Corinth Κόρινθος
The Temple of Apollo in Ancient Corinth
Location
Coordinates	37°56′N 22°56′E / 37.933, 22.933Coordinates: 37°56′N 22°56′E / 37.933, 22.933
Time zone:	EET/EEST (UTC+2/3)
Elevation (min-max):	0 - 10 m (0 - 33 ft)
Government
Country:	Greece
Periphery:	Peloponnese
Prefecture:	Corinthia
Population statistics (as of 2001[1])
City Proper
- Population:	36,555
- Area:[2]	102. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Eastern European Time ( EET) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. Eastern European Summer Time ( EEST) is one of the names of UTC+3 Time zone, 3 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time UTC+3 is used in the following locations Moscow Time Eastern European Summer Time West Asian Summer Time The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία The peripheries ( Περιφέρειες) are the official regional Administrative divisions of Greece. The Peloponnese or Peloponnesus ( Greek: Πελοπόννησος Pelopónnisos; see also List of Greek place names) is a large Peninsula Greece consists of 13 administrative regions known as Peripheries of Greece, which are further subdivided into 3 super-prefectures and 54 prefectures or nomes Corinthia (Greek Κορινθία Korinthía) is the area around the city of Corinth, located in the north-eastern part of the Peloponnese peninsula In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 2 km² (39 sq mi)
- Density:	358 /km² (926 /sq mi)
Codes
Postal:	201 00
Area:	27410
Auto:	KP
Website
www.korinthos.gr

Corinth, or Korinth (Greek Κόρινθος, ([Kórinthos] (help·info)) is a city in Greece. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume The Greek Postal code system is is administered by ELTA (Ελληνικά Ταχυδρομεία Hellenic Post) This is a list of dialing codes in Greece. The first digit represents type of service Greek Vehicle registration plates are composed of three letters and four digits per plate (e Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία In antiquity it was a city-state, on the Isthmus of Corinth, the narrow stretch of land that joins the Peloponnesus to the mainland of Greece. A city-state is a Region controlled exclusively by a City, usually having Sovereignty. The Isthmus of Corinth is the narrow landbridge which connects the Peloponnese peninsula with the mainland of Greece, near the city of Corinth The Peloponnese or Peloponnesus ( Greek: Πελοπόννησος Pelopónnisos; see also List of Greek place names) is a large Peninsula To the west of the isthmus lies the Gulf of Corinth, to the east lies the Saronic Gulf. The Gulf of Corinth or the Corinthian Gulf is a deep inlet of the Ionian Sea separating the Peloponnese from western mainland Greece. The Saronic Gulf ( Greek: Σαρωνικός κόλπος Saronikós kólpos) or Gulf of Aegina in Greece forms part of the Corinth is about 78 kilometres (48 mi) southwest of Athens. Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's The isthmus, which was in ancient times traversed by hauling ships over the rocky ridge on sledges, is now cut by a canal.

Corinth is now the capital of the prefecture of Corinthia. Greece consists of 13 administrative regions known as Peripheries of Greece, which are further subdivided into 3 super-prefectures and 54 prefectures or nomes Corinthia (Greek Κορινθία Korinthía) is the area around the city of Corinth, located in the north-eastern part of the Peloponnese peninsula The city is surrounded by the coastal townlets of (clockwise) Lechaio, Isthmia, Kechries, and the inland townlets of Examilia and the archaeological site. Lechaio ( Greek Modern Λέχαιο Ancient/ Katharevousa: -n also Lecheo, older form Lechaion, Lechaeum is a community in the Kechries ( Greek - Modern Κεχριές, rarely Κεχρεές, Ancient/ Katharevousa: Kenchreai - Κεγχρεαί) is Examilia (Εξαμίλια is a community in the municipality of Corinth. Geophysically the city is likewise surrounded by the narrow coastal plain of Vocha, Corinthian Gulf, Corinth Canal, Saronic Gulf, Oneia mountains, and the monolithic rock of Acrocorinth where the medieval acropolis was built. The Corinth Canal is a Canal that connects the Gulf of Corinth with the Saronic Gulf in the Aegean Sea. Acrocorinth (Ακροκόρινθος the Acropolis of Ancient Corinth, is a monolithic rock overseeing the ancient city of Corinth Greece. Acropolis (Gr akros akron edge extremity + polis city pl acropoleis

