The Coharie are a Native American Tribe who descend from the Neusiok Indians on the Little Coharie River, in Sampson and Harnett County, North Carolina. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States Sampson County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina. Harnett County is a County located in the state of North Carolina, USA. The Coharie are one of eight state-recognized Native American tribes in North Carolina, the largest of which is the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States The Lumbee are a Native American tribe of North Carolina, though their origins are disputed Others include the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, Haliwa-Saponi Tribe of Indians, Sappony Indians of Person County, Meherrin Tribe of Indians, Occaneechi Band of the Saponi Nation, and the Waccamaw Siouan Tribe. The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians are a Federally recognized Native American tribe in the United States of America The Haliwa-Saponi are a group of mixed ancestry in eastern North Carolina, one of eight Native American tribes recognized by the state Person County is a County located just north of Durham ( Durham County) in the Northwest Piedmont in the U The Meherrin Nation is one of eight state-recognized Nations of Native Americans in North Carolina. The Occaneechi Band of the Saponi Nation claim to be descendants of the Saponi and other Siouan-speaking Indians who occupied the Piedmont of North Waccamaw Siouan Indians are one of eight state-recognized Native American tribal nations in North Carolina.
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Demographics
The Coharie population of Harnett and Sampson counties has steadily increased from 755 in 1970 to almost 2,700 in 2007. Harnett County is a County located in the state of North Carolina, USA. Sampson County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina. The age distribution within the Coharie tribal nation in the TDSA is predominantly adults between the ages of 21 and 65.
According to the 2000 census, the Coharie population in Sampson County is 1029, and 752 in Harnett County, for a total of 1,781. Sampson County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina. Harnett County is a County located in the state of North Carolina, USA. The Coharie Tribe consists of 2,632 enrolled members, and approximately 20% reside outside of the tribal communities in Harnett and Sampson counties. Harnett County is a County located in the state of North Carolina, USA. Sampson County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina. The Coharie community consists of four settlements: Holly Grove, New Bethel, Shiloh, and Antioch.
Government
The state of North Carolina recognized the Coharie Tribe in 1971. North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Clinton, North Carolina is the tribal seat. Clinton is a city in Sampson County, North Carolina, United States. In 1975, the tribe chartered the Coharie Intra-Tribal Council to serve as a private non-profit organization established to promote the health, education, social, and economic well-being of the Native people of Sampson and Harnett Counties. Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States Sampson County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina. Harnett County is a County located in the state of North Carolina, USA.
The Coharie Intra-Tribal Council is housed in the old Eastern Carolina Indian School building, a school that served the Native Americans of Sampson, Harnett, Cumberland, Columbus, Person, and Hoke counties from 1942 until 1966. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States Sampson County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina. Harnett County is a County located in the state of North Carolina, USA. Cumberland County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina. Columbus County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina. Person County is a County located just north of Durham ( Durham County) in the Northwest Piedmont in the U Hoke County is a County in the US state of North Carolina. It is part of the Fayetteville North Carolina Metropolitan Statistical Area
The Coharie Indian Tribe elected their first tribal chief in 1910. Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Tribal affairs are led by a tribal chief and seven tribal council members. The Coharie political leadership oversees the four communities of Coharie Indians from three geographical locations in Sampson County and one region in Harnett County. Sampson County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina. Harnett County is a County located in the state of North Carolina, USA. As is true of many Southeastern Native American groups, identifying each community of Indians is facilitated through local church membership:
- New Bethel Baptist Church: northern Sampson County
- Holly Grove Holiness Church: southern Sampson County
- Shiloh Holiness Church: western Sampson County
- Antioch Baptist Church: Harnett County
The Coharie Tribal Center is located: 7531 North US 421 Hwy. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States Sampson County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina. Sampson County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina. Sampson County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina. Harnett County is a County located in the state of North Carolina, USA. Clinton, North Carolina 28328
Relationships to other North Carolina Tribes
The Coharie have intermarried predominantly with the Lumbee and Tuscarora Indians of Robeson County, as well as with the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. The Lumbee are a Native American tribe of North Carolina, though their origins are disputed The Tuscarora ("hemp gatherers" are an American Indian tribe with members in New York, Canada, and North Carolina. Robeson County is in the US state of North Carolina. As of 2004 the county had a population of 126469-- an increase of 2 The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians are a Federally recognized Native American tribe in the United States of America
History
Seventeenth Century
Historians generally contend that the Coharie are descendants of the Neusiok, Coree, Tuscarora, and Waccamaw, who occupied what is now the central portion of North Carolina. The Tuscarora ("hemp gatherers" are an American Indian tribe with members in New York, Canada, and North Carolina. The Waccamaw Indians of South Carolina, distinct from the Waccamaw Siouan Indians of North Carolina, are a state recognized tribe of Native Americans North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States In the early seventeenth century, the Coree were ensconced along the Big Coharie and the Little Coharie Rivers in present-day Sampson County. Sampson County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina.
