College (Latin collegium) is a term most often used today to denote an educational institution. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Education encompasses both the Teaching and Learning of Knowledge, proper conduct, and technical competency Institutions are structures and mechanisms of Social order and Cooperation governing the Behavior of a Set of Individuals More broadly, it can be the name of any group of colleagues (see, for example electoral college, College of Arms, College of Cardinals). Collegiality is the relationship between colleagues Definition of collegiality Colleagues are those explicitly united in a common Purpose and respecting An electoral college is a set of many electors who are empowered to elect a candidate to a particular Office. The College of Arms, or Heralds' College, is an office regulating Heraldry and granting new Armorial bearings for England, Wales The College of Cardinals (verbose Sacred College of the Holy Roman Church, Sancta Romana Ecclesia, S Originally, it meant a group of persons living together under a common set of rules (con- = "together" + leg- = "law" or lego = "I choose"); indeed, some colleges call their members "fellows". The term person is used in Common sense to mean an individual Human being. Law is a system of rules enforced through a set of Institutions used as an instrument to underpin civil obedience politics economics and society A fellow in the broadest sense is someone who is an equal or a comrade The precise usage of the term varies among English-speaking countries. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States

Contents 1 United Kingdom 1.1 Schools 1.2 Further Education 1.3 Higher Education 1.4 Professional Bodies 1.5 Law Courts 2 United States 2.1 The origin of the U.S. usage 2.2 Origin of U.S. State Colleges: The Morrill Act 3 The rest of the English-speaking world 3.1 Australia 3.2 Canada 3.3 Ireland 3.4 Hong Kong 3.5 India 3.6 New Zealand 3.7 Philippines 3.8 Singapore 3.9 Sri Lanka 3.10 South Africa 4 The non-English-speaking world 4.1 Belgium 4.2 Brazil 4.3 East Asia 4.4 Denmark 4.5 Finland 4.6 France 4.7 Germany 4.8 Greece 4.9 Hungary 4.10 Indonesia 4.11 Israel 4.12 Italy 4.13 Netherlands 4.14 Norway 4.15 Portugal 4.16 Romania 4.17 Russia 4.18 Spain, Spanish-speaking countries (Latin America) 4.19 Sweden 4.20 Switzerland 4.21 Turkey 4.22 Vietnam 5 See also 6 References

United Kingdom

British usage of the word "college" remains the loosest, encompassing a range of institutions:

Schools

• Certain private schools, known as "Public" schools in England, for children such as Eton College and Malvern College. This is a list of the colleges within the University of Cambridge. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located An independent school is a school which is not dependent upon national or local Government for financing its operation and is instead operated by tuition charges gifts and Eton College, or just Eton, is a world-famous British Independent school for boys founded in 1440 by King Henry VI. Malvern College is a Coeducational British Public School, founded in 1865 ^[1]
• In Cambridgeshire, there are certain secondary schools called Village Colleges, which aim to be a centre for the community as well as for their students

Further Education

In general use, a college is an institution between secondary school and university, either a sixth form college or a college of further education and adult education which were usually called technical colleges. The Village College is an institution specific to Cambridgeshire, England (including since 1998 the Peterborough unitary authority area Recently, however, with the phasing out of polytechnical colleges the term has become less clear-cut.

• Colleges of further education and adult education. Further education (often abbreviated "FE" is Post-secondary Education (in addition to that received at Secondary school) that is distinct from Adult education is the practice of teaching and educating adults
• "Sixth form colleges", where students study for A Levels

Higher Education

In relation to universities, the term college normally refers to a part of the university which does not have degree-awarding powers in itself. A sixth form college is an educational institution in England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Hong Kong or Malta where students aged 16 The A-level, short for Advanced Level, is a General Certificate of Education qualification in England, Northern Ireland and Wales, Degrees are always awarded by universities whereas colleges are institutions or organisations which prepare students for the degree.

In some cases, colleges prepare students for the degree of a university of which the college is a part (eg colleges of the University of London, University of Cambridge, etc. The University of London is a university based primarily in London, England, UK. The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University) located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the ) In other cases, colleges are independent institutions which prepare students to sit as external candidates at other universities or have authority to run courses that lead to the degrees of those universities (e. g. many higher education colleges and university colleges). The term " university college " is used in a number of countries to denote institutions that provide Tertiary education but do not have full or independent

• The constituent parts of collegiate universities, especially referring to the independent colleges that make up the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge and London

• The constituent parts of collegiate universities which provide accommodation and pastoral services at St Andrews and Durham. A collegiate university is a University whose functions are divided between the central administration of the university and a number of constituent colleges The University of Oxford (informally "Oxford University" or simply "Oxford" located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England is the The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University) located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the The University of London is a university based primarily in London, England, UK. A collegiate university is a University whose functions are divided between the central administration of the university and a number of constituent colleges The University of St Andrews is the oldest University in Scotland and third oldest in the English-speaking world, having been founded between Durham University is a University in Durham, England. It was founded as the University of Durham (which remains its official and legal name

• The constituent parts of collegiate universities, such as Lancaster and York and Kent. A collegiate university is a University whose functions are divided between the central administration of the university and a number of constituent colleges Lancaster University (officially " The University of Lancaster " is a British University in Lancaster, Lancashire, The University of York is a Campus university in the city of York, England. The University of Kent is a plate glass campus University in Kent, England.

• Some universities, such as Imperial College London, which is a university in its own right. Imperial College London (officially The Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine as given in its Royal Charter It is one of only three universities to have reached Also University College London and King's College London, which are federal colleges of the University of London but are also de facto universities in their own right as they could award their own degrees. University College London ( UCL) is a multi-faculty university institution based in the United Kingdom and a constituent college of the University of London King's College London is a British Higher education institution and co-founding constituent college of the federal University of London. The University of London is a university based primarily in London, England, UK.

• A name given to large groupings of faculties or departments, notably in the University of Edinburgh, and in the future, under restructuring plans, the University of Birmingham. A faculty is a division within a University. The concept of a university with different faculties for different subjects dates back to Al-Azhar University, which had The University of Edinburgh (Oilthigh Dhùn Èideann founded in 1582 is a renowned centre for teaching and research in Edinburgh, Scotland, UK. The University of Birmingham (informally Birmingham University) is a British red brick University located in the city of Birmingham

• University colleges — independent higher education institutions that have the power to award degrees, but are not actually universities. The term " university college " is used in a number of countries to denote institutions that provide Tertiary education but do not have full or independent

Professional Bodies

• Professional associations such as the Royal College of Organists, the Royal College of Surgeons and other various Royal Colleges. The Royal College of Organists or RCO, is an educational body of the United Kingdom. A Royal College in some Commonwealth countries is technically a College which has received permission to use the prefix Royal.

Law Courts

• The College of Justice or Court of Session of Scotland

United States

Main article: Higher education in the United States

In American English, the word, in contrast to its many and varied British meanings, often refers to liberal arts colleges that provide education primarily at the undergraduate level. The College of Justice is a term used to describe the Supreme Courts of Scotland, and its associated bodies The Court of Session is the supreme civil court of Scotland. It is both a Court of first instance and a court of Appeal and sits exclusively Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Agnes Scott College is a private liberal arts women's college in Decatur, Georgia, near Atlanta. Higher education in the United States refers to a variety of institutions of Higher education in the United States. Phonology North American English regional phonology In many ways compared to English English, North American English is conservative in its Phonology. Liberal arts colleges in the United States are institutions of Higher education in the United States. In some Educational systems undergraduate education is Post-secondary education up to the level of a Bachelor's degree. It can also refer to schools which offer a vocational, business, engineering, or technical curriculum. A vocation is an occupation for which a person is suited trained or qualified A business (also called firm or an enterprise) is a legally recognized organizational entity designed to provide goods and/or services to Engineering is the Discipline and Profession of applying technical and scientific Knowledge and The term can either refer to both a self-contained institution that has no graduate studies or to the undergraduate school of a full university (i. e. , that also has a graduate school). In popular American usage, the word "college" is the generic term for any post-secondary undergraduate education. Americans go to "college" after high school, regardless of whether the specific institution is formally a college or a university, and the word and its derivatives are the standard terms used to describe the institutions and experiences associated with American post-secondary undergraduate education.

