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COST 231 Model, also called the Hata Model PCS Extension, is a radio propagation model that extends the Hata Model and Okumura Model to cover a more elaborated range of frequencies. A radio propagation model, also known as the Radio Wave Propagation Model or the Radio Frequency Propagation Model, is an Empirical Mathematical The Okumura model for Urban Areas is a Radio propagation model that was built using the data collected in the city of Tokyo, Japan. Frequency is a measure of the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit Time.

Contents

Applicable To / Under Conditions

This model is applicable to Open, Suburban and Urban Areas.

suggestion: The formula shown below is only applicable to the evaluation of Path Loss in Urban Areas. To further evaluate Path Loss in Suburban or Rural Quasi-open/Open Areas, this path loss has to be substituted into Urban to Rural/Urban to Suburban Conversions. (Ray GAO, 09 Sep 2007)

Coverage

Frequency: 1500 MHz to 2000 MHz

Mobile Station Antenna Height: up to 10m

Base station Antenna Height: 30m to 100m

Link Distance: up to 20 km

Mathematical Formulation

The COST 231 model is formulated as,

L \; = \; 46.3 \; + \; 33.9\log f \; - \; 13.82 \log h_B \; - \; C_H \; + \; [44.9 \;- \;6.55 \log h_B] \log d \; + \; C

C \; = \; \begin{cases} 0 \; dB \mbox{ for medium cities and suburban areas} \\ 3 \; dB \mbox{ for metropolitan areas} \end{cases}

Where,

L = Median path loss. The mobile station ( MS) comprises all user equipment and software needed for Communication with a Wireless telephone network. An antenna is a Transducer designed to transmit or Receive electromagnetic waves In other words antennas convert electromagnetic waves into The term base station can be used in the context of Land surveying, Wireless computer networking, and Wireless communications. An antenna is a Transducer designed to transmit or Receive electromagnetic waves In other words antennas convert electromagnetic waves into In Probability theory and Statistics, a median is described as the number separating the higher half of a sample a population or a Probability distribution Path loss (or path attenuation) is the reduction in power density ( attenuation) of an Electromagnetic wave as it propagates through space Unit: Decibel (dB)

f = Frequency of Transmission. The decibel ( dB) is a logarithmic unit of measurement that expresses the magnitude of a physical quantity (usually power or intensity relative to Unit: Megahertz (MHz)

hB = Base Station Antenna effective height. The hertz (symbol Hz) is a measure of Frequency, informally defined as the number of events occurring per Second. The term base station can be used in the context of Land surveying, Wireless computer networking, and Wireless communications. An antenna is a Transducer designed to transmit or Receive electromagnetic waves In other words antennas convert electromagnetic waves into In Telecommunication, the term effective height can refer to the height of the center of Radiation of an antenna above the effective ground level Unit: Meter (m)

d = Link distance. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International Unit: Kilometer (km)

CH = Mobile station Antenna height correction factor as described in the Hata Model for Urban Areas. The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand The mobile station ( MS) comprises all user equipment and software needed for Communication with a Wireless telephone network. An antenna is a Transducer designed to transmit or Receive electromagnetic waves In other words antennas convert electromagnetic waves into The Hata Model for Urban Areas, also knows as the Okumura-Hata model for being a developed version of the Okumura Model, is the most widely used model in radio frequency

Points to Note

This model is suitable for using in the same scenarios for Hata and Okumura Models.

Limitations

This model requires that the base station antenna is higher than all adjacent rooftops.

See also

The Hata Model for Urban Areas, also knows as the Okumura-Hata model for being a developed version of the Okumura Model, is the most widely used model in radio frequency The Hata Model for Suburban Areas, also knows as the Okumura-Hata model for being a developed version of the Okumura Model, is the most widely used model in radio The Hata Model for Open Areas, also knows as the Okumura-Hata model for being a developed version of the Okumura Model, is the most widely used model in radio frequency propagation A radio propagation model, also known as the Radio Wave Propagation Model or the Radio Frequency Propagation Model, is an Empirical Mathematical
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