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Clitheroe
Clitheroe (Lancashire)
Clitheroe

Clitheroe shown within Lancashire
Population 22,000
OS grid reference SD742417
District Ribble Valley
Shire county Lancashire
Region North West
Constituent country England
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town CLITHEROE
Postcode district BB7
Dialling code 01200
Police Lancashire
Fire Lancashire
Ambulance North West
European Parliament North West England
UK Parliament Ribble Valley
List of places: UK • England • Lancashire

Coordinates: 53°52′16″N 2°23′30″W / 53.8711, -2.3916

Clitheroe is a town and civil parish in the borough of Ribble Valley, Lancashire, England. Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government Ribble Valley is a local government district with Borough status within the Non-metropolitan county of Lancashire, England (although Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties are one of the four levels of Subdivisions of England used for the purposes of Local government outside Greater London Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea The region, also known as the government office region, is currently the highest tier of local government sub-national entity of England, with only one North West England is one of the nine official Regions of England. Constituent country is a phrase used often by official institutions in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged gives an overview of States around the world with information on the extent of their Sovereignty. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system UK Postal codes are known as postcodes. UK postcodes are Alphanumeric. The, also known as the Blackburn postcode area, is a group of postal districts around Accrington, Barnoldswick, Blackburn, Burnley The UK Telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, is the system used for assigning Telephone numbers in the United There are a number of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom. Lancashire Constabulary is the Home Office police force responsible for policing the ceremonial county of Lancashire in the North West England The fire service in the United Kingdom operates under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and The Lancashire Fire and Rescue Service is the county-wide statutory emergency fire and rescue service for the Shire county of Lancashire The North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust was formed on 1 July 2006 as part of Health Minister Lord Warner's plans to reduce the number of NHS North West England is a Constituency of the European Parliament. This is a list of the 646 constituencies currently represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, as at the 2005 general election Ribble Valley is a Constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. A Gazetteer of place names in the United Kingdom showing each place's County, Unitary authority or council area and its geographical coordinates List of places --> List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in England Lists of places This is a list of places within the ceremonial county boundaries of Lancashire, England. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A civil parish in the United Kingdom is a unit of local government. Ribble Valley is a local government district with Borough status within the Non-metropolitan county of Lancashire, England (although Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland It lies on the southern edge of the Forest of Bowland and is often used as a base for tourists in the area. The Forest of Bowland, also known as the Bowland Fells, is an area of barren Gritstone Fells deep valleys and Peat Moorland, Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel The most notable building in the town is a Norman keep, quarreled as one of the smallest in the country. For other buildings in Normandy see Architecture of Normandy. A keep is a strong central Tower which is used as a dungeon or a fortress

The town elected two members to the Unreformed House of Commons. The unreformed House of Commons is the name generally given to the British House of Commons as it existed before the Reform Act of 1832. The Great Reform Act reduced this to one. The Representation of the People Act 1832, commonly known as the Reform Act 1832, was an Act of Parliament that introduced wide-ranging changes to the electoral system It was one of the boroughs reformed by the Municipal Corporations Act 1835, and remained a municipal borough until the Local Government Act 1972 came into force in 1974 when it became a successor parish within the Ribble Valley district. The Municipal Corporations Act 1835 (5 & 6 Wm IV c76 - sometimes known as the Municipal Reform Act - required members of town councils ( Municipal corporations Municipal boroughs were a type of Local government which existed in England and Wales between 1835 and 1974 in Northern Ireland from 1840 to The Local Government Act 1972 (1972 c 70 is an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, that reformed local government in England and Wales Successor parishes are Civil parishes created by the Local Government Act 1972 with the same boundaries as an Urban district or Municipal borough Ribble Valley is a local government district with Borough status within the Non-metropolitan county of Lancashire, England (although

The place has been claimed to be the most (geographically) central town in Britain, by virtue of its proximity to the village of Dunsop Bridge. There has long been debate over the exact location of the geographical centre of the United Kingdom, and its constituent countries due to the complexity and method of the calculation Dunsop Bridge is a village within the Ribble Valley borough of Lancashire, England.

