A collider is a type of a particle accelerator involving directed beams of particles. In Particle physics, an elementary particle or fundamental particle is a particle not known to have substructure that is it is not known to be made

In particle physics one gains knowledge about elementary particles by accelerating particles to very high kinetic energy and letting them impact on other particles. Particle physics is a branch of Physics that studies the elementary constituents of Matter and Radiation, and the interactions between them In Particle physics, an elementary particle or fundamental particle is a particle not known to have substructure that is it is not known to be made The kinetic energy of an object is the extra Energy which it possesses due to its motion For sufficiently high energy, a reaction happens that transforms the particles into other particles. Detecting these products gives insight into the physics involved. Physics (Greek Physis - φύσις in everyday terms is the Science of Matter and its motion.

To do such experiments there are two possible setups:

• Fixed target setup: A beam of particles (the projectiles) is accelerated with a particle accelerator, and as collision partner, one puts a stationary target into the path of the beam.

• Collider: Two beams of particles are accelerated and the beams are directed against each other, so that the particles collide while flying into opposite directions.

The collider setup is harder to construct but has the great advantage that according to special relativity the energy of an inelastic collision between two particles approaching each other with a given velocity is not just 4 times as high as in the case of one particle resting (as it would be in non-relativistic physics); it can be orders of magnitude higher if the collision velocity is near the speed of light. Special relativity (SR (also known as the special theory of relativity or STR) is the Physical theory of Measurement in Inertial An inelastic collision is a Collision in which kinetic energy is not conserved (see elastic collision)

Colliders may either be ring accelerators or linear accelerators.

See also

• Large Hadron Collider
• Very Large Hadron Collider
• Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
• International Linear Collider

External links

• LHC - The Large Hadron Collider on the web
• The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)

The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC pronounced like " Rick " ˈrɪk is a heavy- Ion Collider located at and operated by Brookhaven The International Linear Collider ( ILC) is a proposed Linear particle accelerator.

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