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Not to be confused with concept art. Concept art is a form of Illustration where the main goal is to convey a visual representation of a design idea and/or mood for use in Movies, Video games
Joseph Kosuth, One and Three Chairs (1965)
Joseph Kosuth, One and Three Chairs (1965)

Conceptual art is art in which the concept(s) or idea(s) involved in the work take precedence over traditional aesthetic and material concerns. Joseph Kosuth (born January 31, 1945 Toledo Ohio) is an influential American Conceptual artist Life and work Kosuth One and Three Chairs, 1965 is a work by Joseph Kosuth. The piece consists of a Chair, a photograph of this chair and an enlarged dictionary definition Art refers to a diverse range of Human activities creations and expressions that are appealing to the Senses or Emotions of a human individual The term "concept" is traced back to 1554–60 ( l conceptum - something conceived but what is today termed "the classical theory of concepts" is the theory of Aristotle An idea is a form (such as a Thought) formed by Consciousness (including Mind) through the Process of ideation. Aesthetics or esthetics ( also spelled æsthetics) is commonly known as the study of sensory or sensori-emotional values sometimes called Many of the works of the artist Sol LeWitt may be constructed by anyone simply by following a set of written instructions. Sol LeWitt ( September 9, 1928 - April 8, 2007) was [1] This method was fundamental to LeWitt's definition of Conceptual art, one of the first to appear in print:

“ In conceptual art the idea or concept is the most important aspect of the work. When an artist uses a conceptual form of art, it means that all of the planning and decisions are made beforehand and the execution is a perfunctory affair. The idea becomes a machine that makes the art. – Sol LeWitt, "Paragraphs on Conceptual Art", Artforum, June 1967. Sol LeWitt ( September 9, 1928 - April 8, 2007) was ”

For the layperson, this quotation highlights a key difference between a conceptualist installation and a traditional work of art - that the conceptualist's work may require little or no physical craftsmanship in its execution, whereas traditional art is distinguished by requiring physical skill and the making of aesthetic choices. As Tony Godfrey has put it, after Joseph Kosuth's definition of art, conceptual art is an art which questions the very nature of what is understood as art.

The inception of the term in the 1960s referred to a strict and focused practice of idea-based art that often defied traditional visual criteria associated with the visual arts in its presentation as text. However, through its association with the Young British Artists and the Turner Prize during the 1990s, its popular usage, particularly in the UK, developed as a synonym for all contemporary art that does not practise the traditional skills of painting and sculpture. Young British Artists or YBAs (also The Turner Prize, named after the painter JMW Turner, is an annual prize presented to a British visual Artist under 50 The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Contemporary art can be defined variously as art produced at this present point in time or art produced since World War II. Painting (pān'tīng in Art, is the practice of applying Color to a Surface (support base such as e [2] To clarify this popular confusion, it might be said that one of the reasons why the term conceptual art has come to be associated with various contemporary practices far removed from the aims and formal properties it was originally intended to define might be understood as a problem in defining the term itself. As the artist Mel Bochner suggested as early as 1970, in explaining why he does not like the epithet "conceptual", it is not always entirely clear what "concept" ultimately refers to, and it runs the risk of being confused with "intention. Mel Bochner (born 1940 is an American Conceptual artist Mr Bochner received his BFA in 1962 and honorary Doctor of Fine Arts in 2005 from the " Thus, in describing or defining a work of art as conceptual it is important not to confuse what is referred to as "conceptual" with an artist's "intention. "

Contents

History

Fountain by Marcel Duchamp, 1917, photograph by Alfred Stieglitz
Fountain by Marcel Duchamp, 1917, photograph by Alfred Stieglitz

The French artist Marcel Duchamp paved the way for the conceptualists, providing them with examples of prototypically conceptual works -- the readymades, for instance. Fountain is a 1917 work by Marcel Duchamp. It is one of the pieces which he called readymades (also known as Found art Marcel Duchamp (maʀsɛl dyˈʃɑ̃ (28 July 1887 &ndash 2 October 1968 was a French artist whose work is most often associated with the Dadaist and Surrealist Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Alfred Stieglitz (January 1 1864 &ndash July 13 1946 was an American photographer who was instrumental over his fifty-year career in making Photography an acceptable Marcel Duchamp (maʀsɛl dyˈʃɑ̃ (28 July 1887 &ndash 2 October 1968 was a French artist whose work is most often associated with the Dadaist and Surrealist The term found art &mdashmore commonly found object (objet trouvé or readymade &mdashdescribes Art created from the undisguised but often modified The most famous of Duchamp's readymades was Fountain (1917), a standard urinal basin signed by the artist with the pseudonym "R. Fountain is a 1917 work by Marcel Duchamp. It is one of the pieces which he called readymades (also known as Found art Mutt", and submitted for inclusion in the annual, un-juried exhibition of the Society of Independent Artists in New York--it was rejected. [3] In traditional terms, a commonplace object such as a urinal cannot be said to be art because it is not made by an artist or with any intention of being art, it is not unique, and it possesses few of the expected visual properties of the traditional, hand-crafted art object. Duchamp's relevance and theoretical importance for future "conceptualists" was later acknowledged by US artist Joseph Kosuth in his 1969 essay, "Art after Philosophy," when he wrote: "All art (after Duchamp) is conceptual (in nature) because art only exists conceptually. Joseph Kosuth (born January 31, 1945 Toledo Ohio) is an influential American Conceptual artist Life and work Kosuth "

