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This article is about the town in Alsace. There is also a Colmar, Pennsylvania in the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the

Commune of Colmar
Christmas at Colmar
Location
Image:Paris_plan_pointer_b_jms.gif
Map highlighting the commune of
Time Zone CET (UTC +1)
Coordinates 48°04′54″N, 07°21′20″W
Administration
Country France
Department Haut-Rhin (préfecture)
Arrondissement Colmar
Canton Chief town of 2 cantons
Intercommunality Communauté
d'agglomération
de Colmar
Mayor Gilbert Meyer
(2001-2008)
Statistics
Elevation 175 m–214 m
(avg. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. In the context of the political and geographic organization of France and many of its former colonies a department (département depaʁtǝmɑ̃ is an Administrative division Haut-Rhin is a ''département'' of France named after the Rhine river A prefecture ( préfecture) in France can refer to: the Chef-lieu de département, the town in which the administration of a ''département'' The 100 French departments are divided into 342 arrondissements, which may be translated into English as districts. The arrondissement of Colmar is an arrondissement of France located in the Haut-Rhin département, in the Alsace région The cantons of France are territorial subdivisions of the French Republic's 341 arrondissements and 100 departments. The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. 197 m)
Land area¹ 66. 57 km²
Population²
(1999)		 65,136
 - Density 978/km² (1999)
Miscellaneous
INSEE/Postal code 68066/ 68000
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0. As of January 1, 2008, 64473140 people live in the French Republic. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume The INSEE code is a numerical indexing code used by the French National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE to identify various entities including communes Postal codes were introduced in France in 1972, when La Poste introduced automated sorting. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. An estuary is a semi-enclosed Coastal body of Water with one or more Rivers or Streams flowing into it and with a free connection to the open
2 Population sans doubles comptes: residents of multiple communes (e.g. students and military personnel) only counted once. C D E
France
Petite Venise
Petite Venise

Colmar (French: Colmar, pronounced [kɔlmaʁ]; Alsatian: Colmer, pronounced [ˈkolməʁ]; German: Colmar) is a town and commune in the Haut-Rhin département of Alsace, France. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Alsatian ( Elsässerditsch; Alsacien Elsässisch or Elsässerdeutsch) is a Low Alemannic German dialect spoken in most of Alsace, a region The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. Haut-Rhin is a ''département'' of France named after the Rhine river In the context of the political and geographic organization of France and many of its former colonies a department (département depaʁtǝmɑ̃ is an Administrative division Alsace (Alsace alzas Alsatian and Elsass pre-1996 German: Elsaß; Alsatia is one of the 26 Regions of France, located on the eastern This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics.

In 1999 Colmar had a population of 65,136. Colmar is also the chief town of the arrondissement of Colmar, with 86,832 inhabitants. The arrondissement of Colmar is an arrondissement of France located in the Haut-Rhin département, in the Alsace région

Contents

History

Colmar was founded in the 9th century. The 9th century is the period from 801 to 900 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. This was the location where Charles the Fat held a diet in 884. Charles the Fat (Carolus Pinguis 13 June 839 – 13 January 888) was the King of Alemannia from 876 King of Italy from In Politics, a diet is a formal Deliberative assembly. The term is derived from Medieval Latin dietas, and ultimately comes from Colmar was granted the status of a free imperial city of the Holy Roman Empire in 1226. The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in During the Thirty Years' War, the city was taken by the armies of Sweden in 1632, who held it for two years. For the Mauritanian Thirty Years' War see Char Bouba war. For the band see The 30 Years War. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. The city was conquered by France under Louis XIV in 1697. Early years Birth and ancestry Louis XIV was born in the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye on September 5 1638 and bore the Heir apparent

In 1679 (Treaty of Nimwegen) Colmar was ceded to France. With the rest of Alsace, Colmar was annexed by the newly formed German Empire in 1871 as a result of the Franco-Prussian War. The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the 1870 War ( 19 July, 1870 — 10 May, 1871 It returned to France after World War I, was annexed by Nazi Germany in 1940, and then reverted to French control after the battle of the "Colmar Pocket" in 1945. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Located in Alsace in eastern France, the Colmar Pocket (Poche de Colmar (Brückenkopf Elsaß was the site of a three-week operation during the Second World

Geography

Colmar is 64 kilometers (40 miles) south-southwest of Strasbourg, at 48. Strasbourg (Strasbourg stʁazbuʁ Alsatian: Strossburi,; Straßburg) is the capital and principal City of the Alsace région 08°N, 7. 36°E, on the Lauch River, directly to the east of the Vosges Mountains. Vosges (voːʒ is a French department, named after the Vosges mountain range. It is connected to the Rhine by a canal. The Rhine (Rhein Rijn Rhin Reno Rain Rhenus is one of the longest and most important Rivers in Europe at 1320 kilometres (820 mi with an average discharge Canals are artificial channels for water There are two types of canals water conveyance canals which are used for the conveyance and delivery of water and Waterways

Climate

Colmar has a sunny microclimate and is the driest city in France, with an annual precipitation of just 550 mm, making it ideal for Alsace wine. A microclimate is a local atmospheric zone where the Climate differs from the surrounding area Alsace wine or Alsatian wine (in French: Vin d'Alsace) is produced in the Alsace region in France and is primarily white Colmar is also the Capital of Alsatian wine.