Colleges vary in terms of size, degree, and length of stay. Occidental College is a small private coeducational liberal arts college located in Los Angeles California. Two-year colleges offer the Associates degree (A. College ( Latin collegium) is a term most often used today to denote an Educational Institution. An associate degree is an Academic degree awarded by Community colleges Junior colleges four-year Universities, Business colleges A. ) and four-year colleges offer the Bachelor of Arts (B. A. ) or Bachelor of Sciences (B. A Bachelor of Science ( BS, BSc or BSc in the UK; less commonly S S. ) degree. These are usually primarily undergraduate institutions, although some might have limited programs at the graduate level. In some Educational systems undergraduate education is Post-secondary education up to the level of a Bachelor's degree. A graduate school or ("grad school" is a school that awards advanced degrees such as doctoral degrees with the general requirement that students must have earned

Four-year institutions in the U. S. which emphasize the liberal arts are liberal arts colleges. The term liberal arts refers to a particular type of educational Curriculum broadly defined as a Classical education. Liberal arts colleges in the United States are institutions of Higher education in the United States. These colleges traditionally emphasize interactive instruction (although research is still a component of these institutions). Examples include Grove City College in Pennsylvania, Ramapo College of New Jersey and Wheaton College in Illinois. Grove City College is an Christian Liberal arts college in Grove City, Pennsylvania, about sixty-five miles north of Pittsburgh Pennsylvania Ramapo College of New Jersey is a public Liberal arts and professional studies institution of the New Jersey system of higher education Wheaton College is a private Evangelical Protestant, Coeducational Liberal arts college in Wheaton, Illinois, a Suburb If not associated with a university, they are often categorized as residential and generally have smaller enrollment, class size, and teacher-student ratios than universities. A residential college is an organisational pattern for a division of a University that places academic activity in a Community setting of students and faculty usually A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects These colleges often encourage a high level of teacher-student interaction at the center of which are classes taught by full-time faculty rather than graduate student TAs (who sometimes teach the classes at Research I and other universities). A teaching assistant (TA is a junior Scholar employed on a temporary contract by a College or University in teaching-related responsibilities Research I university was a category previously used by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education to indicate those universities that engaged A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects The colleges are either coeducational, women's colleges, or men's colleges. Mixed-sex education, (or just Mixed education) also known as Coeducation, is the integrated education to males and females at the same school facilities Men's colleges in the United States are primarily Undergraduate, Bachelor's degree -granting institutions that admit Men exclusively Some are historically black colleges. Historically black colleges and universities ( HBCUs) are institutions of Higher education in the United States that were established before 1964 with the intention Some are also secular (or not affiliated with a particular religion) while others are involved in religious education. Secularity ( adjective form secular) is the state of being separate from Religion. In Secular usage religious education is the Teaching of a particular Religion (although in England the term religious instruction would refer Many are private. For the film of this title see Private School (film. Private schools, or Independent schools are Schools not administered Some are public liberal arts colleges. The Council of Public Liberal Arts Colleges (COPLAC is a Consortium of state-supported liberal arts colleges. In addition, colleges such as Hampshire College, Pitzer College, Sarah Lawrence College, Bennington College, Marlboro College and New College of Florida offer experimental curriculums. Hampshire College is a private liberal arts college located in Amherst, Massachusetts. Pitzer College is a private residential liberal arts college located in Claremont California, a College town approximately east of Sarah Lawrence is a private, independent, liberal arts college in the United States. Bennington College is a nationally recognized liberal arts college located in Bennington Vermont. Marlboro College is a small coeducational alternative Liberal-arts college in Marlboro, Vermont, USA New College of Florida is a public Liberal arts college located in Sarasota Florida. An alternative school (sometimes called a minischool) is an educational establishment with a curriculum and methods that are nontraditional or sometimes ultratraditional

On the other hand, public and private universities are research-oriented institutions which service both an undergraduate and graduate student body. For similarly-named academic institutions see Education in Boston MA. A public university is a University that is predominantly funded by public means through a national or subnational government as opposed to private universities. Unlike Public universities, private universities generally do not receive direct operational funding from national or subnational governments and thus rely on private In some Educational systems undergraduate education is Post-secondary education up to the level of a Bachelor's degree. A graduate school or ("grad school" is a school that awards advanced degrees such as doctoral degrees with the general requirement that students must have earned Graduate programs grant a variety of Master's degrees including M.B.A.s or M.F.A.s. A graduate school or ("grad school" is a school that awards advanced degrees such as doctoral degrees with the general requirement that students must have earned The Master of Business Administration ( MBA) is a Master's degree in Business administration, which attracts people from a wide range of academic disciplines In the United States, a Master of Fine Arts ( MFA) is a Graduate degree typically requiring two to three years of study beyond the Bachelor's degree The doctorate is the highest academic degree, and the Ph.D. is given in most fields. A doctorate is an Academic degree that indicates the highest level of academic achievement "PhD" redirects here for other uses see PhD (disambiguation. Medical schools award M.D.s while law schools award the J.S.D. as the highest academic achievement. Medical education A medical school or faculty of medicine is a Tertiary educational institution—or part of such an institution—that teaches Medicine Doctor of Medicine ( MD or MD, from the Latin Medicinæ Doctor meaning "Teacher of Medicine" is a doctoral A law school (also known as a school of law or college of law) is an institution specializing in Legal education. Doctor of Laws ( Latin: Legum Doctor, LLD) is a Doctorate -level Academic degree in Law. These institutions usually have a large student body. Introductory seminars can have a class size in the hundreds in some of the larger schools. The interaction between students and full-time faculty can be limited as compared to some liberal arts colleges. At some of the larger universities some undergraduate classes are taught by graduate student TAs. A teaching assistant (TA is a junior Scholar employed on a temporary contract by a College or University in teaching-related responsibilities

At the same time, some American universities, such as Boston College, Dartmouth College, the College of Charleston and The College of William & Mary, have retained the term "college" in their names for historical reasons or because of an undergraduate focus, although they offer higher degrees. For similarly-named academic institutions see Education in Boston MA. Dartmouth College ( is a private, Coeducational University located in Hanover, New Hampshire, U The College of Charleston (C of C is a public, Sea-grant, and Space-grant university located in historic downtown Charleston South Carolina The College of William and Mary (officially The College of William and Mary in Virginia, also known as William & Mary or W&M) is a Public university This problem led, in part, to the threatened lawsuit between Yale College Wrexham (equivalent to an American "high school") and Yale University, the latter claiming trademark infringement. Yale College of Wrexham ( Coleg Iâl) is a Further education college in Wrexham, northeast Wales. High school is the name used in some parts of the world (in particular Scotland, North America and Australia) to describe an institution As of 2003, there were 2,474 four-year colleges and universities in the United States. ^[2][3]