History

Main article: Ancient Corinth

Prehistoric era

The city was founded in the Neolithic Age, circa 6000 BC. Corinth, or Korinth ( Greek grc Κόρινθος was a City-state ( Polis) on the Isthmus of Corinth, the narrow stretch of land The Neolithic (from Greek νεολιθικός — neolithikos from νέος neos, "new" + λίθος lithos According to myth, the city was founded by Corinthos, a descendant of the god Helios (the Sun), while other myths suggest that it was founded by the goddess Ephyra, a daughter of the titan Oceanus, thus the ancient name of the city (also Ephyra). In Greek mythology the Sun was personified as Helios (ˈhiliˌɑs ( Ἥλιος Latinized as Helius) In Greek mythology, the Titans ( Greek: Tītā́n; plural Tītânes) were a race of powerful Deities that ruled during the legendary Ocean (Ὠκεανός was believed to be the world-ocean in Classical antiquity, which the ancient Romans and Greeks considered to be There is evidence that the city was destroyed around 2000 BC.

Before the end of the Mycenaean period the Dorians attempted to settle in Corinth. "Lion Gate" redirects here For other uses see Lions' Gate (disambiguation. The Dorians or Dorian Greeks ( Greek:, Dōrieis singular, Dōrieus were While at first they failed, their second attempt was successful when their leader Aletes followed a different path around the Corinthian Gulf from Antirio. Antirrio ( Greek: Modern Αντίρριο pronounced, Ancient/ Katharevousa: -n other spellings Antirrio, Antirrion, Antirhion,

Some ancient names for the place, such as Korinthos, derive from a pre-Greek, "Pelasgian" language; it seems likely that Corinth was also the site of a Bronze Age Mycenaean palace-city, like Mycenae, Tiryns or Pylos. The name Pelasgians (from Ancient Greek grc Πελασγοί Pelasgoí, singular Πελασγός Pelasgós) was used by some ancient Greek The term Bronze Age refers to a period in human cultural development when the most advanced Metalworking (at least in systematic and widespread use included techniques for Tiryns (in ancient Greek Τίρυνς and in modern Τίρυνθα is a Mycenaean Archaeological site in the Greek nomos of This article is about the Greek geographical feature and town According to myth, Sisyphus was the founder of a race of ancient kings at Corinth. In Greek mythology, Sisyphus ( Greek: Σίσυφος, Latinized: Sisyphus (ˈsɪsɨfəs was a King punished in It was also in Corinth that Jason, the leader of the Argonauts, abandoned Medea. Jason ( Greek: Ἰάσων, Etruscan: Easun, Laz: Yason) was a late ancient Greek mythological For other uses of this term see Argonaut. In Greek mythology, the Argonauts ( Ancient Greek:) were a band of heroes Medea (Μήδεια Mēdeia) in Greek mythology was the daughter of King Aeëtes of Colchis, niece of Circe, granddaughter of During the Trojan War Corinthians participated under the leadership of Agamemnon. In Greek mythology, the Trojan War was waged against the city of Troy by the Achaeans after Paris of Troy stole Helen from her In Greek mythology, Agamemnon (very resolute / ( ancient Greek:) is a hero, the son of King Atreus of Mycenae

Just before the beginning of the classical period Corith became the location for the development of the trireme, a ship design that would be widespread in the navies of the maditerrainian basin until the late Roman period. Corinth took part in the first naval battle on record, against the hellenic city of Corcyra. Corfu (Κέρκυρα Kérkyra, ˈkʲe̞ɾkʲiɾa Κέρκυρα or Κόρκυρα Corcyra Corfù is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea (Thucydides 1:13)

Classical era

Temple of Apollo, Ancient Corinth. Thucydides ( C 460 BC &ndash C 395 BC) ( Greek Θουκυδίδης Thoukydídēs) was a Greek

Periander (Περίανδρος) (r. Periander (Περίανδρος was the second Tyrant of Corinth Greece in the 7th century BC 627–585 BC). Events and trends 628 BC — King Josiah of Judah dies in the Battle of Megiddo against Pharaoh Necho II of Events and trends 589 BC — Apries succeeds Psammetichus II as king of Egypt.

Corinthian stater. The stater was an ancient coin of Greek or Lydian origin which circulated from about 700 BCE to 50 CE Obverse: Pegasus with Qoppa () beneath. In Greek mythology, Pegasus ( Greek: Πήγασος, Pégasos, 'strong' was a winged horse that was the son of Poseidon, in his role Qoppa or Koppa ( Ϙ) is a letter that was used in early forms of the Greek alphabet, derived from Phoenician Qoph. Reverse: Athena wearing Corinthian helmet. ATHENA was an Antimatter research project that took place at the AD Ring at CERN. Qoppa symbolised the archaic writing of the city (όρινθος).

