the battle, before and after, gave the Basie band a big boost and they gained wider recognition, as evidenced by Benny Goodman’s recording of One O’Clock Jump shortly thereafter. [41]

A few months later, Holiday left for Artie Shaw’s band, and was replaced by Helen Humes; She was also ushered in by John Hammond, and stayed with Basie for four years. Arthur Jacob Arshawsky ( May 23, 1910 &ndash December 30, 2004) better known as Artie Shaw, was an American Jazz Helen Humes ( June 23 1913 - September 9 1981) was an American Jazz and Blues Singer. [42] Co-arranger and trombonist Eddie Durham left for Glen Miller’s orchestra and was replaced by Dicky Wells. Alton Glenn Miller ( March 1 1904 &ndash presumably December 15 1944) was an American Jazz musician and William Wells, ( June 10, 1907 - November 12, 1985) more famous under the name of Dicky Wells (sometimes Dickie Wells) Basie’s 14-man band began playing at the Famous Door, a mid-town nightspot, with a CBS network feed and air conditioning. CBS Broadcasting Inc ( CBS) is an American radio and Television network. The term air conditioning refers to the cooling and dehumidification of indoor air for Thermal comfort. Their fame took a huge leap. [43] Adding to their play book, Basie received arrangements from Jimmy Mundy (who had also worked with Benny Goodman and Earl Hines) particularly for "Cherokee", "Easy Does It", and "Super Chief". Jimmy Mundy ( 28 June 1907 &ndash 24 April 1983) was an American Jazz tenor saxophonist, arranger and Composer Earl Kenneth Hines, universally known as Earl "Fatha" Hines, ( 28 December, 1903 Duquesne Pennsylvania &ndash 22 April [44] In 1939, Basie and his band made a major cross-country tour, including their first West Coast dates. A few months later, Basie quit MCA and signed with the William Morris Agency, who got them better fees. William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896 was an English Architect, Furniture and Textile designer artist writer and socialist associated [45]

In 1942, Basie moved to Queens with Catherine Morgan, after being married to her for a few years. On the West Coast, the band did a spot in Reveille With Beverly, a musical starring Ann Miller, and also a "Command Performance" for Armed Forces Radio with Hollywood stars Clark Gable, Bette Davis, Carmen Miranda, Jerry Colonna, and singer Dinah Shore. Ann Miller (April 12 1923 – January 22 2004 was an American dancer singer and actress American Forces Network (or AFN) is the brand name used by the United States Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS for its entertainment Clark Gable (February 1 &ndashNovember 16) was an iconic American Actor nicknamed "The King of Hollywood" in his heyday Ruth Elizabeth "Bette" Davis (April 5 1908 – October 6 1989 was an American actress of Film, Television and Theatre. Carmen Miranda, pron. 'kaɾme͂j mi'rɐ͂dɐ (February 9 1909 – August 5 1955 birth name Maria do Carmo Jerry Colonna may refer to Jerry Colonna (entertainer, American comedy writer and performer Jerry Colonna (financier, New York City Dinah Shore (born Frances Rose Shore February 29, 1916 - February 24, 1994) was an American Singer, Actress [46] Other minor movie spots followed including Choo Choo Swing, Crazy House, Top Man, and Hit Parade of 1943. [47] They also started to record with RCA. [48] The war years caused a lot of turn over and the band worked many play dates with lower pay. Dance hall bookings were down sharply as swing began to fade, the bebop revolution began, and the era of the pop singer was about to take hold. Swing music, also known as swing jazz, is a form of Jazz music that developed in the early 1930s and had solidified as a distinctive style by 1935 in the United Bebop or bop is a form of Jazz characterized by fast Tempos and Improvisation based on Harmonic structure rather than Melody Pop music as a genre features a noticeable rhythmic element catchy melodies and hooks, a mainstream style and conventional structure

