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For other uses, see Cola (disambiguation).
The Indonesian version of the characteristically-shaped Coca-Cola bottle
The Indonesian version of the characteristically-shaped Coca-Cola bottle
A can of Pepsi cola
A can of Pepsi cola

Cola is a sweet, carbonated drink usually with caramel coloring and containing caffeine. Coca-Cola is a carbonated Soft drink sold in stores restaurants and Vending machines in more than 200 countries Pepsi-Cola is a carbonated beverage that is produced and manufactured by PepsiCo. Caramel coloring is Caramel used as a Food coloring; it is made by controlled heating of Sugar, generally in the presence of Acids or Alkalis Caffeine is a bitter white crystalline Xanthine Alkaloid that acts as a Psychoactive Stimulant Drug and a mild Diuretic [1]

Originally invented by the druggist John Pemberton, it has become popular worldwide. John Stith Pemberton ( January 8, 1831 &ndash August 16, 1888) was an American Druggist and the inventor of Cola Today, Coca-Cola, Pepsi, and RC Cola have become the major international brands, leading to the drink often being seen as a symbol of the west. Coca-Cola is a carbonated Soft drink sold in stores restaurants and Vending machines in more than 200 countries Pepsi-Cola is a carbonated beverage that is produced and manufactured by PepsiCo. RC Cola (or Royal Crown Cola) is a Cola Soft drink developed in 1905 by Columbus Georgia Pharmacist Claude A

During the Cold War, it was perceived in many countries as a symbol of the American power and culture. Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the As a result, communist and anti-American countries created their own national versions of the cola drinks, such as the Czech and Slovak Kofola or Polish Polo-Cockta. Kofola is a carbonated Soft drink produced in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Polo-Cockta (sometimes written as 'Polo Cockta' or 'Polo-Cocta' is a Polish Coca-Cola-like drink introduced in the 1970s These days Mecca-Cola is marketed as an alternative to U. Mecca-Cola is a cola-flavoured carbonated beverage. The flagship product of the Mecca Cola World Company, it is marketed as an alternative to S. brands such as Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola. Coca-Cola is a carbonated Soft drink sold in stores restaurants and Vending machines in more than 200 countries Pepsi-Cola is a carbonated beverage that is produced and manufactured by PepsiCo.


Contents

Flavoring

Despite the name, the primary flavoring ingredients in a cola drink are sugar, vanilla, lime peel, cinnamon, and orange peel different manufacturers of cola drinks add other trace ingredients to the drink in addition to these flavorings in order to create distinctively different tastes for each brand. Sugar is a class of edible Crystalline substances mainly Sucrose, Lactose, and Fructose. Vanilla is a Flavoring derived from Orchids of the genus Vanilla native to Mexico. Lime is a term referring to a number of different fruits (generally Citruses, both Species and hybrids, which are typically round green to yellow Cinnamon ( Cinnamomum verum, synonym C zeylanicum) is a small Evergreen Tree 10–15 metres (32 An orange —specifically the sweet orange —is the Citrus fruit Citrus sinensis ( syn Trace flavorings may include orange, nutmeg, and a wide variety of ingredients, but the base flavorings that most people identify with a cola taste remain vanilla and cinnamon. An orange —specifically the sweet orange —is the Citrus fruit Citrus sinensis ( syn The nutmegs Myristica are a Genus of Evergreen Trees indigenous to tropical southeast Asia and Australasia Kola nuts, which have a bitter taste, contribute little or no flavor to most cola recipes. Kola nut ( Cola) is a genus of about 125 species of Trees native to the tropical Rainforests of Africa, classified in the family Acidity is often provided by phosphoric acid, sometimes accompanied by citric or other isolated acids. Phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V acid, is a mineral (inorganic acid having the Chemical formula

Inexpensive colas may contain only vanilla and cinnamon as flavorings, which provide a simple cola taste. Many cola drink recipes are closely-guarded secrets of their manufacturers, with the recipe used by Coca-Cola being perhaps the most famous in this respect. The Coca-Cola formula is The Coca-Cola Company 's secret recipe for Coca-Cola.

In addition to sweeteners such as high fructose corn syrup, many other sweeteners may be used as the sweetening ingredient in cola, including sugar, stevia, or an artificial sweetener depending on product and market. High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS is any of a group of Corn syrups that has undergone Enzymatic processing to increase its Fructose content and is then mixed Sugar is a class of edible Crystalline substances mainly Sucrose, Lactose, and Fructose. Stevia is a Genus of about 240 Species of herbs and Shrubs in the sunflower family ( Asteraceae) native to Subtropical "Sugar-free" or "diet" colas contain artificial sweeteners only.