The dryness results from the town's location next to mountains which force clouds arriving from the west to rise, and much of their moisture to condense and fall as precipitation over the higher ground, leaving the air warmed and dried by the time it reaches Colmar. In Meteorology, precipitation (also known as one class of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric

Culture

The well-preserved old city center houses several, sometimes large-scale buildings in German Gothic and early Renaissance style, as well as a number of old churches, among which the collégiale Saint-Martin (13th-16th century) is the largest and most noteworthy. International Gothic is a phase of Gothic art which developed in Burgundy, Bohemia, France and northern Italy in the late The Renaissance (from French Renaissance, meaning "rebirth" Italian: Rinascimento, from re- "again" and nascere Local 15th century artist Martin Schongauer painted what is considered his masterpiece, The Madonna of the Roses, in Colmar's Eglise des Dominicains(Dominican Church). Martin Schongauer (c 1448 &ndash February 2, 1491) was a German Engraver and painter. The Order of Preachers ( Latin: Ordo Praedicatorum) after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is Matthias Grünewald's famous Isenheim Altarpiece is the most noteworthy of the treasures housed in the city's Musée Unterlinden, the largest and most visited fine arts museum in Alsace. Matthias Grünewald or "Mathis" (as first name "Gothart" or "Neithardt" (as surname (c The Isenheim Altarpiece is an Altarpiece painted by the German artist Matthias Grünewald between 1512 and 1516. The Unterlinden Museum (officially Musée d'Unterlinden, also cited in English as Musée Unterlinden) is located in Colmar, France, in the

Other Museums are the Musée Bartholdi housed in the very birthplace of Frédéric Bartholdi, the Musée d'histoire naturelle et d'ethnographie (Muséeum for Natural History and Ethnography) founded in 1859, and the Musée du Jouet (Toy Museum), founded in 1993. Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi ( August 2, 1834 – October 4, 1904) was a French sculptor. Natural history is the Scientific research of Plants or Animals leaning more towards the Observational than Experimental methods Ethnography ( Greek ethnos = people and graphein = writing is a genre of writing that uses Fieldwork to provide a descriptive

Born in Colmar

Twin towns

Colmar is Twin towntwinned with:

See also

External links

Jean-Jacques Waltz (b Colmar, 23 February 1873 - 10 June, 1951 also known as " Oncle Hansi " or simply " Hansi Guy Roux (born 18 October 1938) is a former French football player and manager known for being in charge of French side AJ Auxerre Pierre Moerlen, born in Colmar ( Haut-Rhin) on 23 october 1952 and deceased in Strasbourg on May 3 2005 Thomas Bloch (born 1962 in Colmar, France is a prominent classical musician specializing in the rare instruments Ondes Martenot, Glass harmonica, Marc Keller (born 14 January 1968 in Colmar) is a retired French football player who played primarily as a midfielder The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Eisenstadt (Kismarton Železna Kapla Željezno is a City in Austria, the state capital of Burgenland. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich Győr (ˈɟøːr, known under alternative names) is the most important city of northwest Hungary, the capital of Győr-Moson-Sopron county and lies Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic Lucca is a city in Tuscany, northern central Italy, situated on the river Serchio in a fertile plain near (but not on the Ligurian Sea Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest See also Princeton Township New Jersey, Borough of Princeton New Jersey Princeton Borough New Jersey Princeton Township New Jersey this The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Schongau is a small town in Bavaria, near the Alps. It is located along the Lech, between Landsberg am Lech and Füssen. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Sint-Niklaas (Saint-Nicolas is a Belgian City and municipality located in the Flemish province of East Flanders. The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those Hyde is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Tameside, in Greater Manchester, England. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located This is a list of Mayors of Colmar in Alsace. 1789 - 1790: Daniel Adam Eggerle 1790 Located in Alsace in eastern France, the Colmar Pocket (Poche de Colmar (Brückenkopf Elsaß was the site of a three-week operation during the Second World Wikitravel is a Web -based project "to create a free, complete up-to-date and reliable worldwide travel guide.
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