Post war and later years

The big band era appeared to be over after the war, and Basie disbanded the group. For awhile, he performed in combos, sometimes stretched to an orchestra, until he re-formed his group as a 16-piece orchestra in 1952. An orchestra is an instrumental ensemble, usually fairly large with string brass woodwind sections and possibly a percussion section as well Basie credits Billy Eckstine, a top male vocalist of the time, for prompting his return to Big Band and Norman Granz for getting him into the Birdland club and promoting the new band through recordings on the Mercury, Clef, and Verve labels. Billy Eckstine ( 8 July, 1914 &ndash 8 March, 1993) born William Clarence Eckstein in the East Liberty neighborhood of Pittsburgh Norman Granz ( Los Angeles, USA, August 6, 1918 - Geneva, Switzerland, November 22, 2001) was an American Mercury Records is a Record label operating as a standalone company in the UK and as part of the Island Def Jam Music Group in the US and are both subsidiaries of Verve Records is an American Jazz Record label now owned by the Universal Music Group. [49] The jukebox era had begun and Basie shared the exposure along with early rock'n'roll and rhythm and blues artists. jukebox is a partially automated music-playing device usually a Coin -operated machine that can play specially selected songs from self-contained media Rock and roll (also known as rock 'n' roll) is a form of Music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s with roots in mostly African Basie's new band was more of an ensemble group, with fewer solo turns, and relying less on “head” and more on written arrangements.

Basie added touches of bop “so long as it made sense”, and he required that “it all had to have feeling”. Basie’s band was sharing Birdland with bop greats Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, and Miles Davis. John Birks "Dizzy" Gillespie ( October 21 1917 &ndash January 6 1993) was an American Jazz Trumpeter Miles Dewey Davis III (May 26 1926 &ndash September 28 1991 was an American Jazz Trumpeter, Bandleader, and Composer. Behind the occasional bop solos, though, he always kept his strict rhythmic pulse, “so it doesn’t matter what they do up front; the audience gets the beat”. [50] Basie also added flute to some numbers, a novelty at the time that became widely copied. The flute is a Musical instrument of the Woodwind family Unlike other woodwind instruments a flute is a Reedless wind instrument that produces its [51] Soon, they were touring and recording again. The new band included: Paul Campbell, Tommy Turrentine, Johnny Letman, and Idris Sulieman (later Joe Newman) (trumpet); Jimmy Wilkins, Benny Powell, Matthew Gee (trombone); Paul Quinchette and Floyd Johnson (tenor sax); Marshall Royal and Ernie Wilkins (alto sax); and Charlie Fowlkes (baritone sax). [52] Downbeat said, Basie “has managed to assemble an ensemble that can thrill both the listener who remembers 1938 and the youngster who has never before heard a big band like this”. [53]

Count Basie Theatre in Red Bank, New Jersey
Count Basie Theatre in Red Bank, New Jersey

In 1954, the band made its first European tour. Jazz was especially strong in France, Holland, and Germany in the 1950’s; These countries were the stomping grounds for many ex-patriate jazz stars who were either resurrecting their careers or sitting out the years of racial divide in the United States. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Holland is a region in the western part of the Netherlands. A maritime and economic power in the 17th century Holland today consists of the Dutch provinces of Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. An expatriate (in abbreviated form expat) is a person temporarily or permanently residing in a country and culture other than that of the person's upbringing Neal Hefti began to provide arrangements, notably "Li’l Darlin’". Neal Hefti (born October 29, 1922 in Hastings Nebraska) is an American Jazz Trumpeter, Composer, Tune By the mid-1950s, Basie's band had become one of the pre-eminent backing big bands for some of the most prominent jazz vocalists of the time. They also toured with the “Birdland Stars of 1955”, whose lineup included Sarah Vaughan, Erroll Garner, Lester Young, George Shearing, and Stan Getz. Sarah Lois Vaughan (nicknamed " Sassy " and " The Divine One ") ( March 27 1924, &ndash April Erroll Louis Garner ( June 15 1921 &ndash January 2 1977) was an American Jazz Pianist and Composer Lester Willis Young ( August 27, 1909 &ndash March 15, 1959) nickname 'Prez' was an American Jazz tenor Saxophonist Sir George Shearing OBE (b August 13, 1919) is a British Jazz Pianist who during the 1950s "had one of the Stanley Gayetzky ( February 2, 1927 in Philadelphia – June 6, 1991 in Malibu, California) usually known by [54]

In 1957, Basie released the live album At Newport. At Newport is an Album by the Jazz musician Count Basie. Track listing "Intro" "Swingin' April in Paris (arrangement by Wild Bill Davis) was a best-selling instrumental and the title song for the hit album. [55] The Basie band made two tours in the British Isles and on the second, they put on a ”Command Performance” for Queen Elizabeth II, along with Judy Garland, Vera Lynn, and Mario Lanza. For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II Judy Garland (born Frances Ethel Gumm; June 10 1922 – June 22 1969 was an American actress and singer Dame Vera Lynn DBE (born 20 March 1917) is a popular British Vocalist whose career flourished during World War II, WikipediaWikiProject_Opera#Infoboxes --> Mario Lanza ( January 31, 1921 &ndash October 7 1959 [56] In 1959, Basie’s band recorded a “greatest hits” double album The Count Basie Story (Frank Foster, arranger). Later that year, Basie appeared on a television special with Fred Astaire, featuring a dance solo to Sweet Georgia Brown, followed in January 1960 by Basie performing at one of the five John F. Kennedy Inaugural Balls. Fred Astaire (born Frederick Austerlitz; May 10, 1899 &ndash June 22, 1987) was an American Academy Award The 1925 song " Sweet Georgia Brown " is a Jazz standard and pop tune known to many as the theme song of the Harlem Globetrotters basketball team John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29 1917&ndashNovember 22 1963 often referred to by his initials JFK, was the thirty-fifth President of [57] That summer, Basie and Duke Ellington combined forces for the recording First Time! The Count Meets the Duke, each providing four numbers from their play books. Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington (April 29 1899 &ndash May 24 1974 was an American Composer, Pianist, and Bandleader. [58]

During the balance of the 1960s, the band kept busy with tours, recordings, television appearances, festivals, Las Vegas shows, and travel abroad, including cruises. Las Vegas ( Spanish: "The Meadows" is the most populous City in the state of Nevada, the seat of Clark County, and an internationally Some time around 1964, Basie adopted his trademark yachting cap. [59] Through steady changes in personnel, Basie led the band into the 1970s. Basie made a few more movie appearances, such as the Jerry Lewis film Cinderfella (1960) and the Mel Brooks movie Blazing Saddles (1974), playing his arrangement of "April in Paris". Jerry Lewis (born March 16, 1926) is an American Comedian, award-winning actor producer writer and director best-known for his slapstick Cinderfella is a comedy version of the classic Cinderella story with several of the roles reversed Mel Brooks (born Melvin Kaminsky; June 28, 1926) is an American director, Writer, Composer, Lyricist Blazing Saddles ( 1974) is a satiric Western Comedy film directed by Mel Brooks. " April in Paris " is a song composed by Vernon Duke with lyrics by E

Basie died of pancreatic cancer in Hollywood, Florida on April 26, 1984 at the age of 79. Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor of the Pancreas. Each year about 37680 individuals in the United States are diagnosed with this condition and 34290 Hollywood is a city in Broward County, Florida, United States. Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) [60] Basie was a member of the Omega Psi Phi fraternity. Omega Psi Phi (ΩΨΦ is an international fraternity and was the first African-American national fraternal organization to be founded at a historically black

The Singers

Basie hitched his star to some of the most famous vocalists of the 1950’s and 1960’s, which helped keep the Big Band sound alive and added greatly to his recording catalog. Joe Williams toured with the band and was featured on the 1957 album One O'Clock Jump, and 1956's Count Basie Swings, Joe Williams Sings, with Every Day (I have the Blues) becoming a huge hit. For the tune of the same name see One O'Clock Jump One O'Clock Jump is a 1957 (see 1957 in music) album by Joe Count Basie Swings Joe Williams Sings is a 1956 (see 1956 in music) album by the American jazz and blues singer Joe Williams, with the Count Ella Fitzgerald made some memorable recordings with Basie, including the 1963 album Ella and Basie!. Ella Jane Fitzgerald (April 25 1917 &ndash June 15 1996 also known as " Lady Ella " and the "First Lady of Song" is considered one of the most influential Ella and Basie! is a 1963 (see 1963 in music) studio album by Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by the Count Basie Orchestra with arrangements With the 'New Testament' Basie band in full swing, and arrangements written by a youthful Quincy Jones, this album proved a swinging respite from her Songbook recordings and constant touring she did during this period. Quincy Delight Jones Jr (born March 14, 1933) also known as Q, is an American Music Impresario, conductor She even toured with the Basie Orchestra in the mid-1970s, and Fitzgerald and Basie also met on the 1979 albums Digital III at Montreux, A Classy Pair, and A Perfect Match, the last two also recorded live at Montreux. Digital III at Montreux is a 1979 (see 1979 in music) live album featuring a compilation of performances by Ella Fitzgerald, Count Basie A Classy Pair is a 1979 (see 1979 in music) studio album by the American Jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by the Count Basie A Perfect Match is a 1979 (see 1979 in music) live album by the American Jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by the Count Basie In addition to Quincy Jones Basie was using arrangers such as Benny Carter (Kansas City Suite), Neal Hefti (Atomic Basie), and Sammy Nestico (Basie-Straight Ahead). Quincy Delight Jones Jr (born March 14, 1933) also known as Q, is an American Music Impresario, conductor Bennett Lester Carter (born August 8, 1907 in Harlem New York; died July 12, 2003 in Los Angeles California) was Neal Hefti (born October 29, 1922 in Hastings Nebraska) is an American Jazz Trumpeter, Composer, Tune Samuel "Sammy" Lewis Nestico (born February 6, 1924 in Pittsburgh Pennsylvania) is a prolific and well known Composer and Arranger

