| Historical sound change |
|---|
| General |
| Metathesis |
| Dissimilation |
| Fortition |
| Lenition (weakening) |
| Sonorization (voicing) |
| Spirantization (assibilation) |
| Rhotacism |
| Debuccalization (loss of place) |
| Elision (loss) |
| Apheresis (initial) |
| Syncope (medial) |
| Apocope (final) |
| Haplology (similar syllables) |
| Fusion |
| Cluster reduction |
| Compensatory lengthening |
| Epenthesis (addition) |
| Anaptyxis (vowel) |
| Excrescence (consonant) |
| Prosthesis (initial) |
| Paragoge (final) |
| Unpacking |
| Vowel breaking |
| Assimilation |
| Coarticulation |
| Palatalization (before front vowels) |
| Labialization (before rounded vowels) |
| Final devoicing (before silence) |
| Vowel harmony |
| Consonant harmony |
| Cheshirisation (trace remains) |
| Nasalization |
| Tonogenesis |
| Floating tone |
| Sandhi (boundary change) |
| Crasis (contraction) |
| Liaison, linking R |
| Consonant mutation |
| Tone sandhi |
| Hiatus |
Compensatory lengthening in phonology and historical linguistics is the lengthening of a vowel sound that happens upon the loss of a following consonant, usually in the syllable coda. Metathesis (məˈtæθəsɨs is a Sound change that alters the order of Phonemes in a Word. For the chemical term see Catabolism In Phonology, particularly within Historical linguistics, dissimilation is a phenomenon Fortition is a consonantal change from a 'weak' sound to a 'strong' one the opposite of the more common Lenition. Lenition is a kind of Consonant mutation that appears in many Languages Along with assimilation, it is one of the primary sources of historical change Lenition is a kind of Consonant mutation that appears in many Languages Along with assimilation, it is one of the primary sources of historical change Lenition is a kind of Consonant mutation that appears in many Languages Along with assimilation, it is one of the primary sources of historical change In Linguistics, assibilation is the term for a Sound change resulting in a Sibilant consonant Rhotacism may refer to several phenomena related to the usage of the Consonant R (whether as an Alveolar tap, Alveolar trill, or Lenition is a kind of Consonant mutation that appears in many Languages Along with assimilation, it is one of the primary sources of historical change Elision is the omission of one or more sounds (such as a Vowel, a Consonant, or a whole Syllable) in a word or phrase producing a result that is easier For other uses of the word syncope, see Syncope (disambiguation In Phonology, syncope ( Greek syn- + kopein Haplology is defined as the elimination of a Syllable when two consecutive identical or similar syllables occur In Phonetics and Historical linguistics, fusion is the merger of the features of two segment into one In Phonology and Historical linguistics, cluster reduction is the simplification of Consonant clusters in certain environments or over time In Phonology, epenthesis (/əˈpɛnθəsɪs/ Ancient Greek ἐπένθεσις - epenthesis from epi "on" + en "in" In Phonology, epenthesis (/əˈpɛnθəsɪs/ Ancient Greek ἐπένθεσις - epenthesis from epi "on" + en "in" In Phonology, epenthesis (/əˈpɛnθəsɪs/ Ancient Greek ἐπένθεσις - epenthesis from epi "on" + en "in" Prothesis in Linguistics (from Greek pro "before" + tithenai "to put" is the prepending of Phonemes at the beginning of a Paragoge is the addition of a sound to the end of a word Often this is due to Nativization, and a logical counterpart of Epenthesis, particularly vocalic epenthesis In Historical linguistics and Language contact, unpacking is the separation of the features of a segment into distinct segments In Historical linguistics, vowel breaking is the change of a Monophthong into a Diphthong or Triphthong. Assimilation is a common Phonological process by which the phonetics of a speech segment becomes more like that of another segment in a word (or at a word boundary Palatalization or palatalisation (ˌpælətəlɨˈzeɪʃən generally refers to two phenomena As a process or the result of a process "Lip rounding" redirects here See Roundedness for the lip rounding of vowels Final obstruent devoicing or terminal devoicing is a systematic phonological process occurring in languages such as German, Dutch, Polish Vowel harmony is a type of long-distance ( see below) assimilatory phonological process involving Vowels in some languages Consonant harmony is a type of "long-distance" phonological