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Broken Liberty: Istanbul Archaeology Museum.
Broken Liberty: Istanbul Archaeology Museum.

Civil liberties are freedoms that protect the individual from government to a certain extent. Political freedom is the absence of interference with the sovereignty of an individual by the use of coercion or aggression Civil liberties set limits for government so that it cannot abuse its power and interfere with the lives of its citizens.

Common civil liberties include freedom of association, freedom of assembly, freedom of religion, and freedom of speech, and additionally, the right to due process, to fair trial, to own property and to privacy. Freedom of association is the Individual right to come together with other individuals and collectively express promote pursue and defend common interests Freedom of assembly, sometimes used interchangeably with the Freedom of association, is the Individual right to come together with other individuals and collectively Freedom of religion is the freedom of an individual or community in public or private to manifest religion or belief in teaching practice worship and observance Freedom of speech is the freedom to speak freely without Censorship or Limitation. Due process (more fully due process of law) is the principle that a person has a right to receive notice and be heard in an orderly proceeding in order to protect his or her The right to fair trial is an essential right in all countries respecting the Rule of law. Property is any physical or virtual entity that is owned by an individual Privacy is the ability of an individual or group to seclude themselves or information about themselves and thereby reveal themselves selectively

The formal concept of civil liberties dates back to the Magna Carta of 1215 which in turn was based on pre-existing documents. Magna Carta ( Latin for Great Charter, literally " Great Paper " also called Magna Carta Libertatum ( Great Charter of Freedoms

Republics or democracies such as the United States have a Constitution, a bill of rights and similar constitutional documents that enumerate and seek to guarantee civil liberties. A constitution is a system for government often Codified as a written document that establishes the rules and principles of an autonomous political entity A Bill of Rights is a list or summary of rights that are considered important and essential by a group of people Other states have enacted similar laws through a variety of legal means, including signing and ratifying or otherwise giving effect to key conventions such as the European Convention on Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. The Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (also called the "European Convention on Human Rights" and "ECHR" was adopted under the The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights is a United Nations Treaty based on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, created in

It might be said that the protection of civil liberties is a key responsibility of all citizens of free states, as distinct from authoritarian states. History See also Orange Free State Geography The Free State is situated on flat boundless plains in the heart of South Africa Authoritarianism describes a Form of government characterized by an emphasis on the Authority of the State in a republic or union

The existence of some claimed civil liberties is a matter of dispute, as are the extent of most civil liberties. Controversial examples include reproductive rights, same-sex marriage, and the use of certain drugs. Reproductive rights are Rights relating to reproduction and Reproductive health. Same-sex marriage (also referred to as gay marriage) is a term for a legally or Socially recognized Marriage between two people of the same Another matter of debate is the suspension or alteration of certain civil liberties in times of war or state of emergency, including whether and to what extent this should occur. War is an international relations Dispute, characterized by organized Violence between National Military units A state of emergency is a governmental declaration that may suspend certain normal functions of government alert citizens to alter their normal behaviors or order government agencies

Contents

Civil liberties by country

Article 6 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union affirms the right to liberty.
Article 6 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union affirms the right to liberty. The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union is a document containing Human rights provisions ‘solemnly proclaimed’ by the European Parliament

While the United Kingdom has no codified constitution, relying on a number of legal conventions and pieces of legislation, it is a signatory to the European Convention on Human Rights which covers both human rights and civil liberties. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (also called the "European Convention on Human Rights" and "ECHR" was adopted under the Human rights refers to the "basic Rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled The Human Rights Act 1998 incorporates the great majority of Convention rights directly into UK law. The Human Rights Act 1998 is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom which received Royal Assent on 9 November 1998 and mostly came into force Britain has what is called an unwritten constitution: centuries of legislation and legal precedent dating back to before the magna carta guarantee the rights of her subjects.

