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The word commentator has many different meanings. For its application to sports, see sports commentator or Sportscaster. A sportscaster, (also sports announcer, sport commentator or sport presenter) is a type of Journalist on Radio and/or Television A sportscaster, (also sports announcer, sport commentator or sport presenter) is a type of Journalist on Radio and/or Television

Popular meaning

A commentator or pundit is an individual who discusses social, political or cultural issues or events typically in a public context. A pundit is someone who offers to mass-media his/her opinion or commentary on a particular subject area (most typically political analysis, the Social sciences Social commentator may refer to anything from a preacher to a columnist to a cultural critic. Preacher is a term the for someone who preaches Sermons or gives homilies A columnist is a Journalist who writes material on a regular basis for publication in a series A cultural critic is a Critic of a given Culture, usually as a whole and typically on a radical basis

A live broadcast of a major public event, such as an inauguration, funeral of a public figure, space flight or sporting occasion, is almost invariably accompanied by the thoughts of a commentator. An inauguration is a ceremony of formal Investiture whereby an individual assumes an office or position of authority or power A funeral is a Ceremony marking a person's Death. Funerary customs comprise the complex of Beliefs and practices used by a Culture to remember Spaceflight is the use of Space technology to fly a Spacecraft into and through Outer space. This may be on television, accompanied by relevant images, or on radio. Television ( TV) is a widely used Telecommunication medium for sending ( Broadcasting) and receiving moving Images, either monochromatic Radio is the transmission of signals by Modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible Light. The technique involved differs between the two media, with radio broadcasters needing to be more explicit and descriptive because of the absence of pictures. For the band see Broadcast (band Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and/or Video signals which transmit

Sports and other commentators usually broadcast live during events in an essentially unscripted way although they may refer to prepared materials such as sports statistics. A sportscaster, (also sports announcer, sport commentator or sport presenter) is a type of Journalist on Radio and/or Television Spontaneity, enthusiasm, and partisan comments are sometimes valued by those watching or listening to sports.

Gaffes and other verbal mishaps can occur. The word error has different meanings and usages relative to how it is conceptually applied Famous examples include:

Some famous commentators include:

Meaning in European legal history

The school of the Glossators in Bologna lost its vitality, resulting in the rise of a new school of legal thought in the 14th century, centred around Orleans in France. David Coleman OBE (born 26 April 1926, Alderley Edge, Cheshire) is a former British Sports Commentator Graeme Murray Walker OBE (known as Murray Walker; born 10 October 1923 Hall Green, Birmingham, England) is a Formula 1 Kevin Harlan (born June 21, 1960 in Milwaukee Wisconsin) is an American television sports announcer Karunaratne Abeysekera (1930–1983 was one of Sri Lanka's most famous Sinhala broadcasters Jonathan Philip Agnew (nicknamed Aggers) is an English Cricket broadcaster and former professional cricketer Jani Allan (born 11 September, 1953) is a former South African journalist and radio commentator best known for an alleged affair with right-wing AWB Ronald Franklin Atkinson, commonly known as "Big Ron" and (earlier in his managerial career "Bojangles" (born 18 March, 1939 James William "Jim" Ross (born January 3 1952 in Fort Bragg California He is known affectionately as "good ol'" J Richard "Richie" Benaud OBE (born October 6 1930 in Penrith New South Wales) is an Australian former Cricketer who since his retirement from Lawrence Peter "Yogi" Berra (born May 12 1925 in St Louis Missouri) is a former Major League Baseball player and manager Henry Calthorpe Blofeld (born at Hoveton Home Farm in Norfolk on 23 September 1939) (known as Blowers, thanks to the late Brian Johnston William Frank Buckley Jr ( November 24 1925  – February 27 2008) was an American Author and conservative Harry Carpenter (b 17 October, 1925 in London) was a BBC sports Commentator from the early 1950s until his retirement in 1994 Jon Champion (born 23 May 1965 in Harrogate, England) is a freelance television Commentator who works for ITV Sport and David Coleman OBE (born 26 April 1926, Alderley Edge, Cheshire) is a former British Sports Commentator Stephen Tyrone Colbert ( born May 13 1964 is an American Comedian, satirist, Actor and Writer, known for his ironic style Howard William Cosell (born Howard William Cohen; March 25 1918 - April 23 1995 was an American sports journalist Barry George Davies MBE (born 24 October 1940 in London, England) is a British sports commentator. Sean Hannity (born December 30 1961 is an American radio and television host, conservative Political commentator, and Bob Harvie was a popular announcer of Radio Ceylon. Harvie's voice was inextricably linked to cricket commentaries from the island of Ceylon. Paul Harvey Aurandt (born September 4, 1918) better known as Paul Harvey, is an American Radio broadcaster for the For the former footballer see Archie McPherson (footballer Archibald "Archie" Macpherson (b John Earl Madden (born April 10, 1936) is a former National Football League player a former head coach with the Oakland Raiders, a football Roland Martin can refer to Roland S Martin, American journalist nationally syndicated columnist Roland Martin (fisherman, host of Joe Leonard Morgan (born September 19, 1943 in Bonham Texas) is a former Major League Baseball Second baseman who was inducted into John Walker Motson OBE (born 10 July 1945, Salford, Greater Manchester) sometimes known as Motty, is an English football Simon Hill is an Australian-based football commentator. British-based work After graduating from the University of Portsmouth in 1990 Keith Olbermann (born January 27 1959 is an American Sportscaster, news anchor, and Political commentator. Bill O'Reilly may refer to Bill O'Reilly (commentator (born 1949 American political commentator and author Bill O'Reilly (cricketer Jonathan Pearce (born 1959) is a British football Commentator for the BBC. Michael Alan Weiner (born March 31 1942 in New York City) better known by his Tavis Smiley (born September 13, 1964) is an author journalist political commentator and Talk show host Dave Spector (デーブ・スペクター born May 5 1954) is one of the more visible foreign celebrities ( Gaijin tarento) in Japan Andrew Mullen Gray (born November 30, 1955 in Glasgow) is a Scottish former football player and is now a football pundit for William Frank Buckley Jr ( November 24 1925  – February 27 2008) was an American Author and conservative Clive Tyldesley is a British sports commentator Early career Tyldesley was born in Lancashire and was educated at Kirkham Grammar School. Martin Tyler (born in Chester, 14th September 1945) is an English football Commentator who was voted as the FA Premier was born December 18 1960 in Edogawa, Tokyo He is a Japanese Economist, economic analyst a former senior economist at Nomura Research Institute and chairman of the Bob Varsha (born April 21, 1951 in Northport New York) is one of the more prominent on-air personalities for SPEED Channel. Graeme Murray Walker OBE (known as Murray Walker; born 10 October 1923 Hall Green, Birmingham, England) is a Formula 1 Sid Waddell (born August 10, 1940 in Alnwick Northumberland) is a British born " Geordie " Commentator and television Kenneth Wolstenholme DFC & Bar ( July 17, 1920 - March 25, 2002) was the football commentator for BBC Brian Alexander Johnston MC (24 June 1912 - 5 January 1994 (known as Johnners) was a Cricket commentator for the BBC from 1946 until his Leslie Thomas John Arlott ( February 25, 1914 &ndash December 14, 1991) was a freelance author whose main subjects were sport and wine a poet The scholars of the 11th and 12th century legal schools in Italy, France and Germany are identified as glossators in a specific sense Bologna (boloɲa from Latin Bononia, Bulåggna in Bolognese dialect is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy This article is about the French city of Orléans for other meanings see Orleans (disambiguation. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Bartolus was the most famous of the commentators. Bartolus de Saxoferrato (Italian Bartolo da Sassoferrato; 1313 &ndash July 13 1357) was an Italian law professor and one of the most prominent continental Rather than simply seeking to explain the law, the commentators were more concerned with the potential for practical application of the law. Politically at this time, the idea of the Spirit of One – one church and one empire, was popular in Europe. Roman law thus appealed as bringing the potential for one law in addition. Roman law is the legal system of Ancient Rome. As used in the West the term commonly refers to legal developments prior to the Roman/Byzantine state's adopting Roman law was written and certain as well as being generally consistent and complete. The educated liked its roots and saw the potential for application.