In classical times the ancient city rivaled Athens and Thebes in wealth, based on the Isthmian traffic and trade. Thebes ( Classic Greek Θῆβαι, Mod Θήβα) is a city in Greece, situated to the north of the Cithaeron range which divides Until the mid-6th century Corinth was a major exporter of black-figure pottery to cities around the Greek world. The black-figure pottery ( Greek, ' μελανόμορφαmelanomorpha) technique is a style of ancient Greek pottery painting in which the decoration appears Athenian potters later came to dominate the market. Corinth's great temple on its ancient acropolis was dedicated to the goddess Aphrodite. According to most sources, there were more than one thousand temple prostitutes employed at the Temple of Aphrodite. Religious prostitution, sacred prostitution or temple prostitution is the practice of having Sexual intercourse (with a person other than one's spouse Corinth was also the host of the Isthmian Games. The Isthmian Games or Isthmia ( Ancient Greek Ἴσθμια were one of the Panhellenic Games of Ancient Greece, and were named after the

In the 7th century BC, when Corinth was ruled by the tyrants Cypselus (r. Cypselus (or Kypselos) (in Greek, Κύψελος) was the first Tyrant of Corinth in the 7th century BC 657-627 BC) and his son Periander (r. Periander (Περίανδρος was the second Tyrant of Corinth Greece in the 7th century BC 627-585 BC), the city sent forth colonists to found new settlements: Epidamnus (modern day Durrës, Albania), Syracuse, Ambracia (modern day town of Lefkas), Corcyra (modern day town of Corfu) and Anactorium. This article is about the country in southern Europe For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Albania topics. Syracuse (Siracusa Sicilian: Sarausa, Classical Greek: / transliterated Syrakousai) is a historic City in Ambracia, occasionally Ampracia ( Greek: ancient Ἀμπρακία modern Αμβρακία was an ancient Corinthian colony situated about 7 miles from Lefkada, or Leucas (Λευκάδα le̞fˈkaða Ancient Greek and Katharevousa: Λευκάς Leukás; Santa Maura is a Greek Corfu (Κέρκυρα Kérkyra, ˈkʲe̞ɾkʲiɾa Κέρκυρα or Κόρκυρα Corcyra Corfù is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea Corfu (Κέρκυρα Kérkyra, ˈkʲe̞ɾkʲiɾa Κέρκυρα or Κόρκυρα Corcyra Corfù is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea Actium (modern name Punta was the ancient name of a promontory of western Greece in northwestern Acarnania, at the mouth of the Sinus Ambracius ( Gulf of Arta Periander also founded Apollonia (modern day Fier, Albania) and Potidaea (in Chalcidice). Fieri ( Albanian: Fier or Fieri) is a City in southwest Albania, in the district Potidaea ( Greek: Ποτίδαια Potidaia, modern transliteration Potidea) was a Colony founded by the Corinthians around 600 Chalkidiki, also Halkidiki or Chalcidice, less often Khalkidiki and rarely Chalkidice (Χαλκιδική xalkʲiðiˈkʲi is one of the Corinth was also one of the nine Greek sponsor-cities to found the colony of Naukratis in Ancient Egypt. Naucratis or Naukratis, (Ναύκρατις loosely translated as "(the city that wields power over ships" (Piemro in Egyptian, now Kom Gieif was a Ancient Egypt was an Ancient Civilization in eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now Naucratis was founded to accommodate the increasing trade volume between the Greek world and the pharaohnic Egypt, during the reign of Pharaoh Psammetichus I of the 26th dynasty. Pharaoh is the title given in modern parlance to the ancient Egyptian kings of all periods The Saite or Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt was the last native dynasty to rule Egypt before the Persian conquest (although others followed and had its capital at

Periander was considered one of the Seven Wise Men of Greece. Periander (Περίανδρος was the second Tyrant of Corinth Greece in the 7th century BC The Seven Sages (of Greece or Seven Wise Men (Greek οἱ ἑπτά σοφοί hoi hepta sophoi c During his reign the first Corinthian coins were struck. The history of Ancient Greek coinage can be divided (along with most other Greek art forms into three periods the Archaic the Classical and the Hellenistic He was the first to attempt to cut across the Isthmus to create a seaway to allow ship traffic between the Corinthian and the Saronic Gulf. He abandoned the venture due to the extreme technical difficulties he met, but he created the Diolkos (a stone-build overland ramp) instead. The Diolkos &mdashfrom the Greek dia (across and holkos (portage&mdashwas a paved trackway in Ancient Greece which enabled boats to be The era of the Cypselids, ending with Periander's nephew Psammetichus, named after the hellenophile Egyptian Pharaoh Psammetichus I (see above), was the golden age of the city of Corinth.

