 |
| Companies law |
|---|
| Company · Business |
| Sole proprietorship |
| Partnership (General · Limited · LLP) |
| Corporation |
| Cooperative |
| United States: |
| S corporation · C corporation LLC · LLLP · Series LLC Delaware corporation Nevada corporation Business trust |
| UK/Ireland/Commonwealth: |
| Limited company (By shares · By guarantee) (Public · Proprietary) Community interest company |
| European Union/EEA: |
| SE · SCE |
| Other countries: |
| AB · AG · ANS · A/S · AS · GmbH |
| K.K. · N.V. · OY · S.A. · Full list |
| Doctrines |
| Corporate governance |
| Limited liability · Ultra vires |
| Business judgment rule |
| Internal affairs doctrine |
| De facto corporation and corporation by estoppel |
| Piercing the corporate veil |
| Rochdale Principles |
| Related areas of law |
| Contract · Civil procedure |
Commercial law (sometimes known as business law) is the body of law which governs business and commerce. Companies law (or the law of business associations) is the field of Law concerning business and other organizations Generally a company is a form of Business organization. The precise definition varies A business (also called firm or an enterprise) is a legally recognized organizational entity designed to provide goods and/or services to A sole proprietorship, or simply proprietorship ( Benjamen Clark For partnership in cricket terminology see List of cricket terms A partnership is a type of Business entity in which partners In the commercial and legal parlance of most countries a general partnership or simply a Partnership, refers to an association of persons or an unincorporated A limited partnership is a form of Partnership similar to a General partnership, except that in addition to one or more general partners (GPs there are A limited liability partnership (abbreviated as LLP) has elements of Partnerships and Corporations. A corporation is a separate legal entity usually used to conduct business An S corporation or S-corp, for United States federal income tax purposes is a Corporation that makes a valid election to be taxed under Subchapter S of A C corporation (or C corp) is a Corporation in the United States that for Federal income tax purposes, is Taxed under and Subchapter C ( et A limited liability company (abbreviated LLC or LLC) in the law of the vast majority of the United States is a legal form of business Company The limited liability limited partnership (LLLP is a relatively new modification of the limited partnership a form of Business entity recognized under U A Series LLC is a special form of a Limited liability company that provides liability protection across multiple "series" each of which is theoretically protected A Nevada Corporation is a Corporation chartered under the Laws of the U A Massachusetts business trust or MBT is a legal trust set up for the purposes of business but not necessarily in the state of Massachusetts. A limited company in the United Kingdom is a Corporation whose liability is limited by law A private company limited by shares is a type of company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales, Scotland, that of certain Commonwealth countries In British or Irish Company law, a company limited by guarantee is an alternative type of Corporation used primarily for Non-profit A Public Limited Company ( PLC, plc or plc or p l c is a type of Limited company in the United Kingdom or the Republic of Ireland which is A proprietary company is a form of Corporation in Australia that is limited by Shares. A community interest company (CIC is a new type of company introduced by the United Kingdom government in 2005 under The Community Interest Act 2004, designed The European Economic Area ( EEA) came into being on 1 January 1994 following an agreement between member states of European Free Trade Association (EFTAthe The Council Regulation on the Statute for a European Company of the European Union was adopted October 8 2001. TemplateExpert and TemplateExpert-subject, has been modified to include two WikiProjects and Portals (Expert-subject is limited to Aktiebolag (literally " share Company " or " Stock Company " is the Swedish term for " Limited Aktiengesellschaft ('aktsiəngəzεlʃaft abbreviated AG) is a German term that refers to a Corporation that is limited by shares i An ansvarlig selskap is a Norwegian personal responsibility Company model mainly used in small-to-medium businesses which translates directly into "Responsible An Aktieselskab (abbreviated A/S) is the Danish name for a Stock -based Corporation. Aksjeselskap is the Norwegian term for a Stock -based Company. Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung ( GmbH) is a type of legal entity very common in Germany (where it was created in 1892 Austria nl '''''Naamloze Vennootschap''''' (usually abbreviated NV) is the Dutch term for a Public Limited liability Corporation. Osakeyhtiö, literally a " stock company " is the Finnish equivalent of a Limited company ( Ltd or LLC) or Gesellschaft For the art organization see Société Anonyme (art SA generally designates Corporations in various countries mostly those employing There are many types of business entity defined in the legal systems of various countries Corporate governance is the set of Processes customs Policies, laws and institutions affecting the way a Corporation is directed administered or controlled Limited liability is a concept whereby a person's financial Liability is limited to a fixed sum most commonly the value of a person's investment in a company or partnership Ultra vires is a Latin phrase that literally means "beyond the powers" The business judgment rule is an American Case law -derived concept in Corporations law whereby the "directors of a corporation. The internal affairs doctrine is a Choice of law rule in Corporations law. De facto corporation and corporation by estoppel are both terms that are used by Courts to describe circumstances in which a business organization that has The corporate law concept of piercing (lifting the corporate veil describes a legal decision where a shareholder or director of a Corporation is held liable for the The Rochdale Principles are a set of ideals for the operation of Cooperatives. A contract is an exchange of promises between two or more parties to do or refrain from doing an act which is enforceable in a court of law Civil procedure is the body of law that sets out the process that Courts will follow when hearing cases of a civil nature (a " Civil action " as opposed to Law is a system of rules enforced through a set of Institutions used as an instrument to underpin civil obedience politics economics and society A business (also called firm or an enterprise) is a legally recognized organizational entity designed to provide goods and/or services to Commerce is a division of trade or production which deals with the exchange of goods and services from producer to final consumer It is often considered to be a branch of civil law and deals both with issues of private law and public law. Civil law, as opposed to Criminal law, refers to that branch of Law dealing with disputes between Individuals and/or Organizations, in which Private law (Civil law is that part of a Legal system that involves relationships between individuals Public law is a theory of law governing the relationship between Individuals ( Citizens companies) and the State. Commercial law regulates corporate contracts, hiring practices, and the manufacture and sales of consumer goods. A corporation is a separate legal entity usually used to conduct business A contract is an exchange of promises between two or more parties to do or refrain from doing an act which is enforceable in a court of law Recruitment refers to the process of sourcing screening and selecting people for a job at an Organization or firm or for a vacancy in a volunteer-based organization Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand" is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale Consumers refers to individuals or households that use goods and services generated within the economy. Personal property is a type of Property. In the Common law systems personal property may also be called chattels or personalty. Many countries have adopted civil codes which contain comprehensive statements of their commercial law. A civil code is a systematic compilation of laws designed to comprehensively deal with the core areas of Private law. In the United States, commercial law is the province of both the United States Congress under its power to regulate interstate commerce and the states under their police power. The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses Efforts have been made to create a unified body of commercial law in the US; the most successful of these attempts has resulted in the general adoption of the Uniform Commercial Code. The Uniform Commercial Code ( UCC or the Code is one of a number of uniform acts that have been promulgated in conjunction with efforts to harmonize the law of
Various regulatory schemes control how commerce is conducted. Privacy laws, safety laws (i. e. the Occupational Safety and Health Act in the United States), food and drug laws are some examples. The Occupational Safety and Health Act is the primary federal law which governs Occupational health and safety in the private sector and federal government in the
See also
- UK commercial law
- List of business law topics
- Contracts
- Corporate law
- Intellectual property
- Letter of credit
- Negotiable instrument
- Property law
- Financial regulation
- Tax law
- Arbitration
External links
- topical listing of US commercial law from Cornell's Legal Information Institute
- 100s of Answers to Basic Business Law Questions
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