Usage of the terms varies among the states, each of which operates its own institutions and licenses private ones. A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government In 1996 for example, Georgia changed all of its four-year colleges to universities, and all of its vocational technology schools to technical colleges. The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule A vocation is an occupation for which a person is suited trained or qualified Technology is a broad concept that deals with a Species ' usage and knowledge of Tools and Crafts and how it affects a species' ability to control and adapt A school (from Greek σχολεῖον - scholeion) is an Institution designed to allow and encourage Students (or "pupils" Institute of technology, and polytechnic, are designations employed in a wide range of learning institutions awarding different types of degrees and operating often at variable (Previously, only the four-year research institutions were called universities. Research is defined as Human activity based on Intellectual application in the investigation of Matter. ) Other states have changed the names of individual colleges, many having started as a teachers' college or vocational school (such as an A&M — an agricultural and mechanical school) that ended up as a full-fledged state university. A name ( Etymology: from OE nama akin to OHG namo, Latin Nomen, and Greek όνομα ( In Education, a teacher is one who helps Students or pupils often in a School, as well as in a Family, religious or ATTENTION *** This article is not "Vocational education in the United States" Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture Mechanics ( Greek) is the branch of Physics concerned with the behaviour of physical bodies when subjected to Forces or displacements

It should be noted, too, that "university" and "college" do not exhaust all possible titles for an American institution of higher education. Other options include "institute" (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), "academy" (United States Military Academy), "union" (Cooper Union), "conservatory" (New England Conservatory), and "school" (Juilliard School), although these titles are only for their official names. "USMA" redirects here For other uses see USMA (disambiguation The United States Military Academy (also known as USMA, The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art (commonly referred to simply as The Cooper Union or Cooper Union) is a privately-funded college in The Juilliard School, located in New York City, is a world renowned Performing arts conservatory. In colloquial use, they are still referred to as "college" when referring to their undergraduate studies.

The term college is also, as in the United Kingdom, used for a constituent semi-autonomous part of a larger university but generally organized on academic rather than residential lines. For example, at many institutions, the undergraduate portion of the university can be briefly referred to as the college (such as The College of the University of Chicago, Harvard College at Harvard, or Columbia College at Columbia) while at others each of the faculties may be called a "college" (the "college of engineering", the "college of nursing", and so forth). The College is the sole undergraduate institution and one of the oldest components of the University of Chicago, emerging contemporaneously with the university at large Harvard College is the undergraduate section and oldest school of Harvard University, a Private university in the United States founded in 1636 by the Massachusetts History Columbia College was founded as King’s College by royal charter of King George II of England in the Columbia University is a private University in the United States and a member of the Ivy League. There exist other variants for historical reasons; for example, Duke University, which was called Trinity College until the 1920s, still calls its main undergraduate subdivision Trinity College of Arts and Sciences. Duke University is a private Research University located in Durham, North Carolina, United States. Trinity College of Arts and Sciences is the name of the undergraduate liberal arts college at Duke University in Durham North Carolina. Some American universities, such as Princeton, Rice, and Yale do have residential colleges along the lines of Oxford or Cambridge, but the name was clearly adopted in homage to the British system. Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. William Marsh Rice University (commonly called Rice University and opened in 1912 as The William Marsh Rice Institute for the Advancement of Letters Science and Art A residential college is an organisational pattern for a division of a University that places academic activity in a Community setting of students and faculty usually Unlike the Oxbridge colleges, these residential colleges are not autonomous legal entities nor are they typically much involved in education itself, being primarily concerned with room, board, and social life. At the University of California, San Diego and the University of California, Santa Cruz, however, each of the residential colleges do teach its own core writing courses and has its own distinctive set of graduation requirements. The University of California San Diego (popularly known as UC San Diego or UCSD) is a public Research university in San Diego, California

The origin of the U. S. usage

The founders of the first institutions of higher education in the United States were graduates of the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The University of Oxford (informally "Oxford University" or simply "Oxford" located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England is the The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University) located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the The small institutions they founded would not have seemed to them like universities — they were tiny and did not offer the higher degrees in medicine and theology. Furthermore, they were not composed of several small colleges. Instead, the new institutions felt like the Oxford and Cambridge colleges they were used to — small communities, housing and feeding their students, with instruction from residential tutors (as in the United Kingdom, described above). When the first students came to be graduated, these "colleges" assumed the right to confer degrees upon them, usually with authority -- for example, the College of William and Mary has a Royal Charter from the British monarchy allowing it to confer degrees while Dartmouth College has a charter permitting it to award degrees "as are usually granted in either of the universities, or any other college in our realm of Great Britain. The College of William and Mary (officially The College of William and Mary in Virginia, also known as William & Mary or W&M) is a Public university A Royal Charter is a Charter granted by the Sovereign on the advice of the Privy council to legitimize an incorporated body such as a city company Dartmouth College ( is a private, Coeducational University located in Hanover, New Hampshire, U "

Contrast this with Europe, where only universities could grant degrees. The leaders of Harvard College (which granted America's first degrees in 1642) might have thought of their college as the first of many residential colleges which would grow up into a New Cambridge university. Harvard College is the undergraduate section and oldest school of Harvard University, a Private university in the United States founded in 1636 by the Massachusetts However, over time, few new colleges were founded there, and Harvard grew and added higher faculties. Eventually, it changed its title to university, but the term "college" had stuck and "colleges" have arisen across the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the

Eventually, several prominent colleges/universities were started to train Christian ministers. Harvard, Yale, Princeton, and Brown all started to train preachers in the subjects of Bible and theology. However, now these universities teach theology as a more academic than ministerial discipline.

With the rise of Christian education, renowned seminaries and Bible colleges have continued the original purpose of these universities. Criswell College and Dallas Theological Seminary in Dallas; Southern Seminary in Louisville; Trinity Evangelical Divinity School in Deerfield, Illinois; and Wheaton College and Graduate School in Wheaton, Illinois are just a few of the institutions that have influenced higher education in Theology in Philosophy to this day. Criswell College is a Christian college and divinity school in Dallas, Texas. Dallas Theological Seminary (DTS is an evangelical theological Seminary located in Dallas Texas and the North American institution for popularizing The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary is located in Louisville Kentucky and is the flagship Seminary of the Southern Baptist Convention, or SBC Trinity Evangelical Divinity School (TEDS is an evangelical Christian seminary located in Deerfield Illinois. Wheaton College is a private Evangelical Protestant, Coeducational Liberal arts college in Wheaton, Illinois, a Suburb

In U. S. usage, the word "college" embodies not only a particular type of school, but has historically been used to refer to the general concept of higher education when it is not necessary to specify a school, as in "going to college" or "college savings accounts" offered by banks. "University" is sometimes used in such contexts by Americans who wish to avoid ambiguity, for example in the context of Internet message boards where the reader hail from a different English speaking country.

Origin of U. S. State Colleges: The Morrill Act

In addition to private colleges and universities, the U. S. also has a system of government funded, public universities, also, in many cases, known as State Colleges. A public university is a University that is predominantly funded by public means through a national or subnational government as opposed to private universities. This system arose in order to make higher education more easily accessible to the citizenry of the country, specifically to improve agricultural systems by providing training and scholarship in the production and sales of agricultural products,^[4] and to provide formal education in “…agriculture, home economics, mechanical arts, and other professions that seemed practical at the time. ”^[5]

In the 1860s, when this act was established, the original colleges on the east coast, primarily those of the Ivy League and several religious based colleges, were the only form of higher education available, and were often confined only to the children of the elite. The Ivy League is an Athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. A movement arose to bring a form of more practical higher education to the masses, as “…many politicians and educators wanted to make it possible for all young Americans to receive some sort of advanced education. ”^[5] In 1862 Congress passed a measure that “…made it possible for the new western states to establish colleges for the citizens. A congress is a formal meeting of representatives from different countries (or by extension Constituent States, or independent organisations (such as different Trade ”. ^[5] This was extended to allow all states that had remained with the union during the American Civil War, and eventually all states, to establish such institutions. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South

Most of the colleges established under the Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Act have since gone on to become full universities. Some are amongst the elite of the world.

The rest of the English-speaking world

Influenced by their origins in the British Empire, by contact with and sometimes imitation of U. The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. S. academia, and even by modern American pop culture, the rest of the English-speaking world seems to have adopted a mix of the U. Popular culture (or pop culture) is the Culture — patterns of human activity and the symbolic structures that give such activities significance and importance — S. and British practices.

Australia

In Australia, the term "college" can refer to an institution of tertiary education that is smaller than a university, run independently or as part of a university. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Tertiary education, also referred to as third stage third level and' post-secondary education', is the educational level following the completion of a school providing Following a reform in the 1980s many of the formerly independent colleges now belong to a larger university. Many private high schools that provide secondary education are called "colleges" in Australia. High school is the name used in some parts of the world (in particular Scotland, North America and Australia) to describe an institution Australia See also Education The term can also be used to refer to parts of a university, that provide residence for students, both undergraduate and postgraduate, called university colleges, as in the United Kingdom. The term " university college " is used in a number of countries to denote institutions that provide Tertiary education but do not have full or independent These Colleges often provide additional tutorial assistance and some host theological study. Theology is the study of a god or the gods from a religious perspective In the state of Victoria, many public schools providing secondary education are known as secondary colleges, though most Victorians still refer to this level of education as "high school".

Additionally, in Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory, "college" refers to the final two years of high school (years eleven and twelve), and the institutions which provide this. Tasmania is an Australian island and state of the same name It is located south of the eastern side of the Continent, being separated from it by Bass } The Australian Capital Territory (ACT is the Capital territory of the Commonwealth of Australia and its smallest self-governing internal territory In this context, "college" is a system independent of the other years of high school. Here, the expression is a shorter version of matriculation college.

In the state of South Australia nearly all private schools, including those with year levels from Reception (5 year olds) through to year 12 and 13 are called Colleges. South Australia is a state of Australia in the southern central part of the country

Canada

In Canada, the term "college" usually refers to a community college or a technical, applied arts, or applied science school. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page A community college is a type of Educational institution. The term has different meanings in different countries These are post-secondary diploma-granting institutions, but they are not universities and typically do not grant degrees, except in British Columbia where some have university status. Tertiary education, also referred to as third stage third level and' post-secondary education', is the educational level following the completion of a school providing British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C In Quebec, it can refer in particular to CEGEP (Collège d'enseignement général et professionnel, "college of general and professional education"), a form of post-secondary education specific to the Quebec education system that is required in order to continue onto university (unless one applies as a 'mature' student, meaning 21 years of age or over, and out of the educational system for at least 2 years), or to learn a trade. Quebec (kwɨˈbɛk A CEGEP (ˈseɪʒɛp or /ˈsiːʤɛp/ French: Cégep) is a post-secondary education institution exclusive to the province of Quebec in The Québec education system is governed by the Ministère de l'Éducation du Loisir et du Sport ( Ministry of Education Recreation and Sports In Ontario, British Columbia and Alberta there are also institutions which are designated university college as they only grant under-graduate degrees. Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec The term " university college " is used in a number of countries to denote institutions that provide Tertiary education but do not have full or independent This is to differentiate between universities which have both under-graduate and graduate programs and those that do not.

The Royal Military College of Canada, a full-fledged degree-granting university, does not follow the naming convention used by the rest of the country, nor does its sister school Collège militaire royal de Saint-Jean or the now closed Royal Roads Military College. The Royal Military College of Canada (RMC is the Military academy of the Canadian Forces, and is a degree-granting University. Royal Roads Military College (RRMC was a Canadian military college (1940 to 1995 located in Hatley Park, Colwood British Columbia near Victoria British

The term "college" also applies to distinct entities within a university (usually referred to as "federated colleges" or "affiliated colleges"), akin to the residential colleges in the United Kingdom. A federated school, federated college, federated university, or affiliated school is an educational institution which is independent in some respects but These colleges act independently, but in affiliation or federation with the university that actually grants the degrees. For example, Trinity College was once an independent institution, but later became federated with the University of Toronto, and is now one of its residential colleges. The University of Trinity College, referred to locally as Trinity College or colloquially as Trin, is one of the federated colleges making This article is about the University of Toronto's St George Campus In the case of Memorial University of Newfoundland, located in St. John's, the Corner Brook campus is called Sir Wilfred Grenfell College. Memorial University of Newfoundland, (colloquially known as Memorial University or "MUN") is a comprehensive university located primarily in St St John's (ˌseɪntˈdʒanz French Saint-Jean) is the provincial capital of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada and located on the eastern tip Sir Wilfred Grenfell College ( SWGC) popularly referred to as Grenfell College, is a Canadian liberal arts and science university located in Occasionally, "college" refers to a subject specific faculty within a university that, while distinct, are neither federated nor affiliated—College of Education, College of Medicine, College of Dentistry, among others.

There are also universities referred to as art colleges, empowered to grant academic degrees of BFA, Bdes, MFA, Mdes and sometimes collaborative PhD degrees. Some of them have "university" in their name (Nova Scotia College of Art and Design University) and others do not (Ontario College of Art & Design and Emily Carr Institute of Art and Design). The Nova Scotia College of Art and Design (NSCAD University is a post-secondary Art school located in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. The Ontario College of Art & Design (commonly referred to by its acronym OCAD) is Canada's largest and oldest University for art and design Emily Carr University of Art and Design (formerly the Emily Carr Institute of Art and Design) is a public post-secondary University located on Granville Island in

It should be noted that, unlike in the United States, there is a strong distinction between "college" and "university" in Canada. In conversation, one specifically would say either "I'm going to university" (i. e. , studying for a three- or four-year degree at a university) or "I'm going to college" (suggesting a technical or career college). Due to this distinction, the cultural phenomenon known as college radio in the United States is more properly called "campus radio" in Canada. Campus radio (also known as college radio, university radio or student radio) is a type of Radio station that is run by the students of a college

In a number of Canadian cities, many government-run secondary schools are called "collegiates" or "collegiate institutes" (C. I. ), a complicated form of the word "college" which avoids the usual "post-secondary" connotation. This is because these secondary schools have traditionally focused on academic, rather than vocational, subjects and ability levels (for example, collegiates offered Latin while vocational schools offered technical courses). Some private secondary schools in Toronto (such as Upper Canada College) choose to use the word "college" in their names nevertheless. Upper Canada College (UCC is a private elementary and Secondary school for boys in downtown Toronto, Canada. ^[6] Some secondary schools elsewhere in the country, particularly ones within the separate school system, may also use the word "college" or "collegiate" in their names. A separate school is a publicly funded School which includes religious Education in its curriculum as opposed to a Private school or Public ^[7]

A small number of the oldest professional associations use "college" in the name in the British sense, such as the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada. The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, (RCPSC is a national private nonprofit organization established in 1929 by a special Act of Parliament

Ireland

See also: List of universities in the Republic of Ireland

In the Republic of Ireland, the term "college" is usually limited to an institution of tertiary education, but the term is quite generic within this field. This is a list of Colleges and universities in the Republic of Ireland, some colleges are constituent colleges of universities Ireland ( Irish: Éire, ˈeːrʲə is a country in north-western Europe. Tertiary education, also referred to as third stage third level and' post-secondary education', is the educational level following the completion of a school providing University students often say they attend "college" rather than "university", with the term college being more popular in wider society. This is possibly due to the fact that, until 1989, no university provided teaching or research directly. Instead, these were offered by a constituent college of the university, in the case of the National University of Ireland and University of Dublin — or at least in strict legal terms. The National University of Ireland ( NUI) (Ollscoil na hÉireann is a federal University system of constituent universities, previously called The University of Dublin, corporately designated the Chancellor Doctors and Masters of the University of Dublin (since the 19th century located in Dublin, There are many secondary education institutions that use the word college. Australia See also Education Many secondary schools formerly known as technical colleges, were renamed as community colleges. These are secondary institutions in contrast to the American community college. A community college is a type of Educational institution. The term has different meanings in different countries