Conceptual art emerged as a movement during the 1960s. In part, it was a reaction against formalism as it was then articulated by the influential New York art critic Clement Greenberg. In art theory, formalism is the concept that a work 's artistic value is entirely determined by its Form --the way it is made its purely visual New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Clement Greenberg ( January 16, 1909 - May 7, 1994) was an influential American In 1961 the term "concept art," coined by the artist Henry Flynt in his article bearing the term as its title, appeared in a Fluxus publication. Henry Flynt (born 1940 in Greensboro, North Carolina) is a Philosopher, avant-garde musician Anti-art activist and exhibited artist often associated Fluxus —a name taken from a Latin word meaning "to flow"—is an international network of artists composers and designers noted for blending different artistic media [4] However it assumed a different meaning when employed by Joseph Kosuth and the English Art and Language group, who discarded the conventional art object in favour of a documented critical inquiry into the artist's social, philosophical and psychological status. Joseph Kosuth (born January 31, 1945 Toledo Ohio) is an influential American Conceptual artist Life and work Kosuth Art & Language is a shifting collaboration among Conceptual artists that has undergone many changes since its inception in the late 1960s By the mid-1970s they had produced publications, indexes, performances, texts and paintings to this end. In 1970 Conceptual Art and Conceptual Aspects, the first dedicated conceptual art exhibition, was mounted at the New York Cultural Center. [5]

Conceptual art also reacted against the commodification of art; it attempted a subversion of the gallery or museum as the location and determiner of art, and the art market as the owner and distributor of art. Commodification (or commoditization) is the transformation of goods and services (or things that may not normally be regarded as goods or services into a Commodity Lawrence Weiner said: "Once you know about a work of mine you own it. Lawrence Weiner (born in the Bronx, New York, February 10, 1942) is a central figure of Conceptual art, whose work often takes There's no way I can climb inside somebody's head and remove it. " Many conceptual artists' work can therefore only be known about through documentation which is manifested by it, e. g. photographs, written texts or displayed objects, which some might argue are not in themselves the art. It is sometimes (as in the work of Robert Barry, Yoko Ono, and Weiner himself) reduced to a set of written instructions describing a work, but stopping short of actually making it—emphasising that the idea is more important than the artifact. Robert Barry may refer to Robert L Barry, US diplomat Robert R born in Tokyo on February 18 1933 is a Japanese Artist and Musician.

The first wave of the "conceptual art" movement extended from approximately 1967 to 1978. Early "concept" artists like Henry Flynt, Robert Morris, Adrian Piper, and Ray Johnson influenced the later, widely-accepted movement of conceptual artists like Dan Graham, Hans Haacke, and Douglas Huebler. Henry Flynt (born 1940 in Greensboro, North Carolina) is a Philosopher, avant-garde musician Anti-art activist and exhibited artist often associated Robert Morris (b February 9, 1931 Kansas City Missouri) is an American sculptor conceptual artist and writer Adrian Margaret Smith Piper (born September 20, 1948) is a first-generation Conceptual artist who began exhibiting her work internationally at the age Ray Edward Johnson (1927- 1995 was a seminal figure of the Pop Art movement Dan Graham (1942 Urbana Illinois is a conceptual artist now working out of New York City. Hans Haacke (born 1936 in Cologne, Germany) is a German American Conceptual artist who lives and works in New York Douglas Huebler ( October 27, 1924 &ndash July 12, 1997) was an American conceptual artist.