Frank Sinatra recorded for the first time with Basie on 1962's Sinatra-Basie and for a second studio album on 1964's It Might as Well Be Swing, which was arranged by Quincy Jones. Francis Albert "Frank" Sinatra (December 12 1915 &ndash May 14 1998 was an American singer and actor Sinatra-Basie An Historic Musical First (or simply Sinatra-Basie) is an album by Frank Sinatra, released in 1962 It Might as Well Be Swing is a 1964 (see 1964 in music) album by Frank Sinatra, accompanied by the Count Basie orchestra. Quincy Delight Jones Jr (born March 14, 1933) also known as Q, is an American Music Impresario, conductor Jones also arranged and conducted 1966's live Sinatra at the Sands. Sinatra at the Sands is a 1966 (see 1966 in music) Live album by Frank Sinatra, accompanied by the Count Basie Band, conducted In November 1970, Sinatra performed in London's Royal Festival Hall with the Basie orchestra, in a charity benefit for the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Royal Festival Hall is a concert dance and talks venue within Southbank Centre in London, England. The National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children ( NSPCC) is a UK charity campaigning and working in child protection The shows were taped for a BBC special, Sinatra: In Concert at The Royal Festival Hall. Sinatra later said of this concert "I have a funny feeling that those two nights could have been my finest hour, really. It went so well; it was so thrilling and exciting". [61]

Basie also recorded with Tony Bennett in the early 1960s — their albums together included the live recording at Las Vegas and Strike Up the Band, a studio album. Tony Bennett (born Anthony Dominick Benedetto; August 3 1926) is an American Singer of popular music, standards Basie also toured with Bennett, including a date at Carnegie Hall. Carnegie Hall (generally ˌkɑrnɨgi ˈhɔːl is a concert venue in Midtown Manhattan in New York City located at 881 Seventh Avenue, occupying the east Other notable recordings were with Sammy Davis, Jr., Bing Crosby, and Sarah Vaughn. Samuel George “Sammy” Davis Jr (8 December 1925 &ndash 16 May 1990 was an American Entertainer. Harry Lillis “Bing” Crosby ( May 3, 1903 &ndash October 14, 1977) was an Academy Award winning American Popular Sarah Lois Vaughan (nicknamed " Sassy " and " The Divine One ") ( March 27 1924, &ndash April One of Basie’s biggest regrets was never recording with Louis Armstrong, though they shared the same bill several times. Louis Armstrong (August 4 1901 &ndash July 6 1971 nicknamed Satchmo or Sachimo and Pops, was an American Jazz Trumpeter [62]

Legacy

Count Basie introduced several generations of listeners to the Big Band sound and left an influential catalogue. Basie is remembered by many who worked for him as being considerate of musicians and their opinions, modest, relaxed, fun-loving, drily witty, and always enthusiastic about his music. [63] As he summed up the key to his understated style, in his autobiography, “I think the band can really swing when it swings easy, when it can just play along like you are cutting butter”. [64]