assimilation akin to the similar assimilatory process involving Vowels i James A Matisoff (born July 14, 1937) is a professor Emeritus of Linguistics at the University of California Berkeley and noted In Phonetics, nasalization is the production of a sound while the velum is lowered so that some air escapes through the nose during the production of the sound by Tone is the use of pitch in Language to distinguish lexical or grammatical meaning—that is to distinguish or inflect words A floating tone is a Morpheme or element of a morpheme that contains no Consonants no Vowels but only tone. Sandhi ( Sanskrit saṃdhi sa संधि "joining" is a cover term for a wide variety of phonological processes that occur at Morpheme Crasis (κρᾶσις is the contraction of a vowel or diphthong at the end of a word with a vowel or diphthong at the start of the following word In French, most written word-final Consonants are silent in most contexts Linking R and intrusive R are phonological phenomena that occur in many non- rhotic dialects of English. Consonant mutation is the phenomenon in which a Consonant in a word is changed according to its morphological and/or syntactic environment Tone sandhi is the change of tone that occurs in some languages when different tones come together in a word or phrase Hiatus (Latin "yawning" (haɪˈeɪtəs in Linguistics is the separate pronunciation of two adjacent Vowels sometimes with an intervening Glottal stop Phonology ( Greek φωνή (phōnē voice sound + λόγος (lógos word speech subject of discussion is the systematic use of sound to encode meaning Historical linguistics (also called diachronic linguistics) is the study of language change In Phonetics, a vowel is a Sound in spoken Language, such as English ah! or oh!, pronounced with an open Vocal tract In Articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a Speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the upper Vocal tract, the upper vocal In Phonology, a syllable coda comprises the Consonant sounds of a Syllable that follow the nucleus, which is usually a Vowel This may be considered an extreme form of fusion. In Phonetics and Historical linguistics, fusion is the merger of the features of two segment into one
An example from the history of English is the lengthening of vowels that happened when the voiceless palatal fricative /ç/ and its allophone [x] were lost. English is a West Germanic language which originated from the Anglo-Frisian Dialects brought to Britain by Germanic settlers The voiceless palatal fricative is a type of Consonantal sound used in some spoken Languages The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet In Phonetics, an allophone is one of several similar speech sounds ( Phones that belong to the same Phoneme. For example, in Chaucer's time the word night was pronounced /niçt/; later the /ç/ was lost, but the /i/ was lengthened to /iː/ to compensate. Geoffrey Chaucer (c 1343 – 25 October 1400? was an English author poet Philosopher, bureaucrat, courtier and Diplomat. (Later the /iː/ became /aɪ/ by the Great Vowel Shift. The Great Vowel Shift was a major change in the Pronunciation of the English language that took place in the south of England between 1200 and )
Both the Germanic spirant law and the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law show vowel lengthening compensating for the loss of a nasal. In Linguistics, the Germanic spirant law or Primärberührung is a specific historical instance of assimilation which occurred at an early stage in the In Historical linguistics, the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law (also called the Anglo-Frisian or North Sea Germanic nasal spirant law) is a description
Non-rhotic forms of English have a lengthened vowel before a historical post-vocalic */r/: in Scottish English, girl has a short /i/ followed by a light alveolar /r/, as presumably it did in Middle English; in Southern British English, the */r/ has dropped out of the spoken form and the vowel has become a "long schwa".
Compensatory lengthening may also occur with consonant cluster reduction. In Phonology and Historical linguistics, cluster reduction is the simplification of Consonant clusters in certain environments or over time For example, in Italian Victoria has become Vittoria [vitːoria]. Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy.
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic