| Homicide |
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| Murder |
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Assassination |
| Manslaughter |
| Non-criminal homicide |
| Other types of homicide |
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Avunculicide |
| "Homicide" status disputed |
Contract killing occurs when a private contractor or a government hires someone to kill a specific person or people for a sum of money. List of countries by homicide rate Homicide ( Latin homicidium, homo human being + caedere to cut kill refers to the act of killing another Murder is the unlawful killing of another human person with Malice aforethought, as defined in Common Law countries AssassiNation is the sixth album by Krisiun, released in 2006 on Century Media. Note for practices of systematically killing very young children see Infanticide. Consensual homicide, also called assisted suicide, refers to a killing in which the victim wants to die An honor killing or honour killing is generally the Murder of a family or clan member most often females when they (and maybe the wider community believe A lust murder is a Homicide in which the offender searches for erotic satisfaction by killing someone Lynching is an Extrajudicial punishment meted out by a mob Lynching an enumerated Felony in some states in the United States, is defined by some This article deals with mass killings that are not considered Genocide. A murder-suicide is an act in which an individual kills one or more other persons immediately before or at the same time as killing him or herself A proxy murder is a Murder in which the murderer does so at the behest of another acting as his or her proxy Human sacrifice is the act of Homicide (the Killing of one or several Human beings in the context of a Religious ritual ( ritual killing A serial killer is a person who Murders usually three or more people with a "cooling off" period between each murder and whose motivation for killing is largely based A spree killer, also known as a rampage killer, is someone who embarks on a Murderous assault on his victims in a short time in multiple locations Torture murder is a loosely defined term to describe the process used by Murderers who kill their victims by slowly torturing them Manslaughter is a legal term for the killing of a human being in a manner considered by law as less culpable than Murder. For a discussion of the law in other countries see Manslaughter In the English law of Homicide, manslaughter is a less serious Negligent homicide is a charge brought against people who by inaction allow others under their care or presence intentionally to die Vehicular Homicide ( or sometimes known as Vehicular Manslaughter) in most states in the United States is a crime The United States' concept of justifiable homicide in Criminal law stands on the dividing line between an Excuse, justification and an Exculpation Capital punishment, the death penalty or execution, is the Killing of a person by judicial process as Punishment. Avunculicide is the act of killing an Uncle. The term is derived from the Latin words avunculus meaning "maternal uncle" and caedere Definition According to Rummel Genocide has three different meanings A familicide is a type of Murder or Murder-suicide in which at least one spouse and one or more children are killed Gendercide is a Neologism that refers to the systematic killing of members of a specific Sex, either Males or Females The term is intended to Filicide is the deliberate act of a parent killing his or her own son or daughter Fratricide (from the Latin word frater, meaning "brother" and cide meaning to kill is the act of a person Killing his or her Gendercide is a Neologism that refers to the systematic killing of members of a specific Sex, either Males or Females The term is intended to Genocide is the deliberate and systematic destruction in whole or in part of an ethnic racial religious or national group Infanticide is the practice of someone intentionally causing the death of an Infant. Mariticide (from Latin maritus "married" + -cide, from caedere "to cut to kill" literally means the murder of one's married Matricide is the act of Killing one's Mother. As for any type of killing motives can vary a great deal Neonaticide is the killing of a newborn within the first 24 hours of life Parricide ( Latin "parricida" killer of a close relative stemming from ( Latin "parri" alike or equal and "-cida" -cide or killer Patricide is (i the act of killing one's father or (ii a person who kills his or her father The broad definition of regicide is the deliberate killing of a Monarch, or the person responsible for it Sororicide (from Latin soror "sister" + -cide, from caedere "to cut to kill" is the act of killing one's own sister Tyrannicide literally means the killing of a Tyrant. Typically the term is taken to mean the killing or Assassination of tyrants for the common good Uxoricide (from Latin uxor meaning "wife" is murder of one's wife An For the American death metal band see Deicide (band Deicide is the killing of a god either the God of a monotheistic religion Feticide or foeticide is an act that causes the death of a fetus Assassins have been hired for many different jobs, but casual society rarely sees contract killings being carried out. AssassiNation is the sixth album by Krisiun, released in 2006 on Century Media. Usually such a contract involves a crime syndicate hiring a professional killer, termed a hit man. "Crime syndicate" redirects here For the DC Comics group of villains see Crime Syndicate. However, governments and individuals also issue contracts to kill, though it is a part of some major organizations that is kept quiet. It also should be noted that an executioner has nothing to do with the concept of contract killing, even though an executioner is indeed paid to kill people. For other meanings of the term see Executioner (disambiguation.
In most countries with judicial systems, a contract to kill a person is unenforceable by law (in the sense that the customer cannot sue for specific performance and the contract killer cannot sue for his or her pay). In Law, the judiciary or judicial system is the system of Courts which administer Justice in the name of the sovereign or State A contract is an exchange of promises between two or more parties to do or refrain from doing an act which is enforceable in a court of law Law is a system of rules enforced through a set of Institutions used as an instrument to underpin civil obedience politics economics and society In the law of Remedy, an order of specific performance is an order of the court which requires a party to perform a specific act usually what is stated in a contract
Both the actual killer or hitman or hitwoman and his or her customer can be found guilty of homicide. List of countries by homicide rate Homicide ( Latin homicidium, homo human being + caedere to cut kill refers to the act of killing another In some jurisdictions with capital punishment, a contract killing may be a special circumstance that allows for a murder to be tried as a capital crime. Capital punishment, the death penalty or execution, is the Killing of a person by judicial process as Punishment.