Eighteenth Century
Between 1730 and 1745, intertribal conflicts as well as hostilities between Native peoples and English colonials turned the Southeast, and in particular, the Carolinas into a maelstrom of violent activity-- from the acceleration of the Deerskin and Indian Slave trades, to the spread of disease and disruptions of warfare. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States Families of Coree, Waccamaw, and Neusiok Indians began to seek refuge from colonial incursions in northern and northeastern North Carolina, and moved into what is now Harnett and Sampson counties, establishing a small, albeit effective political base. The Waccamaw Indians of South Carolina, distinct from the Waccamaw Siouan Indians of North Carolina, are a state recognized tribe of Native Americans North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States Harnett County is a County located in the state of North Carolina, USA. Sampson County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina.
Nineteenth Century
Throughout the 1800s, the Coharie built their political base in Sampson County. Sampson County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina. The Coharie held the right to own and use firearms, and vote in local elections. However, with the convergence of Indian removal policy on the federal level, and the ratification of the 1835 amendment to North Carolina's constitution on the state level, the Coharie, much like their Native and free black neighbors, found themselves politically vulnerable. Indian Removal was a nineteenth century policy of the government of the United States to ethnically cleanse Native American tribes living east of the Mississippi Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States In 1835, the state of North Carolina disenfranchised the Coharie. North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States
Nevertheless, in 1859, the Coharie established their own subscription school. Year 1859 ( MDCCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common In 1911, the Coharie asked North Carolina to provide Indian schools in Sampson County. Year 1911 ( MCMXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States Sampson County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina. In that same year, the Coharie established New Bethel Indian School in New Bethel Township, Sampson County. Sampson County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina. In 1912, they Coharie established a school in Herring Township, after the first year of which, the state stopped supporting the school. Year 1912 ( MCMXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting Following the precedent set by the Lumbee Indians of Robeson County, the Coharie established a semi-independent school system wherein North Carolina retained some oversight. The Lumbee are a Native American tribe of North Carolina, though their origins are disputed Robeson County is in the US state of North Carolina. As of 2004 the county had a population of 126469-- an increase of 2 North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States While the state legislature rescinded its permission in 1913, it reinstated the separate Coharie school system four years later given the activism of the tribe and the assistance of its tribal attorney. Year 1913 ( MCMXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Thus, in 1917, the East Carolina Indian School was built in Herring Township, and in 1942, East Carolina Indian School was established in Sampson County. Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Sampson County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina.
Sources
- Brownwell, Margo S. "Note: Who Is An Indian? Searching For An Answer To the Question at the Core of Federal Indian Law. " University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform 34 (Fall-Winter 2001-2002): 275-320.
- Lederer, John. The Discoveries of John Lederer. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1958.
- McPherson, O. M. Indians of North Carolina: A Report on the Condition and Tribal Rights of the Indians of Robeson and Adjoining Counties of North Carolina. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1915.
- "Pamphlet. " N. C. Commission of Indian Affairs, 1990.
- Smith, Martin T. Archeology of Aboriginal Culture Change in the Interior Southeast: Depopulation During the Early Historic Period. Gainesville, FLA: University of Florida Press, 1987.
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