Contents

Schools

The three main secondary schools in the town are Clitheroe Royal Grammar School, Ribblesdale High Technology College and Moorland School. See Royal Grammar School for the other schools with the name RGS The River Ribble is a river that runs through North Yorkshire and Lancashire, in the North of England. Technology College is a term used in the UK for a Specialist school that focuses on design and technology, Mathematics and Science Moorland School is an independent day and Boarding school situated in the Ribble Valley, Clitheroe in North West England There are several primary schools in the town. These are St James's Church of England Primary School, Sts Michael and John's Roman Catholic Primary School, Pendle Primary School, Edisford Primary School and Brookside Primary School. The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican

Industry

Clitheroe enjoys one of the lowest rates of unemployment in the UK. This is largely due to the presence of several companies that each employ hundreds. Most significant are Ultraframe, Castle Cement, Tarmac and Johnson Matthey. Castle Cement is a Cement production company located in the United Kingdom. Tarmac (short for tarmacadam, a Portmanteau for Tar -penetration Macadam) is a type of highway surface, pioneered by John Johnson Matthey plc ( is a British chemical company which has its headquarters near Holborn in central London.

Castle Cement has been criticised for using industrial waste in its kilns, which some local inhabitants claim produces poisonous dioxins. Industrial waste is a type of waste produced by industrial activity, such as that of factories, mills and mines. Not to be confused with Dioxane or Digoxin. Dioxin is a heterocyclic, organic, antiaromatic compound Castle Cement claims that its filters remove these and that government inspectors have approved the plant. However, locals continue to campaign for the use of industrial waste as fuel to cease.

Jet engine development

During World War Two, the Jet Engine was developed by the Rover Company. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including specific --->A jet engine is a Reaction engine that discharges a fast moving jet of Fluid to The Rover Company was a British Motor vehicle manufacturing company originating in Coventry in 1904 which moved to Solihull after World War II [1] Rover and Rolls-Royce met engineers from the different companies at Clitheroe's Swan & Royal Hotel. ROVER, which stands for Remotely Operated Video Enhanced Receiver is a system which allows ground forces such as Forward Air Controllers (FAC to see what an aircraft or Swan Court Shopping Arcade or Swan Courtyard is an open air shopping centre in the town of Clitheroe in Lancashire, England.

The castle

Clitheroe Castle
Clitheroe Castle

Clitheroe Castle (53°52′15″N 2°23′36″W / 53.8708, -2.3932) is argued to be the smallest Norman keep in the whole of England. Clitheroe Castle in Clitheroe, Lancashire, England is a motte and bailey castle built in a natural carboniferous limestone outcrop. For other buildings in Normandy see Architecture of Normandy. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland It stands atop a 35-metre outcrop of limestone and is one of the oldest buildings in Lancashire. Limestone is a Sedimentary rock composed largely of the Mineral Calcite ( Calcium carbonate: CaCO3 Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea It is also the only remaining castle in the county which had a royalist garrison during the English Civil War. Cavalier was the name used by Parliamentarians for a Royalist supporter of King Charles I during the English Civil War ( 1642 &ndash 1651 The English Civil War (1642-1651 was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists.

The castle's most prominent feature is the hole in its side which was made in 1649 as was ordered by the government. It was to be put in "such condition that in might neither be a charge to the Commonwealth to keep it, nor a danger to have it kept against them". The Commonwealth of England was the Republican government which ruled first England (including Wales) and then Ireland and Scotland

Society

Clitheronians are generally quite traditional. A Conservative member of parliament has represented the town for many years, with the exception of Michael Carr, elected in 1991 for the Liberal Democrats. The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the The current MP is Nigel Evans. Nigel Martin Evans (born 10 November 1957) is a British Politician. Previous to both these was the high profile David Waddington. David Charles Waddington Baron Waddington GCVO DL QC PC (born 2 August 1929) is a Conservative politician in However, the borough returned one of the first six ever socialist MPs at the 1906 election, due perhaps to the large number of mill workers living locally at that time. Jimmy Clitheroe, a comedian well known for his bawdy radio shows, was also not from Clitheroe but from nearby Colne. James Robinson Clitheroe ( December 24, 1921 - June 6, 1973) aka The Clitheroe Kid, was the son of James Robert Clitheroe and Colne is the second largest town in the borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 20000 However, a cafe in the town is named after him.