The state's only ancient university, the University of Dublin, is really English in its origins and, until recently, its outlook. Ancient university is a term used to describe the medieval and renaissance universities of England, Scotland and Ireland that have The University of Dublin, corporately designated the Chancellor Doctors and Masters of the University of Dublin (since the 19th century located in Dublin, Created during the reign of Elizabeth I, it is modelled on the universities of Cambridge and Oxford. The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University) located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the The University of Oxford (informally "Oxford University" or simply "Oxford" located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England is the However, only one constituent college was ever founded, hence the curious position of Trinity College, Dublin today. Trinity College Dublin ( TCD; Irish Coláiste na Tríonóide Baile Átha Cliath; Latin: Collegium Sacrosanctae et Individuae Trinitatis Reginae For a time, degrees in Dublin Institute of Technology were also conferred by the university. Dublin Institute of Technology ( DIT) ( Irish: Institiúid Teicneolaíochta Bhaile Atha Cliath) was established officially in 1992 under the Dublin Institute However, that institution now has its own degree awarding powers and is considering applying for full university status.

Among more modern foundations, the National University of Ireland, founded in 1908, consisted of constituent colleges and recognised colleges until 1997. The National University of Ireland ( NUI) (Ollscoil na hÉireann is a federal University system of constituent universities, previously called The former are now referred to as constituent universities — institutions that are essentially universities in their own right. The National University can trace its existence back to 1850 and the creation of the Queen's University of Ireland and the creation of the Catholic University of Ireland in 1854. The Queen's University of Ireland was established formally by Royal Charter on September 3, 1850, as the degree-awarding University of the The Catholic University of Ireland (Ollscoil Chaitliceach na hÉireann was a Catholic University in Dublin, Ireland and was founded From 1880, the degree awarding roles of these two universities was taken over by the Royal University of Ireland, which remained until the creation of the National University in 1908 and the Queen's University of Belfast. The Royal University of Ireland was founded in accordance with the University Education (Ireland Act 1879 as an examining and degree-awarding university based on the model of Queen's University Belfast is a university in Belfast, Northern Ireland.

The state's two new universities Dublin City University and University of Limerick were initially National Institute for Higher Education institutions. Dublin City University ( DCU) (Ollscoil Chathair Bhaile Átha Cliath is a University situated between Glasnevin, Ballymun and Whitehall The University of Limerick ( UL) (Ollscoil Luimnigh was established in 1972 as the National Institute for Higher Education, Limerick and A National Institute for Higher Education ( NIHE) (Foras Náisiúnta um Ard-Oideachas was a category of Higher education institution established in the Republic These institutions offered university level academic degrees and research from the start of their existence and were awarded university status in 1989 in recognition of this. A degree is any of a wide range of status levels conferred by institutions of Higher education, such as universities, normally as the result of successfully completing Research is defined as Human activity based on Intellectual application in the investigation of Matter. These two universities now follow the general trend of universities having associated colleges offering their degrees.

Third level technical education in the state has been carried out in the Regional Technical College network since 1970. A Regional Technical College ( RTC) is a type of College in Ireland now replaced by an Institute of Technology ( IT) These institutions are now referred to as Institutes of Technology, and some have delegated authority that entitles them to give degrees and diplomas in their own name. Initially these institutions offered only National Certificate and National Diploma courses. National Certificate (Teastais Náisiúnta (often abbreviated to NCert or NC) is the name of an educational award in a number of countries although the actual The National Diploma ( NDip) (Dioplóma Náisiúnta is a three year ab initio specialised Higher education qualification in a technology discipline offered Now they also offer academic degrees at undergraduate and postgraduate level. A degree is any of a wide range of status levels conferred by institutions of Higher education, such as universities, normally as the result of successfully completing In some Educational systems undergraduate education is Post-secondary education up to the level of a Bachelor's degree. See also Postgraduate Training in Education Postgraduate education (synonymous in North America with graduate education, and sometimes described

A number of Private Colleges exist such as Griffith College, providing undergraduate and postgraduate courses validated by HETAC and in some cases by other Universities. History and General Information Griffith College in Dublin ( GCD) (Coláiste Uí Ghríofa is a Private college located on the former Griffith In some Educational systems undergraduate education is Post-secondary education up to the level of a Bachelor's degree. See also Postgraduate Training in Education Postgraduate education (synonymous in North America with graduate education, and sometimes described The Higher Education and Training Awards Council ( ( HETAC) the legal successor to the National Council for Educational Awards (NCEA grants Higher education

Other types of college include Colleges of Education, such as National College of Ireland. National College of Ireland, wwwncirlie is committed to advancing knowledge in its specialist areas of business human resource management accountancy finance computing and community These are specialist institutions, often linked to a university, which provide both undergraduate and postgraduate academic degrees for people who want to train as teachers. In some Educational systems undergraduate education is Post-secondary education up to the level of a Bachelor's degree. See also Postgraduate Training in Education Postgraduate education (synonymous in North America with graduate education, and sometimes described A degree is any of a wide range of status levels conferred by institutions of Higher education, such as universities, normally as the result of successfully completing

Hong Kong

See also: Education in Hong Kong

In Hong Kong, the term "college" has a range of meanings, as in the British case. Education in Hong Kong has a similar system to that of the United Kingdom, in particular the English education system of Hong Kong was modernized by the Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders In the first case it can refer to a secondary school. Secondary school is a term used to describe an educational Institution where the final stage of compulsory schooling known as Secondary education, takes It is also used by tertiary institutions as either part of their names or to refer to a constituent part of the university, such as the colleges in the collegiate Chinese University of Hong Kong; or to a residence hall of a university, such as St. John's College, University of Hong Kong. The Chinese University of Hong Kong, commonly referred to as CUHK, is the second oldest university in Hong Kong St John’s College is a constituent residential college of the University of Hong Kong in Hong Kong.

India

See also: Colleges and institutes in India, Indian Institute of Management, and Indian Statistical Institute

The term university is more common than college in India. Colleges & Institutes Andhra Pradesh Andhra Medical College Bapatla Engineering The Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs are India's premier Management institutes that also conduct research and provide consultancy services in the field of management Indian Statistical Institute (ISI engages in the research teaching and application of Statistics to the Natural sciences and Social sciences. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Generally, colleges are located in different parts of a state and all of them are affiliated to a regional university. The colleges offer programmes under that university. Examinations are conducted by the university at the same time for all colleges under its affiliation. There are several hundred universities and each university has affiliated colleges.

The first liberal arts and sciences college in India was the Presidency College, Kolkata (estd. Presidency College Kolkata is one of the affiliated colleges and a co-founding college of the University of Calcutta. 1817) (initially known as Hindu College). The first commerce and economics college in India was the Sydenham College, Mumbai which was established in the year 1913. Sydenham College or Sydenham College of Commerce and Economics is an institute located in Mumbai (previously Bombay affiliated to the University of Bombay Mumbai ( Marathi:,, IPA: formerly Bombay, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the financial The first Missionary institution to impart Western style education in India was the Scottish Church College, Calcutta (estd. The Scottish Church College, which is located at 1 & 3 Urquhart Square Calcutta 700006 is the oldest continuing Missionary administered liberal arts and sciences college 1830). The first modern university in India was the University of Calcutta (est. Formally established on the 24 January 1857, the University of Calcutta (also known as Calcutta University) (কলকাতা বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় January 1857). The first research institution for the study of the social sciences and ushering the spirit of Oriental research was the Asiatic Society, (est. The Orient is a term which simply means the " East " It originated in Western Asia to describe that part of the world The Asiatic Society was founded by Sir William Jones ( 1746 - 1794) on January 15, 1784 in a meeting presided over by Sir Robert 1784). The first college for the study of Christian theology and ecumenical enquiry has been the Serampore College (est. Serampore College is located in Serampore Town in Hooghly District, West Bengal, India. 1818).

The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) are specialized institutions that award their own degrees. The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs, are a group of fourteen autonomous Engineering and Technology -oriented institutes of Higher education established They are premier institutes in India. There are only seven of them at present.

New Zealand

In New Zealand the word "college" normally refers to a secondary school for ages 13 to 17. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island Australia See also Education In contrast, most older schools of the same type are "high schools". Also, single-sex schools are more likely to be "Someplace Boys/Girls High School", but there are also very many coeducational "high schools". The difference between "high schools" and "colleges" is usually only one of terminology. However, many private or integrated schools are known as "such and such college" There does seem to be a geographical difference in terminology: "colleges" most frequently appear in the North Island, whereas "high schools" are more common in the South Island.

The constituent colleges of the former University of New Zealand (such as Canterbury University College) have become independent universities. The University of New Zealand was the New Zealand University from 1870 to 1961. Some halls of residence associated with New Zealand universities retain the name of "college", particularly at the University of Otago (which although brought under the umbrella of the University of New Zealand, already possessed university status and degree awarding powers). The University of Otago ( Te Whare Wānanga o Otāgo) in Dunedin is New Zealand 's oldest university with over 20000 students enrolled during The institutions formerly known as "Teacher-training colleges" now style themselves "College of education".

Some universities, such as the University of Canterbury, have divided their University into constituent administrative "Colleges" - the College of Arts containing departments that teach Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, College of Science containing Science departments, and so on. This page discusses the New Zealand university For universities in Canterbury England see the University of Kent and Canterbury Christ Church University This is largely modelled on the Cambridge model, discussed above.

Like the United Kingdom some professional bodies in New Zealand style themselves as "colleges", for example, the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons, the R. A. C. of Physicians

Philippines

The Philippines is heavily influenced by American educational system. Colleges are institutions of learning that grant degrees.

Singapore

The term "college" in Singapore is generally only used for pre-university educational institutions called "Junior Colleges", which provide the final two years of secondary education (equivalent to sixth form in British terms or grades 11-12 in the American system). Singapore Australia See also Education Since 1 January 2005, the term also refers to the three campuses of the Institute of Technical Education with the introduction of the "collegiate system", in which the three institutions are called ITE College East, ITE College Central, and ITE College West respectively. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Institute of Technical Education ( Abbreviation: ITE; Chinese: 工艺教育学院 is a post-secondary institution in Singapore that ITE College East (ITE CE-SM is a division of the Institute of Technical Education. ITE College Central (ITE CC (Former Name ITE East Network is a Vocational institute and currently a name of the former ITE East Network division ITE College West (ITE CW is a Vocational institute and currently a name of the former ITE West Network division of the Institute of Technical Education

The term "university" is used to describe higher-education institutions offering locally-conferred degrees. A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects Institutions offering diplomas are called "polytechnics", while other institutions are often referred to as "institutes" and so forth. Institute of technology, and polytechnic, are designations employed in a wide range of learning institutions awarding different types of degrees and operating often at variable

Sri Lanka

In Sri Lanka the word "college" normally refers to a secondary school, however not always. Australia See also Education A limited number of exclusive secondary schools that were established during the colonial period based on English public school model and several catholic schools were named colleges. Many post-independence adapted the term college too.

There are several professional higher-education institutions that offer higher-education without granting degrees that are referred to as "colleges". This may include Sri Lanka Law College. Sri Lanka Law College was established as the Ceylon Law College under the Council of Legal Education (it self established in 1873 in 1874 in order to impart a formal legal education to

South Africa

Similar to New Zealand, in South Africa the word "college" normally refers to a secondary school. Australia See also Education Nevertheless, most secondary schools are called "Someplace High (School)". The word "college" in South Africa generally implies that the school is private. In many cases the high school is exclusive and follows the English public school model. Thus no less than six of South Africa's Elite Seven high schools call themselves "college" and fit this description. The Elite Seven is an unofficial reference to seven private, boys only high schools in South Africa, some of which admit girls in the VI Form A typical example of this category would be St John's College. St John's College is a private school for boys in Houghton, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.

Another category of private high schools also use the "college" term. However, these schools do not follow the English public school model, but rather are more informal in character and specialize in improving children's marks through intensive focus on examination needs. These "colleges" are thus often nick-named "cram-colleges"

Although the term "college" is hardly used in any context at any university in South Africa, some non-university tertiary institutions call themselves colleges. These include teacher training colleges, business colleges and wildlife management colleges to name a few.

The non-English-speaking world

Some languages beyond English use words similar to "college". (French, for example, has the Collège de France. The Collège de France is a higher education and research establishment ( Grand établissement) located in Paris, France, in the 5th arrondissement ) However, in other languages, confusion is most likely to arise when an American is reading something translated by someone using British conventions, or vice versa.

Belgium

In Belgium, the term college is used for some catholic secondary schools (public secondary schools are often called atheneum). The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those High school is the name used in some parts of the world (in particular Scotland, North America and Australia) to describe an institution For higher education, there are two types of institutions: the Hogeschool (Dutch) / Haute Ecole (French) (which literally means high school but can be translated as university college or as vocational university) and the university. Higher education is Education that is provided by universities, vocational universities, Community colleges Liberal arts colleges The term " university college " is used in a number of countries to denote institutions that provide Tertiary education but do not have full or independent A vocational university (professional university or college of higher vocational studies is an institution of Higher education and sometimes Research, which A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects With the current reform of higher education under the Bologna process, the Hogescholen / Hautes Ecoles offer professional bachelor's degrees (3 years study in one cycle) or academic bachelor's degrees (first cycle of 3 years study) and master's degrees (second cycle of 1 or 2 years in addition to the academic bachelor's degree). The purpose of the Bologna process (or Bologna accords is to create the European higher education area by making Academic degree standards and quality assurance standards This article is about people called professionals For the Movie, see The Professional or Leon. A bachelor's degree is usually an Undergraduate Academic degree awarded for a course or major that generally lasts for three four or in some cases and A bachelor's degree is usually an Undergraduate Academic degree awarded for a course or major that generally lasts for three four or in some cases and Universities offer academic bachelor's degrees, master's degrees and doctorate's degrees (minimum 3 years). A doctorate is an Academic degree that indicates the highest level of academic achievement More information about the higher education system can be found in the Higher Education Registers^[8][9]

Brazil

In Brazil the term colégio (college) is normally used to refer to primary and secondary education institutions and mainly limited to private schools. |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld It is more common to call a primary or secondary public school escola (school). The term public school has two distinct (and virtually opposite meanings depending on the location of usage in the United States, Australia and Colégio is never used to refer to tertiary education institutions, which are called either universidade (university) or faculdade (faculty or college in US terminology).

