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Comune di Cividale del Friuli
Coat of arms of Comune di Cividale del Friuli
Municipal coat of arms

Location of Cividale in Italy
Country Flag of Italy Italy
Region Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Province Udine (UD)
Elevation 125 m (410 ft)
Area 50 km² (19 sq mi)
Population
 - Total 11,355
 - Density 227/km² (588/sq mi)
Time zone CET, UTC+1
Coordinates 46°06′N, 13°26′E
Gentilic Cividalesi
Dialing code 0432
Postal code 33043
Frazioni Rualis, Grupignano, Rubignacco, Gagliano, Purgessimo, Sanguarzo, Spessa, Carraria, Fornalis, San Giorgio
Patron San Donato
Website: www.comune.cividale-del-friuli.ud.it

Cividale del Friuli (Friulian Cividât, Slovenian Čedad) is a town in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Northern Italy, 15 km by rail from Udine, whose province it belongs to. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Friuli-Venezia Giulia ( Friulian: Friûl-Vignesie Julie, Friaul-Julisch Venetien Furlanija - Julijska krajina Friul-Venezsia Jułia is one of the twenty In Italy, a Province (in Italian provincia) is an administrative division of intermediate level between Municipality ( Comune The Province of Udine (It Provincia di Udine, Friulian Provincie di Udin) is a province in the autonomous Friuli-Venezia Giulia Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a People or the inhabitants of a place Here are a list of area codes in Italy. All numbers here begin with the country code (0039 A frazione, in Italy, is the name given in administrative law to a type of territorial subdivision of a Comune; for other Administrative Friulian ( or affectionately marilenghe in Friulian friulano in Italian) (also Eastern Ladin) is a Romance language belonging Slovene or Slovenian ( slovenski jezik or slovenščina, not to be confused with Slovenčina) is a South Slavic language Friuli-Venezia Giulia ( Friulian: Friûl-Vignesie Julie, Friaul-Julisch Venetien Furlanija - Julijska krajina Friul-Venezsia Jułia is one of the twenty Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Udine ( Friulian Udin, Slovene Videm, German Weiden, Latin Utinum) is a city in northeastern The Province of Udine (It Provincia di Udine, Friulian Provincie di Udin) is a province in the autonomous Friuli-Venezia Giulia The town is in the foothills of the eastern Alps close to the Slovenian border, 453 ft. Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia (Republika Slovenija) is a Country in southern Central Europe bordering Italy to the west above sea-level. It is situated on the river Natisone, which forms a picturesque ravine here. Formerly an important regional power, it is today a quiet, small town that attracts tourists thanks to its medieval center.

Contents

History

Cividale was founded as a Roman municipium by Julius Caesar in 50 BCE on the newly built Via Julia Augusta, which passed through Utina (Udine) on its way north, with the name of Forum Iulii ("Julius' Forum"; Fréjus had the same Roman name). A municipium (pl municipia) belonged to the second highest class of Roman cities being Year 50 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Lucius Aemilius Paullus and The Via Julia Augusta is the name given to the Roman road formed by the merging of the Via Aemilia Scauri with the Via Postumia, running from Placentia Fréjus can also refer to the Fréjus Road Tunnel and the Fréjus Rail Tunnel in the Alps Archaeological findings have revealed that the area was already settled by Veneti and Celts. Celts (ˈkɛlts or /ˈsɛlts/, see Names of the Celts After the decay of Aquileia and Iulium Carnicum (Zuglio), it became the chief town of the district of Friuli and gave its name to it. Friuli ( Friulian: In 568 the city was the first major centre occupied by Alboin's Lombard invasion of Italy, then part of the Byzantine Empire. Events By Place Europe April 1 — King Alboin leads the Lombards into Italy refugees fleeing from them go on Alboin or Alboïn (died 572 or 573 was king of the Lombards, and conqueror of Italy. The Lombards ( Latin Langobardi, whence the alternative names Langobards and Longobards) were a Germanic people originally from Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest The city was chosen as first capital of the newly-formed Lombard Kingdom, then granted by Alboin to his nephew Gisulf as the capital of a Lombard Duchy of Friuli. The Kingdom of the Lombards or Lombard Kingdom of Italy was an early medieval state on the Italian Peninsula. Gisulf I was probably the first Duke of Friuli (then Forum Julii) a nephew of Alboin, first king of the Lombards in Italy. The dukes and margraves of Friuli were the rulers of the Duchy and March of Friuli in the Midde Ages After the Lombards were defeated by the Franks, (774), following the last Lombard resistance under Hrodgaud of Friuli (776) Forum Julii changed its name to Civitas Austriae, Charlemagne's Italian "City of the East". Francia or Frankia, later also called the Frankish Empire (imperium Francorum Frankish Kingdom (Latin regnum Francorum, "Kingdom of the Hrodgaud or Rodgand was the Duke of Friuli from 774 to 776. Probably he was already duke under Desiderius, even if some Frankish

Under the Carolingian settlement with the Papacy, the patriarchs of Aquileia resided here from 773 to 1031, when they returned to Aquileia, and finally in 1238 removed to Udine. The Patriarchate of Aquileia was an historical state and Episcopal see in northeastern Italy, centred on the ancient city of Aquileia situated at the head This last change of residence was the origin of the antagonism between Cividale and Udine, which was only terminated by their surrender to Venice in 1419 and 1420 respectively. When the Patriarch State of Friuli was founded in 1077, Cividale was chosen as the capital. Friuli ( Friulian:

In 1420 Cividale was annexed to the Republic of Venice. The Most Serene Republic of Venice ((Serenìsima Repùblica Vèneta or Repùblica de Venesia Serenissima Repubblica

After the Napoleonic Wars parenthesis, Cividale became part of the Kingdom of Italy in 1866. The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815 involved Napoleon's French Empire and a shifting set of European allies and opposing coalitions Italian Unification ( Italian: il Risorgimento, or "The Resurgence" was the political and social movement that unified different states of the Italian Year 1866 ( MDCCCLXVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common

Ponte del Diavolo.
Ponte del Diavolo. Devil’s Bridge is a term applied to two or three dozen ancient Bridges found primarily in Europe.

Main sights

The historical center of the town is dominated by Piazza del Duomo, which is where the National Archeological Museum is located. Close by is the Palazzo dei Provveditori Veneti, constructed in 1565 and designed by Andrea Palladio. Andrea Palladio ( November 30, 1508 – August 19, 1580) was an Italian Architect, widely considered the most influential The town is split in two by the Natisone River, which is spanned by the impressive Devil's Bridge (15th century, rebuilt in 1918). Devil’s Bridge is a term applied to two or three dozen ancient Bridges found primarily in Europe. Also notable is the Celtic Hypogeum, a subterranean series of halls carved in the rock in ancient times, whose destination remains unclear: uses as either Celtic funerary monument or a Roman (Lombard) jail has been proposed.

The Cathedral (Duomo) was built in the 15th century over a pre-existing construction built in the 8th century. The 8th century is the period from 701 to 800 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. It is a Venetian Gothic building, finished in the 16th century by architect Pietro Lombardo, featuring interventions from the 18th century also. See also Gothic art Gothic architecture is a style of Architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period. Pietro Lombardo (1435-1515 was an Italian Renaissance Sculptor and Architect; born in Carona ( Ticino) he was the father The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system The interior houses a notable altar dedicated to the Madonna, in the right aisle, and the Silver Pale of Pellegrino II, patriarch from 1195 to 1204. The Christian Museum annexed to the Duomo houses outstanding examples of Lombard sculpture. It contains some interesting relics of the art of the 8th century. The cathedral contains an octagonal marble canopy with sculptures in relief, with a font below it belonging to the 8th century, but altered later. The high altar has a fine silver altar front of 1185. The museum contains various Roman and Lombard antiquities, and valuable MSS. and works of art in gold, silver and ivory formerly belonging to the cathedral chapter. The fine 15th-century Ponte del Diavolo leads to the church of S. Martino, which contains an altar of the 8th century with reliefs executed by order of the Lombard king Ratchis. Ratchis was the Duke of Friuli ( 739 - 744) and king of the Lombards ( 744 - 749)

The small church of Oratorio di Santa Maria in Valle (also known as Lombard Temple), next to the Natisone river, is a notable example of High Middle Ages art from the 8th century. Included in the old Lombard quarter, it was probably used as Palatine Chapel by the Lombard dukes and king's functionaries. The fine decorations, statues and stuccoes (probably 11th or 12th century) housed in the interior, show a strong Byzantine influence. Stucco or render is a material made of an aggregate, a binder, and water Byzantine art is the term commonly used to describe the artistic products of the Byzantine Empire from about the 4th century until the Fall of Constantinople

Piazza Paolo Diacono.
Piazza Paolo Diacono.
Evening view.
Evening view.

Other attractions

The town has a number of small osterias which serve distinctive local wines. Of particular note are Verduzzo friulano and Refosco dal peduncolo rosso.

Transport

The town is easily accessible by rail from Udine and by bus from Gorizia. Udine ( Friulian Udin, Slovene Videm, German Weiden, Latin Utinum) is a city in northeastern Gorizia (Gurize Gorica Görz is a town in northeastern Italy, at the foot of the Alps and bordering Slovenia.

Famous residents

At Cividale were born Paulus Diaconus, the historian of the Lombards in the time of Charlemagne, and the actress Adelaide Ristori (1822-1906). Paul the Deacon (c 720 &ndash 13 April probably 799 also known as Paulus Diaconus, Warnefred and Cassinensis (i

Sources and external links


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