City of Columbus
Flag Seal
Nickname: The Arch City, The Discovery City
Location in the state of Ohio, USA
Coordinates: 39°59′00″N 82°59′00″W / 39.983333, -82.983333
Country	United States
State	Ohio
Counties	Franklin, Fairfield, Delaware
Government
- Mayor	Michael B. Coleman (D)
Area
- City	212. A nickname is a Name of an entity or thing that is not its Proper name. Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The political units and divisions of the United States include The 50 states (four of these being officially styled as Commonwealths) which are typically Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads This is a list of the eighty-eight counties in the US state of Ohio. Franklin County is a County located in the state of Ohio, United States. Fairfield County is a County located in the state of Ohio, United States. Delaware County is a fast-growing Suburban County located in the state of Ohio, United States, within the Columbus, A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Michael B Coleman (b November 18, 1954) is an American politician of the Democratic Party and the Mayor of Columbus Ohio The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status 6 sq mi (550. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 5 km²)
- Land	210. To help compare different Orders of magnitude and geographical regions we list here areas between 100 km² and 1000 km² 3 sq mi (544. 6 km²)
- Water	2. 3 sq mi (5. 9 km²)
Elevation	902 ft (275 m)
Population (2006)[1] [2]
- City	733,203
- Density	3,383. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 6/sq mi (1,306. 4/km²)
- Metro	1,754,337
Time zone	EST (UTC-5)
- Summer (DST)	EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP codes	43085, 43201, 43202, 43203, 43204, 43205, 43206, 43207, 43209, 43210, 43211, 43212, 43213, 43214, 43215, 43216, 43217, 43218, 43219, 43220, 43221, 43222, 43223, 43224, 43226, 43227, 43228, 43229, 43230, 43231, 43232, 43234, 43235, 43236
Area code(s)	614
FIPS code	39-18000[3]
GNIS feature ID	1080996[4]
Website: http://www.columbus.gov/

Columbus is the capital and the largest city of the U.S. state of Ohio. A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America UTC−5 is the Time offset used in the North American Eastern Time Zone during Standard time and in the North American Central Time Zone during Daylight saving time ( DST The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America UTC−4 is the Time offset used in the Atlantic Standard Time Zone in Canada in winter and the North American Eastern Time Zone during The ZIP code is the system of Postal codes used by the United States Postal Service (USPS A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks Area code 614, which had covered the entire southeastern quarter of the state of Ohio for decades now represents only the Columbus Metropolitan area; Federal Information Processing Standards ( FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the United States Federal government for use by all non-military The Geographic Names Information System ( GNIS) is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads Located near the geographic center of the state, Columbus is the county seat of Franklin County, although parts of the city also extend into Delaware and Fairfield counties. Centerburg is a village in Knox County, Ohio, United States, along the North Fork of the Licking River. A county seat is a term for an Administrative center for a County, primarily used in the United States. Franklin County is a County located in the state of Ohio, United States. Delaware County is a fast-growing Suburban County located in the state of Ohio, United States, within the Columbus, Fairfield County is a County located in the state of Ohio, United States. Named for explorer Christopher Columbus, the city was founded in 1812 at the confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers, and assumed the functions of state capital in 1816. Christopher Columbus (1451 &ndash May 20 1506 was an Italian Navigator, colonizer Confluence, in Geography, describes the meeting of two or more Bodies of water. The Scioto River (saɪˈoʊtoʊ sigh-OH-toe or /saɪˈoʊtə/ sigh-OH-tuh) is a river in central and southern Ohio more than 231 miles (372 km in The Olentangy River (oʊlənˈtænʤi is a Tributary of the Scioto River in Ohio. The city has a diverse economy based on education, insurance, healthcare, retail, and technology. Education encompasses both the Teaching and Learning of Knowledge, proper conduct, and technical competency Insurance, in Law and Economics, is a form of Risk management primarily used to hedge against the Risk of a contingent loss Health care is the prevention treatment and management of illness and the preservation of mental health through the services offered by the medical, Nursing Technology is a broad concept that deals with a Species ' usage and knowledge of Tools and Crafts and how it affects a species' ability to control and adapt Acknowledged by Money Magazine as the 8th best large city in the U. Money is a Time Inc Personal finance magazine Its first issue was published in October 1972 S. to inhabit, it is also recognized as an emerging global city. ^[5][6] Residents of Columbus are usually referred to as Columbusites. ^[7]

The population was 711,470 at the 2000 census. Columbus is located within 550 miles (890 km) of half of the United States' population. ^[8] In 2006 Columbus was ranked as the 15th largest city in the United States, with 733,203 residents, and was also the 32nd largest metropolitan area, the fourth largest city in the Midwest, and the third most populous Capital in the U. The See also Metropolitan Statistical Area, Core Based Statistical Area Table of United States Core Based Statistical AreasThe United States Census Bureau has defined Table of United States Metropolitan Statistical Areas|Table of United States Core Based Statistical AreasIn the United States, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB has produced S. , behind Indianapolis, Indiana and Phoenix, Arizona. Phoenix (ˈfiːˌnɪks O'odham Skikik, Yavapai Wasinka, Western Apache Fiinigis, Navajo Hoozdo, . The name Columbus is often used to refer to the Columbus Metropolitan Area, which includes many other municipalities. "Columbus metropolitan area" redirects here For the area in the U A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a City, Town, or Village, or According to the US Census, the metropolitan area has a population of 1,754,337, while the Combined Statistical Area (which also includes Marion and Chillicothe) has 1,982,252 people. Table of United States Combined Statistical AreasThe United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB defines micropolitan and metropolitan statistical areas. Marion is a city in the US state of Ohio and the County seat of Marion County. Chillicothe (ˌtʃɪlɨˈkɒθi CHILL-i-KOTH-ee is a city in the U ^[9]

Contents 1 History 1.1 19th century 1.2 20th century to the present 2 Geography 2.1 Topography 2.2 Climate 2.3 Cityscape 2.4 Transportation 3 Demographics 4 Economy 5 Law and government 5.1 Crime 6 Education 6.1 Colleges and universities 6.2 Primary and secondary schools 6.3 Libraries 7 Culture 7.1 Landmarks 7.2 Museums 7.3 Parks and outdoor attractions 7.4 Performing arts 7.5 Sports 7.6 Fairs and festivals 7.7 Media 8 Sister cities 9 External links 10 References

History

Evidence of ancient mound-building societies abounds in the region near the confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers. Mound Builder is a general term referring to the American Indians who constructed various styles of earthen Mounds for burial residential and ceremonial purposes Mound Street, located in downtown Columbus, was so named because of its proximity to a large Native American burial mound. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States ^[10] Numerous other earthworks were found throughout the area, including a surviving edifice on McKinley Avenue. ^[11] Those ancient civilizations had long since faded into history when European explorers began moving into the region south of Lake Erie. Lake Erie (ˈɪəriː is the fourth largest Lake (by surface area of the five Great Lakes, and the tenth largest globally Rather than an empty frontier, however, they encountered people of the Miami, Delaware, Wyandot, Shawnee, and Mingo nations. A frontier is a Political and Geographical term referring to areas near or beyond a boundary, or of a different nature The Miami are a Native American tribe originally found in Indiana, southwest Michigan and Ohio, and now living also in Oklahoma The shannon (later named Delaware Indians by Europeans were in the 17th century organized bands of Native American peoples with shared cultural and linguistic "Huron" redirects here For other uses see Huron (disambiguation. The Shawnee, or Shaawanwaki, Shaawanooki and Shaawanowi lenaweeki, are a people native to North America. The Mingo are an Iroquois group of Native Americans that migrated west to the Ohio Country in the mid-eighteenth century These tribes resisted expansion by the fledgling United States, resulting in years of bitter conflict. A decisive battle at Fallen Timbers resulted in the Treaty of Greenville, which finally opened the way for new settlements. The Battle of Fallen Timbers ( August 20, 1794) was the final battle of the Northwest Indian War, a struggle between American Indians and The Treaty of Greenville was signed at Fort Greenville (now Greenville Ohio) on August 3, 1795, between a coalition of Native Americans By 1797, a young surveyor from Virginia named Lucas Sullivant had founded a permanent settlement on the west bank of the forks of the Scioto River. Surveying is the technique and science of accurately determining the terrestrial or three-dimensional space Position of points and the distances and angles between The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state An admirer of Benjamin Franklin, Sullivant chose to name his new frontier village "Franklinton. Benjamin Franklin ( April 17 1790 was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America. Franklinton is a neighborhood in Columbus, Ohio. Lucas Sullivant a Virginia born land surveyor established Franklinton in 1797 "^[12] Although the location was desirable in its proximity to navigable rivers, Sullivant was initially foiled when, in 1798, a large flood wiped out the newly formed settlement. A body of water such as a River, Canal or Lake, is navigable if it is deep wide and slow enough for a vessel to pass and there are no obstructions like A flood is an overflow of an expanse of water that submerges land a deluge ^[13] He persevered, and the village was rebuilt.

19th century

After Ohio achieved statehood in 1803, political infighting among Ohio's more prominent leaders resulted in the state capital moving from Chillicothe to Zanesville and back again. Chillicothe (ˌtʃɪlɨˈkɒθi CHILL-i-KOTH-ee is a city in the U Zanesville is a city in and the County seat of Muskingum County, Ohio, United States. The state legislature eventually decided that a new capital city, located in the center of the state, was a necessary compromise. Several of Ohio's small towns and villages petitioned the legislature for the honor of becoming the state capital, but ultimately a coalition of land speculators, with Sullivant's support, made the most attractive offer to the Ohio General Assembly. The Ohio General Assembly is the state legislature of the US state of Ohio. Named in honor of Christopher Columbus, the capital city was founded on February 14, 1812, on the "High Banks opposite Franklinton at the Forks of the Scioto known as Wolf's Ridge. Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German Year 1812 ( MDCCCXII) a leap year started on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year "^[14] At the time, this area was a dense forestland, used only as a hunting ground. ^[15]

The Burough of Columbus [sic] was officially established on February 10, 1816. Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead Year 1816 ( MDCCCXVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year ^[16] Nine people were elected to fill the various positions of Mayor, Treasurer, and others. Although the recent War of 1812 had brought prosperity to the area, the subsequent recession and conflicting claims to the land threatened the success of the new town. The War of 1812 was fought between the United States of America and the British Empire, particularly Great Britain and her North American colonies Early conditions were abysmal with frequent bouts of fevers and an outbreak of cholera in 1833. Cholera, sometimes known as Asiatic cholera or epidemic cholera, is an infectious Gastroenteritis caused by the Bacterium ^[17]

The National Road reached Columbus from Baltimore in 1831, which complemented the city's new link to the Ohio and Erie Canal and facilitated a population boom. US 40svg|right|100px|thumb|The National Road is now included as part of U The Ohio Canal or Ohio and Erie Canal was a Canal constructed in the early 1800s which connected Akron, Summit County with the Cuyahoga ^[18] A wave of immigrants from Europe resulted in the establishment of two ethnic enclaves on the outskirts of the city. A significant Irish population settled in the north along Naghten Street (presently Nationwide Boulevard), while the Germans took advantage of the cheap land to the south, creating a community that came to be known as Das Alte Südende (The Old South End). The Irish people ( Irish: Muintir na hÉireann, na hÉireannaigh, na Gaeil) are a Western European Ethnic group who originate The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as German Village is a historic neighborhood just south of downtown Columbus, Ohio. Columbus' German population is responsible for constructing numerous breweries, Trinity Lutheran Seminary, and Capital University. A brewery is a dedicated building for the making of Beer, though beer can be made in the home and has been for much of beer's history Trinity Lutheran Seminary is a ( ELCA) Seminary (a school of theology located in Columbus Ohio, USA. Capital University is a private liberal arts University of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America located in Bexley Ohio, founded in 1830 ^[19]

With a population of 3500, Columbus was officially chartered as a city on March 3, 1834. Events 1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England 1575 - Indian Year 1834 ( MDCCCXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common The legislature carried out a special act on that day, which granted legislative authority to the city council and judicial authority to the mayor. Elections were held in April of that year, with voters choosing one John Brooks as the first mayor. ^[20]

In 1850 the Columbus and Xenia Railroad became the first railroad to enter the city, followed by the Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati Railroad in 1851. The Columbus and Xenia Railroad was the first railroad to operate in Columbus Ohio. "Railroad" and "Railway" both redirect here For other uses see Railroad (disambiguation. The Cleveland Columbus and Cincinnati Railroad was the second railroad to enter Columbus Ohio. The two railroads built a joint Union Station on the east side of High Street just north of Naughten (then called North Public Lane). Columbus Union Station and its predecessors served railroad passengers in Columbus Ohio from February 27 1850, until April 28 1977 Rail traffic into Columbus increased--by 1875 Columbus was served by eight railroads, and a new, more elaborate station was built. ^[21]

On January 7, 1857, the Ohio Statehouse finally opened to the public after eighteen years of construction. Events 1325 - Alfonso IV becomes King of Portugal. 1558 - France takes Calais, the last continental Click here for Indian Rebellion of 1857 Year 1857 ( MDCCCLVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the The Ohio Statehouse, located in Columbus Ohio, is the seat of government for the state of Ohio. ^[22]

During the Civil War, Columbus was the home of Camp Chase, a major base for the volunteer Union Army that housed 26,000 troops and held up to 9,000 Confederate prisoners of war. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South Camp Chase was a military staging training and prison camp in Columbus Ohio, during the American Civil War. The Union Army was the army that fought for the Union during the American Civil War. The War Department was established by the Confederate Congress in an act on February 21, 1861. Over 2,000 Confederate soldiers remain buried at the site, making it one of the largest Confederate cemeteries in the North. The Northern United States is a large geographic region of the United States of America. ^[23] North of Columbus, along the Delaware Road, the Regular Army established Camp Thomas, where the 18th U.S. Infantry was organized and trained. The Regular Army is a name given to the permanent force of a country's army that is maintained during peacetime Camp Thomas was a United States Regular Army training facility located in Columbus Ohio, during the American Civil War. The 18th Infantry Regiment is a Mechanized infantry Regiment assigned to the 1st Infantry Division.

By virtue of the Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Act, the Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College was founded in 1870 on the former estate of William and Hannah Neil. The Ohio State University ( OSU) is a Coeducational public Research university in the state of Ohio. ^[24]

By the end of the 19th century, Columbus saw the rise of several major manufacturing businesses. Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand" is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale The city became known as the "Buggy Capital of the World," thanks to the presence of some two dozen buggy factories, notably the Columbus Buggy Company, which was founded in 1875 by C. A carriage is a wheeled vehicle for people usually horse-drawn D. Firestone. The Columbus Consolidated Brewing Company also rose to prominence during this time, and it may have achieved even greater success were it not for the influence of the Anti-Saloon League, based in neighboring Westerville. The Anti-Saloon League was the leading organization Lobbying for Prohibition in the United States in the early 20th century Geography Westerville is located at (40123496 -82921432According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 12 ^[25] In the steel industry, a forward-thinking man named Samuel P. Bush presided over the Buckeye Steel Castings Company. Samuel Prescott Bush ( October 4, 1863 &ndash February 8, 1948) was an American industrialist and Entrepreneur Buckeye Steel Castings was a Columbus, Ohio Steelmaker best known today for its longtime president Samuel P Columbus was also a popular location for the organization of labor. In 1886, Samuel Gompers founded the American Federation of Labor in Druid's Hall on S. Samuel Gompers (January 27 1850 - December 13 1924 was an American labor union leader and a key figure in American labor history. The American Federation of Labor (AFL was one of the first federations of labor unions in the United States Fourth Street, and in 1890 the United Mine Workers of America was founded at old City Hall. Template talkInfobox Union for usage -->The United Mine Workers of America ( UMW or UMWA) is a North ^[26]

20th century to the present

Columbus earned its nickname "The Arch City" because of the dozens of metal (formerly wooden) arches that spanned High Street at the turn of the twentieth century. The Short North is a neighborhood in Columbus, Ohio, United States, centered on the main strip of High Street immediately north of downtown and extending The arches illuminated the thoroughfare and eventually became the means by which electric power was provided to the new streetcars. A tram, tramcar, trolley, trolley car, or streetcar is a railborne vehicle, of lighter weight and construction than a Train The arches were torn down and replaced with cluster lights in 1914, but were reconstructed in the Short North district in 2002 for their unique historical interest. The Short North is a neighborhood in Columbus, Ohio, United States, centered on the main strip of High Street immediately north of downtown and extending ^[27]

On March 25, 1913, a catastrophic flood devastated the neighborhood of Franklinton, leaving over ninety people dead and thousands of West Side residents homeless. Events 1199 - Richard I is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting France which leads to his death on April 6. Year 1913 ( MCMXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common To prevent future flooding, the Army Corps of Engineers recommended widening the Scioto River through downtown, constructing new bridges, and building a retaining wall along its banks. The United States Army Corps of Engineers ( USACE) is a federal agency and a major Army command made up of some 34600 Civilian and 650 Military personnel With the strength of the post-WWI economy, a construction boom occurred in the 1920s, resulting in a new Civic Center, the Ohio Theatre, the American Insurance Union Citadel, and, to the north, a massive new Ohio Stadium. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All This article is about the theater in Columbus Ohio For other uses see Ohio Theatre. LeVeque Tower is a 47-story Art Deco -style building in Columbus Ohio. Ohio Stadium (also known as The Horseshoe, simply The ’Shoe and The House Harley Built) is the home of the Buckeyes football ^[28] Although the American Professional Football Association was founded in Canton in 1920, its head offices moved to Columbus in 1921 and remained in the city until 1941. The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. Canton is a city in the US state of Ohio and the County seat of Stark County. In 1922, the association's name was changed to the National Football League. The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. ^[29] The same year, Coats Steam Car set up shop in Columbus, only to move to Bowling Green and ultimately fail. The Coats Steam Car was an American steam Automobile produced from 1921 until 1923 first in Columbus and later in Bowling Green Ohio Bowling Green is the County seat of Wood County in the US state of Ohio.

The effects of the Great Depression were somewhat less severe in Columbus, as the city's diversified economy helped it fare marginally better than its Rust Belt neighbors. The Rust Belt, sometimes called the Manufacturing Belt, is an area in parts of the Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic States, and portions of the World War II brought a tremendous number of new jobs to the city, and with it another population surge. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including This time, the majority of new arrivals were migrants from the "extraordinarily depressed rural areas" of Appalachia, who would soon account for more than a third of Columbus' rising population. Appalachia is a term used to describe a region in the eastern United States that stretches from southern New York state to northern Alabama, ^[30] In 1948, the Town and Country Shopping Center opened in suburban Whitehall, and it is now regarded as one of the first modern shopping centers in the United States. Whitehall is a city in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. The population was 19201 at the 2000 census. A shopping mall or shopping centre is a building or set of buildings that contain Retail units with interconnecting Walkways enabling visitors ^[31] Along with the construction of the interstate highway, it signaled the arrival of rapid suburban development in central Ohio. The Dwight D Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, commonly called the Interstate Highway System (or simply the Interstate System) South San Jose (cropjpg||thumb|A suburban development in San Jose California. In order to protect the city's tax base from this suburbanization, Columbus adopted a policy of linking sewer and water hookups to annexation to the city. Suburbanization (or suburbanisation) is a term used to describe the process of population movement from within towns and cities to the rural-urban fringe Annexation ( Latin ad, to and nexus, joining is the legal incorporation of some territory into another geo-political entity (either adjacent or non-contiguous ^[32] By the early 1990s, Columbus had grown to become Ohio's largest city in both land area and in population.

Efforts to revitalize Downtown Columbus have met with mixed results in recent decades. Downtown Columbus is the Central Business District of Columbus, Ohio, United States. In the 1970s old landmarks such as Union Station and the Neil House Hotel were razed to construct high-rise offices and retail space such as the Huntington Center. Columbus Union Station and its predecessors served railroad passengers in Columbus Ohio from February 27 1850, until April 28 1977 The Huntington Center is a complex in Columbus Ohio. It contains the Huntigton Center Huntington Plaza Doubletree Hotel Guest Suites Columbus and the Huntington Bank Building ^[33] Newer suburban developments at Tuttle Crossing, Easton, and Polaris have inhibited much of the anticipated downtown growth. The Mall at Tuttle Crossing is a shopping center located in Columbus Ohio, USA near the suburb of Dublin. Easton Town Center ("Easton" is a large mixed-use center in Columbus Ohio, United States. Polaris CIMG9490JPG|thumb|right|230px|Polaris Fashion Place entrance sign in December 2006]] Polaris Fashion Place, opened on October 25, 2001, is a two Still, with the addition of the Arena District, as well as hundreds of downtown residential units, significant revitalization efforts are likely to continue in the downtown area. The Arena District is a 75-acre mixed-use urban infill master planned development located in downtown Columbus, Ohio.

Geography

Topography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 212. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census 6 square miles (550. 5 km²), of which, 210. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 3 square miles (544. 6 km²) of it is land and 2. 3 square miles (5. 9 km²) of it (1. 07%) is water. Unlike many other major US cities in the Midwest, Columbus continues to expand its reach by way of extensions and annexations, making it one of the fastest growing large cities in the nation, in terms of both geography and population, and probably the fastest in the Midwest. Annexation ( Latin ad, to and nexus, joining is the legal incorporation of some territory into another geo-political entity (either adjacent or non-contiguous Unlike Cleveland and Cincinnati, the central cities in Ohio's two largest metropolitan areas, Columbus is ringed by relatively few suburbs; since the 1950s it has made annexation a condition for providing water and sewer service, to which it holds regional rights throughout a large portion of Central Ohio. Cleveland is a City in the US state of Ohio and the County seat of Cuyahoga County, the most populous county in the state Annexation ( Latin ad, to and nexus, joining is the legal incorporation of some territory into another geo-political entity (either adjacent or non-contiguous This policy is credited with preserving Columbus' tax base in the face of the U. S. 's suburbanization and has contributed to its continued economic expansion, much like other cities pursuing similar policies such as San Antonio, Texas, of which is similarly lacking in surrounding incorporated suburbs. Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State.

The confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers occurs just west of downtown Columbus. The Scioto River (saɪˈoʊtoʊ sigh-OH-toe or /saɪˈoʊtə/ sigh-OH-tuh) is a river in central and southern Ohio more than 231 miles (372 km in The Olentangy River (oʊlənˈtænʤi is a Tributary of the Scioto River in Ohio. Several smaller tributaries course through the Columbus metro area, including Alum Creek, Big Walnut Creek, and Darby Creek. Alum Creek is a tributary of Big Walnut Creek, which drains into the Scioto River. Big Walnut Creek starts near Mount Gilead Ohio in Morrow County. Columbus is considered to have relatively flat topography thanks to a large glacier that covered most of Ohio during the Wisconsin Ice Age. Topography ( topo-, "place" and graphia, "writing" is the study of Earth 's Surface features or those of Planets "Glacial" and "Glaciation" redirect here For the geological periods see Glacial period. "Last glacial" redirects here For the period of maximum glacier extent during this time see Last Glacial Maximum The last glacial period However, there are sizable differences in elevation through the area, with the high point of Franklin County being 1132ft (345m) above Sea level near New Albany, and the low point being 670ft (207m) where the Scioto River leaves the county near Lockbourne. Mean sea level (MSL is the average (mean height of the Sea, with reference to a suitable reference surface New Albany is a village in Franklin and Licking Counties in the U Lockbourne is a village in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. ^[34] Numerous ravine areas near the rivers and creeks also help give some variety to the landscape. Tributaries to Alum Creek and the Olentangy River cut through shale, while tributaries to the Scioto River cut through limestone. Deciduous trees are common, including maple, oak, hickory, walnut, poplar, cottonwood, and of course, buckeye. Botany Autumn leaf color. See --> In Botany and Horticulture, deciduous Plants, including Acer ( maple) is a Genus of Trees or Shrubs They are variously classified in a family of their own the Aceraceae, or The term oak can be used as part of the common name of any of about 400 species of Trees and Shrubs in the Genus Quercus (from Latin Trees in the genus Carya (from Ancient Greek κάρυον " Nut " are commonly known as Hickory. Walnuts (genus Juglans) are Plants in the family Juglandaceae. Populus is a genus of between 25–35 species of Flowering plants in the family Salicaceae, native to most of the Northern Hemisphere. The cottonwoods are three species of Poplars in the section Aegiros of the genus Populus, native to North America, Europe and western The tree species Aesculus glabra is commonly known as Ohio buckeye, American buckeye, or fetid buckeye.

Climate

Weather averages for Columbus^[35]

Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Avg high (°F)	36	39	50	62	73	82	85	84	77	65	51	40	62
Avg high (°C)	2	4	10	17	23	28	29	29	25	18	11	4	17
Avg low (°F)	20	22	31	40	50	59	64	62	54	43	34	25	42
Avg low (°C)	-7	-6	-1	4	10	15	18	17	12	6	1	-4	6
Rainfall (in)	2. 8	2. 3	3. 1	3. 4	3. 8	3. 9	4. 6	3. 3	2. 7	2. 1	3. 0	2. 7	37. 8
Rainfall (cm)	7. 1	5. 8	7. 9	8. 6	9. 7	9. 9	11. 7	8. 4	6. 9	5. 4	7. 7	6. 9	96. 0
Snowfall (in)	8. 1	6. 2	4. 5	0. 9	0. 0	0. 0	0. 0	0. 0	0. 0	0. 1	2. 3	5. 5	27. 6
Snowfall (cm)	20. 6	15. 7	11. 4	2. 3	0. 0	0. 0	0. 0	0. 0	0. 0	0. 3	5. 8	14. 0	70. 1

The region is dominated by a humid continental climate (Koppen climate classification Dfa), characterized by hot, muggy summers and cold, dry winters. The humid continental climate is a Climate found over large areas of land masses in the temperate regions of the mid-latitudes where there is a zone of conflict between The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems It was developed by Wladimir Köppen, a German climatologist The hottest temperature ever recorded in Columbus was 106°F (41°C), which occurred twice during the Dust Bowl drought of the 1930s – once on July 21, 1934, and again two years later, on July 14, 1936. The Dust Bowl, or the dirty thirties, was a period of severe Dust storms causing major ecological and agricultural damage to American and A drought is an extended period of months or years when a region notes a deficiency in its water supply Events 356 BC - Herostratus sets fire to the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1223 - Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father Philip II of France. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. ^[36] The coldest temperature was -22°F (-30°C), occurring January 19, 1994. Events 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) ^[36]

Columbus is subject to Severe weather typical to the Midwestern United States. Severe weather is any destructive weather phenomenon. The term is usually used to refer to severe thunderstorms and related phenomena such as Tornados Tornadoes are possible from the spring to the fall, the most recent of which occurred on October 11, 2006 and caused F2 damage. Events 1138 - A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria. 1531 - Huldrych Zwingli is killed Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The Fujita scale ( F-Scale) or Fujita-Pearson scale, is a scale for rating Tornado intensity based on the damage tornadoes inflict on human-built structures ^[37] Floods, blizzards, and severe thunderstorms can also occur from time to time. A flood is an overflow of an expanse of water that submerges land a deluge A blizzard is a severe Winter storm condition characterized by low Temperatures strong Winds and heavy blowing Snow Blizzards are formed when

Cityscape

See also: Neighborhoods in Columbus, Ohio, Columbus Metropolitan Area, Downtown Columbus, and List of skyscrapers in Columbus, Ohio

Columbus also has a number of distinctive neighborhoods within the metro area. There are hundreds of neighborhoods in Columbus Ohio. Some are hard to define as they encompass large areas developed at different times often with sub-neighborhoods within "Columbus metropolitan area" redirects here For the area in the U Downtown Columbus is the Central Business District of Columbus, Ohio, United States. The Short North, situated just north of downtown, is rich with art galleries, dining, pubs, and specialty shops. The Short North is a neighborhood in Columbus, Ohio, United States, centered on the main strip of High Street immediately north of downtown and extending An art gallery or art museum is a space for the exhibition of art, usually Visual art. A number of large, ornate Victorian homes are located nearby, and together they comprise Victorian Village. The Queen Anne Style is a style of architecture, furniture and decoration that reached its greatest popularity in the last quarter of the 19th century manifesting itself in Victorian Village is a neighborhood located north and near west of downtown Columbus Ohio, USA. To the south, German Village is known for its quaint 19th century brick cottages, and it holds the distinction as the largest privately funded historic district on the National Register of Historic Places. German Village is a historic neighborhood just south of downtown Columbus, Ohio. The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP is the United States government's official list of districts sites buildings structures and objects deemed worthy of These three neighborhoods have all undergone gentrification on a large scale. Gentrification, or urban gentrification, is the change in an Urban area associated with the movement of more affluent individuals into a lower-class Franklinton, sometimes known as "the Bottoms," is the neighborhood immediately west of downtown. It gets its colorful nickname due to the fact that much of the land lies below the level of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers, and a floodwall is required to contain the rivers and protect the area from devastating floods. Just to the west of Franklinton is a group of smaller neighborhoods commonly referred to as "The Hilltop. Hilltop is a geographic area of Columbus, Ohio on the west side of the city "

At the north end of downtown is a new development/neighborhood, the Arena District. Centered around the Nationwide Arena, the district has many pubs, restaurants, and residential projects, most notably the new 20-story Condominiums at North Bank Park tower. The Lifestyle Communities Pavilion is also an anchor for the district and the soon-to-come Huntington Ballpark will be the new home of the Columbus Clippers baseball team.

There are also the Heritage Districts, which include the Driving Park, Livingston Park and Old Oaks areas on the near east side of the city, home to a part of the city's large black population. Driving Park is an urban residential area on the near east side of Columbus Ohio just south of Interstate 70

The University area is populated by a high concentration of students during the school year (approximately 50,000) and features many old homes which have been converted to apartments for student use. The University Area (or University District) is a area located two miles (3 km north of Downtown Columbus Ohio that is home to the main campus of The Ohio The stretch of High Street that runs through the campus area caters to the student body with its abundance of bars, sandwich shops, music stores, and bookstores. Located between OSU and Worthington is Clintonville, where a mix of middle class homes can be found alongside beautiful old stone and brick-faced houses nestled among rolling hills. Worthington is a city in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. Further west of downtown, San Margherita is a community formed by Italian immigrants who arrived at the turn of the 20th century. San Margherita is an unincorporated Neighborhood of Columbus Ohio that may be in danger of vanishing

Columbus has its own city park system, and there is a metropolitan area parks system as well. Reservoirs and parks on the major streams offer recreational opportunities. The Scioto and Olentangy river corridors are becoming connected as greenways with bike paths, and the Scioto Mile project is enhancing the riverfront in the heart of downtown.

Transportation

The city's street plan originates downtown and extends into the old-growth neighborhoods, following a grid pattern with the intersection of High Street (running north–south) and Broad Street (running east–west) at its center. The grid plan or gridiron plan is a type of City plan in which Streets run at right angles to each other forming a grid. High Street, or the High Street, is a Metonym for the generic name (and frequently the official name of the primary Business street North-South streets run twelve degrees west of due North, parallel to High Street; the Avenues (vis. Fifth Avenue, Sixth Avenue, Seventh Avenue, etc. ) run east–west. ^[38] The address system begins its numbering at the intersection of Broad and High, with numbers increasing in magnitude with distance from Broad or High. Numbered Avenues begin with First Avenue, about 1¼ mile north of Broad Street, and increase in number as one progresses northward. Numbered Streets begin with Second Street, which is two blocks west of High Street, and Third Street, which is a block east of High Street, then progress eastward from there. Even-numbered addresses are on the north and east sides of streets, putting odd addresses on the south and west sides of streets. A difference of 700 house numbers means a distance of about one mile (along the same street). ^[34] For example, 351 W 5th Avenue is approximately one-half mile west of High Street on the south side of Fifth Avenue. Buildings along north–south streets are numbered in a similar manner: the building number indicates the approximate distance from Broad Street, the prefixes ‘N’ and ‘S’ indicate whether that distance is to measured to the north or south of Broad Street and the street number itself indicates how far the street is from the center of the city at the intersection of Broad and High.

This street numbering system does not hold true over a large area. The area served by numbered Avenues runs from about Marble Cliff to South Linden to the Airport, and the area served by numbered Streets covers Downtown and nearby neighborhoods to the east and south, with only a few exceptions. There are quite few intersections between numbered Streets and Avenues. Furthermore, named Streets and Avenues can have any orientation. For example, while all of the numbered avenues run east–west, perpendicular to High Street, many named, non-numbered avenues run north–south, parallel to High. The same is true of many named streets: while the numbered streets in the city run north–south, perpendicular to Broad Street, many named, non-numbered streets run east–west, perpendicular to High Street.

The addressing system, however, covers nearly all of Franklin County, with only a few older suburbs retaining self-centered address systems. The address scale of 700 per mile results in addresses approaching, but not usually reaching, 10,000 at the county's borders.

Other major, local roads in Columbus could include Main Street, Morse Road, Dublin-Granville Road (SR-161), Cleveland Avenue/Westerville Road (SR-3), Olentangy River Road, Riverside Drive, Sunbury Road, Fifth Avenue and Livingston Avenue. State Route 161 is an east-west state highway in the state of Ohio. State Route 3 is a major north-south highway in Ohio which leads from Cincinnati to Cleveland by way of Columbus.

Columbus is bisected by two major Interstate Highways, Interstate 70 running east–west, and Interstate 71 running north to roughly southwest. The Dwight D Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, commonly called the Interstate Highway System (or simply the Interstate System) Interstate 70 (I-70 is an Interstate highway in the United States that runs from Interstate 15 near Cove Fort Utah, to a Park and Ride Interstate 71 (I-71 is an Interstate Highway in the Great Lakes/Midwestern region of the United States. The two Interstates combine downtown for about 1. 5 miles (2. 4 km) in an area locally known as "The Split", which is a major traffic congestion point within Columbus, especially during rush hour. Rush hour at Shinjuku 02JPG|thumb|right|250px|Rush hour at Shinjuku Station, Yamanote Line]] A rush hour or peak hour is a part of the day during which U.S. Highway 40, aka National Road, runs east–west through Columbus, comprising Main Street to the east of downtown and Broad Street to the west. US 40svg|right|100px|thumb|The National Road is now included as part of U It is also widely recognized as the nation's first highway. U.S. Highway 23 runs roughly north–south, while U.S. Highway 33 runs northwest-to-southeast. US Route 23 is a long north-south US highway between Jacksonville Florida, and Mackinaw City Michigan. United States Highway 33 is a United States highway that runs northwest-southeast for 709 miles (1141 km from northern Indiana to Richmond Virginia The Interstate 270 Outerbelt encircles the vast majority of the city, while the newly redesigned Innerbelt consists of the Interstate 670 spur on the north side (which continues to the east past the Airport and to the west where it merges with I-70), State Route 315 on the west side, the I-70/71 split on the south side, and I-71 on the east. Interstate 270 (abbreviated I-270) is the beltway loop freeway in the Columbus metropolitan area commonly known locally as "The Outerbelt" Interstate 670 (I-670 is an Interstate Highway in the US state of Ohio that passes through downtown Columbus, connecting I-70 west State Route 315 is a north-south highway in central Ohio, mainly in the Columbus metropolitan area Due to its central location within Ohio and abundance of outbound roadways, nearly all of the state's destinations are within a 2-hour drive of Columbus.

The area has several airports, most notably Port Columbus International Airport on the east side of the city. Port Columbus International Airport, commonly shortened to Port Columbus, is an international Airport located 6 miles (10 Kilometers) east of Port Columbus provides service to a few foreign and dozens of domestic destinations, including all the major hubs. Port Columbus was a hub for discount carrier Skybus Airlines and is for NetJets, the world's largest fractional ownership carrier. Skybus Airlines Inc was a privately-held Airline based in Columbus, Ohio, USA. NetJets, a subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway, offers fractional ownership and Rental of private Business jets History NetJets Rickenbacker International Airport, in southern Franklin County, is a major cargo facility and is important to the Ohio Air National Guard. Rickenbacker International Airport is a joint civil-military public Airport located 10 miles (16 km) south of the Central business district of The Air National Guard ( ANG), often referred to as the Air Guard, is the air force militia organized by each of the several states and OSU Don Scott Airport and Bolton Field are significant general-aviation facilities in the Columbus area. Ohio State University Airport is a public Airport located six miles (10 km) northwest of the Central business district of Columbus, a city Bolton Field is a public Airport located eight miles (13 km) southwest of the Central business district of Columbus, a city in Franklin

Columbus used to have a major train station downtown called Union Station, most notably as a stop along Amtrak's National Limited train service until 1977. Columbus Union Station and its predecessors served railroad passengers in Columbus Ohio from February 27 1850, until April 28 1977 The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, Doing business as Amtrak, is a Government-owned corporation that was organized on May 1, 1971 The National Limited was the premier train of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O on its route between New York City and St The station itself was razed in 1979^[39], and the Greater Columbus Convention Center now stands in its place. The station was also a stop along the Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati Railroad and the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad. The Cleveland Columbus and Cincinnati Railroad was the second railroad to enter Columbus Ohio. The Pittsburgh Cincinnati Chicago and St Louis Railroad, commonly called the Pan Handle Route ( Panhandle Route in later days was a Railroad forming Columbus is now the second largest metropolitan area in the U. S. (after Phoenix, Arizona) without passenger rail service^[40], however studies are underway towards reintroducing passenger rail service to Columbus via the Ohio Hub project. Phoenix (ˈfiːˌnɪks O'odham Skikik, Yavapai Wasinka, Western Apache Fiinigis, Navajo Hoozdo, The State of Arizona ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. The Ohio Hub is a high-speed The system's goal is to "expand the capacity of the transportation system by improving the railroads for both freight and passenger trains

Columbus maintains a widespread municipal bus service called the Central Ohio Transit Authority (COTA).

Demographics

City of Columbus census results[41]
Year	Population	% Change	Rank
1840	6,048	N/A	70
1850	17,882	195. The 7	37
1860	18,554	3. 8	49
1870	31,274	68. 6	42
1880	51,647	65. 1	33
1890	88,150	70. 7	30
1900	125,560	42. 4	28
1910	181,511	44. 6	29
1920	237,031	30. 6	28
1930	290,564	22. 6	28
1940	306,087	5. 3	26
1950	375,901	22. 8	28
1960	471,316	25. 4	28
1970	539,677	14. 5	21
1980	564,871	4. 7	19
1990	632,910	12. 0	16
2000	711,470	12. 4	15
2006	733,203	3. 1	15

As of the census^[3] of 2000, there were 711,470 people, 301,534 households, and 165,240 families residing in the city. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population The population density was 3,383. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 6 people per square mile (1,306. 4/km²). There were 327,175 housing units at an average density of 1,556. 0/sq mi (600. 8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 67. 93% White, 24. 47% Black or African American, 0. 29% Native American, 3. 44% Asian, 0. 05% Pacific Islander, 1. 17% from other races, and 2. 65% from two or more races. 2. 46% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Hispanic and Latino Americans are Americans of Hispanic or Latino descent, which comprises ancestry or origins in Hispanic America The top 5 largest ancestries include German (19. German Americans ( German: Deutschamerikaner) are citizens of the United States of Ethnic German ancestry 4%), Irish (11. Irish Americans (Gael-Mheiriceánach are citizens of the United States who can claim ancestry originating in Ireland. 7%), English (7. English Americans (occasionally known as Anglo -Americans although this may have a wider cultural meaning are Citizens of the United States whose ancestry 9%), American (7. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the 2%), Italian (5. An Italian American is an American of Italian descent and/or dual citizenship 0%)[1].

There were 301,534 households out of which 28. 0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36. 1% were married couples living together, 14. NOTICE TO WOULD-BE ROMEOS ************** 5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45. 2% were non-families. 34. 1% of all households were made up of individuals and 7. 0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2. 30 and the average family size was 3. 01.

The age distribution is 24. 2% under the age of 18, 14. 0% from 18 to 24, 35. 1% from 25 to 44, 17. 9% from 45 to 64, and 8. 9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 94. 6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91. 9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $37,897, and the median income for a family was $47,391. The median household income is commonly used to provide data about geographic areas and divides households into two equal segments with the first half of Households earning less Males had a median income of $35,138 versus $28,705 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,450. Per capita income means how much each individual receives in monetary terms of the yearly income generated in the country About 10. 8% of families and 14. 8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18. The poverty threshold, or poverty line, is the minimum level of Income deemed necessary to achieve an adequate Standard of living in a given country 7% of those under age 18 and 10. 9% of those age 65 or over.

The Columbus metropolitan area has experienced several waves of immigration in the 20th century, including groups from Vietnam, Russia, Somalia, and ongoing immigration from Mexico and other Latin American countries. Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Somalia ( Soomaaliya; الصومال) officially the Somali Republic ( Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya, جمهورية الصومال) and formerly known The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. ^[42] Many other countries of origin are represented as well, with much of this related to the international draw of The Ohio State University. As is the case in much of America, there is less assimilation going on than compartmentalization, with large monoethnic neighborhoods developing. This influx is putting pressure on all of the social services institutions, notably the public schools and the public health system. ^[43]

Due to its demographics, which include a mix of races and a wide range of incomes, as well as urban, suburban, and nearby rural areas, Columbus has been considered to be a "typical" American city, and has been used as a test market for new products by retail and restaurant chains. ^[44] However, newer studies suggest that Columbus may no longer accurately mirror the U. S. population as a whole. ^[45]

Economy

See also: List of largest Central Ohio employers

Columbus has a generally strong and diverse economy, ranking in the top 10 overall in the United States, and the best in Ohio, according to Policom Corp. The following is a list of the largest employers in the Columbus MSA as of 2004. ^[46] As Columbus is the state capital, there is a large government presence in the city. Including city, county, state, and federal employers, government jobs provide the largest single source of employment within Columbus. One of the larger processing centers of the Defense Finance and Accounting Service (DFAS) is located in Columbus. The Defense Finance and Accounting Service (DFAS is an agency of the United States Department of Defense that provides Finance and Accounting services

With approximately 100,000 college students in the Metropolitan Area, there are a large number of people employed within higher education institutions. Large organizations include The Ohio State University, Franklin University and Columbus State Community College, as well as numerous other smaller colleges and schools. The Ohio State University ( OSU) is a Coeducational public Research university in the state of Ohio. Franklin University is a private university in downtown Columbus, Ohio, United States, North America. Columbus State Community College commonly referred to as CSCC, was first established in Columbus Ohio as Columbus Technical Institute in 1963

The Fortune 500 company Cardinal Health has its headquarters in the Columbus suburb of Dublin, and is currently under an expansion which will double their employment. Please do not add the complete list of fortune 500 companies The list is copyrighted by Fortune which makes money by selling the content Cardinal Health Inc, is a Holding company. History Founded in 1971 as Cardinal Foods by Robert D

Columbus is home to five insurance companies. Insurance, in Law and Economics, is a form of Risk management primarily used to hedge against the Risk of a contingent loss Nationwide Insurance makes its home downtown in a large, multi-building complex that dominates the northern end of the downtown area. Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company & Affiliated Companies is a group of large U The other insurance companies in the city are Motorists Insurance, Grange Insurance, Safe Auto Insurance, and State Auto Insurance.

Huntington Bancshares Inc. has its headquarters in the downtown area. Huntington Bancshares Inc ( is a $55 billion Midwestern Bank holding company headquartered in Columbus Ohio. Bank One was headquartered in Columbus until 1998, and J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., which acquired Bank One in 2004, continues to maintain a major presence in Columbus, with a large mortgage servicing unit in the city. Bank One Corporation, based in Chicago Illinois, was the sixth-largest Bank in the United States. JPMorgan Chase & Co ( is the largest Banking institution in the United States by deposits and market capitalization and is one of the oldest operating Serving the business-only niche, Commerce National Bank is headquartered in Columbus. Commerce National Bank, ( is a Commercial bank founded in 1991 with $600 million in assets

Chemical Abstracts Service is located just north of the OSU campus. Chemical Abstracts Service ( CAS) is a division of the American Chemical Society, and produces Chemical Abstracts, and related products The Battelle Memorial Institute, a major research and development facility, is located just to the south of said campus. The Battelle Memorial Institute is a private not-for-profit applied science and technology development company headquartered in Columbus Ohio. These two institutions make the city one of the world's leading centers for scientific information distribution. The Ross Products Division of Abbot Laboratories and Ashland Inc. both have large facilities in the Columbus area. Ashland Inc (or simply Ashland) is a Fortune 500 company which operates in more than 100 countries throughout the world McGraw-Hill has large offices within Columbus as well. The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc, ( is a Publicly traded corporation headquartered in Rockefeller Center in New York City.

Many technology companies either call Columbus home or have significant operations in the area. American Electric Power (AEP) has its headquarters in downtown Columbus. The Internet Service Provider CompuServe still has its roots in Columbus, although it has been owned by AOL since 1998. An Internet service provider ( ISP, also called Internet access provider or IAP) is a company which primarily offers their customers access to the Internet CompuServe, ( CompuServe Information Service, also known by its acronym CIS) was the first major commercial Online service in the United States Sterling Commerce, a B2B software company, has its headquarters on the Northwest side. Sterling Commerce is a company that provides business process integration and multi-channel selling and fulfillment solutions to organizations in various industries including Business-to-business ( B2B) is a term commonly used to describe commerce transactions between businesses as opposed to those between businesses and other groups such as Mettler Toledo, a manufacturer of precision scales and scientific equipment is based in the area known as Polaris. Mettler-Toledo ( is a manufacturer of scales and analytical instruments Microsoft also has an office at Polaris. Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational Computer technology Corporation, which rose to dominate the Home computer Abbott Laboratories has a large facility under the name Ross Laboratories near the Convention Center. Abbott Laboratories ( is a diversified pharmaceuticals Health care company There is a strong push toward gaining more research and technology companies in the city. The multi-jurisdictional 315 Research + Technology Corridor was set up in 2006 to promote the area nationally and internationally,^[47] in hopes of achieving something similar to Research Triangle Park in North Carolina. Research Triangle Park ( RTP) is the largest Research park in the United States North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States

Limited Brands (formerly known as The Limited, Inc. Limited Brands (formerly known as The Limited Inc) is an American apparel company based in Columbus Ohio. ) is located on the east side of the city and is the parent company of the retail stores Victoria's Secret, and Bath & Body Works, among others. For the Sonata Arctica single see Victoria's Secret (song Victoria's Secret is an American retailer of women's wear Lingerie and beauty Bath & Body Works, LLC is an American retail store under the Limited Brands umbrella Limited Too is also based in the area. Tween Brands Inc, formerly known as Too Inc, operates two store concepts Limited Too and Justice. Express retail stores are also headquartered in Columbus and were formerly part of Limited Brands. Retail Ventures is headquartered in the capital city. Retail Ventures was originally created in 2003 as a holding company for DSW (NYSE DSW Filene's Basement, and Value City Department Stores They operate stores under the DSW, Filene's Basement, American Signature, Rooms today and Value City banners. DSW Inc ( is a specialty branded footwear retailer headquartered in Columbus Ohio. Filene's Basement, also called The Basement, is a Massachusetts -based chain of Department stores owned by Retail Ventures Inc American Signature is a private company that was founded in 1948 by Jerome Schottenstein in Columbus Ohio. Value City is an American Department store chain with 113 locations that is currently owned by VCHI Acquisition Co Abercrombie & Fitch is also based in Columbus, Ohio. Abercrombie & Fitch ('æbɝkrɒmbiː ænd 'fɪtʃ ( (A&F is an American clothing Retailer.

Three fast food chains are based in Columbus: Charley's Grilled Subs, Steak Escape, and White Castle. Charley's Grilled Subs is a sandwich chain (Philly CheeseSteak with 355 locations in 39 states and 11 countries including Japan, United Arab Emirates, Steak Escape is a restaurant based in Columbus Ohio, USA. It features a wide variety of food and beverage products including the famous Cheesesteaks White Castle is the oldest American Hamburger fast food restaurant chain Cameron Mitchell Restaurants, Bob Evans Restaurants, Max & Erma's, Damon's Grill, and Donatos Pizza are also based in the city. Cameron Mitchell Restaurants is a restaurant company headquartered in Columbus Ohio. Bob Evans Farms Inc, is a food service processing and retail company based in Columbus, Ohio. Max & Erma's ( is a casual dining restaurant chain based in Columbus Ohio. Damon's Grill was founded in 1979 by Irv Rossman Jerry Rossman Sam Massara Joe Mazzola and Joe Nader and is currently headquartered in Columbus Ohio. Donatos Pizza is a " fast casual " restaurant chain founded in 1963 by college sophomore Jim Grote Wendy's operated its first store downtown as both a museum and a restaurant until March 2007 when the establishment was closed due to low revenue. Wendy's is an international chain of Fast food Restaurants founded by Dave Thomas in 1969 in Columbus Ohio. The company is presently headquartered outside the city in nearby Dublin. Dublin is a city in Franklin, Delaware, and Union counties in the U Asian frozen food manufacturer and ex-destination tiki restaurant Kahiki Foods is located on the East side of Columbus.

Worthington Industries, a large steel-processing company, is primarily located on the north side near Worthington. Worthington Industries Inc is a metal processing company with annual sales of approximately $3 billion Historically, Port Columbus International Airport was once home to a North American Aviation factory (later North American/Rockwell). Port Columbus International Airport, commonly shortened to Port Columbus, is an international Airport located 6 miles (10 Kilometers) east of North American Aviation was a major US Aircraft manufacturer, responsible for a number of historic aircraft including the T-6 Texan trainer the Aircraft built in Columbus include the North American F-86 Sabre, A-5 Vigilante, OV-10 Bronco, T-2 Buckeye (named after the state tree, and Ohio State University's mascot), and components for the B-1 bomber, as well as numerous missiles and guidance systems. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout ^[48] Budweiser has a major brewery located on the north side, while Hexion Specialty Chemicals (formerly part of Borden, Inc.) is located downtown. Budweiser is an American-style lager and is one of the most popular beers in the United States. Hexion Specialty Chemicals Inc is a Fortune 500 company based in Columbus Ohio that is the world’s largest producer of binder adhesive coating and ink resins Borden Inc was an American producer of food and beverage products consumer products and industrial products The Ross Products Division of Abbott Laboratories, makers of Ensure nutritional drink and Similac infant formula, is headquartered in Columbus, with over 7,000 employees. Abbott Laboratories ( is a diversified pharmaceuticals Health care company UPS has a large distribution center on the west side of the city. United Parcel Service Inc ( commonly referred to as UPS, is one of the world's largest Package delivery companies

Columbus was also home to Skybus Airlines, a discount carrier which began flying in May 2007 ^[49] and ceased operations on April 5, 2008 ^[50][51]. Skybus Airlines Inc was a privately-held Airline based in Columbus, Ohio, USA. Events 456 - St Patrick returns to Ireland as a missionary bishop 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common

Law and government

See also: List of Mayors of Columbus, Ohio

The government is administered by a mayor and a seven-member unicameral council elected in two classes every two years to four-year terms. This is a list of Mayors of Columbus Ohio, the capital of the state of Ohio and the state's largest city The mayor appoints the director of safety and the director of public service. The people elect the treasurer, auditor, municipal court clerk, municipal court judges and city attorney. In many Governments a treasurer is the person responsible for running the Treasury. The most general definition of an audit is an evaluation of a person organization system process project or product A court clerk ( British English clerk to the court; American English clerk of the court or clerk of court) is an Officer of the A judge, or justice, is an Official who presides over a Court of law A city attorney can be an Elected or appointed position in city and municipal government in the United States. A charter commission, elected in 1913, submitted, in May, 1914, a new charter offering a modified Federal form, with a number of progressive features, such as nonpartisan ballot, preferential voting, recall of elected officials, the referendum, and a small council elected at large. The charter was adopted, effective January 1, 1916. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The current mayor of Columbus is Michael B. Coleman. Michael B Coleman (b November 18, 1954) is an American politician of the Democratic Party and the Mayor of Columbus Ohio

Crime

The City of Columbus is policed by a Municipal Police Department, the Columbus Division of Police. The Columbus Division of Police is the main policing unit for the city of Columbus Ohio. According to Morgan Quitno, in 2006 Columbus was the 9th most dangerous out of 32 cities with a population of 500,000 or more ^[52], though it has never been ranked among top 25 overall. Morgan Quitno Press is a research and publishing company based out of Lawrence, Kansas. This ranking is based on crime statistics compiled by the Federal Bureau of Investigation as weighted by Morgan Quitno's methodology ^[53]. Regarding Morgan Quitno and other ratings, the FBI states that "Each year when Crime in the United States is published, many entities—news media, tourism agencies, and other groups with an interest in crime in our Nation—use reported figures to compile rankings of cities and counties. These rankings, however, are merely a quick choice made by the data user; they provide no insight into the many variables that mold the crime in a particular town, city, county, state, region, or other jurisdiction. Consequently, these rankings lead to simplistic and/or incomplete analyses that often create misleading perceptions adversely affecting cities and counties, along with their residents. "^[54] According to FBI statistics for 2005, Columbus had 102 reported murders and 6,111 total reported violent crimes of all types. ^[55][56]

Education

Colleges and universities

Columbus is the home of two public colleges: The Ohio State University, the largest college campus in the United States and Columbus State Community College. Ohio Stadium (also known as The Horseshoe, simply The ’Shoe and The House Harley Built) is the home of the Buckeyes football College ( Latin collegium) is a term most often used today to denote an Educational Institution. The Ohio State University ( OSU) is a Coeducational public Research university in the state of Ohio. Columbus State Community College commonly referred to as CSCC, was first established in Columbus Ohio as Columbus Technical Institute in 1963 Private institutions located in Columbus include the Columbus College of Art and Design, DeVry University,Ohio Institute of Health Careers, and Franklin University, as well as the religious schools Mount Carmel College of Nursing, Ohio Dominican University, Pontifical College Josephinum, and Trinity Lutheran Seminary. Columbus College of Art & Design aka CCAD is a private college of art and design located in downtown Columbus Ohio. DeVry University and DeVry Institute of Technology are divisions of Devry Inc Ohio Institute of Health Careers, with campus locations in Columbus and Elyria Ohio, provides students with the training needed to begin a career in the Healthcare Franklin University is a private university in downtown Columbus, Ohio, United States, North America. Ohio Dominican University is a Coed, four-year private Roman Catholic Liberal arts University in Columbus Ohio, USA The Pontifical College Josephinum is a four-year Liberal arts college and graduate school of theology founded by Monsignor Joseph Jessing in 1888 and located in Trinity Lutheran Seminary is a ( ELCA) Seminary (a school of theology located in Columbus Ohio, USA. Three major suburban schools also have an influence on Columbus' educational landscape: Bexley's Capital University, Westerville's Otterbein College, and Delaware's Ohio Wesleyan University. Capital University is a private liberal arts University of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America located in Bexley Ohio, founded in 1830 Otterbein College is a private four-year liberal arts college in Westerville Ohio.

Primary and secondary schools

Columbus City Schools (CCS), formerly Columbus Public Schools, is the largest district in Ohio, with 62,000 pupils. Columbus City Schools, formerly known as Columbus Public Schools, is the official school district for the city of Columbus Ohio, and serves most of the city ^[57] CCS operates 142 elementary, middle, and high schools, including a number of alternative schools. See also Primary education An elementary school is an institution where children receive the first stage of Compulsory education known as elementary Middle school or Junior High School serves as a "bridge" between the Elementary School and the High School High school is the name used in some parts of the world (in particular Scotland, North America and Australia) to describe an institution An alternative school (sometimes called a minischool) is an educational establishment with a curriculum and methods that are nontraditional or sometimes ultratraditional The suburbs operate their own districts as well, typically serving students in one or more townships, with districts sometimes crossing municipal boundaries. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Columbus also operates numerous parochial elementary and high schools. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Columbus ( Latin: Dioecesis Columbensis) is a Roman Catholic Diocese in the Ecclesiastical Province of Parochial school is one term used (particularly in the United States) to describe a school that engages in Religious education in addition to conventional Education The second largest school district in the area is South-Western City Schools, which encompasses southwestern Franklin County. There are three large secular private schools in the area.

Some sources claim that the first kindergarten in the United States was established here by Louisa Frankenberg, a former student of Friedrich Froebel. ( German, literally means "children's garden" is a form of education for young children which serves as a transition from home to the commencement of more formal schooling Friedrich Wilhelm August Froebel (also written Fröbel ( April 21, 1782 &ndash June 21, 1852) laid the foundation for modern Education ^[19] Frankenberg immigrated to the city in 1838. In addition, Indianola Junior High School became the nation's first middle school in 1909, helping to bridge the difficult transition from elementary to high school at a time when only 48% of students continued their education after the 9th grade. Indianola Junior High School was the first Junior high school in the United States. Middle school or Junior High School serves as a "bridge" between the Elementary School and the High School Ninth grade (called Grade 9 or Senior 1 or' Year 9 in some regions also known as freshman year in the U ^[58]

Libraries

The Columbus Metropolitan Library has been serving residents of Central Ohio since 1873. The Columbus Metropolitan Library ( CML) was ranked #1 in the United States by Hennen's American Public Library Rating Index for 2005 With a collection of 3 million items, the system has 22 locations throughout the area. This library is one of the most-used library systems in the country and is consistently among the top-ranked large city libraries according to "Hennen’s American Public Library Ratings" . ^[59][60]

Culture

See also: List of people associated with Columbus, Ohio

Landmarks

Columbus is home to several notable buildings, including the Greek-Revival State Capitol, the art-deco Ohio Judicial Center and the Peter Eisenman-designed Wexner Center and Greater Columbus Convention Center. This is a list of notable people whose lives were significantly associated with Columbus Ohio. Peter Eisenman (born August 11, 1932 in Newark, New Jersey) is an American architect The Wexner Center for the Arts is a Contemporary art gallery and "research laboratory" for the Arts at The Ohio State University The Greater Columbus Convention Center is a Convention center located in downtown Columbus Ohio, United States, along the east side of High Street Other buildings of interest include the Rhodes State Office Tower, LeVeque Tower, and One Nationwide Plaza. The James A Rhodes State Office Tower is a skyscraper located in Columbus Ohio. LeVeque Tower is a 47-story Art Deco -style building in Columbus Ohio. One Nationwide Plaza is a 40-story Skyscraper in Columbus Ohio that is the headquarters of Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company.

The Ohio Statehouse construction began in 1839 on a 10 acre (40,000-m²) plot of land donated by four prominent Columbus landowners. The Ohio Statehouse, located in Columbus Ohio, is the seat of government for the state of Ohio. This plot formed Capitol Square, which was not part of the original layout of the city. Built of Columbus limestone from the Marble Cliff Quarry Co., the Statehouse stands on foundations 18 feet (5 m) deep, laid by prison labor gangs rumored to have been comprised largely of masons jailed for minor infractions. Limestone is a Sedimentary rock composed largely of the Mineral Calcite ( Calcium carbonate: CaCO3 The Marble Cliff Quarry Co, headquartered in Upper Arlington Ohio, operated the country's largest Limestone Quarry from its opening in the mid-1800s until Penal labour or penal servitude is a form of Unfree labour. The term may refer to two different notions labour as a form of punishment and labour as a form of occupation Masonry is the building of structures from individual units laid in and bound together by mortar, and the term "masonry" can also refer to the units themselves ^[61] The Statehouse features a central recessed porch with a colonnade of a forthright and primitive Greek Doric mode. A porch is a structure attached to a building forming a covered entrance to a vestibule or doorway In Classical architecture, a colonnade denotes a long sequence of Columns joined by their Entablature, often free-standing as in the famous elliptically The Doric order was one of the three '''orders''' or organizational systems of Ancient Greek or Classical architecture; the other two Canonical A broad and low central pediment supports the windowed astylar drum under an invisibly low saucer dome that lights the interior rotunda. Astylar (from Gr a-, privative and vrukos, a column is an Architectural term given to a class of design in which neither Columns nor A dome is a common structural element of Architecture that resembles the hollow upper half of a Sphere. A rotunda is any building with a circular ground plan often covered by a Dome. Unlike many U. S. state capitol buildings, the Ohio State Capitol owes little to the architecture of the national Capitol. During the long course of the Statehouse's 22 years of construction, seven architects were employed. Relations between the legislature and the architects were not always cordial: Nathan B. Kelly, who introduced heating and an ingenious system of natural forced ventilation, was dismissed because the commissioners found his designs too lavish for the original intentions of the committee. The Statehouse was opened to the legislature and the public in 1857 and finally completed in 1861. It is located at the intersection of Broad and High Streets in downtown Columbus.

Founded in 1975, The Jefferson Center for Learning and the Arts is a campus of nonprofit organizations and a center for research, publications, and seminars on nonprofit leadership and governance. Located at the eastern edge of downtown Columbus, Ohio, The Jefferson Center has restored eleven turn-of-the-century homes, including the childhood residence of James Thurber. James Grover Thurber ( December 8, 1894 &ndash November 2, 1961) was an American Humorist and Cartoonist. These locations are used for nonprofits in human services, education and the arts. The center recently obtained a twelfth property to renovate. ^[62]

A to-scale replica of the Santa Maria is found on the Scioto Riverfront. The Santa María was the largest of the three Ships used by Christopher Columbus in his first voyage across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492 It was installed in 1992 to commemorate the 500-year anniversary of the discovery of America by Columbus' namesake. Christopher Columbus (1451 &ndash May 20 1506 was an Italian Navigator, colonizer

Within the Driving Park heritage district lies the original home of Eddie Rickenbacker the famous WWI fighter pilot ace. Driving Park is an urban residential area on the near east side of Columbus Ohio just south of Interstate 70 Edward Vernon Rickenbacker (October 8 1890 &ndash July 27 1973 was an American fighter ace in World War I and Medal of Honor recipient Current reconstruction of the home is underway.

Established in 1848, Green Lawn Cemetery is one of the largest cemeteries in the Midwestern United States. Green Lawn Cemetery is a large and historically significant burial ground in Central Ohio, United States

Museums

The Columbus Museum of Art opened in 1931, and has a collection focusing on European and American art up to early modernism. The Columbus Museum of Art, which opened on January 22, 1931, is an historic Art museum located at 480 East Broad Street in downtown Columbus Modernism describes an array of Cultural movements rooted in the changes in Western society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century The Wexner Center for the Arts, a contemporary art gallery and research facility, is located on the Campus of the Ohio State University. The Wexner Center for the Arts is a Contemporary art gallery and "research laboratory" for the Arts at The Ohio State University The Ohio State University ( OSU) is a Coeducational public Research university in the state of Ohio. Also on campus is the Ohio State University Athletics Hall of Fame, located in the Jerome Schottenstein Center (home of the OSU basketball and men's ice hockey teams), as well as the Jack Nicklaus museum next door. Jerome Schottenstein Center (aka The Schott) is located at the corner of Olentangy River Road and Lane Avenue in Columbus Ohio. For his detailed statistics records and other achievements see List of career achievements by Jack Nicklaus.

Located in Franklin Park, the Franklin Park Conservatory is a botanical garden which opened in 1895. The Franklin Park Conservatory is a Botanical garden and conservatory located in Columbus Ohio. ^[63] Renovated in 1992, it was home to the horticultural festival AmeriFlora '92. AmeriFlora '92 was an international Horticultural exhibition held in Columbus Ohio, United States from April 20 to October 12, In 2004, it was loaned a large collection of Dale Chihuly glass sculpture, which was subsequently purchased and is now a permanent collection. Dale Patrick Chihuly (b September 20, 1941 in Tacoma Washington, U

COSI, (Center of Science and Industry), is a large science museum. COSI, formerly known as the Center of Science and Industry, is a Science museum in Columbus Ohio, in the United States. The present building, the former Central High School, was completed in November 1999, opposite downtown on the west bank of the Scioto River.

The Ohio Historical Society is headquartered in Columbus, with its flagship museum, the 250,000-square-foot (23,000-m²) Ohio Historical Center, located 4 miles (6 km) north of downtown. The Ohio Historical Society is a Non-profit organization incorporated in 1885 "to promote a knowledge of Archaeology and Along with the museum is Ohio Village, a replica of a village around the time of the American Civil War. Ohio Village is a Living history Museum in Columbus, Ohio, United States.

The Kelton House is a museum devoted to Victorian life. Built in 1852, it was home to three generations of the Kelton Family and was a documented station on the Underground Railroad. The Underground Railroad was an informal network of secret routes and Safe houses used by 19th century Black slaves in the United States

Parks and outdoor attractions

The Columbus and Franklin County Metropolitan Park District includes Inniswood Metro Gardens, a collection of public gardens; Highbanks Metro Park; Battelle-Darby Creek Metro Park; as well as many others. The Metro Parks are a group of 14 metropolitan parks near Columbus Ohio. The Inniswood Botanical Garden and Nature Preserve (123 acres more commonly known as Inniswood Metro Gardens, is a Botanical garden and nature preserve located at The Big Darby Creek in the southwestern part of town is considered to be especially significant for its beauty and ecological diversity ^[64]. Clintonville is home to Whetstone Park, which includes the Park of Roses, a beautiful 13 acre rose garden. The Chadwick Arboretum is located on the OSU campus, and features a large and varied collection of plants. Chadwick Arboretum is a 60 acre (24 ha Arboretum on the Agriculture campus of The Ohio State University, in Columbus Ohio, USA Downtown, the famous painting Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte is represented in topiary at Columbus's Old Deaf School Park. A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte - 1884 ( Un dimanche après-midi à l'Île de la Grande Jatte - 1884) is Georges Seurat 's most famous Topiary is the art of creating Sculptures in the medium of clipped Trees, Shrubs and Sub-shrubs The word derives from the Latin Also near downtown, a new Metro Park on the Whittier Peninsula is scheduled to open in 2008. The park will include a large Audubon nature center focused on the excellent bird watching that the area is known for. ^[65]

The Columbus Zoo and Aquarium is world renowned for its collections that include lowland gorillas, manatees, Siberian tigers, cheetahs, and kangaroos. The Columbus Zoo and Aquarium is a Non-profit Zoo located in Powell Ohio ( Liberty Township / Delaware County) just north of Its director emeritus, Jack Hanna, frequently appears on national television, including on The Tonight Show and The Late Show with David Letterman. John Bushnell Hanna, known as Jack Hanna (born January 2, 1947 in Knoxville Tennessee) is an American zoo keeper who is the The Tonight Show with Jay Leno as appropriate --> The Tonight Show is a long-running The Late Show with David Letterman is an Emmy Award -winning American late-night Talk show hosted by David Letterman on CBS Also in the zoo complex is the Zoombezi Bay water park and amusement park, which is currently under construction and scheduled to open in May 2008. Zoombezi Bay is a water park owned by the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium off of Riverside Drive in Columbus Ohio. See List of waterparks (for a list of all waterparks in the world A waterpark is an Amusement park that features waterplay areas such Theme park is the generic term for a collection of rides and other Entertainment attractions assembled for the purpose of entertaining a large group

Named a "Great Garden City" by Organic Gardening magazine (June/July 2006 issue), there are over 60 community gardens, as well as many farmers markets featuring local foods.

Performing arts

Columbus is the home of many renowned performing arts institutions, including Opera Columbus, BalletMet, the Columbus Symphony Orchestra, the Contemporary American Theatre Company (CATCO), Shadowbox Cabaret and the Columbus Jazz Orchestra. The Columbus Symphony Orchestra is a symphony orchestra of the United States, based in Columbus Ohio. Throughout the summer, the Actors' Theatre offers free performances of Shakespearean plays in an open-air amphitheatre located in German Village. William Shakespeare ( baptised An amphitheatre (alternatively amphitheater) is an open-air venue for spectator sports concerts rallies or theatrical performances German Village is a historic neighborhood just south of downtown Columbus, Ohio. The Columbus Gay Men's Chorus is also a vibrant part of the arts community, and showcases the city's diversity.

There are numerous large concert venues in Columbus, including arenas such as Nationwide Arena, Value City Arena, and Germain Amphitheatre. Nationwide Arena is a Sports and entertainment arena in Columbus Ohio. Jerome Schottenstein Center (aka The Schott) is located at the corner of Olentangy River Road and Lane Avenue in Columbus Ohio. The Germain Amphitheater &mdashrenamed from the previous Polaris Amphitheater following a sponsorship deal with the Germain Motor Company in 2003&mdashwas a 20000-seat outdoor The Lifestyle Communities Pavilion (the LC for short) (formerly the PromoWest Pavilion), Veterans Memorial auditorium, and the Newport Music Hall, round out the city's music performance spaces. Lifestyle Communities Pavilion (formerly "Promowest Pavilion is an indoor-outdoor concert venue in Columbus Ohio. The Newport Music Hall is a Music venue located at 1722 North High Street Columbus Ohio across the street from the Ohio Union of The Ohio State University Recently, funding has been allocated to renovate the Lincoln Theatre, which was formerly a center for Black culture in Columbus. ^[66][67] Not far from the Lincoln Theatre is the King Arts Complex, which hosts various cultural events. The city also has a number of theatres downtown, including the historic Palace Theatre, the Ohio Theatre, the Southern Theatre, and the Riffe Center which houses The Capitol Theatre as well as two studio theatres. LeVeque Tower is a 47-story Art Deco -style building in Columbus Ohio. This article is about the theater in Columbus Ohio For other uses see Ohio Theatre. Much of the growth in entertainment capacity in Columbus has been recent. The construction of the Crew Stadium, Nationwide Arena, Value City Arena, the Greater Columbus Convention Center, and the Lifestyle Communities Pavilion are all projects completed since 1990.

Columbus's Somali diaspora population has also become home to a growing film industry, earning the city the nickname "Somaliwood". The Somali civil war led to the Somali Diaspora, where most of the best educated Somalis left for Northern Europe, The Middle East, and North America Somaliwood is an informal name for the Somali-language film industry that has developed in the diaspora community of Columbus Ohio, centered around the ^[68]

Sports

Columbus is home to The Ohio State Buckeyes college football team. The Columbus Blue Jackets are a professional Ice hockey team based in Columbus, Ohio, United States. The Ohio State Buckeyes football team is an intercollegiate varsity sports team of The Ohio State University. American football, known in the United States and Canada simply as football, is a competitive Team sport known for mixing strategy with The team is a member of the NCAA's Big Ten Conference, and plays home games at Ohio Stadium. The National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA, often pronounced "N-C-Double-A" is a voluntary association of about 1200 institutions conferences organizations Ohio Stadium (also known as The Horseshoe, simply The ’Shoe and The House Harley Built) is the home of the Buckeyes football The OSU-Michigan football game is the final game of the regular season and is played in November each year, alternating between Columbus and Ann Arbor, Michigan. The Ohio State University 's intercollegiate sports teams and players are called the "Buckeyes" (after the state tree the Buckeye) and participate in the NCAA The University of Michigan Ann Arbor ( U of M, U-M, UM or simply Michigan) is a top-ranked Coeducational public research Ann Arbor is a city in the US state of Michigan and the county seat of Washtenaw County. Michigan ( is a Midwestern state of the United States of America. ESPN has recognized the OSU-Michigan rivalry as the greatest rivalry in all of sports in the USA. ESPN, originally an acronym for Entertainment and Sports Programming Network, is an American Cable television network dedicated to ^[69] Moreover, "Buckeye fever" permeates Columbus culture year-round and forms a major part of Columbus's cultural identity. During the winter months, the Buckeyes basketball team is also a major sporting attraction.

Columbus has professional sports teams in hockey, soccer, arena football, and minor league baseball. Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered This article is about the sport of Arena Football See Arena Football (video game for the EA Sports Video game of the same name Part of the History of baseball series Minor league baseball is a hierarchy of Professional baseball leagues in North The Columbus Blue Jackets of the National Hockey League and Columbus Destroyers of the Arena Football League both play at Nationwide Arena. The Columbus Blue Jackets are a professional Ice hockey team based in Columbus, Ohio, United States. The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America The Columbus Destroyers are an Arena Football League team The Destroyers franchise was founded in Buffalo New York in 1999, and have played in Columbus The Arena Football League (AFL was founded in 1987 as an American football indoor league. Nationwide Arena is a Sports and entertainment arena in Columbus Ohio. The Columbus Crew of Major League Soccer play at their own stadium, Columbus Crew Stadium, which was the first Soccer-specific stadium built in the United States, and has played host to many events, including world cup qualifiers and the US national team. The Columbus Crew is a professional soccer club based in Columbus Ohio that participates in Major League Soccer. Major League Soccer ( MLS) is the top-flight professional Soccer league in the United States and Canada with 14 teams 13 in the U Columbus Crew Stadium is a Soccer-specific stadium in Columbus Ohio. Soccer-specific stadium (or football-specific stadium) is a term used mainly in the United States and Canada, coined by Lamar Hunt, to refer The Columbus Clippers, Triple A affiliate of the Washington Nationals (formerly a long-time affiliate of the New York Yankees through 2006), currently host their games at Cooper Stadium but are beginning construction on a new ballpark in the Arena District named Huntington Park, currently scheduled to open in April, 2009. The Columbus Clippers are a Minor league baseball team based in Columbus, Ohio. The International League ( IL) is a Minor league baseball league which operates in the eastern United States. The Washington Nationals is an American professional baseball team based in Washington D The New York Yankees are a professional baseball team based in the borough of The Bronx, in New York City, New York. Cooper Stadium is a Baseball stadium in Columbus Ohio and was the home of the Columbus Clippers from 1977 to 2008 Huntington Park will be the new stadium for the Columbus Clippers, a Triple-A Minor league baseball From 1985 to 1988, Columbus hosted major league auto racing, with the IMSA Columbus Ford Dealers 500. Auto racing (also known as automobile racing, motor racing or car racing) is a Motorsport involving Racing Cars It The International Motor Sports Association (generally referred to as IMSA) is an American Auto racing sanctioning body based in Braselton Georgia

Columbus hosts the annual Arnold Classic fitness expo and competition in late February. The Arnold Classic, renamed Arnold Fitness Weekend is an annual Bodybuilding Competition, named after Arnold Schwarzenegger, that takes place in late Hosted by Arnold Schwarzenegger , the event has grown to eight Olympic sports and 12,000 athletes competing in 20 world-class events. Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger ( German ˌaɐnɔlt aloʏs ˈʃvaɐtsənɛɡɐ born July 30 1947 is an Austrian American Bodybuilder, Actor The annual All American Quarter Horse Congress, the largest single breed horse show in the world, is held at the Ohio Expo Center each October.