Retail

Clitheroe has many small independent shops, as well as some smaller branches of chain stores, such as Timpsons, Boots the Chemist & Woolworth's. This article is about a former British company which has now merged to form Alliance Boots, as a result information on this page may be out of date This article is about the British Woolworths Group plc, and its stores There are numerous banks and building societies, including Lloyds TSB, HSBC, Natwest & Yorkshire Bank. Lloyds TSB Group plc () is a leading British Financial institution with its Group Head office in London and its registered office HSBC Holdings plc ( (,,,) is a Public limited company incorporated in England and Wales, headquartered in London. National Westminster Bank Plc, or NatWest as it is commonly known is a Commercial bank in the United Kingdom which has been part of The Royal Bank of Scotland Group Yorkshire Bank is a Commercial bank in England and Wales, a division of Clydesdale Bank, which in turn is a subsidiary of National Australia Clitheroe has a number of supermarkets; Booths, Tesco & Sainsbury's. Booths is a chain of Supermarkets in Northern England. Most of its branches are located in Lancashire but there are also branches in Cheshire Tesco plc is a British -based international grocery and general merchandising retail chain J Sainsbury plc ( is the parent company of Sainsbury's Supermarkets Ltd commonly known as Sainsbury's (also Sainsbury and JS) the third largest There are numerous cafes, hairdressers, & charity shops. There is also a little shopping arcade known as the Swan Courtyard, which contains many shops and cafes. A shopping mall or shopping centre is a building or set of buildings that contain Retail units with interconnecting Walkways enabling visitors Swan Court Shopping Arcade or Swan Courtyard is an open air shopping centre in the town of Clitheroe in Lancashire, England. There are also 2 petrol stations, run by BP & TOTAL. BP plc, previously known as British Petroleum, is the third largest global Energy company, a multinational oil company (" Oil major Total SA () is an oil company headquartered in Paris, France, and one of the six " Supermajor " oil companies in the world Future retail developments include the controversial new Homebase store under construction. Homebase is a British Home improvement store and Garden centre, with 320 stores across the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland

Sport

Clitheroe F.C. play in the Northern Premier League Division One North. Clitheroe FC are an English football club based in Clitheroe, Lancashire, playing in the Northern Premier League Division One North. League system When the FA announced the details of the restructuring a number of clubs complained that a 34 game season was too short They play their home games at the Shawbridge Stadium.

Hurst Green are a semi professional football team from Clitheroe, they play in the East Lancashire Division 1, and in 2007 were crowned Champions

An annual cycle race, the Clitheroe Grand Prix takes place in the town.

Clitheroe is also home to the PESL Futsal Cup, an annual futsal tournament, which takes place every August at Edisford. The PESL Futsal Cup is an annual event taking place every August in Clitheroe, in the heart of the Ribble Valley. Futsal is an indoor version of Association football. Its name is derived from the Portuguese fut ebol de sal ão and the Spanish

Professional UFC fighter Michael Bisping also hails from the town. Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC is a US -based Mixed martial arts (MMA organization currently recognized as the largest MMA promotion in the world Michael Gavin Joseph Bisping (born February 28, 1979 in Cyprus) is an English Mixed martial artist (MMA from Manchester

Health

Clitheroe has a health centre, accommodating the Pendleside Medical Practice and the Castle Medical Group. There is a community hospital. The areas is served by the East Lancashire PCT.

One of the GPs, Dr John Zakrzewski, plays as the golakeeper for the British Medical Football Team, is a member of the Mad Dogs football team and a member of a local wine society, WINOS.

Clitheroe also has its own Ambulance, Fire & Police stations. An ambulance is a Vehicle for transporting sick or injured people to from or between places of treatment for an Illness or Injury. Fire is the heat and light energy released during a Chemical reaction, in particular a combustion reaction. A police station (also called stationhouse) is a Building which serves as the Headquarters of a Police force or unit which serves a specific

Religion

There are three Anglican churches: St James' Church has recently been refurbished and is home to a lively all-age congregation; the more traditional St Mary's is prominent on Church Brow atop another limestone knoll; St Paul's is in the area of town known as Low Moor. Anglicanism is a tradition of Christian faith Churches in this tradition either have historical connections to the Church of England or have similar beliefs Low Moor is a district of the town of Clitheroe, located in Lancashire, England. The town also has a large Roman Catholic community. The majority of Roman Catholic children attend St Augustine's RC High School. The Catholic saint, Margaret Clitherow, was not from Clitheroe but lived and was martyred in York. Saint Margaret Clitherow (1556 – 1586 is an English Saint and Martyr of the Roman Catholic Church. York ( is an historic Walled city sited at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. There are also Methodist and URC churches in the town as well as the Clitheroe Community Church and Salvation Army citadel. Methodism is a movement within Protestant Christianity represented by a number of denominations and organizations The Salvation Army is a Christian charity and church that is internally organised like a military service. In nearby Sawley there is a Quaker Meeting House. Sawley could be Sawley Derbyshire Sawley Lancashire Sawley North Yorkshire A Friends meeting house is a place of worship for the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers

There is a sizeable Muslim community in Clitheroe. A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion After years of campaigning for a Mosque in the town, permission was finally granted in 2006 for the conversion of a former church at Lowergate into a multi-faith centre which will have a Muslim prayer room and will be open to all faiths to use the rest of the building. A "mosque" in English refers to all types of buildings dedicated for Islamic worship although there is a distinction in Arabic between the smaller privately owned mosque and the larger [2]

Transport

Clitheroe is extremely well connected in terms of public transport links via Clitheroe Interchange. Clitheroe Interchange is the main transport interchange in the market town of Clitheroe and the Ribble Valley district in Lancashire, England

Train services in and out of Clitheroe

There are hourly trains to Blackburn & Manchester from the railway station that are operated by Northern Rail. Blackburn railway station is a Railway station that serves the town of Blackburn in Lancashire, England. Manchester Victoria station is the second of Manchester 's mainline railway stations Clitheroe Railway station serves the town of Clitheroe in Lancashire, England. Northern Rail (often referred to simply as Northern) is a Train operating company that has operated local passenger services in the north of England [3] Usually, services are operated by Class 150 trains, but sometimes Class 156 operate the service. The British Rail Class 150 "Sprinter" Diesel multiple units (DMUs were built by BREL from 1984 - 87. The British Rail Class 156 "Super- Sprinter " is a Diesel multiple unit (DMU The Ribble Valley Rail group (community rail group) is campaigning for services from Clitheroe to be extended to Hellifield. Ribble Valley Rail (RVR is the name the the group of volunteers that care for the Hellifield, Clitheroe and Blackburn section of the Ribble Valley Clitheroe Railway station serves the town of Clitheroe in Lancashire, England. Hellifield railway station serves the village of Hellifield in North Yorkshire, England.

Bus services in and around Clitheroe

There are also frequent bus services to the surrounding Lancashire & Yorkshire settlements. Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea Yorkshire is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in Great Britain. Transdev is the most prominent operator, both operating interurban and local services under the Network Ribble Valley banner. See list below for mor details;

Services Operated By Transdev Lancashire United:

Routes Run by Other Operators:

Twin Town

Clitheroe is twinned with a small town in France. Blacko is a village and Civil parish within the Pendle district of Lancashire, England. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics.

Media gallery

Clitheroe Library and Market Street. Rivesaltes ( French: Rivesaltes, Catalan: Ribesaltes) is a town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics.

The main street in Clitheroe, taken from Clitheroe Castle. Clitheroe Castle in Clitheroe, Lancashire, England is a motte and bailey castle built in a natural carboniferous limestone outcrop.

The railway station, taken from Clitheroe Castle. Clitheroe Railway station serves the town of Clitheroe in Lancashire, England. Clitheroe Castle in Clitheroe, Lancashire, England is a motte and bailey castle built in a natural carboniferous limestone outcrop.

The main street in Clitheroe, taken from Swan Court Shopping Arcade. Swan Court Shopping Arcade or Swan Courtyard is an open air shopping centre in the town of Clitheroe in Lancashire, England.

Clitheroe FC, taken from Clitheroe Castle. Clitheroe FC are an English football club based in Clitheroe, Lancashire, playing in the Northern Premier League Division One North. Clitheroe Castle in Clitheroe, Lancashire, England is a motte and bailey castle built in a natural carboniferous limestone outcrop.

The main park in Clitheroe; its enterance.

The 'rose garden', with a gift from London, a part of the Houses of Parliament. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom.

References

  1. ^ [David S Brooks (1997). Vikings at Waterloo: Wartime Work on the Whittle Jet Engine by the Rover Company. The Rover Company was a British Motor vehicle manufacturing company originating in Coventry in 1904 which moved to Solihull after World War II Rolls-Royce Heritage Trust. ISBN 1-872922-08-2]
  2. ^ http://www.miec.org.uk/
  3. ^ Welch, M. S. (2004) Lancashire Steam Finale, Runpast Publishing, Cheltenham, ISBN 1 870754 61 1

External links

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