Contract killing appeals to some people partially because it can be used to establish an "airtight" alibi for the person who takes out the contract--at the time of the killing, this person can plan to be far away and in a place where many people will see him or her. An alibi is the Plea or mode of defense under which a person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove that the person was in another place when the alleged At the same time, the person who actually commits the murder may have little or no direct connection to the victim, making it much more difficult for investigators to establish what has happened. By contracting out a murder, a criminal can also avoid personally committing murder, which some may be unwilling or incapable of doing, especially if they had a close relationship with the victim.
Contract killings are often, though not always, associated with organized crime, primarily because career criminals are likely to know contract killers and to believe that contracting a murder will lessen the likelihood of being caught. "Crime syndicate" redirects here For the DC Comics group of villains see Crime Syndicate. Depending on the region and era, contract killers have frequently been used to silence witnesses testifying against criminals or to eliminate rival criminals or politicians who refuse to take a bribe (plata o plomo - a Spanish phrase meaning literally "silver or lead" which usually translates into "money or bullet" — "accept a bribe or face assassination"). The use of anonymous contract killers also mitigates against the formation and continuation of vendettas, which would undermine a criminal organization. A feud (ˈfjuːd (referred to in more extreme cases as a blood feud or vendetta) is a long-running argument or fight between parties&mdashoften through Guilt An example of this was the use of Murder, Inc. by the Mafia Commission and National Crime Syndicate in the mid-20th century. Murder Inc, Murder Incorporated or Brownsville Boys was the name given by the press for an Organized crime group in the 1920s to 1940s that carried The Commission is the governing body of the Mafia in the United States. The National Crime Syndicate was the name given by the press to a loosely-organized multi-ethnic Organized crime Syndicate, started in the 1930s by Charlie
Others contract a murder in an attempt to reap some kind of financial windfall--usually as a beneficiary of the victim's insurance policies, or as heir to their estate. However, the most common motive usually involves simply ending an intimate relationship, albeit for a variety of reasons. [1]
Contract killers may make their crime an obvious murder, but may also try to make the death appear to be a suicide or even an accident, or may hide or destroy the body so that it is not clear to authorities that the victim is dead, only that they have disappeared.
Payment for the actual killing (usually referred to as a "hit"), is usually divided by paying part of the total price to the contract killer beforehand, and the remainder after the successful completion of the hit. This is usually done like a security bond or deposit, ensuring for the hit man or hit woman, that they will receive some portion of the pay should the client refuse to pay him or her or other issues arise and client cannot pay the full amount after the killing has been completed, and also to establish a binding relationship between the client and the hit man or hit woman, a relationship ultimately enforceable by murder. Another common arrangement is a reciprocal exchange or barter of contracts, in which two or more parties each agree to kill individuals wanted dead by the other person. In such an arrangement, suspicion is kept from the contracting party for each hit, who will usually have an alibi, as each killing is carried out by persons not known to be connected to the victim.
The actual amount for a particular hit will obviously vary considerably based on such factors as these:
- the hit man or hit woman in particular and his or her standards and usual fee,
- the difficulty and danger in accomplishing the actual "hit," based upon
- who the person to be killed is,
- where they are, and
- any likely police, security and media attention, and also specifically
- whether the client wants the target to be killed in a specific manner (for example, to make the killing appear to be an accident, a suicide, or by natural causes. Such as a car accident, a self-hanging, or a heart attack).
Though figures reported in the media and in criminological studies suggest the usual fee is in the tens of thousands of dollars, this amount is obviously difficult to verify.
In some countries law enforcement agents will sometimes pose as contract killers to arrest the people trying to hire them. [2]
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Scams
Appearing in e-mails around December 2006 were scams claiming to be hitmen hired to kill the recipient if they did not comply with the ransom. Electronic mail, often abbreviated to e-mail, email, or originally eMail, is a Store-and-forward method of writing sending receiving The con artists would even place the recipients personal information if any questions were asked. A new twist in January 2007 claimed to be the FBI in London and that they had apprehended the hitman from the e-mails, and to forward information to them. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. [3]
In Popular Culture
In the popular video game series Hitman, you play a genetically modified assassin named Agent 47. The stories of all of the games in the series revolve around contract killing.
In Thomas Steadman's Flames of the West hitmen are featured heavily, often being portrayed as German, Cuban, Russian or Korean.
Statistics
A study by the Australian Institute of Criminology of 162 attempted or actual contract murders in Australia from 1989 to 2002 showed that the most common reason for murder for hire was "in relation to the dissolution of an intimate relationship". The Australian Institute of Criminology is an Australian Government -operated research institute into crime and Criminology. The study also found that the average payment for a "hit" was A$12,700 and the most commonly used weapons were firearms. The Australian dollar ( sign: $; code: AUD) is the Currency of the Commonwealth of Australia, including Christmas Contract killings accounted for 2% of murders in Australia during that time period. [4] Contract killings make up a relatively similar percentage of all killings elsewhere. For example, they made up about 5% of all murders in Scotland from 1993 to 2002. [5]
See also
References
- ^ CNN.com - Lovers top contract killing hit list - Feb. 5, 2004
- ^ Businessman wanted killer to spare him divorce bill - Crime, UK - Independent.co.uk
- ^ Federal Bureau of Investigation - Press Room - Headline Archives
- ^ CNN.com - Lovers top contract killing hit list - Feb. 5, 2004
- ^ http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2003/11/18570/29572
External links
AssassiNation is the sixth album by Krisiun, released in 2006 on Century Media. An assassination market is a Prediction market or Dead pool where any party can place a bet (using anonymous Electronic money, and Pseudonymous remailers Murder Inc, Murder Incorporated or Brownsville Boys was the name given by the press for an Organized crime group in the 1920s to 1940s that carried Hit Man A Technical Manual for Independent Contractors is a book written under the Pseudonym Rex Feral and published by Paladin Press in 1983Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic