- For cisterns in neuroanatomy, see cistern (neuroanatomy). Neuroanatomy is the science for localizing function in the Human brain. In neuroanatomy a cistern ( Latin: "box" is any opening in the subarachnoid space of the Brain created by a separation of the arachnoid and
For the village in England, see Syston. This article is on Syston in Leicestershire There is also a Syston in Lincolnshire &mdash see Syston Lincolnshire Syston
For the Texas settlement see Cistern, Texas
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A cistern (Middle English cisterne, from Latin cisterna, from cista, box, from Greek kistê, basket) [1] is a receptacle for holding liquids, usually water. Cistern is an unincorporated community in Fayette County, Texas, United States. Middle English is the name given by Historical linguistics to the diverse forms of the English language spoken between the Norman invasion of Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Often cisterns are built to catch and store rainwater. They range in capacity from a few litres to thousands of cubic metres (effectively covered reservoirs). A reservoir is most broadly a place or hollow vessel where Fluid is kept in Reserve, for later use
Creating and using cisterns
Cisterns are commonly used in areas where water is scarce, either because it is rare or because it has been depleted due to heavy use. Early on, the water was used for many purposes including cooking, irrigation, and washing. Irrigation is an artificial application of water to the soil usually for assisting in growing crops Present day cisterns are often only used for irrigation due to concerns over water quality. Cisterns today can also be outfitted with filters or other water purification methods when the water is meant for consumption. Water purification is the process of removing contaminants and other harmful microorganisms from a raw water source A few people leave their cisterns open to catch rain or have more elaborate rain-catching systems. Rain is Liquid precipitation. On Earth it is the condensation of atmospheric Water vapor into drops heavy enough to fall often making it to It is recommended in these cases to have a system that does not leave the water open to mosquitoes or algae, which are attracted to the water and then carry disease to nearby humans. Mosquitoes are insects in the family Culicidae. They have a pair of scaled wings a pair of Halteres, a slender body and long legs Algae ( sing. alga are a large and diverse group of simple typically Autotrophic organisms ranging from Unicellular to Multicellular forms
Some cisterns sit on the top of houses or on the ground higher than the house, and supply the running water needs for the house. They are often supplied not by rainwater harvesting, but by wells with electric pumps, or are filled by manual labor or by truck delivery. Rainwater harvesting is the gathering or accumulating and storing of rainwater For information on Wikipedia project-related discussions see WikipediaVillage pump. Very common throughout Brazil, for instance, they were traditionally made of concrete walls (much like the houses, themselves), with a similar concrete top (about 5 cm. thick), with a piece that can come out for water filling and be re-inserted to keep out debris and insects. Debris (ˈdeɪbriː/ /dɛˈbriː is a word used to describe the remains of something that has been otherwise destroyed Modern cisterns are manufactured of plastic (in Brazil with a characteristic bright blue color, round, in capacities of about 10k and 50k liters). These cisterns differ from water tanks in the sense that they are not completely enclosed and sealed with one form, rather they have a lid made of the same material as the cistern, which is removable by the user. Water tanks are liquid storage containers these tanks are usually storing water for human consumption LiD can refer to Left and Democrats Lithium Deuteride
To keep a clean water supply, the cisterns must be kept clean. It is recommended to inspect them regularly, keep them well-enclosed, and to occasionally empty them and clean them with an appropriate dilution of chlorine and to rinse them well. Chlorine (ˈklɔriːn from the Greek word 'χλωρóς' ( khlôros, meaning 'pale green' is the Chemical element with Atomic number 17 and Well water must be inspected for contaminants coming from the ground source. City water has up to 1ppm (parts per million) chlorine added to the water to keep it clean, and in many areas can be ordered to be delivered directly to the cistern by truck (a typical price in Brazil is BRL$50, USD$20 for 10k liters). If there is any question about the water supply at any point (source to tap), then the cistern water should not be used for drinking or cooking. If it is of acceptable quality and consistency, then it can be used for (1) toilets, and housecleaning; (2) showers and handwashing; (3) washing dishes, with appropriate sanitation methods, and for the highest quality, (4) cooking and drinking. A toilet is a Plumbing fixture and disposal system primarily intended for the disposal of the bodily wastes: Urine and fecal matter. Water of non-acceptable quaility for the before mentioned uses may still be used for irrigation. If it is free of particulates but not low enough in bacteria, then boiling may also be an effective means to prepare the water for drinking. The Bacteria ( singular: bacterium) are a large group of unicellular Microorganisms Typically a few Micrometres in length bacteria have
Many greenhouses use cisterns to help meet their water needs, especially in the USA. A greenhouse (also called a glasshouse or hothouse) is a building where plants are cultivated Some countries or regions, such as Bermuda and the U. S. Virgin Islands have laws that require rainwater harvesting systems to be built alongside any new construction, and cisterns can be used in these cases. Law is a system of rules enforced through a set of Institutions used as an instrument to underpin civil obedience politics economics and society Rainwater harvesting is the gathering or accumulating and storing of rainwater Other countries, such as Japan, Germany and Spain, also offer financial incentives or tax credit for installing cisterns.
The toilet
The modern water closet or toilet utilises a cistern to reserve and hold the correct amount of water required to flush the toilet bowl. A flush toilet or Water Closet (WC is a Toilet that disposes of human waste by using water to flush it through a drainpipe to another location A toilet is a Plumbing fixture and disposal system primarily intended for the disposal of the bodily wastes: Urine and fecal matter. In earlier toilets, the cistern was located high above the toilet bowl and connected to it by a long pipe. It was necessary to pull a hanging chain connected to a release valve located inside the cistern in order to flush the toilet. Modern toilets may be close coupled, with the cistern mounted directly on the toilet bowl and no intermediate pipe. In this arrangement, the flush mechanism (lever or push button) is usually mounted on the cistern. Concealed cistern toilets, where the cistern is built into the wall behind the toilet, are also available. A flushing trough is a type of cistern used to serve more than one wc pan at one time. A flushing trough is a long cistern which serves several WC pans These cisterns are becoming less common however.
Famous cisterns
- Basilica Cistern in Istanbul, Turkey
- Cistern in Silves, Portugal
- Cistern in El Jadida, Morocco
- Matera
See also
References
- ^ Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary, 1990 edition, etymology of "cistern". The Basilica Cistern (' Yerebatan Sarayı' or ' Yerebatan Sarnıcı') is the largest of several hundred ancient Cisterns that still lie beneath the city Istanbul (historically Byzantium and later Constantinople; see the other Names of Istanbul) is the largest city of Turkey Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches Silves ( pron 'siɫvɨʃ is a town and a municipality in the Algarve, southern Portugal. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. El Jadida (الجديدة is a port city on the Atlantic coast of Morocco, in the province of El Jadida. Morocco (المغرب "al-Maghrib" officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية is a country located in North Africa Rainwater harvesting is the gathering or accumulating and storing of rainwater Contamination and maintenance If rainwater is used for drinking it is often filtered first Water tanks are liquid storage containers these tanks are usually storing water for human consumption āb anbār آب انبار is a traditional Reservoir of drinking water in Persian antiquity Stepwells, also called bawdi ( Hindi:बावड़ी or baoli ( well]]s in which the water can be reached by descending a set of steps
External links
- The Homestead Cistern, instructions on building a cistern.
- Difference between rain barrels and harvesting systems
- Build Your Own Rain Barrel
- La Raccolta delle Acque Matera - A perfect sample of water collection systems
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