Communist Unity Movement of the Netherlands (marxist-leninist) (in Dutch: Kommunistiese Eenheidsbeweging Nederland (marxisties-leninisties)) was a communist organization in the Netherlands. Dutch ( is a West Germanic language spoken by around 24 million people 22 million of which are from the Netherlands, Belgium and Suriname The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands
The organization started as a pro-China leftist fraction within the Communist Party of the Netherlands in 1964. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The Communist Party of the Netherlands ( Dutch: Communistische Partij Nederland, CPN was a Dutch communist Political party. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. It that time it called itself Marxist-Leninist Centre (Marxistisch-Leninistisch Centrum), and it was based in the Section 33 in Blijdorp, Rotterdam. Rotterdam (pronounced) is the 2nd-largest City by population in the Netherlands, located in the province of Leading figures (in an organization of only a handful of members) were Nico Schrevel and Daan Monjé. MLC started publishing the magazine Spartacus. Before the 21st CPN party congress MLC published the appeal 'For the Unity of the Communist Movement'. In the end of 1964 the CPN leadership expelled Schrevel and Monjé.
At this time MLC was one of two pro-Chinese factions expelled from the CPN. The other was assembled around the periodical Rode Vlag. League of Dutch Marxist-Leninists (in Dutch: Bond van Nederlandse Marxisten-Leninisten) was a communist organisation in the Netherlands. Plans of a merger were however stalled, as the Rode Vlag-group maintained that it was still possible to convert CPN into a revolutionary party.
In March 1965 MLC changed its name to the Marxist-Leninist Centre of the Netherlands (Marxistisch Leninistisch Centrum Nederland). Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. The name of Spartacus was changed to Rode Tribune, possibly since the name Spartacus was seen to have Trotskyist connotations. Trotskyism is the theory of Marxism as advocated by Leon Trotsky. By this time the group had attracted a few more members, including some individuals from northern Holland. One of the new recruits was Pieter Boevé, an BVD agent. For the Dutch security service see General Intelligence and Security Service. Boevé became the international secretary of MLCN. His double play was however discovered, and he was expelled. Later he set up his own League of Marxist-Leninists in the Netherlands. Marxist-Leninist Party of the Netherlands (in Dutch: Marxistisch-Leninistische Partij Nederland, MLPN was a fake pro- China communist party in the
In 1966 MLCN launched a youth wing, the Young Communist League. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Young Communist League (in Dutch: Kommunistische Jeugd Liga) was a youth organization founded in 1966. It didn't last however.
In January 1970 the name of MLCN was changed to KEN(ml). Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. By this time the organization had grown, and started attracting radical students. Many of the people who joined KEN(ml) came from the Pacifist Socialist Party and its youth wing. The Pacifist Socialist Party (in Dutch Pacifistisch Socialistische Partij, PSP was a Dutch left-socialist Political party. Pacifist Socialist Young Working Groups (in Dutch: Pacifistisch Socialistische Jongeren Werkgroepen) was the youth wing of the Pacifist Socialist Party Membership estimates vary from 200 to 300. KEN(ml) formed a youth wing, Marxist-Leninist Youth, and a students wing, Marxist-Leninist Students League. Marxist-Leninist Youth (in Dutch: Marxistisch-Leninistische Jeugd) was the youth wing of the Communist Unity Movement of the Netherlands (marxist-leninist Marxist-Leninist Students League (in Dutch: Marxistisch-Leninistische Studentenbond) was the students wing of the Communist Unity Movement of the Netherlands Nico Schrevel was the national political secretary of KEN(ml).
KEN(ml) also organized its own National Vietnam Committee (Landelijk Vietnam Komitee). Other KEN(ml) fronts were the League of Tenants and House-seekers (Bond van Huurders en Woningzoekenden, BHW) and Workers Power (Arbeidersmacht). KEN(ml) played a somewhat important role during the 1970 Rotterdam port strike through Arbeidersmacht, even though the KEN(ml) membership only had very few workers. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
In the summer of 1971, the Red Youth branches of Nijmegen and Rotterdam crossed over to KEN(ml). Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Red Youth (in Dutch: Rode Jeugd) was a revolutionary organization in the Netherlands. Nijmegen (ˈnɛɪmeɣən) (obsolete spellings Nijmwegen Nymegen Nieumeghen &mdash Nimwegen in local dialect and in German, Nimègue in French Rotterdam (pronounced) is the 2nd-largest City by population in the Netherlands, located in the province of
During the fall of 1971 KEN(ml) was riddled by internal strife. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. An issue dividing the organization was the role of intellectuals in the class struggle. An intellectual (from the adjective meaning "involving thought and reason" is a person who tries to use his or her Intelligence and analytical thinking, Class struggle is the active expression of Class conflict looked at from any kind of socialist perspective The majority lead by Monjé supported the line that the working class had to be the supreme force in the revolutionary struggle. They raised the slogan "From where will the correct ideas come? From practice or the study chamber?". The other group was centered around students at the Ekonomische Hogeschool in Tilburg. Tilburg ( is a Municipality and a City in the Netherlands, located in the southern province of Noord-Brabant. Their leader was Kees de Boer. In October the majority of the membership left to form the Communist Party of the Netherlands (marxist-leninist) (KPN(ml)) with Monjé as their leader. The Socialist Party ( SP, Dutch: Socialistische Partij) is a Dutch socialist Political party. KPN(ml) took with them BHW and Arbeidersmacht.
Tilburg students now moved to Rotterdam to reconstruct the organization. This would bring yet more dissent. The dominance of the Tilburg students provoked a section to leave KEN(ml) in March 1972 and form the Marxist-Leninist Rotterdam Group. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Similarly, a group of KEN(ml) cadres from Brabant who refused to move to the Rotterdam area on the orders of the KEN(ml) leadership broke away in August. North Brabant ( Dutch: Noord-Brabant,) is a province of the Netherlands, located in the south of the country bordered by Belgium They formed the Communist Circle of Breda (marxist-leninist). Communist Circle of Breda (marxist-leninist (in Dutch: Kommunisten Kring Breda (marxistisch-leninistisch) was a communist group in Breda, the Netherlands Veterans of the organization based in Rotterdam, Nico Schrevel and Gerrit Sterkman, also left the movement. By this time De Boer was the leader of KEN(ml).
After these events the remnants of KEN(ml) took a yet more sectarian turn. The cadres were directed to live in communes, were all aspects of daily life was under the control of the organization. Many members were expelled, accused of bourgeois deviations. In 1977 the different groups of expellees regrouped as the Group of Marxist-Leninists/Red Dawn. Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays Group of Marxist-Leninists/Red Dawn (in Dutch: Groep van Marxisten-Leninisten/Rode Morgen) is a Maoist group in the Netherlands.
In 1977 KEN(ml) registered itself for the parliamentary elections. Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays One of the issues raised by KEN(ml) in the electoral campaign was a discourse in support of unity of independent Western European countries against the imperialism of the two Superpowers. In the end KEN(ml) got 2722 votes.
One the same line of opposing the hegemony of two superpowers, KEN(ml) had organized a front organization called 'Movement for Freedom and Independence' (Beweging voor Vrijheid en Onafhankelijkheid), which saw NATO as a necessary instrument to defend Western Europe. The North Atlantic Treaty
KEN(ml) disbanded around 1985. Year 1985 ( MCMLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar)
Sources
- Mao in de polder by Wouter P. Beekers
- Archief Kommunistische Eenheidsbeweging Nederland (marxistisch-leninistisch)
- NRC Handelsblad: Kameraden onder elkaar
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic