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The Colombia Three are three individuals – Niall Connolly, James Monaghan and Martin McCauley – who are currently residing in the Republic of Ireland, having fled from Colombia, where they have been sentenced to prison terms of seventeen years for training FARC rebels. Ireland ( Irish: Éire, ˈeːrʲə is a country in north-western Europe. Colombia (kəˈlʌmbɪə officially the Republic of Colombia () is a country in northwestern South America. The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – People’s Army (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Ejército del Pueblo also known by the Acronym of

Contents

Arrest

The three came to prominence on 11 August 2001, when they were arrested travelling on false passports at Bogotá International Airport while waiting to transfer to international flights out of the country. Events 2492 BC - Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founder of the Armenian nation Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. El Dorado International Airport is an International airport located in Bogotá, Colombia. The Colombian authorities alleged at the time that they were training FARC rebels, and were members of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA). The Provisional Irish Republican Army (Óglaigh na hÉireann ( IRA; also referred to as the PIRA, the Provos, or by some of its supporters as the [1] According to General Fernando Tapias the Colombian authorities were tipped off by "an international security organisation". [2]

Two of the three men, Monaghan and McCauley, had arrived in Colombia on 30 June 2001 on a flight from Belfast, via Paris. Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Belfast ( is the capital city of Northern Ireland and the seat of government in Northern Ireland. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Niall Connolly had flown from Dublin, via Madrid, and spent a day in Caracas before making a rendezvous in Bogotá. Dublin (ˈdʌblɨn/ /ˈdʊblɨn or /ˈdʊbəlɪn/, bˠalʲə aːha klʲiəh or cliə(ɸ is both the largest city and capital of Ireland. Madrid (pronounced in English in Spanish and colloquially in Spain) is the Capital and largest city of Spain. Caracas (kaˈɾakas is the Capital and largest city of Venezuela. Bogotá —officially named Bogotá DC (DC for " Distrito Capital " which means "Capital District" formerly called Santa Fe de Bogotá The three men then spent the next five weeks travelling through a demilitarized southern zone of Colombia, then under the control of the FARC rebels as part of peace talks with the Colombian government. [3] They were arrested as soon as they touched down in Bogotá on a commercial flight on the Saturday night. [4]

Prosecution

After the men's arrest they were held for six months without charge, until 15 February 2002 when they were charged with training FARC rebels in bomb-making. Events 590 - Khosrau II is crowned as king of Persia 1637 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. [5] After a number of delays, including a boycott of proceedings by the three accused, the trial opened on 2 December 2002. Events 1409 - The University of Leipzig opens 1755 - The second Eddystone Lighthouse is destroyed by fire See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. [6] Following a number of adjournments, the trial closed on 1 August 2003. Events 30 BC - Octavian (later known as Augustus enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. [7] The trial judge returned a verdict which found the three men guilty of travelling on false passports and they were given varying sentences of up to 44 months. They were found not guilty on the more serious charges relating to training FARC rebels; however, the judge ordered their release upon payment of fines equivalent to £3,800. [8]

Appeal

In accordance with Colombian law, the prosecution had the right to appeal the verdict, which it did. While awaiting appeal, the three men were free to leave jail, but were instructed by a judge to remain within the country. The appeal court, however, overturned the original trial verdict, and convicted the men of training the rebels, sentencing them to seventeen years in jail on 16 December 2004. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " [9]

Return to Ireland

The day after their conviction, the Colombian Attorney General announced that the men had fled Colombia. The Office of the Attorney General of Colombia ( Spanish for Fiscalía General de la Nación) is a Colombian institution part of the Colombian [10] On 5 August 2005, following an interview with Monaghan by RTÉ's Charlie Bird, it emerged that the three men had clandestinely returned to Ireland. Events 642 - Battle of Maserfield - Penda of Mercia defeats and kills Oswald of Bernicia. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Charles "Charlie" Bird (born 9 September 1949) is an Irish Journalist and broadcaster. [11] The three men were subsequently questioned by Gardaí but no moves have been taken in relation to extraditing them to Colombia, despite the existence of an Interpol arrest warrant. ga '''''Garda Síochána na hÉireann''''' (ˈgaːrdə ʃiːˈxaːnə nə ˈheːɾʲən Irish for "Peace Guard of Ireland" often rendered The International Criminal Police Organization, better known by its telegraphic address Interpol is an organization facilitating international police cooperation An arrest warrant is a warrant issued by and on behalf of the state which authorizes the Arrest and detention of an individual [12][13]

The Colombia Three

James Monaghan

James William Monaghan (Irish: Séamas Liam Ó Manachán) was born on 9 August 1945, and is originally from County Donegal but his last known address was in Newry, County Armagh. Irish (ga ''Gaeilge'' is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish. Events 48 BC - Caesar's civil war: Battle of Pharsalus - Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar County Donegal (ˌdʌnəˈgɔːl Irish: Contae Dhún na nGall. Newry ( short form An tIúr, "The Yew" is the fourth largest city in Northern Ireland and eighth on the island of Ireland. County Armagh ( Contae Ard Mhacha in Irish - from the height of Macha) is a county in Ulster in the north east of Ireland [14][15] In the 1970s he was believed to have been active in the IRA, gaining the nickname 'Mortar' on account of his skill in manufacturing homemade mortars and, [16] according to security sources, he is head of the IRA's engineering section. Barrack buster is the colloquial name given to several improvised mortars, developed in the 1990s by the engineering group of the Provisional Irish Republican Army [17]

Monaghan was arrested on terrorist charges in County Donegal in the 1970s. [14] In 1972 he was arrested in London and given a prison sentence for terrorism offenses. [15] In 1976, he escaped from the Special Criminal Court in Dublin following a double bomb blast. Year 1976 ( MCMLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Special Criminal Court (Cúirt Choiriúil Speisialta is a Juryless criminal Court in the Republic of Ireland which tries terrorist and Dublin (ˈdʌblɨn/ /ˈdʊblɨn or /ˈdʊbəlɪn/, bˠalʲə aːha klʲiəh or cliə(ɸ is both the largest city and capital of Ireland. [14] He was elected to the Sinn Féin Ard Chomhairle in 1989. Sinn Féin () is a political party in Ireland. The current party led by Gerry Adams was formed following a split in January 1970 According to Alex Maskey, he left Sinn Féin in 1989 or 1990,[18] In 1999 he joined an organisation called Coiste na n-Iarchimí, a Republican ex-prisoners group. Alex Maskey (born 8 January 1952 is an Irish politician who was the first member of Sinn Féin to serve as Belfast 's Lord Mayor [15] He is reported to be a member of the IRA Army Council. The IRA Army Council is the decision-making body of the Provisional Irish Republican Army, more commonly known as the IRA a Paramilitary group dedicated to bringing [19]

Martin McCauley

Martin McCauley (Irish: Máirtín Mac Amhlaoibh) was born on 1 December 1962 in County Armagh. Irish (ga ''Gaeilge'' is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish. Events 800 - Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. County Armagh ( Contae Ard Mhacha in Irish - from the height of Macha) is a county in Ulster in the north east of Ireland [15] He was shot aged 19 in 1982 by the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) in a barn near Lurgan resulting from which he won a five-figure sum for damages against the RUC. The Royal Ulster Constabulary GC was the name of the Police force in Northern Ireland from 1922 to 2001 Lurgan ( is a town in County Armagh, Northern Ireland with a population of approximately 25000 In 1985 he was charged with weapons possession in Northern Ireland and received a two year suspended sentence. Year 1985 ( MCMLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar) Northern Ireland (Tuaisceart Éireann Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a Country within the United Kingdom, lying in the northeast of A suspended sentence is a legal construct Unless a minimum punishment is prescribed by law the Court has the power to suspend the passing of sentence (generally [17] He was a Sinn Féin election worker during assembly elections in the Upper Bann constituency in 1998, but according to Sinn Féin he was not a member of the party. [14] McCauley is regarded as a leading figure in the IRA's engineering section. [3]

Niall Connolly

Niall Connolly (Irish: Niall Ó Conghaile) was born on 5 December 1964 in Glenageary, County Dublin, and was educated at Newpark Comprehensive School and Trinity College, Dublin. Irish (ga ''Gaeilge'' is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish. Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Glenageary ( is an area in the suburbs of south County Dublin, Ireland, part of Dun Laoghaire-Rathdown County. County Dublin (Contae Bhaile Átha Cliath or more correctly today the Dublin Region ( Réigiúin Átha Cliath) is the area that contains the city of Dublin Newpark Comprehensive School ( Irish: Scoil Chuimsitheach na Páirce Nua) is a non-fee paying Co-educational comprehensive Secondary school Trinity College Dublin ( TCD; Irish Coláiste na Tríonóide Baile Átha Cliath; Latin: Collegium Sacrosanctae et Individuae Trinitatis Reginae [3][15] The only one of the three who was a fluent Spanish speaker, he has extensive experience in Latin America having worked there for a number of years. [17] Prior to his arrest, he was resident in Cuba where the Cuban authorities claimed he was the Latin America representative for Sinn Féin. The Republic of Cuba (ˈkjuːbə or) consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles) Isla de la [3] This was initially denied by Sinn Féin, but they later accepted that he had been working in Cuba as a part-time party representative. [20]

References

  1. ^ Suspected IRA member charged in Colombia. RTÉ (15 August 2001). Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
  2. ^ Suspected IRA trio held in Colombia. The Guardian (14 August 2001). The Guardian (until 1959 The Manchester Guardian) is a British Newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. Events 1183 - Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
  3. ^ a b c d IRA blunder in the jungle sparks US rage. The Guardian (19 August 2001). Events 43 BC - Octavian, later known as Augustus compels the Roman Senate to elect him Consul. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
  4. ^ Daniel Schweimler (17 August 2001). Events 986 - A Byzantine army was destroyed in the pass of Trajan's Gate by the Bulgarians under the Comitopuli Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Cuba link to Colombia IRA suspect. BBC News. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
  5. ^ 'IRA three' charged by Colombians. BBC News (16 February 2002). Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
  6. ^ Ruth Morris (2 December 2002). Events 1409 - The University of Leipzig opens 1755 - The second Eddystone Lighthouse is destroyed by fire See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Trial of IRA men begins today. The Guardian. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
  7. ^ Sibylla Brodzinsky (2 August 2003). Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Irish trio await Bogota verdict. The Guardian. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
  8. ^ Sibylla Brodzinsky (27 April 2004). Events 1124 - David I becomes King of Scotland. 1296 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Colombia clears IRA suspects. The Guardian. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
  9. ^ Sibylla Brodzinsky (17 December 2004). Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Irishmen in hiding jailed for 17 years. The Guardian. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
  10. ^ Sibylla Brodzinsky (18 December 2004). Events 218 BC - Second Punic War: Battle of the Trebia - Hannibal 's Carthaginian forces defeat those of the "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Irish trio 'have fled Colombia'. The Guardian. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
  11. ^ Angelique Chrisafis (6 August 2005). Events 1538 - Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Colombian 3 back in Ireland. The Guardian. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
  12. ^ Sophie Kirkham (19 August 2005). Events 43 BC - Octavian, later known as Augustus compels the Roman Senate to elect him Consul. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Irish police question Colombia Three. The Guardian. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
  13. ^ Interpol members told of warrant. BBC News (14 January 2005). Events 1129 - Formal approval of the Order of the Templar at the Council of Troyes. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
  14. ^ a b c d Who are IRA suspects?. BBC News (17 August 2001). Events 986 - A Byzantine army was destroyed in the pass of Trajan's Gate by the Bulgarians under the Comitopuli Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
  15. ^ a b c d e Edmundo Murray (1 March 2006). Events 86 BC - Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army enters in Athens, removing the Tyrant Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Explosive Journey: Perceptions of Latin America in the FARC-IRA Affair (2001-2005). Society for Irish Latin American Studies. Retrieved on 2007-02-13. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed
  16. ^ Mark Burgess (5 June 2002). Events 70 - Titus and his Roman Legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem in the Siege of Jerusalem See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Globalizing Terrorism: The FARC-IRA Connection. Center for Defence Information. Retrieved on 2007-02-13. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed
  17. ^ a b c Rosie Cowan (15 August 2001). Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Qualified in terrorism. The Guardian. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
  18. ^ Colombian investigation continues. BBC News (16 August 2001). Events 1384 - The Hongwu Emperor of Ming China, Emperor Dong hears a case of a couple who tore paper money bills while fighting Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved on 2007-02-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German
  19. ^ Irish police identify 'IRA suspect'. BBC News (14 August 2001). Events 1183 - Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
  20. ^ Matthew Tempest (22 October 2001). Events 202 BC - Hannibal Barca, leader of the Carthaginians, is defeated by the Roman legions under Scipio Africanus Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Sinn Féin urges IRA to disarm. The Guardian. Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
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