The United States Constitution, especially its Bill of Rights, protects many civil liberties. The Constitution of the United States of America is the supreme Law of the United States. In the United States the Bill of Rights is the name by which the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution are known See Civil liberties in the United States. Civil liberties of the United States are certain inalienable rights retained by (as opposed to privileges granted to citizens of the United States under the Constitution Human rights within the United States are often called civil rights, which are those civil liberties and civil rights held by citizens or civilians, as distinguished from those held by members of the military. [1] The first ten amendments to the constitution are known as the bill of rights and the first eight guarantee certain personal freedoms. The rights contained are often referred to in legal proceedings, and are viewed with great patriotism by Americans.

The Constitution of Canada includes the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms which guarantees many of the same rights as the U. The Constitution of Canada is the supreme law in Canada; the country's Constitution is an amalgamation of codified acts and uncodified traditions The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (also known as The Charter of Rights and Freedoms or simply the Charter) is a Bill of rights entrenched in the S. constitution, with the notable exceptions of protection against establishment of religion. An established church is a church officially sanctioned and supported by the government of a country e However, the Charter does protect freedom of religion. Freedom of religion is the freedom of an individual or community in public or private to manifest religion or belief in teaching practice worship and observance The Charter also omits any mention of, or protection for, property.

The European Convention on Human Rights, to which most European countries, including all of the European Union, belong, enumerates a number of civil liberties and is of varying constitutional force in different European states. The Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (also called the "European Convention on Human Rights" and "ECHR" was adopted under the The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in France's 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen listed many civil liberties and is of constitutional force. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Year 1789 ( MDCCLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen (Déclaration des droits de l'Homme et du citoyen is a fundamental document of the French Revolution, defining

The Constitution of People's Republic of China (apply to mainland China only, not to Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan) , especially its Fundamental Rights and Duties of Citizens, claims to protect many civil liberties, although in practice dissidents may find themselves without the protection of the rule of law. The Constitution of the People's Republic of China ( is the highest law within the People's Republic of China. Mainland China, Continental China, the Chinese mainland or simply the mainland, is a geopolitical term synonymous with the area that is under the jurisdiction Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Macau topics. Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. The rule of law, in its most basic form is the principle that no one is above the law See Civil liberties in the People's Republic of China

The Constitution of Russian Federation guarantees in theory many of the same rights and civil liberties as U. Civil liberties of the People's Republic of China The People's Republic of China ostensibly guarantees its citizens' rights and Civil liberties under the Constitution For the constitution of the Imperial Russia see Russian Constitution of 1906 The current Constitution of the Russian Federation S. except to bear arms, i. e. : freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom of association and assembly, freedom to choose language, to due process, to a fair trial, privacy, freedom to vote, right for education, etc. However, human rights groups like Amnesty International have warned that Putin has seriously curtailed freedom of expression, freedom of assembly and freedom of association amidst growing authoritarianism. Amnesty International (commonly known as Amnesty or AI) is a Western based international Non-governmental organization which defines its mission as "to Freedom of speech is the freedom to speak freely without Censorship or Limitation. Freedom of assembly, sometimes used interchangeably with the Freedom of association, is the Individual right to come together with other individuals and collectively Freedom of association is the Individual right to come together with other individuals and collectively express promote pursue and defend common interests [2]

See also

References

  1. ^ Reginald Wilson, Think about Our Rights: Civil Liberties and the United States. The American Civil Liberties Union ( ACLU) consists of two separate Non-profit organizations the ACLU Foundation a 501(c(3 organization which focuses The national Bill of Rights Defense Committee ( BORDC) is a nonpartisan nonprofit organization which encourages local communities to take an active role in the ongoing national The Rutherford Institute is a civil liberties organization founded in 1982 by constitutional attorney and author John W Privacy is the ability of an individual or group to seclude themselves or information about themselves and thereby reveal themselves selectively Teaching for Social justice is an educational philosophy that proponents argue Teaches for Justice and equity all learners in 1988. ISBN:0-8027-6751-6. Page 1.
  2. ^ Putin rolling back civil rights, warns Amnesty | World news | The Guardian

External links

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