Other cultural connections include Jerry Lewis using "Blues in Hoss' Flat" from Basie's Chairman of the Board album, as the basis for his own "Chairman of the Board" routine in the movie The Errand Boy, in which Lewis pantomimed the movements of a corporate executive holding a board meeting. Jerry Lewis (born March 16, 1926) is an American Comedian, award-winning actor producer writer and director best-known for his slapstick The Errand Boy was filmed from July 24-September 1 1961 and was released on November 28, 1961 by Paramount Pictures. (In the early 1980s, Lewis revived the routine during the live broadcast of one of his Muscular Dystrophy Association telethons). The Muscular Dystrophy Association ( MDA) is an organization founded in 1950 which combats Muscular dystrophy and diseases of the Nervous system Blues in Hoss' Flat, composed by Basie band member Frank Foster, was also the longtime theme song of San Francisco and New York radio DJ Al "Jazzbeaux" Collins. The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city In addition, Basie is one of the producers of the "world's greatest music" that Brenda Fricker's "Pigeon Lady" character claims to have heard in Carnegie Hall in 1992's Home Alone 2: Lost in New York. Brenda Fricker (born February 17, 1945 in Dublin, Ireland) is an Academy Award -winning Irish actress Carnegie Hall (generally ˌkɑrnɨgi ˈhɔːl is a concert venue in Midtown Manhattan in New York City located at 881 Seventh Avenue, occupying the east Home Alone 2 Lost in New York is the 1992 sequel to the 1990 Film Home Alone, written and produced by John Hughes Drummer Neil Peart of the Canadian rock band Rush recorded a version of "One O'Clock Jump" with the Buddy Rich Big Band, and has used it at the end of his drum solos on the 2002 Vapor Trails Tour and Rush's 30th Anniversary Tour. Neil Peart (ˈpɪərt OC, (born Neil Ellwood Peart, September 12, 1952, Hamilton, Ontario) is a Canadian Musician Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Rush is a Canadian rock band originally formed in August 1968 in the Willowdale neighbourhood of Toronto, Ontario, currently comprised of Bernard "Buddy" Rich ( September 30 1917 &ndash April 2 1987) was an American jazz drummer and Bandleader Rush's Vapor Trails Tour marked the first tour for the band in nearly six years after the band entered a hiatus due to personal tragedies in drummer Neil Peart 's life Rush 's R30 30th Anniversary Tour was a Concert tour which celebrated a milestone for the band and was in support of the cover album Feedback

The Count Basie Theatre in his hometown of Red Bank, New Jersey was named in his honor. The Count Basie Theatre is an Historic landmark that operates as a Theatre for Performing arts in Red Bank New Jersey.

Awards

Grammy Awards

Count Basie Grammy Award History[65]
Year Category Title Genre Results
1982 Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Big Band Warm Breeze Jazz Winner
1984 Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Big Band 88 Basie Street Jazz Winner
1980 Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Big Band On The Road Jazz Winner
1977 Best Jazz Performance By A Big Band Prime Time Jazz Winner
1976 Best Jazz Performance By A Soloist (Instrumental) Basie And Zoot Jazz Winner
1963 Best Performance By An Orchestra - For Dancing This Time By Basie! Hits Of The 50's And 60's Pop Winner
1960 Best Performance By A Band For Dancing Dance With Basie Pop Winner
1958 Best Performance By A Dance Band Basie Pop Winner
1958 Best Jazz Performance, Group Basie Jazz Winner

Grammy Hall of Fame

Recordings of Count Basie was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame, which is a special Grammy award established in 1973 to honor recordings that are at least twenty-five years old, and that have "qualitative or historical significance. The Grammy Awards (originally called the Gramophone Awards)—or Grammys —are presented annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences The Grammy Hall of Fame Award is a special Grammy award established in 1973 to honor recordings that are at least twenty-five years old and that have "qualitative Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. "

Count Basie Grammy Hall of Fame Awards[66]
Year Recorded Title Genre Label Year Inducted
1939 Lester Leaps In Jazz (Single) Vocalion 2005
1955 Everyday (I Have the Blues) Jazz (Single) Clef 1992
1955 April in Paris Jazz (Single) Clef 1985
1937 One O'Clock Jump Jazz (Single) Decca 1979

Honors and Inductions

On September 11, 1996 the U.S. Post Office issued a Count Basie 32 cents postage stamp. " April in Paris " is a song composed by Vernon Duke with lyrics by E For the 1957 album featuring Count Basie, Joe Williams and Ella Fitzgerald see One O'Clock Jump (album " One Events 9 - The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) This article lists people who have been featured on United States Postage stamps Since the United States Post Office issued its first stamp in 1847 over 4000 stamps have been issued and Basie is a part of the Big Band Leaders issue, which, is in turn, part of the Legends of American Music series.