The commentators faced head on the conflict of law with custom as they saw the potential for practical application of the Roman law. They were opportunistic and as Medieval Italy flourished, there were many opportunities to be the mediator between the developing political, scientific and economic spheres. Thus many of their ideas were based on practical morality, bold construction of the law and clever interpretations. For example, feudal law, which violated the absoluteness of dominium, was included harmonised with Roman law by drawing links with the long lease, which gave rise to a vindicatio directa. The commentators argued that the vindicata directa was evidence of another type of ownership and that feudal ownership could fall within this category. This made Roman law more flexible, although was clearly a move away from the texts, and thus made it of greater practical use to rulers who were seeking a rational and coherent law.

The Commentators went beyond the glossators, who had had treated each text separately. The scholars of the 11th and 12th century legal schools in Italy, France and Germany are identified as glossators in a specific sense The commentators instead wrote prose commentaries on the texts (rather like lectures,) working through, book by book, through the Digest. Rather than simply taking individual Roman law texts at face value, making it useful for practical application involved considering the rationale and principles behind the law. Certain areas were thus not considered at all, for example, Bartolus makes no attempt to consider culpa. However, this general approach produced a far more sophisticated law and enabled harmonisation between Roman law and local law. For example, Roman law said that a will was valid if you had 5 witnesses and that Roman law superseded customary law, whilst Venice law only required 3 witnesses. Bartolus’ approach was to consider why Roman law superseded custom. He concluded that this was because custom was presumed bad. However, in certain circumstances, custom would be allowed by the Emperor, where the law was considered good. Since the Venice law had come into practice after the Emperor, the Emperor had not considered if it were good law. Venice ( Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venesia or Venexia) is a city in Northern Italy, the capital of the However, it clearly was and therefore it should be allowed to continue. The Commentators also harmonised canon law with Roman law to some extent. Canonists argued that bare agreement could give rise to an action (but they only had jurisdiction where that agreement was made by oath. ) The Commentators said that the canon law was simply a form of clothing which could made a bare pact enforceable.

The extraction of general principles allowed Roman law to be used in situations which were unfamiliar to the Romans, it provided a coherent and convenient set of rules, which could then be used to interpret local customs, which were given primacy but very narrowly interpreted. The impact of the commentators was thus substantial. Their commentaries were found throughout Europe, in fact it was said that if one was not a Bartolist (a commentator), one could not be a lawyer at all.

See also

A color commentator, sometimes known as a color analyst, is a member of the Broadcasting team for a sporting event who assists the Play-by-play

Dictionary

commentator

-noun

  1. a person who comments; especially someone who is paid to give one's opinions in the media about current affairs, sports, etc.
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