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See also Cotswold
Cotswolds
Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty
none The village of Bibury features Cotswold stone cottages
The village of Bibury features Cotswold stone cottages
Country England
Counties Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire, Somerset, Warwickshire, Wiltshire, Worcestershire. An Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB is an area of countryside with significant landscape value in England, Wales or Northern Ireland Bibury, a small Village in Gloucestershire, England, is a typical and picturesque Cotswold village Cotswold stone is a yellow oolitic Limestone quarried in many places in the Cotswold Hills in the south midlands of England. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland History See also History of Gloucestershire Gloucestershire is a historic county mentioned in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle in the 10th century History See also History of Oxfordshire The county of Oxfordshire was formed in the early years of the 10th century and is broadly situated in the Somerset ( or) is a county in south west England The County town is Taunton, which is in the south of the county Geography Warwickshire is bounded to the northwest by the West Midlands Metropolitan county and Staffordshire, by Leicestershire to Etymology The county formerly 'Wiltonshire' or 'Wiltunscir' (9th century is named after the former county town of Wilton (itself named after the River Wylye Worcestershire (ˈwʊstəʃə abbreviated Worcs) is a county located in the West Midlands region of central England.
Highest point
 - location Cleeve Hill
 - elevation 330 m (1,083 ft)
Plant Hawkweed, Pasque flower, Woolly Thistle, Yellow Archangel. Cleeve Hill is the highest point both in the Cotswolds and in the County of Gloucestershire, at 330 metres (1083 feet The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Hawkweed refers to any species in the very large genus Hieracium and its segregate genus Pilosella, in the Sunflower family (Asteraceae A pasque flower (or pasqueflower) is a Deciduous perennial that is found in short clumps in Meadows and Prairies of North This article is about the plant for other uses see Thistle (disambiguation. Lamiastrum galeobdolon, commonly known as Yellow Archangel, is a widespread wildflower in Europe and has been introduced elsewhere as a garden plant
Animal Badger, Goldfinch, Grey Wagtail, Treecreeper

The Cotswolds is a range of hills in west-central England, sometimes called the "Heart of England", an area 25 miles (40 km) across and 90 miles (145 km) long. Badger is the Common name for any animal of three subfamilies which belong to the family Mustelidae: the same Mammal family as the The Grey Wagtail ( Motacilla cinerea) is a small passerine in the Wagtail family Motacillidae, which also includes the Pipits The treecreepers (Certhiidae are a family of small Passerine birds widespread in wooded regions of the Northern Hemisphere and Sub-Saharan Africa England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland A mile is a unit of Length, usually used to measure Distance, in a number of different systems including Imperial units United States The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand The area has been designated as the Cotswold Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. An Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB is an area of countryside with significant landscape value in England, Wales or Northern Ireland The highest point in the Cotswolds range is Cleeve Hill at 1,083 ft (330 m), 2. Cleeve Hill is the highest point both in the Cotswolds and in the County of Gloucestershire, at 330 metres (1083 feet A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International 5 miles (4 km) to the north of Cheltenham. Education

Contents

Location

The Cotswolds lie mainly within the ceremonial counties of Gloucestershire and Oxfordshire, but extend into parts of Wiltshire, Somerset, Worcestershire and Warwickshire. The ceremonial counties are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government as the Counties for the purposes of the Lieutenancies History See also History of Gloucestershire Gloucestershire is a historic county mentioned in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle in the 10th century History See also History of Oxfordshire The county of Oxfordshire was formed in the early years of the 10th century and is broadly situated in the Etymology The county formerly 'Wiltonshire' or 'Wiltunscir' (9th century is named after the former county town of Wilton (itself named after the River Wylye Somerset ( or) is a county in south west England The County town is Taunton, which is in the south of the county Worcestershire (ˈwʊstəʃə abbreviated Worcs) is a county located in the West Midlands region of central England. Geography Warwickshire is bounded to the northwest by the West Midlands Metropolitan county and Staffordshire, by Leicestershire to