During this era Corinthians developed the Corinthian order, the third order of the classical architecture after the Ionic and the Doric. The Corinthian order is one of the Classical orders of Greek and Roman Architecture, characterized The Ionic order column forms one of the three '''orders''' or '''organizational systems''' of Classical architecture, the other two canonic orders being the The Doric order was one of the three '''orders''' or organizational systems of Ancient Greek or Classical architecture; the other two Canonical The Corinthian order was the most complicated of the three, showing the accumulation of wealth and the luxurious lifestyle in the ancient city-state, while the Doric order was analogous to the strict and simplistic lifestyle of the older Dorians like the Spartans, and the Ionic was a balance between those two following the philosophy of harmony of Ionians like the Athenians.

Horace is quoted as saying: "non licet omnibus adire Corinthum", which translates as "Not everyone is able to go to Corinth",^[3] due to the expensive living standards that prevailed in the city. The city was renowned for the temple prostitutes of Aphrodite, the goddess of love, who served the wealthy merchants and the powerful officials living in or traveling in and out of the city. The most famous of them, Lais, was said to have extraordinary abilities and charged tremendous fees for her favours. Lais of Corinth was a legendary Hetaera or Courtesan of ancient Greece who was born probably in Corinth.

The city had two main ports, one in the Corinthian Gulf and one in the Saronic Gulf, serving the trade routes of the western and eastern Mediterranean, respectively. In the Corinthian Gulf lay Lechaion, which connected the city to its western colonies (Greek: apoikoiai) and Magna Graecia, while in the Saronic Gulf the port of Kenchreai served the ships coming from Athens, Ionia, Cyprus and the rest of the Levant. Lechaio ( Greek Modern Λέχαιο Ancient/ Katharevousa: -n also Lecheo, older form Lechaion, Lechaeum is a community in the Colonies in antiquity were City-states founded from a mother- City Kechries ( Greek - Modern Κεχριές, rarely Κεχρεές, Ancient/ Katharevousa: Kenchreai - Κεγχρεαί) is Geography Physical Ionia was of small extent not exceeding 90 geographical miles in length from north to south with a breadth varying from 40 to 55 miles but to this Cyprus (Κύπρος transliterated: Kýpros,; Kıbrıs officially the Republic of Cyprus (Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία Kypriakī́ Dīmokratía See also Names of the Levant The Levant (lə'vænt is a geographical term that denotes a large area in Western Asia, roughly bounded on the north by the Both ports had docks for the large war fleet of the city-state.

Corinthian order. The Corinthian order is one of the Classical orders of Greek and Roman Architecture, characterized

The city was a major participant in the Persian Wars, offering 40 war ships in the sea Battle of Salamis under the admiral Adeimantos and 5,000 hoplites (wearing their characteristic Corinthian helmets) in the following Battle of Plataea but afterwards was frequently an enemy of Athens and an ally of Sparta in the Peloponnesian League. The Battle of Salamis ( Ancient Greek:) was a decisive naval battle between the Greek City-states and Persia in September 480 BC in the Adeimantus of Corinth (Gr) son of Ocytus was the Corinthian commander during the invasion of Greece by Xerxes. The word hoplite ( Greek: hoplitēs; pl hoplitai) derives from hoplon ( plural hopla) meaning an item of armour or equipment thus 'hoplite' Originated in Ancient Greece and taking its name from the area of Corinth, the Corinthian helmet (Ancient Greek κόρυς κορινθίη The Battle of Plataea was the final major Battle of the Greco-Persian Wars in southern Greece. The city of Sparta ( Doric Σπάρτα Attic Σπάρτη The Peloponnesian League was an alliance of states in the Peloponnese in the 6th and 5th centuries BC. In 431 BC, one of the factors leading to the Peloponnesian War was the dispute between Corinth and Athens over the Corinthian colony of Corcyra (Corfu), which probably stemmed from the traditional trade rivalry between the two cities.

After the end of the Peloponnesian War, Corinth and Thebes, which were former allies with Sparta in the Peloponnesian League, had grown dissatisfied with the hegemony of Sparta and started the Corinthian War against it, which further weakened the city-states of the Peloponnese. The Corinthian War was an ancient Greek conflict lasting from 395 BC until 387 BC pitting Sparta against a coalition of four allied states Thebes A polis ( πόλις, pronunciation, in English-- plural poleis ( πόλεις, pronunciation, in English --is a City, a This weakness allowed for the subsequent invasion of the Macedonians of the north and the forging of the Corinthian League by Philip II of Macedon against the Persian Empire. Macedon or Macedonia ( Greek grc Μακεδονία grc-Latn Makedonía) was the name of a kingdom centered in the northern-most The League of Corinth, also sometimes referred to as Hellenic League (original name Hellenes - 'The Greeks' was a federation of Greek states created by Philip Philip II of Macedon, ( Greek: Φίλιππος Β' ο Μακεδών &mdash φίλος = friend + ίππος = Horse The Persian Empire was a series of Iranian empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland and beyond in Western Asia

In the 4th century BC, Corinth was home to Diogenes of Sinope, one of the world's best known cynics. Diogenes (Διογένης ὁ Σινωπεύς Diogenes ho Sinopeus) "the Cynic " Greek Philosopher, was born in Sinope The Cynics (Κυνικοί Cynici were an influential group of Philosophers from the ancient school of Cynicism

Roman era

Further information: Roman Greece

Corinthian helmet. Roman Greece is the period of Greek history (of Greece proper as opposed to the other centers of Hellenism in the Roman world following the Roman victory over

The Romans under Lucius Mummius destroyed Corinth following a siege in 146 BC; when he entered the city Mummius put all the men to the sword and sold the women and children into slavery before he torched the city, for which he was given the cognomen Achaicus as the conqueror of the Achaean League (see Battle of Corinth). The Roman Republic was the phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a Republican form of government a period which began with the overthrow of the Lucius Mummius (2nd century BC was a Roman statesman and general The cognomen (plural cognomina) was originally the third name of an Ancient Roman in the Roman naming convention. The Achaean League (Ἀχαϊκὴ Συμμαχία or (Ἀχαϊκὴ Συμπολιτεία was a Confederation of Greek city states in Achaea The Battle of Corinth was a battle fought between the Roman Republic and the Greek state of Corinth and its allies in the While there is archeological evidence of some minimal habitation in the years afterwards, Julius Caesar refounded the city as Colonia laus Iulia Corinthiensis in 44 BC shortly before his assassination. According to Appian, the new settlers were drawn from freedmen of Rome. A freedman is a former slave who has been manumitted or emancipated. Under the Romans it became the seat of government for Southern Greece or Achaia (according to Acts 18:12-26). Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Achaea (Αχαΐα Achaïa, axaˈia in Polytonic orthography) is an ancient province and a present prefecture of Greece, on the northern It was noted for its wealth, and for the luxurious, immoral and vicious habits of the people. It had a large mixed population of Romans, Greeks, and Jews. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************

When the apostle Paul first visited the city (AD 51 or 52), Gallio, the brother of Seneca, was proconsul. Paul the apostle (שאול התרסי Šaʾul HaTarsi, meaning " Saul of Tarsus " Σαούλ Saul and Σαῦλος Saulos and Lucius Annaeus Seneca (often known simply as Seneca, or Seneca the Younger; Σένεκας in Ancient Greek literature (c Ancient Rome In the Roman Republic, a proconsul was a Promagistrate (like a Propraetor) who after serving as Consul, spent a year Paul resided here for eighteen months (see Acts 18:1-18). The Acts of the Apostles is a book of the Bible, which now stands fifth in the New Testament. Here he first became acquainted with Aquila and Priscilla, and soon after his departure Apollos came from Ephesus. Priscilla and Aquila were a First Century Jewish Christian couple described in the New Testament Ephesus ( Hittite Apasa; Ancient Greek; Turkish Efes) was a city of ancient Anatolia.

Paul visited Corinth for a "second benefit" (see 2 Corinthians 1:15), and remained for three months, according to Acts 20:3. The Second Epistle to the Corinthians is a book in the New Testament, written by Paul the Apostle. During this second visit in the spring of 58 it is likely the Epistle to the Romans was written. The Epistle of St Paul the Apostle to the Romans is one of the letters of the New Testament canon of the Christian Bible. ^[4]

Paul also wrote two of his epistles to the Christian community at Corinth, the First Epistle to the Corinthians and the Second Epistle to the Corinthians. The Pauline epistles, Epistles of Paul, or Letters of Paul, are the thirteen New Testament books which have the name Paul (Παῦλος as the first The First Epistle to the Corinthians is a book of the Bible in the New Testament. The Second Epistle to the Corinthians is a book in the New Testament, written by Paul the Apostle. The first Epistle reflects the difficulties of maintaining a Christian community in such a cosmopolitan city.