Brands

The most successful brands of cola are Coca-Cola, Pepsi, and RC Cola. Coca-Cola is a carbonated Soft drink sold in stores restaurants and Vending machines in more than 200 countries Pepsi-Cola is a carbonated beverage that is produced and manufactured by PepsiCo. RC Cola (or Royal Crown Cola) is a Cola Soft drink developed in 1905 by Columbus Georgia Pharmacist Claude A There are too many local brands to list, made by small regional producers but certain countries and continents have variants produced on a mass scale for large populations. Many generic manufacturers of cola around the world now exist. Dr Pepper is not a cola brand and has 23 distinct flavors (according to the manufacturer) and found not to be cola in a 1963 U. Dr Pepper is a soft drink marketed in North America, South America and Europe by Dr Pepper Snapple Group. S. district court case. [2]

Europe

Asia and the Middle East

Americas

Chemical reactions

The carbonation in this cup of cola is evident from the bubbles.
The carbonation in this cup of cola is evident from the bubbles.

Being carbonated, colas are acidic (carbonic acid is formed when carbon dioxide dissolves in water), and so can react violently with basic chemicals, such as baking soda. Carbonic acid (ancient name acid of air or aerial acid) has the formula H2CO3 Carbon dioxide ( Chemical formula:) is a Chemical compound composed of two Oxygen Atoms covalently bonded to a single In Chemistry, a base is most commonly thought of as an aqueous substance that can accept Protons This refers to the Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and Sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate is the Chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3 Many colas also contain phosphoric acid and/or citric acid, which further increases the acidity. Phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V acid, is a mineral (inorganic acid having the Chemical formula Citric acid is a weak organic Acid. It is a natural Preservative and is also used to add an acidic or sour taste to foods and Soft drinks [3] Colas containing phosphoric acid have been linked to chronic kidney disease. [4] Drinking two or more of these colas per day more than doubled the incidence of kidney disease, while colas containing citric acid did not have an effect.

The Diet Coke and Mentos eruption is an experiment that became popular at the start of the 21st century. Diet Coke and Mentos Eruption (also known as a Mentos eruption or a soda geyser) is a reaction of Diet Coke and mint Mentos candies Mentos candies and crystalline powders such as sugar and salt when added to cola (usually diet coke), cause fizzing by providing many micronucleation points for the carbon dioxide to leave solution. Mentos is a brand of mints sold in many markets across the world by the Perfetti Van Melle Corporation. Nucleation is the onset of a Phase transition in a small region This however is a physical reaction resulting from the release of dissolved CO2 as opposed to a chemical reaction.

Another experiment involved adding dry ice, providing additional carbon dioxide and can force some of the carbon dioxide present in the drink out of solution, creating an explosion, destroying the bottle. Dry ice is solid Carbon dioxide. It is commonly used as a versatile cooling agent

In either case, mixing these substances with cola (or any other carbonated drink) causes the drink to bubble, creating foam and greatly increasing the pressure in the bottle, resulting in either the bottle or the cap giving way. [3]

Etymology

The word cola may have been introduced into the mainstream by the major producer Coca-Cola, as they saw their trademark slipping into common use, like other genericized trademarks. A genericized trademark (also known as a generic trademark or proprietary eponym) is a Trademark or Brand name that has become the colloquial They successfully defended the exclusive use of their name and its diminutive form "Coke" by suggesting the alternative of "cola drink" as a generic name for similar types of carbonated soft drinks. Coke may refer to Coke (fuel, a solid carbonaceous residue derived from destructive distillation of coal Petroleum coke, a solid carbon The word cola as part of the Coca-Cola trademark may have originated from the kola nuts that were originally used as the source of caffeine, or from when the original recipe contained coca (from which cocaine is derived). Kola nut ( Cola) is a genus of about 125 species of Trees native to the tropical Rainforests of Africa, classified in the family

See also

External links

References

  1. ^ What is Cola Flavored with?. The Cola Wars (a play on Cold War) was a campaign of mutually-targeted television advertisements and marketing campaigns in the 1980s and 1990s between Zam Zam Cola (زم زم كولا is a cola-flavored Soft drink produced in Iran. Cory Doctorow (born July 17, 1971) is a Canadian Blogger Journalist and Science fiction author who serves as co-editor Retrieved on 2007-06-19. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros.
  2. ^ Dr. Pepper FAQ
  3. ^ a b Effects of an acidic beverage (Coca-Cola) on absorption of ketoconazole. Retrieved on 2007-06-19. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros.
  4. ^ Tina M. Saldana, Olga Basso, Rebecca Darden, and Dale P. Sandler (2007). "Carbonated beverages and chronic kidney disease". Epidemiology 18 (4): 501-506. Epidemiology is the study of factors affecting the Health and Illness of populations and serves as the foundation and Logic of interventions made in the  
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