Description

The spine of the Cotswolds runs south west to north east through six counties, particularly Gloucestershire, west Oxfordshire, and south western Warwickshire. The northern and western edges of the Cotswolds are marked by steep escarpments down to the Severn valley and the Warwickshire Avon. In Geomorphology, an escarpment is a transition zone between different physiogeographic provinces that involves a sharp steep Elevation differential characterized For other rivers named "Severn" see Severn River. The River Severn ( Welsh: Afon Hafren, Latin The River Avon or Avon is a River in or adjoining the counties of Leicestershire, Northamptonshire, Warwickshire, This escarpment or scarp feature, sometimes called the Cotswold Edge, is a result of the uplifting (tilting) of the limestone layer, exposing its broken edge. This is a cuesta, in geological terms. In Structural geology and Geomorphology, a cuesta (from Spanish: "slope" is a Ridge formed by gently tilted Sedimentary rock Geology (from Greek γη gê, "earth" and λόγος Logos, "speech" lit The dip slope is to the south east. A dip slope is a geological formation often created by Erosion of tilted strata. On the eastern boundary lies the city of Oxford and on the west is Stroud. Oxford is currently bidding for the 2010 Wikimania Conference Oxford () is a city, and the County town of Oxfordshire, Stroud is a Town and Civil parish in the County of Gloucestershire, England. To the south-east the upper reaches of the Thames Valley and towns such as Lechlade, Tetbury and Fairford are often considered to mark the limit of this region. The Thames Valley generally implies the region that drains into the River Thames (the Thames catchment) from west of Cirencester to London Lechlade is a Town in Gloucestershire, England. It is located at the southern edge of the Cotswolds. Tetbury is a town and Civil parish within the Cotswold district of Gloucestershire, England. Fairford is a small Town in Gloucestershire, England. It lies in the Cotswolds on the River Coln. To the south the Cotswolds, with the characteristic uplift of the Cotswold Edge, reach as far south as Bath and towns such as Chipping Sodbury and Marshfield share elements of Cotswold character. Bath is a city in Somerset in the south west of England It is situated west of London and south-east of Bristol. Chipping Sodbury is a market town in South Gloucestershire, south west England, founded in the 12th century by William Crassus. Marshfield is a Village in the local government area of South Gloucestershire, England, on the borders of the counties of Wiltshire and

Corsham in the south western Cotswolds
Corsham in the south western Cotswolds

The area is characterised by attractive small towns and villages built of the underlying Cotswold stone (a yellow oolitic limestone). Corsham is a small medieval town in northwest Wiltshire, England. A town is a type of settlement ranging from a few to several thousand (occasionally hundreds of thousands inhabitants although it may be applied loosely even to huge metropolitan A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet, but smaller than a Town or City. Cotswold stone is a yellow oolitic Limestone quarried in many places in the Cotswold Hills in the south midlands of England. Oolite ( egg stone) is a Sedimentary rock formed from Ooids spherical grains composed of concentric layers Limestone is a Sedimentary rock composed largely of the Mineral Calcite ( Calcium carbonate: CaCO3 This limestone is rich in fossils, in particular fossilised sea urchins. FOSSIL is a standard protocol for allowing serial communication for Telecommunications programs under the DOS Operating system. Sea urchins are small globular spiny sea cat animals composing most of class Echinoidea. In the Middle Ages, the wool trade made the Cotswolds prosperous; hence the Speaker of the British House of Lords sits on the Woolsack showing where the Medieval wealth of the country came from. Wool is the fiber derived from the specialized skin cells called follicles of animals in the Caprinae family principally sheep, but the hair of certain species The term speaker is a title often given to the presiding officer of a legislative body The House of Lords is the second house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and is also commonly referred to as "the Lords" The Woolsack is the seat of the Lord Speaker in the House of Lords, the Upper House of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Some of this money was put into the building of churches so the area has a number of large, handsome Cotswold stone "wool churches". A wool church is an English church built primarily from the proceeds of the mediaeval Wool trade The area remains affluent and has attracted wealthy people who own second homes in the area or have chosen to retire to the Cotswolds.

Typical Cotswold towns are Bourton-on-the-Water, Broadway, Burford, Chipping Norton, Cirencester, Moreton-in-Marsh, Stow-on-the-Wold and Winchcombe. Bourton-on-the-Water is a Village in Gloucestershire, England in the Cotswolds area Broadway is a small Cotswold Village in Worcestershire, England. Burford (ˈbɜːfəd is a Cotswold Town in Oxfordshire, England. Chipping Norton is a Town in the West Oxfordshire Distrcit of Oxfordshire, England, located north west of Oxford. Cirencester is a Market town in Gloucestershire, England, 93 miles (150 km west northwest of London Moreton-in-Marsh is a town in Gloucestershire, England. The name "Moreton" derives from "Farmstead on the Moor" while the suffix "in Marsh" Stow-on-the-Wold is a Market town and Civil parish in Gloucestershire, England. Winchcombe is a Cotswold Town in the Local Authority District of Tewkesbury, in Gloucestershire, England. The town of Chipping Campden is notable for being the home of the Arts and Crafts movement, founded by William Morris at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries. Chipping Campden is a small Market town within the Cotswold district of Gloucestershire, England. The Arts and Crafts Movement was a British, Canadian, and American Aesthetic movement occurring in the last years of the 19th century and the William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896 was an English Architect, Furniture and Textile designer artist writer and socialist associated William Morris lived occasionally in Broadway Tower a folly now part of a country park. Broadway Tower is a Folly located on Broadway Hill A44 between Evesham and Moreton-in-Marsh, one mile (1 Chipping Campden is also known for the annual Cotswold Games, a celebration of sports and games dating back to the early 17th century. “Olympicks” redirects here For the international games see Olympic Games.

Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty

Late summer scene in the Cotswolds
Late summer scene in the Cotswolds

The Cotswolds were designated an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) in 1966, with an expansion on 21 December 1990 to 1,990 square kilometres (768 sq mi). An Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB is an area of countryside with significant landscape value in England, Wales or Northern Ireland Events 69 - The end of the Year of the four emperors: Following Galba, Otho and Vitellius, Vespasian Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. In 1991 all AONBs were measured again using modern methods. The official area of the Cotswolds AONB increased to 2,038 square kilometres (787 sq mi). In 2000 the government confirmed that AONBs had the same landscape quality and status as National Parks.

A horse in a field of buttercups in the Cotswolds
A horse in a field of buttercups in the Cotswolds

The largest of 40 AONBs in England and Wales, the Cotswolds AONB stretches from the border regions of South Warwickshire and Worcestershire, through West Oxfordshire and Gloucestershire and takes in parts of West Wiltshire and Bath and North East Somerset in the South.

The Cotswold Way is a long-distance footpath, approximately 103 miles (166 km) long, running the length of the AONB, mainly on the edge of the Cotswold escarpment with views over the Severn Valley and the Vale of Evesham. The Cotswold Way is a long-distance footpath, running along the Cotswold Edge Escarpment of the Cotswold Hills in England. The Vale of Evesham is the name used for the flat and fertile area of southern Worcestershire, England, along the valley of the River Avon, centred on

The Cotswold Voluntary Wardens Service was established in 1968 to help conserve and enhance the area. There are now over 300 Wardens. In 2005 they gave over 36,000 hours of their time.

Principal Settlements

Noteworthy historical structures

Transport

Map of Cotswolds roads from 1933
Map of Cotswolds roads from 1933

The Cotswolds is ringed by the M5, M40 and M4 motorways, giving easy access to the area. Shipston-on-Stour is a town and Civil parish within the Stratford-on-Avon district of the southern part of Warwickshire, England. Chipping Campden is a small Market town within the Cotswold district of Gloucestershire, England. Broadway is a small Cotswold Village in Worcestershire, England. Moreton-in-Marsh is a town in Gloucestershire, England. The name "Moreton" derives from "Farmstead on the Moor" while the suffix "in Marsh" Winchcombe is a Cotswold Town in the Local Authority District of Tewkesbury, in Gloucestershire, England. Stow-on-the-Wold is a Market town and Civil parish in Gloucestershire, England. Burford (ˈbɜːfəd is a Cotswold Town in Oxfordshire, England. Cirencester is a Market town in Gloucestershire, England, 93 miles (150 km west northwest of London Tetbury is a town and Civil parish within the Cotswold district of Gloucestershire, England. Wotton-under-Edge (pronounced) is a Market town within the Stroud district of Gloucestershire, England. Beverston Castle, also known as Beverstone Castle, was originally constructed as a Medieval stone Fortress and is situated in the village of Beverston Calcot Manor, Gloucestershire, England (National Grid Reference ST 841180 94891 was established in approximately 1300 AD by Henry of Kingswood as a Tithe Chavenage House is an Elizabethan era Manor house situated 15 miles northwest of Tetbury, in the Cotswolds area of Gloucestershire Chedworth Roman Villa is a Roman villa located at Chedworth, Gloucestershire, England. Cirencester Abbey in Gloucestershire was founded as an Augustinian monastery in 1117 on the site of an earlier church the oldest-known Saxon church in England which Malmesbury Abbey, at Malmesbury in Wiltshire, England, was founded as a Benedictine Monastery around 676 by the scholar-poet Owlpen Manor is a Tudor Grade I listed Manor house of the Mander family, situated in the village of Owlpen in the Stroud district Sudeley Castle is located near Winchcombe, Gloucestershire, England. Tetbury is a town and Civil parish within the Cotswold district of Gloucestershire, England. This article is about the M5 motorway in England See M5 for other roads numbered "M5" The M40 Motorway is a motorway in the English Transport network that connects London to Birmingham. The M4 motorway is a Motorway in Great Britain linking London with Wales. The main non-motorway roads through the area are the A46: Bath — Stroud — Cheltenham; the A419: Swindon — Cirencester — Stroud; the A429: Cirencester — Stow-on-the-Wold — Moreton-in-Marsh; and the A40: Oxford — Burford — Cheltenham. The A46 is a Trunk road in England. It largely follows the course of the Roman Fosse Way, from Lincoln to south Devon. Bath is a city in Somerset in the south west of England It is situated west of London and south-east of Bristol. Stroud is a Town and Civil parish in the County of Gloucestershire, England. Education The A419 road is a Dual carriageway Trunk road between Chiseldon near Swindon at junction 15 of the M4 with the A346 road Swindon ( is a large town in the ceremonial county of Wiltshire in the South West of England, midway between Bristol (64 km / 40 miles Cirencester is a Market town in Gloucestershire, England, 93 miles (150 km west northwest of London The A429 is a main road in England that runs in a north-northeasterly direction from junction 17 of the M4 motorway (4 miles north of Chippenham in Stow-on-the-Wold is a Market town and Civil parish in Gloucestershire, England. Moreton-in-Marsh is a town in Gloucestershire, England. The name "Moreton" derives from "Farmstead on the Moor" while the suffix "in Marsh" For other uses see A40, for details of the A40 in london see A40 road (London. Oxford is currently bidding for the 2010 Wikimania Conference Oxford () is a city, and the County town of Oxfordshire, Burford (ˈbɜːfəd is a Cotswold Town in Oxfordshire, England. These all roughly follow the routes of ancient roads, some laid down by the Romans, such as Ermin Street and the Fosse Way. Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC Ermin Street or Ermin Way (not to be confused with Ermine Street, which is further east is one of the great Roman roads of Britain The Fosse Way was a Roman road in England that linked Exeter ( Isca Dumnoniorum) in South West England to Lincoln