Fairs and festivals

Annual festivities in Columbus include the Ohio State Fair—one of the largest state fairs in the country— as well as the Columbus Arts Festival and the Jazz and Ribs Festival, both of which occur on the downtown riverfront. The Ohio State Fair is one of the largest state fairs in the United States. ComFest (short for "Community Festival") is an immense three-day music festival, the largest un-commercial festival in the US, in Goodale Park (just north of downtown Columbus and adjacent to the Short North) with art vendors and live musicians on multiple stages, hundreds of local social and political organizations, body painting and beer. ComFest (officially The Community Festival) is an annual Festival currently held at Goodale Park in the Short North area of Columbus Ohio Coinciding with the weekend of ComFest(in no way connected with ComFest) is the large Gay Pride Parade, reflective of the sizeable gay population in Columbus. LGBT pride or gay pride refers to a world wide movement and philosophy asserting that LGBT ( Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Another notable festival is the Hot Times festival, held annually in Columbus's historic Olde Towne East neighborhood – a celebration of music, arts, food, and diversity. Olde Towne East is a multi-cultural neighborhood located in the historical Near East Side of Columbus Ohio.

Around the Fourth of July, Columbus hosts Red, White, and Boom, the largest fireworks display in the Midwest on the Scioto riverfront downtown to crowds of over 500,000 people, as well as the popular Doo Dah Parade, a nonsensical satire of ordinary parades. Red White & Boom is the name of a number of annual Fireworks shows in the United States, held on or near July 4 to celebrate the nation's Independence The Doo Dah Parade is a popular farcical and flamboyant Parade held in Pasadena California about once a year usually in the fall or winter ^[70]

During Memorial Day Weekend, Columbus holds the popular Asian Festival in Franklin Park. Hundreds of restaurants, vendors, and companies open up booths, traditional music and martial arts are performed, and cultural exhibits are set up. In recent years, attendees have numbered over 100,000. Marcon, one of the oldest and largest Science Fiction conventions in the country, is held over the Memorial Day weekend downtown. Marcon is a Full-Spectrum Fantasy & Science Fiction convention based in Columbus Ohio, normally held over the Memorial Day weekend

Each June, the Park of Roses in Clintonville holds its annual "Rose Festival" featuring 13 acres of blooming roses. Festival Latino is held in June and celebrates Latino culture with music, food and activities. This free event is held downtown and draws over 300,000. Also in June is the historic Juneteenth Celebration in Franklin Park. It commemorates the announcement of the abolition of slavery in Texas. The holiday originated in Galveston, Texas; for more than a century, the state of Texas was the primary home of Juneteenth celebrations. The weekend celebration draws out many community activists, organizations and families in the Franklin Park area.

The Jazz and Rib Fest is a free downtown event held each July featuring jazz artists and rib vendors from around the country.

The Origins Game Fair is held at the Greater Columbus Convention Center in late June/early July, featuring board games, card games, miniatures games and role-playing games from all over the world. Origins Game Fair is one of North America 's most prominent annual gaming conventions second in size only to Gen Con.

The Short North is host to the monthly "Gallery Hop", which attracts hundreds to the neighborhood's art galleries (which all open their doors to the public until late at night) and street musicians. The Hilltop Bean Dinner is an annual event held on Columbus' West Side that celebrates the city's Civil War heritage near the historic Camp Chase Cemetery. At the end of September, German Village throws an annual Oktoberfest celebration that features authentic German food, beer, music, and crafts. German Village is a historic neighborhood just south of downtown Columbus, Ohio. The Oktoberfest is a two-week festival held each year in Munich, Germany during late September and early October

Columbus also hosts many conventions in the Greater Columbus Convention Center, a pastel-colored deconstructivist building on the north edge of downtown that resembles jumbled blocks, or a train yard from overhead. Deconstructivism in architecture also called deconstruction, is a development of Postmodern architecture that began in the late 1980s The convention center was designed by famed architect Peter Eisenman, who also designed the aforementioned Wexner Center. Peter Eisenman (born August 11, 1932 in Newark, New Jersey) is an American architect Completed in 1993, the convention center now is 1,700,000 square feet (158,000 m²). ^[71]

Media

Columbus's sole remaining daily newspaper is the Columbus Dispatch; its erstwhile main competitor, the Columbus Citizen-Journal, ceased publication on December 31, 1985. The Columbus Dispatch is a daily Newspaper, based in Columbus Ohio, that serves the central portion of the state The Columbus Citizen-Journal was a Scripps Howard publication in Columbus Ohio. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. Year 1985 ( MCMLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar) There are also a number of weekly newspapers, including neighborhood/suburb specific papers such as Suburban News Publications which serves 23 suburbs and Columbus; The Daily Reporter, central Ohio's only daily business and legal newspaper; ThisWeek; and "alternative" arts/culture/politics-oriented papers such as The Other Paper and aLIVE (formerly the independent Columbus Alive, and now owned by the Columbus Dispatch). The Other Paper is an Alternative weekly news publication servicing the Greater Columbus Ohio area C-BUS Magazine, C Magazine, CityScene, and Columbus Monthly are the city's magazines. Columbus Monthly is a monthly magazine from Columbus Ohio. Political leaning Columbus Monthly's perspective on social and political issues is decidedly The city's business community is also served by Columbus Business First, a weekly business publication that is part of the Charlotte-based American City Business Journals, which have business papers in cities across the U. Advance Publications Inc, is an American media company owned by the descendants of S S.

Among Columbus's radio stations are WTVN (610) and WBNS (1460), both among the oldest AM stations in the country; WOSU (820 AM) and WOSU-FM (89. WTVN is a full-service AM radio station in Columbus Ohio located at 610 kHz WBNS is an AM radio station that broadcasts from Columbus Ohio. WOSU is an AM radio station in Columbus Ohio, located at 820 kHz WOSU 897 FM is a National Public Radio news and classical music Radio station based in Columbus Ohio. 7 FM), operated by The Ohio State University; WCBE (90. (905 FM) is a public Radio station in Columbus Ohio that began broadcasting in 1956 5 FM), a National Public Radio affiliate run by the Columbus Board of Education; WCOL (92. WCOL-FM (923 FM, "Continuous Country Favorites 923" is a Country music Radio station in Columbus Ohio owned by Clear Channel 3 FM), a country music station; WLVQ (96. WLVQ is an FM radio station in Columbus Ohio, United States, broadcasting on 96 3 FM), a long-running classic-rock station; WWCD (101. WWCD (1011 FM) known as "CD1011 FM" is an American Radio station whose transmitter and license is in Grove City Ohio. 1 FM), Columbus's locally-owned alternative rock station; WUFM (88. 7 FM) "Radio U", WRKZ (99. For the station that was once WRKZ please see WBZW in Pittsburgh WRKZ (99 7 FM) "The Rock", a modern rock station, WNCI (97. WNCI (979 FM) is a radio station in Columbus Ohio. Its official print brand identifier is WNCI 97 9 FM), WJZA (103. WJZA is an FM radio station in Pickerington Ohio broadcasting on 103 5 and 104. 3 FM) a local smooth jazz radio station, WCKX (107. WCKX is a Rhythmic / Urban Radio station in Columbus Ohio, currently owned by Radio One. 5 FM) an Urban, hip hop and R&B station.

Columbus's television stations include WCMH 4 (NBC), WSYX 6 (ABC), WBNS 10 (CBS), WTTE 28 (Fox), WOSU 34 (PBS), Columbus Sports Network, WSFJ 51 (a Christian-oriented station), and WWHO 53 (The CW). WCMH-TV, channel 4 is a television station in Columbus Ohio, affiliated with the NBC television network and owned by Media General. The National Broadcasting Company ( NBC) is an American Television network headquartered in the GE Building in New York City's For other ABC channels that are also number channel 6 see ABC 6. The American Broadcasting Company ( ABC) is an American Television network. WBNS-TV ("10TV" is the CBS television affiliate for Columbus and central Ohio. CBS Broadcasting Inc ( CBS) is an American radio and Television network. WTTE ("Fox 28" is the Fox affiliate in Columbus Ohio. WOSU-TV (channel 34 is an American Television station located in Columbus, Ohio, affiliated with the Public Broadcasting Service. The Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS) is a Non-profit Public broadcasting Television service with 354 member TV stations in the Columbus Sports Network (CSN was a cable and Broadcast television station exclusive to the Columbus Ohio market that launched on March 24 WSFJ-TV is a Trinity Broadcasting Network -owned and operated television station in Columbus Ohio, licensed to Newark. WWHO is the Columbus Ohio television affiliate for The CW television network The CW Television Network ( The CW) is a Television network in the United States launched at the beginning of the 2006-2007 television season. Columbus was also the birthplace of the Pinwheel Network in 1979. ^[72] The channel then turned into the world-famous Nickelodeon cable network in 1981 and now is the global force in children's television. Nickelodeon (commonly referred to as Nick) is an American Cable television network owned by Viacom International, founded in 1977 as Pinwheel Children's television series are Television programs designed for and marketed to Children normally broadcast during the Morning and Afternoon

Sister cities

Columbus has ten sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International. Sister Cities International is a Non-profit organization dedicated to promoting and fostering Town twinning, especially between cities in the United States Columbus established its first Sister City relationship in 1955 with Genoa, Italy. Genoa ( Genova, ˈdʒɛːnova in Italian; Zena in Genoese and Ligurian; Genua in Latin and archaically in English Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest To commemorate this relationship, Columbus received as a gift from the people of Genoa a bronze statue of Christopher Columbus. Christopher Columbus (1451 &ndash May 20 1506 was an Italian Navigator, colonizer The statue, sculpted by artist Edoardo Alfieri, overlooks Broad Street in front of Columbus City Hall. Edoardo Alfieri ( Foggia, Italy 1913 - Sanremo, Italy 1998 was an Italian Sculptor. ^[73]

– Ahmedabad, India,[74] – Dresden, Germany – Genoa, Italy – Hefei, the People's Republic of China – Herzliya, Israel - Kumasi, Ghana[75] – Odense, Denmark – Seville, Spain – Tainan City, Taiwan (ROC)[76] - Zapopan, Mexico

External links

• Official city website
• Experience Columbus Columbus Convention and Visitor Bureau
• My Columbus: Rediscover "The Discovery City"
• Columbus History through Postcards

References

Columbus, Ohio

General: Airport Authority | Climate | Diocese of Columbus | Downtown | Hospitals | Mayor | Metroparks | Columbus, Ohio Metropolitan Area | Neighborhoods Neighborhoods: Arena District | Berwick | The Bottoms | Brewery District | Cherry Creek | Clintonville | Downtown | Driving Park | German Village | Harrison West | Hilltop | Italian Village | King-Lincoln District | Linden | Mount Vernon | Near East Side | Old Oaks Historic District | San Margherita | Short North | South End | Ohio State University Area | Olde Towne East | Olentangy | Victorian Village | Westgate Media: The Columbus Dispatch | WCMH 4 | WSYX 6 | WBNS 10 | WTTE 28 | WOSU 34 | WSFJ 51 | WWHO 53 | Buckeye TV | Ohio News Network Transportation: Central Ohio Transit Authority (COTA) | Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railway | Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati Railroad | Columbus and Xenia Railroad | Columbus Union Station Airports: Bolton Field Airport | Don Scott Airport | Port Columbus International Airport | Rickenbacker International Airport Attractions: Columbus Metropolitan Library | Columbus Museum of Art | Columbus Zoo | COSI | Franklin Park Conservatory | Goodale Park | Greater Columbus Convention Center | Jerome Schottenstein Center | LeVeque Tower | Lifestyle Communities Pavilion | Lincoln Theatre | Marble Cliff Quarry Co. | Nationwide Arena | Newport Music Hall | North Market | Ohio Historical Center | Ohio Stadium | Ohio State Capitol Ohio Theatre | Olentangy Indian Caverns | One Nationwide Plaza | Palace Theatre | Rhodes State Office Tower | Wexner Center for the Arts | Zoombezi Bay Shopping Malls: Columbus City Center | Easton Town Center | The Mall at Tuttle Crossing | Polaris Fashion Place Colleges & universities: Capital University | Columbus College of Art and Design | Columbus State Community College Devry University | Franklin University | Ohio Dominican University | Otterbein College | Pontifical College Josephinum | The Ohio State University | Trinity Lutheran Seminary Counties Delaware | Fairfield | Franklin Suburbs Amlin | Bexley | Brice | Blacklick | Canal Winchester | Delaware | Dublin | Gahanna | Grandview Heights | Grove City | Groveport | Harrisburg | Hilliard | Lewis Center | Lockbourne | Marble Cliff | Marysville | Minerva | New Albany | New Rome | Obetz | Pataskala | Pickerington | Powell | Reynoldsburg | Riverlea | Shawnee Hills | Urbancrest | Unionville Center | Upper Arlington | Valleyview | Westerville | Whitehall | Worthington

The Columbus Regional Airport Authority (CRAA oversees the operations of Port Columbus International Airport, Rickenbacker International Airport and Bolton Field The Climate of Columbus Ohio is similar to nearby cities of Chicago Illinois and Toledo Ohio. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Columbus ( Latin: Dioecesis Columbensis) is a Roman Catholic Diocese in the Ecclesiastical Province of Downtown Columbus is the Central Business District of Columbus, Ohio, United States. List of Hospitals in Ohio ( US state) sorted by county and name of hospital or medical center Michael B Coleman (b November 18, 1954) is an American politician of the Democratic Party and the Mayor of Columbus Ohio The Metro Parks are a group of 14 metropolitan parks near Columbus Ohio. "Columbus metropolitan area" redirects here For the area in the U There are hundreds of neighborhoods in Columbus Ohio. Some are hard to define as they encompass large areas developed at different times often with sub-neighborhoods within The Arena District is a 75-acre mixed-use urban infill master planned development located in downtown Columbus, Ohio. The Bottoms is a neighborhood in Columbus Ohio. It is the area immediately west of Downtown Columbus. The Brewery District is a neighborhood located in Columbus Ohio, USA. Cherry Creek is a neighborhood on the westside of Columbus, Ohio. Downtown Columbus is the Central Business District of Columbus, Ohio, United States. Driving Park is an urban residential area on the near east side of Columbus Ohio just south of Interstate 70 German Village is a historic neighborhood just south of downtown Columbus, Ohio. Harrison West is a historic urban neighborhood located north and near west of downtown Columbus Ohio. Hilltop is a geographic area of Columbus, Ohio on the west side of the city Linden is a neighborhood in the northeastern part of Columbus Ohio. Mount Vernon is a predominantly African-American historic neighborhood in Columbus, Ohio, United States. The Near East Side is an area made up several historic neighborhoods on the east side of Columbus Ohio. Old Oaks is a Historic District that is located just east of downtown Columbus Ohio San Margherita is an unincorporated Neighborhood of Columbus Ohio that may be in danger of vanishing The Short North is a neighborhood in Columbus, Ohio, United States, centered on the main strip of High Street immediately north of downtown and extending The University Area (or University District) is a area located two miles (3 km north of Downtown Columbus Ohio that is home to the main campus of The Ohio Olde Towne East is a multi-cultural neighborhood located in the historical Near East Side of Columbus Ohio. Olentangy is a neighborhood in Columbus, Ohio, United States, in Franklin County. Victorian Village is a neighborhood located north and near west of downtown Columbus Ohio, USA. Westgate is a community within the Greater Hilltop area of Columbus, located between West Broad Street and Sullivant Avenue. The Columbus Dispatch is a daily Newspaper, based in Columbus Ohio, that serves the central portion of the state WCMH-TV, channel 4 is a television station in Columbus Ohio, affiliated with the NBC television network and owned by Media General. For other ABC channels that are also number channel 6 see ABC 6. WBNS-TV ("10TV" is the CBS television affiliate for Columbus and central Ohio. WTTE ("Fox 28" is the Fox affiliate in Columbus Ohio. WOSU-TV (channel 34 is an American Television station located in Columbus, Ohio, affiliated with the Public Broadcasting Service. WSFJ-TV is a Trinity Broadcasting Network -owned and operated television station in Columbus Ohio, licensed to Newark. WWHO is the Columbus Ohio television affiliate for The CW television network Buckeye TV is the Student television station of The Ohio State University. Onn is the Irish name of the seventeenth letter of the Ogham alphabet ᚑ meaning " Ash-tree " which is related to Welsh onn(en The Cleveland Cincinnati Chicago and St Louis Railway, also known as the Big Four Railroad and commonly abbreviated CCC&StL, was a Railroad company in The Cleveland Columbus and Cincinnati Railroad was the second railroad to enter Columbus Ohio. The Columbus and Xenia Railroad was the first railroad to operate in Columbus Ohio. Columbus Union Station and its predecessors served railroad passengers in Columbus Ohio from February 27 1850, until April 28 1977 Bolton Field is a public Airport located eight miles (13 km) southwest of the Central business district of Columbus, a city in Franklin Ohio State University Airport is a public Airport located six miles (10 km) northwest of the Central business district of Columbus, a city Port Columbus International Airport, commonly shortened to Port Columbus, is an international Airport located 6 miles (10 Kilometers) east of Rickenbacker International Airport is a joint civil-military public Airport located 10 miles (16 km) south of the Central business district of The Columbus Metropolitan Library ( CML) was ranked #1 in the United States by Hennen's American Public Library Rating Index for 2005 The Columbus Museum of Art, which opened on January 22, 1931, is an historic Art museum located at 480 East Broad Street in downtown Columbus The Columbus Zoo and Aquarium is a Non-profit Zoo located in Powell Ohio ( Liberty Township / Delaware County) just north of COSI, formerly known as the Center of Science and Industry, is a Science museum in Columbus Ohio, in the United States. The Franklin Park Conservatory is a Botanical garden and conservatory located in Columbus Ohio. Goodale Park is a public park in the Victorian Village area of Columbus, Ohio, United States. The Greater Columbus Convention Center is a Convention center located in downtown Columbus Ohio, United States, along the east side of High Street Jerome Schottenstein Center (aka The Schott) is located at the corner of Olentangy River Road and Lane Avenue in Columbus Ohio. LeVeque Tower is a 47-story Art Deco -style building in Columbus Ohio. Lifestyle Communities Pavilion (formerly "Promowest Pavilion is an indoor-outdoor concert venue in Columbus Ohio. The Marble Cliff Quarry Co, headquartered in Upper Arlington Ohio, operated the country's largest Limestone Quarry from its opening in the mid-1800s until Nationwide Arena is a Sports and entertainment arena in Columbus Ohio. The Newport Music Hall is a Music venue located at 1722 North High Street Columbus Ohio across the street from the Ohio Union of The Ohio State University The North Market is an indoor market located in Columbus, Ohio, USA. The Ohio Historical Society is a Non-profit organization incorporated in 1885 "to promote a knowledge of Archaeology and Ohio Stadium (also known as The Horseshoe, simply The ’Shoe and The House Harley Built) is the home of the Buckeyes football The Ohio Statehouse, located in Columbus Ohio, is the seat of government for the state of Ohio. This article is about the theater in Columbus Ohio For other uses see Ohio Theatre. One Nationwide Plaza is a 40-story Skyscraper in Columbus Ohio that is the headquarters of Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company. LeVeque Tower is a 47-story Art Deco -style building in Columbus Ohio. The James A Rhodes State Office Tower is a skyscraper located in Columbus Ohio. The Wexner Center for the Arts is a Contemporary art gallery and "research laboratory" for the Arts at The Ohio State University Zoombezi Bay is a water park owned by the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium off of Riverside Drive in Columbus Ohio. Columbus City Center (known locally as City Center is a nearly vacant, three-level shopping center in Columbus Ohio. Easton Town Center ("Easton" is a large mixed-use center in Columbus Ohio, United States. The Mall at Tuttle Crossing is a shopping center located in Columbus Ohio, USA near the suburb of Dublin. Polaris CIMG9490JPG|thumb|right|230px|Polaris Fashion Place entrance sign in December 2006]] Polaris Fashion Place, opened on October 25, 2001, is a two Capital University is a private liberal arts University of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America located in Bexley Ohio, founded in 1830 Columbus College of Art & Design aka CCAD is a private college of art and design located in downtown Columbus Ohio. Columbus State Community College commonly referred to as CSCC, was first established in Columbus Ohio as Columbus Technical Institute in 1963 DeVry University and DeVry Institute of Technology are divisions of Devry Inc Franklin University is a private university in downtown Columbus, Ohio, United States, North America. Ohio Dominican University is a Coed, four-year private Roman Catholic Liberal arts University in Columbus Ohio, USA Otterbein College is a private four-year liberal arts college in Westerville Ohio. The Pontifical College Josephinum is a four-year Liberal arts college and graduate school of theology founded by Monsignor Joseph Jessing in 1888 and located in The Ohio State University ( OSU) is a Coeducational public Research university in the state of Ohio. Trinity Lutheran Seminary is a ( ELCA) Seminary (a school of theology located in Columbus Ohio, USA. Delaware County is a fast-growing Suburban County located in the state of Ohio, United States, within the Columbus, Fairfield County is a County located in the state of Ohio, United States. Franklin County is a County located in the state of Ohio, United States. Amlin is an unincorporated community in southwestern Washington Township, Franklin County, Ohio, United States. Bexley is a city in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. Incorporated as a village in 1908 Bexley is an old tree-lined suburb of Ohio's capital Brice is a village in Franklin County, Ohio, United States, on the southeast side of the Columbus metropolitan area Blacklick is a small unincorporated community in southern Jefferson Township, Franklin County, Ohio, United States. Canal Winchester is a village in Fairfield and Franklin counties in the U Geography Delaware is located at (40298898 -83072007 The town is located about 24 miles north of Ohio's capital city Columbus, due north along Dublin is a city in Franklin, Delaware, and Union counties in the U Gahanna is a city in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. The population was 32636 at the 2000 census. Grandview Heights is a city in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. Grove City, founded in 1852 is a city in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. Groveport is a village in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. Harrisburg is a village in Franklin and Pickaway counties in the U Hilliard is a city in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. The population was 24230 at the 2000 census. Lewis Center is an unincorporated community in northwestern Orange Township, Delaware County, Ohio, United States, located between Lockbourne is a village in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. Marble Cliff is a village in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. Marysville is a city in Union County, Ohio, United States. It is the County seat of Union County. Minerva Park is a village in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. New Albany is a village in Franklin and Licking Counties in the U New Rome is an unincorporated community in eastern Prairie Township, Franklin County, Ohio, United States, located on the west side Obetz is a village in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. The population was 3977 at the 2000 census, and estimated to be 4079 Pataskala is a city in Licking County, Ohio, United States. The population was 10249 at the 2000 census. Pickerington, founded in 1815 is a city situated in Fairfield and Franklin counties in the central region of the U Powell is a city in Delaware County, Ohio, United States. The population was 6247 at the 2000 census. Reynoldsburg is a city in Fairfield, Franklin, and Licking counties in the U Riverlea is a village in Franklin County, Ohio, United States, surrounded by Worthington on its north south and east sides and Shawnee Hills is the name of some places in the US state of Ohio: Shawnee Hills Delaware County Ohio Shawnee Hills Greene Urbancrest is a village in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. Unionville Center is a village in Union County, Ohio, in the United States. Upper Arlington is a suburban city in Franklin County, Ohio, United States, on the northwest side of the Columbus metropolitan area. Not to be confused with Valley View Ohio. Valleyview is a village in Franklin County, Ohio, United Geography Westerville is located at (40123496 -82921432According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 12 Whitehall is a city in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. The population was 19201 at the 2000 census. Worthington is a city in Franklin County, Ohio, United States.

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