The Young British Artists (YBAs), led by Damien Hirst, came to prominence in the 1990s and their work is seen as conceptual, even though it relies very heavily on the art object to make its impact. Young British Artists or YBAs (also Damien Hirst (born 7 June 1965 is an English artist and the most prominent of the group that has been dubbed " Young British Artists " (or YBAs The term is used in relation to them on the basis that the object is not the artwork, or is often a found object, which has not needed artistic skill in its production. The term found art &mdashmore commonly found object (objet trouvé or readymade &mdashdescribes Art created from the undisguised but often modified Tracey Emin is seen as a leading YBA and a conceptual artist, even though she has denied that she is and has emphasised personal emotional expression. Tracey Emin RA (born 3 July, 1963) is an English Artist of Turkish Cypriot origin one of the group known as Britartists

Many of the concerns of the "conceptual art" movement have been taken up by many contemporary artists since the initial wave of conceptual artists. While many of these artists may not term themselves "conceptual artists", ideas such as anti-commodification, social and/or political critique, and ideas/information as medium continue to be aspects of contemporary art, especially among artists working with installation art, performance art, net.art and electronic/digital art. Installation art uses sculptural materials and other media to modify the way a particular space is experienced This article is about Performance art For other uses see Performance (disambiguation netart has two definitions netart is a group of artists who worked in internet art from 1994. Electronic art is a form of art that makes use of Electronic media or more broadly refers to Technology and/or Electronic media Digital art most commonly refers to Art created on a Computer in Digital form Many critics and artists may speak of conceptual aspects of a given artist or art work, reflecting the enduring influence that many of the original conceptual artists have had on the art world.

Examples of conceptual art

Joseph Kosuth dates the concept of One and Three Chairs in the year 1965. Joseph Kosuth (born January 31, 1945 Toledo Ohio) is an influential American Conceptual artist Life and work Kosuth One and Three Chairs, 1965 is a work by Joseph Kosuth. The piece consists of a Chair, a photograph of this chair and an enlarged dictionary definition The presentation of the work consists of a chair, its photo and a blow up of a definition of the word "chair". Kosuth has chosen the definition from a dictionary. Four versions with different definitions are known.

The first issue of "Art-Langague" is published in May. It is subtitled as "The Journal of conceptual art" and edited by Terry Atkinson, David Bainbridge, Michael Baldwin and Harold Hurrell. The editors are English members of the artists group Art & Language. Art & Language is a shifting collaboration among Conceptual artists that has undergone many changes since its inception in the late 1960s The English journal "Studio International" published Joseph Kosuth´s article "Art after Philosophy" in three parts (October-December). Joseph Kosuth (born January 31, 1945 Toledo Ohio) is an influential American Conceptual artist Life and work Kosuth It became the most discussed article on "Conceptual Art".

Controversy in the UK

In Britain, the rise to prominence of the Young British Artists (YBAs) after the 1988 Freeze show, curated by Damien Hirst, and subsequent promotion of the group by the Saatchi Gallery during the 1990s, generated a media backlash, where the phrase "conceptual art" came to be a term of derision applied to much contemporary art. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Young British Artists or YBAs (also Freeze was the title of an Art exhibition organised by Damien Hirst with other students from Goldsmiths College. The Saatchi Gallery is a London gallery for Contemporary art, opened by Charles Saatchi in 1985 in order to show his sizeable (and changing Contemporary art can be defined variously as art produced at this present point in time or art produced since World War II. This was amplified by the Turner Prize whose more extreme nominees (most notably Hirst and Emin) caused a controversy annually. The Turner Prize, named after the painter JMW Turner, is an annual prize presented to a British visual Artist under 50 [2]

Stuckist artists leave a coffin, marked "The death of conceptual art", outside the White Cube gallery in Shoreditch, July 25, 2002.
Stuckist artists leave a coffin, marked "The death of conceptual art", outside the White Cube gallery in Shoreditch, July 25, 2002. White Cube is one of the most prominent contemporary commercial art galleries in the world Shoreditch is an area of London within the London Borough of Hackney. Events 285 - Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar.

The Stuckist group of artists, founded in 1999, proclaimed themselves "pro-contemporary figurative painting with ideas and anti-conceptual art, mainly because of its lack of concepts. Stuckism is an Art movement that was founded in 1999 in Britain by Billy Childish and Charles Thomson to promote figurative painting " They also called it pretentious, "unremarkable and boring" and on July 25, 2002 deposited a coffin outside the White Cube gallery, marked "The Death of Conceptual Art". Events 285 - Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. White Cube is one of the most prominent contemporary commercial art galleries in the world [8][9] They staged yearly demonstrations outside the Turner Prize. Stuckist demonstrations since 2000 have been a key part of the Stuckist art group's activities and have succeeded in giving them a high profile both in Britain and The Turner Prize, named after the painter JMW Turner, is an annual prize presented to a British visual Artist under 50