East Asia

In the People's Republic of China, Japan, South Korea and other East Asian states, colleges and universities are collectively named 大學 or in simplified writing 大学, which is a word originally introduced by Confucius with his influential book of the same name. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː Confucius ( lit " Master Kung " September 28, 551 BC - 479 BC) was a Chinese thinker and social philosopher The original word and subsequently the book's title is most frequently translated to "The Great Learning". The Great Learning ( is the first of the Four books which were selected by Zhu Xi during the Song Dynasty as a foundational introduction to Today's pronunciation of this word is country- and sometimes region- specific and includes daxue (Chinese), daigaku (Japanese), and daehak (Korean). In Japan, daigaku is usually considered distinct from senmon gakkou (専門学校), which is more of a post-secondary vocational school. Tertiary education, also referred to as third stage third level and' post-secondary education', is the educational level following the completion of a school providing Vocational education or Vocational Education and Training (VET also called Career and Technical Education (CTE prepares learners for jobs that are based In the People's Republic of China, the college students are selected through the annual National College Entrance Examination. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES The National Higher Education Entrance Examination is an academic examination held annually in the mainland of the People's Republic of China. The meaning of 大學 is clear, but in the case of smaller institutions, the term 學院 ("xueyuan" in Chinese) is often used and, like "college" in English, can refer to either an institution of tertiary or secondary education.

Denmark

In Denmark the term kollegium means dormitory. The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe Dormitory typically refers in the United States to residence halls which are sleeping quarters or entire buildings primarily providing sleeping and residential quarters for A university is called a universitet. Some institutes of higher education call themselves højskole which literally means "high school" e. Folk High Schools Folk high schools ( Danish: Folkehøjskole Finnish: kansanopisto and työväenopisto or kansalaisopisto g. Handelshøjskolen i København (Copenhagen Business School) . Copenhagen Business School, also known as CBS, is one of the three largest business schools in Northern Europe and is situated in Copenhagen, Denmark

Finland

In Finland the term college has no single counterpart. Finland, officially the Republic of Finland ( is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. A general university is called yliopisto (in Swedish, universitet). A university on a specific field of study is korkeakoulu (literally, high school). The Swedish term is högskola. In translation they use "university", "school", or "academy". An institute of the more practically oriented branch of tertiary education is ammattikorkeakoulu, in Swedish yrkeshögskola. Some of them translate their name as "polytechnic", some as "university of applied science".

France

In France, collège generally refers to a middle school or junior high school. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Middle school or Junior High School serves as a "bridge" between the Elementary School and the High School However, it can also be used in a manner more similar to that of English, such as in the term electoral college or the Collège de France. An electoral college is a set of many electors who are empowered to elect a candidate to a particular Office. The Collège de France is a higher education and research establishment ( Grand établissement) located in Paris, France, in the 5th arrondissement The latter use, though, is not as common.

Germany

In Germany a Hochschule or Universität is an institute of tertiary education. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Hochschule (plural Hochschulen) is a German term referring to all instituations in the post-secondary Higher education system which grant academic degrees Tertiary education, also referred to as third stage third level and' post-secondary education', is the educational level following the completion of a school providing "University" is a more proper term to use than a direct translation: Hochschule literally means "high school". German secondary education often takes place in an institution called in German an Oberschule, with its specific forms Hauptschule, Realschule, Gymnasium, and in some states also Gesamtschule, together with vocational secondary education in the Berufsschule (in North Rhine-Westphalia called Berufskolleg). Australia See also Education The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Responsibility for German education system lies primarily with the states while the federal government only has a minor role A "Hauptschule" (general school is a Secondary school in Germany and Austria, starting after 4 years of Elementary schooling Any student The Realschule is a type of Secondary school in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein. A gymnasium (pronounced with ɡ- in several languages is a type of school providing Secondary education in some parts of Europe, comparable to English grammar Germany (Deutschland is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen States, known in German as Länder (singular A comprehensive school is a Secondary school and State school for children from the age of 11 to at least 16 that does not select children on the basis of academic Responsibility for German education system lies primarily with the states while the federal government only has a minor role North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen usually shortened to NRW, official short form NW is the westernmost and - in terms of population and economic output - the The term Kolleg (literally: college) is used in some states for institutions of adult education where graduates of a Berufsschule can graduate with an Abitur (which one will otherwise only achieve by graduating successfully from the Gymnasium). Germany (Deutschland is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen States, known in German as Länder (singular Adult education is the practice of teaching and educating adults Abitur (from Latin abire = go away go off is a designation used in Germany and Finland for final exams that young adults take at the end of A gymnasium (pronounced with ɡ- in several languages is a type of school providing Secondary education in some parts of Europe, comparable to English grammar College is the equivalent of the German Oberstufe (12th and 13th grade) in the Gymnasium. A gymnasium (pronounced with ɡ- in several languages is a type of school providing Secondary education in some parts of Europe, comparable to English grammar Having graduated from the Gymnasium with an Abitur enables one to go to university. A gymnasium (pronounced with ɡ- in several languages is a type of school providing Secondary education in some parts of Europe, comparable to English grammar Abitur (from Latin abire = go away go off is a designation used in Germany and Finland for final exams that young adults take at the end of A Graduiertenkolleg is a German Graduate school and a Studienkolleg is a special university-preparatory school for foreign students whose foreign high school diploma is not recognised to be equivalent to a German Abitur. A graduate school or ("grad school" is a school that awards advanced degrees such as doctoral degrees with the general requirement that students must have earned

Greece

In Greece the term college is mainly used to refer to private secondary education institutions (high schools and junior high schools), while Πανεπιστήμιο (University) is the term utilized for Higher Education. Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία

Hungary

In Hungary the term kollégium refers to a dormitory that may or may not be independent from an educational institution; it can also refer to a university's autonomous student organisation, dedicated to the advanced study of a certain science, topic etc, for example the "College for Social Theory". Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic Dormitory typically refers in the United States to residence halls which are sleeping quarters or entire buildings primarily providing sleeping and residential quarters for

Indonesia

In Indonesia the term kolese refers to a school that be organized by Jesuits. The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order For example, Kolese Kanisius, Jakarta. Jakarta (also DKI Jakarta) is the Capital and largest city of Indonesia.

Israel

In Israel tertiary institutions accredited to confer a Bachelor's (and in some cases also a Master's) degree, which are not universities, are called Colleges (Hebrew: מכללות‎, Mikhlalot); the primary distinction is that only universities may award doctorate degrees. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Tertiary education, also referred to as third stage third level and' post-secondary education', is the educational level following the completion of a school providing A doctorate is an Academic degree that indicates the highest level of academic achievement There are over twenty colleges as well as a similar number of teacher training colleges, most of which can award only a Bachelor of Education (B. A Bachelor of Education ( BEd) is an undergraduate Academic degree which qualifies the graduate as a Teacher in Schools. Ed. ) degree; see the full list of colleges, as well as of universities in Israel. There are eight official universities in Israel. In addition there are a few dozen Colleges and other institutes of higher learning as well as about a dozen There are eight official universities in Israel. In addition there are a few dozen Colleges and other institutes of higher learning as well as about a dozen

Italy

In Republican Rome, a collegium could be a voluntary association of men who met at a particular tavern at a major crossroads. A crossroads college was a social club, not a school. Business deals and even assassinations could be planned there, quietly, over a carafe of wine. (Source: Colleen McCullough, "The First Man in Rome,"1990. )

In Italy the term collegio, in school contest, refers to a particular school (with elite, alternative or stricter education; a collegio offered by the State to the children of some of its civil employee, or a collegio related to a military education, is more commonly called convitto), with possibility of passing here the night or most of the day. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest

Netherlands

In the Netherlands the term college is used for institutes of secondary education. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Australia See also Education The term college is also used for classes or lectures at university. Confusingly, college is also used to refer to both the mayor and aldermen of a municipality, who form the municipal government. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government An alderman is a member of a municipal assembly or council in many jurisdictions

Norway

In Norway the term "university college" is used as an official English translation for høgskole (alternatively spelt høyskole and høgskule), a term used for independent educational institutions providing tertiary, but not quaternary education. Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional The term " university college " is used in a number of countries to denote institutions that provide Tertiary education but do not have full or independent The term " university college " is used in a number of countries to denote institutions that provide Tertiary education but do not have full or independent This list of universities in Norway presents the country 's universities giving their locations abbreviated titles (in Norwegian) and years of establishment Tertiary education, also referred to as third stage third level and' post-secondary education', is the educational level following the completion of a school providing See also Postgraduate Training in Education Postgraduate education (synonymous in North America with graduate education, and sometimes described Similarly to the situation in Germany, Sweden and Denmark, the Norwegian term høgskole literally means "high school". Norwegian ( norsk) is a North Germanic Language spoken primarily in Norway, where it is an official language

Portugal

In Portugal the term college (colégio) is mainly used to refer to private secondary education institutions, while Universidade (University), Faculdade, Instituto or Escola Superior are the terms generally used for several kind of higher education institutions. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. Australia See also Education

Romania

In Romania, college is a middle educational institution. Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania It is the same as high school in U. S. A.

Russia

In Russia, upon finishing 9th grade students can choose to either continue attending high school and then go on to universities, or go to college. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending High school is the name used in some parts of the world (in particular Scotland, North America and Australia) to describe an institution Colleges provide high school and technical education. Vocational education or Vocational Education and Training (VET also called Career and Technical Education (CTE prepares learners for jobs that are based After graduating from college students can continue their education in universities.

Spain, Spanish-speaking countries (Latin America)

In Spain and the Spanish speaking countries of Latin America the term colegio (school) refers to either institutions for primary and secondary education or some homogeneous grouping of people who refer to themselves as a colegio inasmuch as they are colleagues. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. For example, in Peru the professional organizations that group the lawyers of Lima or the biologists of Peru are called "Colegio de Abogados de Lima" (or College of Lawyers of Lima) and Colegio de Biologos del Peru; in Colombia, an example of professional body is the "Colegio Colombiano de Archivistas - CCA", called in English Colombian College of Archivists - CCA. Peru (Perú Piruw Piruw officially the Republic of Peru ( reˈpuβlika del peˈɾu is a country in western South America. A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law as an attorney, Counsel or Solicitor; a person Lima is the Capital and largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín rivers on a coast overlooking Colegio de Biólogos del Perú or College of Biologists of Peru is a professional association in Peru that accepts as members only graduates in Biology that have Colombia (kəˈlʌmbɪə officially the Republic of Colombia () is a country in northwestern South America. The Colombian College of Archivists - CCA is a private institution of social scientific research democratic participatory and pluralistic character which is based in the work interdisciplinarity An exception is Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico (ˌpwertoˈriko officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ("Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico" {{lang-en|"Associated Free State of Puerto Rico"}} On the island the word "colegio" usually refers to elementary to secondary private schools, while the word "escuela" is used to refer to elementary to secondary public schools. A unit of the University of Puerto Rico system is called El Colegio ( the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez ) for traditional reasons. Founded in 1903 the University of Puerto Rico ( Universidad de Puerto Rico in Spanish, UPR) is the oldest and largest University system in The University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez ( UPRM) &mdashor Recinto Universitario de Mayagüez ( RUM) in Spanish &mdash is a State university The University of Puerto Rico was founded during the American sovereignty. Therefore, the graduates of this unit even at the Ph. D. level are Colegiales.

Sweden

In Sweden the term "university college" is used as an official English translation for högskola, a term used for independent educational institutions providing tertiary, but not quaternary education. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. The term " university college " is used in a number of countries to denote institutions that provide Tertiary education but do not have full or independent A vocational university (professional university or college of higher vocational studies is an institution of Higher education and sometimes Research, which This article contains a list of Swedish universities and University colleges is based on the Higher Education Ordinance of 1993 (as amended until January 2006 Tertiary education, also referred to as third stage third level and' post-secondary education', is the educational level following the completion of a school providing See also Postgraduate Training in Education Postgraduate education (synonymous in North America with graduate education, and sometimes described Similarly to the situation in Norway, the Swedish term högskola literally means "high school". Swedish ( is a North Germanic language spoken by more than nine million people predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along the The same term is also used for a number of institutions which function as specialized universities rather than university colleges, providing quaternary education and conducting research. A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects Research is defined as Human activity based on Intellectual application in the investigation of Matter. Before studying at a "högskola" or university (universitet), you must have fulfilled the Gymnasium (school), being the grades from 10 to 12. A gymnasium (pronounced with ɡ- in several languages is a type of school providing Secondary education in some parts of Europe, comparable to English grammar That means that the common högskola/university student is 19 years old and above.

Examples of Swedish universities are found at List of universities in Sweden

Switzerland

In some cantons of the French speaking part of Switzerland and also on the border to the Swiss German speaking part (i. This article contains a list of Swedish universities and University colleges is based on the Higher Education Ordinance of 1993 (as amended until January 2006 The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the states of the Federal state of Switzerland. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation Swiss German ( Schweizerdeutsch, Schwyzerdütsch, Schwiizertüütsch, Schwizertitsch) is any of the Alemannic dialects spoken e. in Fribourg) the French term “Collège” (German: Kollegium) is used for middle school or junior high school and sometimes for the Gymnasium (10th to 13th grade) which lends to the matura. Fribourg ( French) (Freiburg or de Freiburg im [[Üechtland]], often Fribourg) is the capital of the Swiss canton of A gymnasium (pronounced with ɡ- in several languages is a type of school providing Secondary education in some parts of Europe, comparable to English grammar Matura (Matur Maturita Maturità Maturität матура is the word commonly used in Austria, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria It is also used as a name for the physical building in which obligatory education takes place (e. g. , Le Collège de La Planta).

Turkey

In Turkey, the term college (kolej in Turkish) refers to private high schools. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches The name originates from Robert College, the first American educational institution founded outside the United States. Robert College of Istanbul ( Turkish: Istanbul Amerikan Robert Lisesi) is one of the most selective independent private high schools in Turkey. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Though founded as a college, the school also had middle and secondary sections over the years after its foundation in 1863. Since 1971, Robert College operates as a private high school; however, the term kolej (college) is widely used by the private high schools that flourished over the last few decades, as an imitation of foreign schools, like Robert College, in Turkey. Robert College of Istanbul ( Turkish: Istanbul Amerikan Robert Lisesi) is one of the most selective independent private high schools in Turkey. Kolej is the Turkish word for college though it is used as a supplementary title for private high schools in Turkey. Robert College of Istanbul ( Turkish: Istanbul Amerikan Robert Lisesi) is one of the most selective independent private high schools in Turkey. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches According to the Turkish education system, official name for a private high school is the direct translation, özel lise, not kolej. The Turkish Education System was built in accordance with the Atatürk's Reforms after the Turkish War of Independence. Kolej is the Turkish word for college though it is used as a supplementary title for private high schools in Turkey.

Vietnam

In Vietnam there are 2 ways to use the word "college".

Vietnamese usually say "college" refers to "cao đẳng". "Cao đẳng" is a higher education institute in Vietnam. The courses last for 3 years, 1 year shorter than "đại học" (Vietnamese, means "university"). After graduation from a college, students are awarded a degree. This degree is evaluated below a degree from a university. If necessary, the student with a colleges' degree can transfer to a university and study in one year or more to complete their course at a suitable university. Vietnamese students always want to attend a university rather than a college since they think college is not as good as university.

The second usage is not common. "College" refer to a school in a university, like some in the US. Vietnam National University, Hanoi has 5 colleges in its divisions.

See also

• Career college
• Collegiate church
• Community college
• Historically black colleges
• Junior college
• Residential college
• Sixth form college
• University college
• University
• List of colleges and universities
• Electoral college
• College of Cardinals
• House system
• Colleges within UK Universities
• List of Art Colleges in Europe

References

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