Byzantine era

Further information: Byzantine Greece

Greek Orthodox Cathedral of St. Paul the Apostle. Roman Greece See also Roman Greece The Greek peninsula became a Roman protectorate in 146 BC, and the Aegean islands were added The Greek Orthodox Church ( Greek: Ἑλληνορθόδοξη Ἐκκλησία Hellēnorthódoxē Ekklēsía) is formed by several autocephalous churches Paul the apostle (שאול התרסי Šaʾul HaTarsi, meaning " Saul of Tarsus " Σαούλ Saul and Σαῦλος Saulos and

Acrocorinth; beyond to the north is the Gulf of Corinth. The Gulf of Corinth or the Corinthian Gulf is a deep inlet of the Ionian Sea separating the Peloponnese from western mainland Greece.

The city was destroyed by an earthquake in 375 and again in 551. During Alaric's invasion of Greece, in 395–396, Corinth was one of the cities he despoiled, selling many of its citizens into slavery. Alaric I ( Alareiks in the original Gothic; Alarik or Alarich in modern Germanic languages Alaricus in Latin and Alarico

During the reign of Byzantine emperor Justinian I, a large stone wall was erected from the Saronic to the Corinthian gulf, protecting the city and the Peloponnesean peninsula from the barbarian invasions of the north. This is a list of the Emperors of the Eastern Roman Empire, commonly known as the Byzantine Empire by modern historians Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Iustinianus ( Greek: Φλάβιος Πέτρος Σαββάτιος Ιουστινιανός; known in English as Justinian I or The stone wall was about six miles (10 km) long and was named Examilion (exi=six in Greek). During this era Corinth was the seat of the Thema of Hellas (representing modern day Greece). Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία

In November 856 — An earthquake in Corinth killed an estimated 45,000. An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth 's crust that creates Seismic waves Earthquakes are recorded with a Seismometer

In the 12th century (during the reign of the Comnenus dynasty), the wealth of the city, generated from the silk trade to the Latin states of western Europe, attracted the attention of the Sicilian Normans under Roger of Sicily, who plundered it in 1147. The Normans were the people who gave their names to Normandy, a region in northern France. Roger II ( 22 December 1095 &ndash 26 February 1154) was King of Sicily, son of Roger I of Sicily and successor to his

Principality of Achaea

In 1204, Geoffrey I de Villehardouin, nephew of the homonymous famous historian of the Fourth Crusade, was granted Corinth after the sack of Constantinople, with the title of Prince of Achaea. Geoffrey I Villehardouin (Geoffroi was nephew to Geoffrey of Villehardouin, and a knight and crusader who went to Palestine and later came to help William Geoffrey of Villehardouin (in French Geoffroi de Villehardouin) (1160 &ndash c The Fourth Crusade (1202&ndash1204 was originally designed to conquer Muslim Jerusalem by means of an invasion through Egypt. Constantinople (Κωνσταντινούπολις Konstantinoúpolis, or gr ἡ Πόλις hē Polis, Latin: la CONSTANTINOPOLIS From 1205-1208 the Corinthians resisted the Frankish domination from their stronghold in Acrocorinth, under the command of the Greek general Leo Sgouros. The French knight William of Champlitte led the crusader forces. Legal residents and citizens To be French according to the first article of the Constitution is to be a citizen of France regardless of one's origin race or religion ( William of Champlitte (died 1209 was a participant on the Fourth Crusade, and the first Prince of Achaea. In 1208 Leo Sgouros killed himself by riding off the top of Acrocorinth, but from 1208 to 1210 the Corinthians continued to resist against the enemy forces. After the collapse of the resistance and for the years to come, Corinth became a full part of the Principality of Achaea, governed by the Villehardouin's from their capital in Andravida of Elis. The Principality of Achaea or of the Morea was one of the three Vassal states of the Latin Empire which replaced the Byzantine Empire Andravída (Ανδραβίδα anðɾaˈviða is a city in the Ilia Prefecture of the Peloponnese, Greece. Elis, or Eleia ( Greek, Modern Ήλιδα Ilida, Ancient Ēlis, Doric: Alis, Elean: Walis) is an ancient Corinth was the last significant town of Achaea on its northern borders with another crusader state, the Duchy of Athens. The Duchy of Athens was one of the Crusader States set up in Greece after the conquest of the Byzantine Empire during the Fourth Crusade, The Byzantines reconquered the city and it became part of the despotate of Morea in 1388. The Despotate of Morea ( Δεσποτάτο του Μορέως) was a province of the Byzantine Empire which existed between the mid- 14th and mid- The Ottomans captured it in 1395. The Byzantines captured it again in 1403. Theodore II Plaiologos, who was Despot of Morea, built the Hexamilion wall across the Isthmus of Corinth. Theodore II Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Greek Θεόδωρος Β΄ Παλαιολόγος Theodōros II Palaiologos) (c The Hexamilion wall ( Εξαμίλιον τείχος, "six-mile wall" is a defensive wall constructed across the Isthmus of Corinth guarding the only land The Isthmus of Corinth is the narrow landbridge which connects the Peloponnese peninsula with the mainland of Greece, near the city of Corinth