The area is bounded by two major rail routes: in the south by the main Bristol-Bath-London High Speed line and in the west by the Bristol-Birmingham main line. The Great Western Main Line is a main line Railway in England that runs westwards from London Paddington station to Temple Meads The North-East/South-West route (sometimes simply The Cross-Country Route) is the major British rail route running from South West England via Bristol, Birmingham In addition, the Cotswold Line runs through the Cotswolds from Oxford to Worcester, and the Golden Valley Line runs from Swindon to Gloucester, carrying high speed and local services. Route Towns and villages served by stations on the line are listed below from east to west Worcester (ˈwʊstə is a city and County town of Worcestershire, in the West Midlands of England. The Golden Valley Line is a railway line from Swindon to Standish Junction, which is just south of Gloucester, UK. Gloucester (ˈɡlɒstɚ) is a city, district and County town of Gloucestershire in the South West region of England.

Main line, high speed rail services to the big cities are reached via stations such as Bath, Swindon, Oxford, Cheltenham and Worcester. Bath is a city in Somerset in the south west of England It is situated west of London and south-east of Bristol. High speed services to London are also available from Kemble station near Cirencester, Kingham station near Stow-on-the-Wold and Moreton-in-Marsh station. Kemble railway station is a Railway station that serves the village of Kemble in Gloucestershire. Kingham railway station serves the village of Kingham in Oxfordshire, England. Moreton-in-Marsh railway station is a Railway station serving the town of Moreton-in-Marsh in Gloucestershire, England.

Cheltenham is a hub for National Express coach services. National Express Group plc ( is a UK -based Transport group with headquarters in London that operates Bus, coach, rail There are local bus services across the area, but some are infrequent. The best sources of information are the Gloucestershire County Council website,[1] or local tourist information centres. A visitor center, centre (see Spelling differences) or visitor information centre may be A visitor center at a specific attraction

In popular culture

Writer and comedian Karl Pilkington writes of a holiday to the Cotswolds in his book Happyslapped by a jellyfish. Karl Pilkington (born on 23 September 1972 is a Sony Award -winning Radio producer, podcaster and author best known for producing and co-presenting Happyslapped by a Jellyfish is the second book by Karl Pilkington. The story was read in 2007 on the Ricky Gervais Show. This article is about the audio programme for the tv programme see Meet Ricky Gervais The Ricky Gervais Show is a comedy audio

British playwright and actress Charlotte Jones set her award winning play Humble Boy [1]the Cotswolds. Charlotte Jones may refer to Charlotte Jones (writer, British playwright and actress Charlotte Jones (comics Humble Boy received the Smith Blackburn Award, 2001, as well as the Critics' Circle Award for Best New Play and the People's Choice New Play Award in 2002.

See also

References

  1. ^ Cotswold bus times

External links

Coordinates: 52°00′00″N 1°42′00″W / 52, -1.7

A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system.

Dictionary

Cotswolds

-proper noun

  1. A range of limestone hills in West-central England
  2. The area of England characterised by the Cotswolds
  3. The area of the Cotswold Hills AONB
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