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A civil township is a widely used unit of local government in the United States, subordinate to a county. Local governments are administrative offices that are smaller than a State. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A county of the United States is a local level of government created as a subdivision of a state by the state government or by the federal or territorial government as a subdivision Specific responsibilities and the degree of autonomy vary based on each state. A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government Civil townships are distinct from survey townships, but in states that have both, the boundaries often coincide. The Public Land Survey System (PLSS is a method used in the United States to survey and identify land parcels particularly for titles and deeds of rural wild or undeveloped The U.S. Census Bureau classifies civil townships (called "towns" in some states) as minor civil divisions. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census Minor civil division (MCD is a term used by the United States Census Bureau to designate the primary Governmental and/or Administrative divisions of a

Township functions are generally attended to by a governing board (the name varies from state to state) and a clerk. Township officers frequently include justice of the peace, road commissioner, assessor, constable, and surveyor. A Justice of the Peace ( JP) is a Puisne Judicial officer appointed by means of a commission to keep the peace Highways in the United States are split into at least four different types of systems An assessor is an expert who calculates the value of property A constable is a person holding a particular office most commonly in law enforcement. Surveying is the technique and science of accurately determining the terrestrial or three-dimensional space Position of points and the distances and angles between In the 20th century many townships also added a township administrator or supervisor to the officers as an executive for the board. The twentieth century of the Common Era began on An Administrator ( Administrator of the Government, Officer Administering the Government) in the constitutional practice of some countries in the Commonwealth A supervisor, foreman foreperson team leader overseer cell coach facilitator or area coordinator is a manager in business In Political science and Constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the State. In some cases townships run local libraries, senior citizen services, youth services, disabled citizen services, emergency assistance, and even cemetery services. A library is a collection of information sources resources and services and the structure in which it is housed it is organized for use and maintained by a public body an institution Old age consists of ages nearing or surpassing the Average life span of Human beings and thus the end of the human life cycle. A cemetery is a place in which dead bodies and cremated remains are buried.

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Midwestern, central and western states

Most western states have only survey townships, such that all local government outside of incorporated municipalities is performed at the county level.

In the Upper Midwestern states near the Great Lakes, civil townships (known in Michigan as general law townships[1]) are overlaid on the survey townships. The Upper Midwest is a region of the United States with no universally agreed-upon boundary but it almost always lies within the US Census Bureau 's definition The Laurentian Great Lakes are a chain of freshwater lakes located in eastern North America, on the Canada–United States border. Michigan ( is a Midwestern state of the United States of America. The degree to which these townships are functioning governmental entities varies from state to state and in some cases even within a state. For example, in Illinois townships in the northern part of the state are active in providing public services -- such as road maintenance, after-school care, and senior services -- whereas townships in southern Illinois frequently abandon these services in favor of the county. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. Most townships in Illinois also provide services such as snow removal, senior transportation and emergency services to households residing in unincorporated parts of the county.

Civil townships in these states are generally not considered to be incorporated, and nearby cities may annex land in adjoining townships with relative ease. A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a City, Town, or Village, or Annexation ( Latin ad, to and nexus, joining is the legal incorporation of some territory into another geo-political entity (either adjacent or non-contiguous In Michigan, general law townships can incorporate as charter townships, a status intended to protect against annexation from nearby municipalities and which grants the township some home rule powers similar to cities. A charter township is a form of Local government in the US state of Michigan. Home rule refers to a demand that constituent parts of a state be given greater self-government within the greater administrative purview of the central government In Wisconsin, such regions are known as "towns" rather than townships, but they are essentially the same thing. Wisconsin ( or wɪˈskɑnsɨn (French Ouisconsin) is one of the fifty United States of America, located in the north central part of the United States The definitions of the political subdivisions of the US State of Wisconsin differ from those in some other countries or even other U In Minnesota, state statute refers to such entities as towns yet requires them to have a name in the form "Name Township". Minnesota ( Native Americans demonstrated the name to early settlers In both documents and conversation, "town" and "township" are used interchangeably. Minnesota townships can be either Non-Urban or Urban (giving the township government greater power), but this is not reflected in the township's name. An urban township (in Michigan, Minnesota and Ohio) or urban town (in Wisconsin) is a designation of a unit of Local government [2] Ohio law includes a provision by which land may exist dually within a city and township. Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads [3]

See also:Political subdivisions of Wisconsin

Pennsylvania and New Jersey

A Pennsylvania township is a unit of local government, responsible for services such as local road and street maintenance outside of cities or boroughs. The definitions of the political subdivisions of the US State of Wisconsin differ from those in some other countries or even other U A township in the US state of Pennsylvania is a unit of local government (see Civil township) subordinate to a county and distinct from cities and Maintenance repair and operations or maintenance repair and overhaul (MRO is fixing any sort of mechanical or Electrical device should it A borough is an Administrative division of various countries In principle the term borough designates a self-governing Township although in practice Townships were established based on convenient geographical boundaries and vary in size from six to forty square miles (10–74 km²). The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of New Jersey township is a form of municipal government equal in status to a village, town, borough, or city. A township, in the context of New Jersey Local government, refers to one of five types and one of eleven forms of municipal government

Northeastern states

In New England and New York, counties are further subdivided into towns and cities, the principal forms of local government. History See also History of New England New England's earliest inhabitants were Algonquian -speaking Native Americans including the New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous A county is a Land area of Regional Government within a larger State. A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status Some residents of these states do not generally recognize the word "township" as applying to their local governments, although the U. S. Census Bureau treats them identically. (Even though towns in these states are legally equal to cities in status, the Census is more concerned with patterns of settlement and development than the means of government; New England and New York towns are similar to townships in the northern Midwest in typically having one or more small built-up central districts surrounded by a much larger area of less intensive development. However, cities in New England may have this development pattern as well. ) In sparsely settled portions of Maine and New Hampshire, county subdivisions that are not incorporated are referred to as townships. The State of Maine ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean New Hampshire ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America.

Southern states

In the South, outside of cities and towns there is generally no local government beyond the county. The Southern United States &mdashcommonly referred to as the American South, Dixie, or simply the South &mdashconstitutes a large distinctive As these states were surveyed prior to the Northwest Ordinance, there are generally no survey townships, either, although there are in Alabama, as Alabama Territory was relatively late in being established. The Northwest Ordinance (formally An Ordinance for the Government of the Territory of the United States North-West of the River Ohio, and also known as the Freedom Alabama (formally the State of Alabama;) is a State located in the southern region of the United States of America. The Alabama Territory was a historic Organized territory of the United States that was formed by the eastern portion of the Mississippi Territory.

North Carolina is an exception to this rule, and even the towns have townships due to extraterritorial jurisdiction. North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States Extraterritorial jurisdiction or ETJ is the legal ability of a Government to exercise Authority beyond its normal boundaries Numerous independent townships also exist, as every county is divided into townships as mandated since the North Carolina Constitution of 1868. The Constitution of the State of North Carolina governs the structure and function of the North Carolina state government Year 1868 ( MDCCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Some urbanized counties such as Mecklenburg County (Charlotte) now number their townships (i. Urbanizationn (also spelled urbanisation) is the physical growth of Urban areas into rural or natural land as a result of population in-migration to an existing Mecklenburg County is a County located in the US state of North Carolina. e. "Township 12") rather than using their real names. Townships all over the state used to have some official organization and duties, but now are only considered ceremonial divisions of each county, used on land surveys and other real estate documents. A ceremony is an activity infused with Ritual significance performed on a special occasion Surveying is the technique and science of accurately determining the terrestrial or three-dimensional space Position of points and the distances and angles between Real estate is a legal term (in some jurisdictions notably in the USA, United Kingdom A document (noun is a bounded physical representation of body of Information designed with the capacity (and usually intent to Communicate.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ What is a Township?. A township (or Municipality) is a settlement which has the status and powers of a unit of local government A township in the United States refers to a small geographic area Survey township, sometimes called Congressional township, as used by the United States Public Land Survey System, refers to a square unit of In US land surveying, a section is an area nominally one Mile square containing 640 Acres (2 A county of the United States is a local level of government created as a subdivision of a state by the state government or by the federal or territorial government as a subdivision The political units and divisions of the United States include The 50 states (four of these being officially styled as Commonwealths) which are typically Political science is a branch of Social sciences that deals with the theory and practice of Politics and the description and analysis of Political systems The table below indicates the types and where known numbers of Administrative divisions currently (as of 2007 used by countries and their major dependent territories Minor civil division (MCD is a term used by the United States Census Bureau to designate the primary Governmental and/or Administrative divisions of a An unorganized territory is a region of land generally with less self-governmental powers than other regions controlled by a specific government A civil parish in the United Kingdom is a unit of local government. Community councils (CCs are the most local statutory representative bodies in Great Britain. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Michigan Township Association (2006-12-05). Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Retrieved on 2007-01-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 41 - Gaius Caesar (Caligula, known for his eccentricity and cruel Despotism, is Assassinated by his disgruntled
  2. ^ Minnesota Statutes 368.01: Powers of Certain Metropolitan Area Towns. Retrieved on 2008-06-04. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China.
  3. ^ Houck, Jeanne. "Loveland High School annexation heats up", The Loveland Herald, Loveland, Ohio: The Community Press, 2008-05-12. Loveland (ˈlʌvlənd is a city in Hamilton, Clermont, and Warren counties in the southwestern part of the U 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. Retrieved on 2008-05-12. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre.  

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