In 2002, Ivan Massow, the Chairman of the Institute of Contemporary Arts branded conceptual art "pretentious, self-indulgent, craftless tat" and in "danger of disappearing up its own arse . Ivan Massow (born 1967 is an entrepreneur and British Businessman once chairman of London 's Institute of Contemporary Arts and now a Film Director Producer The Institute of Contemporary Arts (ICA is a Modern art centre on The Mall in London, England. . . led by cultural tsars such as the Tate's Sir Nicholas Serota. Tate is the United Kingdom 's national museum of British and Modern Art and is a network of four art galleries in England: Tate Britain (opened in Sir Nicholas Andrew Serota (born 27 April 1946) is a British art Curator. "[10] Massow was consequently forced to resign. At the end of the year, the Culture Minister, Kim Howells (an art school graduate) denounced the Turner Prize as "cold, mechanical, conceptual bullshit". Dr Kim Scott Howells (born 27 November 1946 in Merthyr Tydfil, Wales) is a Labour and Member of Parliament for Pontypridd [11]

In October 2004 the Saatchi Gallery told the media that "painting continues to be the most relevant and vital way that artists choose to communicate. The Saatchi Gallery is a London gallery for Contemporary art, opened by Charles Saatchi in 1985 in order to show his sizeable (and changing "[12] Following this statement Charles Saatchi began to sell prominent works from his YBA collection. Charles Saatchi (born June 9, 1943) ( Arabic: تشارلز ساعاتجي) was the co-founder with his brother Maurice of the global

Notable conceptual artists

Further reading

Books:

Exhibit catalogues:

See also

Individual works

References

  1. ^ Facsimile of original instructions for Wall Drawing 811 by Phil Gleason, with a view of the installed work at Franklin Furnace. October 1996.
  2. ^ a b Turner prize history: Conceptual art Tate gallery tate. Contemporary art can be defined variously as art produced at this present point in time or art produced since World War II. Danger Music is an experimental form of Avant-garde 20th and 21st century classical music Postmodern art is a term used to describe art which is thought to be in contradiction to some aspect of Modernism, or to have emerged or developed in its aftermath The term found art &mdashmore commonly found object (objet trouvé or readymade &mdashdescribes Art created from the undisguised but often modified Installation art uses sculptural materials and other media to modify the way a particular space is experienced History of Modern art Roots in the 19th century Although modern Sculpture and Architecture are reckoned to have emerged at the end of the nineteenth Video art is a type of Art which relies on Moving pictures and is comprised of Video and/or audio data The visual arts are art forms that focus on the creation of works which are primarily Visual in nature such as Painting, Photography Art historians and philosophers of art have long had classificatory disputes about art regarding whether a particular cultural form or piece of work should be classified Internet art (often called net art) is Art or cultural production which uses the Internet as its primary medium or inspiration (but not necessarily as its Information art (or 'informatism') is an emerging field of Electronic art that synthesizes Computer science, Information technology, and more classical Conceptual architecture is a term used to describe certain buildings and practices that make use of Conceptualism in architecture Neo-conceptual art describes art practices in the 1980s and particularly 1990s to date that derive from the Conceptual art movement of the 1960s and 1970s The Moscow Conceptualist, or Russian Conceptualist, movement began with the Sots art of Komar and Melamid in the early 1970s and continued as a trend in The Gutai group (also spelled Gutaï or Gutaj, but in every case pronounced to rhyme with "to tie" was an artistic movement and association of artists founded Systems art is Art influenced by Systems theory, which reflects on natural systems social systems and social signs of the Art world itself Fountain is a 1917 work by Marcel Duchamp. It is one of the pieces which he called readymades (also known as Found art The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors Even ( La mariée mise à nu par ses célibataires même) most often called The Large Glass, is an One and Three Chairs, 1965 is a work by Joseph Kosuth. The piece consists of a Chair, a photograph of this chair and an enlarged dictionary definition org. uk. Accessed August 8, 2006
  3. ^ Tony Godfrey, Conceptual Art, London: 1998. p. 28
  4. ^ The first text in which the category "concept art" appeared was written by Henry Flynt around 1961-1963.
  5. ^ artlex.com
  6. ^ BBC Online
  7. ^ The Times
  8. ^ stuckism.com
  9. ^ Cripps, Charlotte. "Visual arts: Saying knickers to Sir Nicholas, The Independent, 7 September 2004. The Independent is a British compact Newspaper published by Tony O'Reilly 's Independent News & Media. Events 1251 BC - A Solar eclipse on this date might mark the birth of legendary Heracles at Thebes Greece. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Retrieved from findarticles. com, 7 April 2008. Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
  10. ^ The Guardian
  11. ^ The Daily Telegraph
  12. ^ Reynolds, Nigel 2004 "Saatchi's latest shock for the art world is – painting" The Daily Telegraph 10 February 2004. Accessed April 15, 2006

External links

The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (SEP is a freely-accessible Online encyclopedia of Philosophy maintained by Stanford University.

Dictionary

conceptual art

-noun

  1. A genre of art in which the transmission of ideas is more important than the creation of an art object
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