Count Basie Award History
Year Category Result Notes
2007 Long Island Music Hall of Fame Inducted
2005 Nesuhi Ertegun Jazz Hall of Fame Inducted
2002 Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award Winner
1983 NEA Jazz Masters Winner
1981 Grammy Trustees Award Winner
1981 Kennedy Center Honors Honoree
late 1970s Hollywood Walk of Fame Honoree at 6508 Hollywood Blvd. The Long Island Music Hall of Fame is an organization located in Lake Grove New York. Jazz at Lincoln Center 2 by David Shankbonejpg|thumb|Peter Jay Sharp arcade]] Jazz at Lincoln Center (JLC is a constituent of Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts Inc The Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award is awarded by the Recording Academy to "performers who during their lifetimes have made creative contributions of outstanding The NEA or National Endowment for the Arts, every year honors up to seven Jazz musicians with Jazz Master Awards The Grammy Trustees Award is awarded by the Recording Academy to "individuals who during their careers in music have made significant contributions other than The Kennedy Center Honors is an annual honor given to artists in the performing arts The Hollywood Walk of Fame is a Sidewalk along Hollywood Boulevard and Vine Street in Hollywood Los Angeles California, USA, that
1958 Down Beat Jazz Hall of Fame Inducted

National Recording Registry

In 2005, Count Basie's song "One O'Clock Jump" (1937) was included by the National Recording Preservation Board in the Library of Congress National Recording Registry. Down Beat is an American Magazine devoted to "jazz blues and beyond" to indicate its expansion beyond the jazz realm which it covered exclusively For the 1957 album featuring Count Basie, Joe Williams and Ella Fitzgerald see One O'Clock Jump (album " One The Library of Congress is the De facto National library of the United States and the research arm of the United States Congress Wikipedia_talkFeatured_lists#Proposed_change_to_all_featured_lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->The recordings preserved [67] The board selects songs in an annual basis that are "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant. "

References

  1. ^ Basie, Count (1985). Good Morning Blues: The Autobiography of Count Basie. Paladin Grafton Books. ISBN 0586086382.  
  2. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 26
  3. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 33
  4. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 29
  5. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 32
  6. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 33
  7. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 33-34, plate 3
  8. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 41
  9. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 51
  10. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 55
  11. ^ Robinson, J. Bradford. Count Basie. in Kernfeld, Barry. ed. The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz, 2nd Edition, Vol. 1. London: MacMillan, 2002. p. 155.
  12. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 96
  13. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 68
  14. ^ http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0821.html
  15. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 77
  16. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 6
  17. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 20
  18. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 116
  19. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 120
  20. ^ Count Basie, 1985, plate 10
  21. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 122
  22. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 146
  23. ^ Dance, 1980, p. 67
  24. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 162
  25. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 171
  26. ^ Stanley Dance, The World of Count Basie, Da Capo, New York, 1980, ISBN 0-306-80245-7, p. 68
  27. ^ 1981 interview cited in "The Lester Young Story" (Properbox 16) p14-15
  28. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 165
  29. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 181
  30. ^ Leonard Feather, The Encyclopedia of Jazz, Bonanza Books, 1960, p. 112
  31. ^ Dance, 1980, p. 104
  32. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 184
  33. ^ Dance, 1980, p. 107
  34. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 188
  35. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 186
  36. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 200
  37. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 190
  38. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 199
  39. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 202
  40. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 208
  41. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 207
  42. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 211
  43. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 217-218
  44. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 229
  45. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 247
  46. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 260
  47. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 262
  48. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 274
  49. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 289-290
  50. ^ Dance, 1980, p. 5
  51. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 281, 304
  52. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 293
  53. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 299
  54. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 315
  55. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 318
  56. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 323
  57. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 335, 337
  58. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 339
  59. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 353
  60. ^ http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0821.html
  61. ^ Pignon, Charles (2004). The Sinatra Treasures, Virgin Books, ISBN 1852271841
  62. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 362
  63. ^ Dance, 1980, pp. 7-8
  64. ^ Count Basie, 1985, p. 370
  65. ^ Grammy Award search engine
  66. ^ Grammy Hall of Fame Database
  67. ^ 2005 National Recording Registry choices

External links

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