Ottoman Rule

In 1458, five years after the final Fall of Constantinople, the Turks of the Ottoman Empire conquered the city and its mighty castle. The Fall of Constantinople refers to the capture of the Byzantine Empire's capital by the Ottoman Empire on Tuesday May 29, 1453 (Julian Calendar The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish The Ottomans renamed it Gördes. It became the Sanjak centre of Morea in Rumelia Province. The Venetians captured it in 1687 and it fell under the control of the Republic of Venice according to Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699. The Most Serene Republic of Venice ((Serenìsima Repùblica Vèneta or Repùblica de Venesia Serenissima Repubblica The Treaty (Peace of Karlowitz (Karlovci was signed on January 26, 1699 in Sremski Karlovci ( Serbian Cyrillic: Сремски Карловци Ottomans retook the city in 1715. It was the capital of Mora Province between 1715-1731 and the Sanjak centre between 1731-1821.

Independence

During the Greek War of Independence, 1821-1830 the city was destroyed by the Turkish forces. The Greek War of Independence (1821–1829 also commonly known as the Greek Revolution (Ελληνική Επανάσταση Elliniki Epanastasi; Ottoman The city was officially liberated in 1832 after the Treaty of London. The London Conference of 1832 was an international conference convened to establish a stable government in Greece. In 1833, the site was considered among the candidates for the new capital city of the recently founded Kingdom of Greece, due to its historical significance and strategic position. The Kingdom of Greece ( Greek:, Vasíleion tīs Elládos) was a state established in 1832 in the Convention of London by the Great Athens, then an insignificant town, was chosen instead.

Modern Corinth

Coat of Arms of the Municipality of Corinth.

In 1858, the old city of Corinth (now known as Αρχαία Κόρινθος / Ancient Corinth; a town 3km/2mi SW of the modern city) was totally destroyed by an earthquake. The new city of Corinth was founded on the coast of the Gulf of Corinth. Corinth is the second largest city in the periphery of Peloponnese after Kalamata (53,659 inh. Kalamata (Καλαμάτα Kalamáta, formerly Καλάμαι Kalámai) is the second-largest city of the Peloponnese in southern Greece in 2001). In the census of 1991 the city had a population of 28,071 while latest data 2001 showed an increase of 2,363 inhabitants (+8,4%) to 30,434. Between the census of 1981 and that of 1991 the city had one of the fastest-increasing populations in the country.

The Municipality of Corinth or Dimos Korinthion had a population of 36,991 in 2001. The municipality includes the town of Ancient Corinth (1,770 inh. ), where the ancient and the medieval city used to be built at the foothills of the rock of Acrocorinth 3km from the new city centre, the town of Examilia (1,547 inh. ), and the smaller settlements of Xylokeriza (777 inh. ) and Solomos (686 inh. ).

The Corinth Canal, carrying ship traffic between the western Mediterranean and the Aegean Sea, is about 4 km east of the city, cutting through the Isthmus of Corinth. Etymology In ancient times there were various explanations for the name Aegean. The Isthmus of Corinth is the narrow landbridge which connects the Peloponnese peninsula with the mainland of Greece, near the city of Corinth

A city square is located next to its port. Corinth, or Korinth ( Greek Κόρινθος ( is a city in Greece. The port operates north of the square, and serves the local needs of industry and agriculture. It is mainly a cargo exporting facility. The town centre is home to some surprisingly glamorous shops and bars for a relatively small town, as well as high quality local leather and jewellery outlets.

The Corinth Canal cuts through the Isthmus. The Corinth Canal is a Canal that connects the Gulf of Corinth with the Saronic Gulf in the Aegean Sea. The Isthmus of Corinth is the narrow landbridge which connects the Peloponnese peninsula with the mainland of Greece, near the city of Corinth

Corinth is a major industrial hub at a national level. Copper cables, petroleum products, medical equipment, marble, gypsum, ceramic tiles, salt, mineral water & beverages, meat products, and gums are produced nearby. As of 2005, a period of de-industrialization has commenced as a large pipework complex, a textile factory and a meat packing facility disrupted their operations.

A large oil-refinery complex is situated about 12 km northeast of the city, which some think is the line marking the Athens metro area. The complex is amongst the largest in the eastern Mediterranean. It is surrounded by Greece Interstate 8A and a 3+1 lanes per direction freeway. Greek National Road 8A, sometimes Greek National Road 8 is a toll road running from Kifissou avenue in Athens up to the northeast of Patras. A modern rest area with restaurants and gas stations is located nearby on the freeway.

The city is the terminal point of a newly-built ultra-modern electric railway line (Proastiakos) to the Athens metropolitan area. Proastiakós ( Greek: Προαστιακός meaning "Suburban" from ancient Greek "pro + asty (προ-άστυ" meaning "towards the city" Expectations for further economic and residential expansion are significant due to this new development.

The city is also a major road hub being the entry point to the Peloponnesian peninsula, the southernmost area of continental Greece.

Port of Corinth

The Port of Corinth is situated close to the northwest entrance of the Corinth Canal, at 37 56. 0’ N / 22 56. 0’ E (Local Time: [GMT +2]). It is an artificial harbour (depth app. A harbor or harbour (see spelling differences) or haven, is a place where ships may shelter from the Weather or are stored 9 metres/27 feet), protected by a concrete mole (length app. A mole is a massive structure usually of stone, used as a Pier, breakwater, or junction between places separated by water 930 metres, width 100 metres, mole surface 93,000 m2) in front of the town of Corinth. A new pier finished in the late 1980s doubled the capacity of the port. The reinforced mole protects anchored vessels from strong northern winds. The port facilities are well protected around their perimeter by high iron fences.

Within the port a customs office facility and a Hellenic Coast Guard post operate 24/7. Customs is an Authority or agency in a Country responsible for collecting and safeguarding customs duties and for controlling the flow of goods The Hellenic Coast Guard ( Greek Λιμενικό Σώμα - lit Sea traffic is limited to trade in the export of local produce, mainly citrus fruits, grapes, marbles, aggregates and some (less) domestic imports. The Port of Corinth operates as a contingency facility for general cargo ships, bulk carriers and ROROs, in case of strikes at Piraeus port. Definition There are various ways to define the term bulk carrier See also Merchant ship Roll-on/roll-off (RORO or ro-ro Ships are ferries designed to carry wheeled Cargo such as Strike action, often simply called a strike, is a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal by Employees to perform work. Piraeus (pɪˈræʊs Πειραιάς, piɾeˈas Πειραιεύς, piɾeˈefs is a city in the periphery of Attica, Greece, and a There is a ferry line (RORO) connecting Corinth to Italy. See also Merchant ship A ferry is a form of transport usually a Boat or Ship, used to carry (or ferry) passengers and Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest

Emblem of P. A. S. Kórinthos (Π. Α. Σ Κόρινθος) football/soccer team

Load Line zone

Summer, Salt Water. Plimsoll line={S}. Waterline refers to an imaginary line marking the level at which Ship or Boat floats in the Water.

British Admiralty charts

BA1085, BA1093, BA1600

Corinth Football (Soccer)

The city's football (soccer) team is the Athletic Football Club of Corinth, P. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered A. S. Kórinthos (Π. Α. Σ. Κόρινθος). During the 2006-2007 season, the team played in the Greek Fourth Division's Regional Group 7. The team went undefeated that season and it earned the top spot. [1] This granted the team a promotion to the Gamma Ethnikí (Third Division) for the 2007-2008 season. History It began in 1965 as an amateur championship while in 1983 it was changed to professional

P. A. S. Kórinthos was established in 1999 after the merger of the Pankorinthian Football Club (Παγκορινθιακός) and the Corinth Football Club (Π. Α. E. Κόρινθος).

Gallery

Sister cities

• Syracuse, Sicily^[5]
• Jagodina, Serbia

See also

List of traditional Greek place names

Notable people

• Euphranor (4th century BC) sculptor and painter

Notes

Partial text from Easton's Bible Dictionary, 1897

References

External links

• City of Corinth official website (Greek)
• History timeline
• Kórinthos FC official website (Greek)