The Constituent Assembly of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს დამფუძნებელი კრება, sak’art’velos damp’udznebeli kreba) was a national legislature of the Democratic Republic of Georgia which was elected in February 1919 to ratify the Act of Independence of Georgia and enact the Constitution of 1921. Georgian (ka ქართული ენა kartuli ena) is the Official language of Georgia, a country in the Caucasus. The Democratic Republic of Georgia ( DRG; Georgian: საქართველოს დემოკრატიული რესპუბლიკა Sakartvelos The Constitution of Georgia is the supreme law of Georgia (country which is based on the first constitution adopted during the Democratic Republic of Georgia 1918–1921 The assembly remained active until the Soviet Russian military intervention brought Georgia’s three-year independence to an end in March 1921. The Red Army invasion of Georgia also known as the Soviet-Georgian War ( February 15 – March 17 1921) was a military campaign by the Soviet

Contents 1 Election 2 Legislation 3 References 4 External links

Election

After the Russian Revolution of 1917, Georgia seceded from Russia first as a part of the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic on April 9, 1918, and then as its own sovereign republic on May 26, 1918, the day when the Georgian National Council anonymously adopted the Act of Independence of Georgia. See also Russian Revolution (1905 The Russian Revolution of 1916 refers to a series of popular revolutions in Russia, and the events surrounding them Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic (TDFR Закавказская демократическая Федеративная Республика (ЗКДФР Zakavkazskaya Events 193 - Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans) Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Democratic Republic of Georgia ( DRG; Georgian: საქართველოს დემოკრატიული რესპუბლიკა Sakartvelos Events 451 - The Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sassanid Empire takes place Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common

The Constituent Assembly was elected in the free and direct nationwide elections held from February 14 to 17 1919, to ratify the Act of Independence and adopt the republic’s constitution. Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The elections were contested by 15 political parties and the results were a triumph for the Social-Democratic Party (Mensheviks) and its leader, Noe Zhordania. The Social Democratic Party of Georgia was a leading political party in pre- Soviet Georgia The Mensheviks (Minority (Меньшевик) were a faction of the Russian Revolutionary movement that emerged in 1903 after a dispute between Vladimir Noe Zhordania (ნოე ჟორდანია also transliterated as Jordania) ( January 2, 1868 – January 11, 1953) was a Of the 130 seats in the Assembly, they obtained 109; the National Democratic Party of Georgia (NDP) took 8 seats, the Social-Federalists (SFs) – 8 and the Socialist-Revolutionary Party (SRs) – 5, forming the corresponding four factions and the two additional factions, those of the National Party and of the Dashnaktsutiun. The Armenian Revolutionary Federation ( ARF or ՀՅԴ) (Հայ Յեղափոխական Դաշնակցութիւն — Hay Heghapokhakan Dashnaktsutiun On March 21, 1919, the Assembly elected Noe Zhordania head of government, and he formed a new cabinet. Events 630 - Byzantine emperor Heraclius restores the True Cross to Jerusalem. Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common ^[1]

Legislation

During its two-year history, the Assembly adopted 126 laws, notably on citizenship, local elections, the country's defense, agriculture, legal system, political and administrative arrangements for ethnic minorities, a national system of public education, and some other laws and regulations on fiscal/monetary policy, the Georgian railways, trade and domestic production, etc. ^[2] In July 1919, the Assembly set up a Senate whose members were to be elected by the nation’s legislative body to "supervise the observance and defense of laws and to ensure strict adherence to them by all organizations, persons, and local government organs. A senate is a Deliberative body, often the Upper house or chamber of a Legislature or Parliament. " The Senate was essentially an appellate court but also had the power to revoke any government decision contrary to law and to deal with complaints against courts. ^[3]

Preoccupied with uneasy foreign relations and domestic problems in the years of the Russian Civil War, the Georgian government was not able to fully implement in practice the progressive program laid out in the legislation. The Russian Civil War (1917–1923 was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed By early 1921, the Constituent Assembly had drafted Georgia’s first constitution, which was adopted already in the wake of the invasion by Soviet troops on February 21, 1921, when the battle was raging at the outskirts of Tbilisi, capital of Georgia. The Constitution of Georgia is the supreme law of Georgia (country which is based on the first constitution adopted during the Democratic Republic of Georgia 1918–1921 The Red Army invasion of Georgia also known as the Soviet-Georgian War ( February 15 – March 17 1921) was a military campaign by the Soviet Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar Tbilisi (ˌtbiˈliːsi in Georgian: თბილისი is the capital and the largest city of the Republic of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Mt'k'vari ^[3] On February 25, the Constituent Assembly evacuated Tbilisi first for Kutaisi, and finally for Batumi where it held its last meeting on March 21, 1921, ordering the government of the republic to leave the country. Kutaisi (ქუთაისი ancient names Aea / Aia, Kutatisi, Kutaïssi) is Georgia 's second largest city and the capital of the Batumi (ბათუმი formerly Batum or Batoum) is a seaside city on the Black Sea coast and Capital of Adjara, an Autonomous Events 630 - Byzantine emperor Heraclius restores the True Cross to Jerusalem. Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar On March 24, 1921, the Revolutionary committee of Georgia – a provisional administration set up by the victorious Bolsheviks – declared the Assembly dissolved. Events 1401 - Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus. 1603 - James VI of Scotland Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar Revolutionary committees or revkoms (Революционный комитет ревком were Bolshevik -led organizations in Soviet Russia and in areas

References

External links

• (Georgian) Collection of legal acts adopted by the Constituent Assembly of Georgia, 1919-21. Regional Research Center.

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