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South Asian cinema
Bengali cinema
Assamese cinema
Bengali cinema
Bollywood
Karnataka cinema
Kollywood
Malayalam cinema
Marathi cinema
Punjwood
Tollywood

The Cinema of Karnataka, sometimes colloquially referred to as Sandalwood[1][2] encompasses movies made in the Indian state of Karnataka. South Asian cinema refers to the cinema of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, This article addresses Persian and Pashto cinemas of Afghanistan The Bangladeshi film industry, popularly known as Dallywood (a Portmanteau of the words Dhaka and Hollywood) has The history of cinema in Bengal dates back to the 1890s when the first " Bioscopes quot were shown in theatres in Calcutta. The Indian film industry is the largest in the world in terms of ticket sales and number of films produced annually (877 feature films and 1177 short films were released in the year 2003 Assamese cinema was born in 1935 when Jyoti Prasad Agarwala released his movie Joymoti. The history of cinema in Bengal dates back to the 1890s when the first " Bioscopes quot were shown in theatres in Calcutta. Bollywood (बॉलीवूड بالی وڈ is the informal term popularly used for the Mumbai -based Hindi-language Film industry in India Tamil cinema or Kollywood ( Tamil: கோலிவுட் kōlivūṭ) is the English name of the popular Tamil Film Industry based in the Malayalam cinema refers to Films made in the Indian state of Kerala in the Malayalam language. Marathi cinema (मराठी चित्रपट is one of the oldest in regional Indian films industry Punjwood is the informal name given to Punjabi cinema, the Punjabi language film industry in the state of Punjab in India. The himalayan country of Nepal does not have a very long Film history but the industry has its own place in the cultural heritage of Nepal The cinema of Pakistan refers to Pakistan 's film industry Most of the feature films shot in Pakistan are in Urdu language but may also include films in Punjabi Sri Lankan cinema in recent years has featured films that tackle gritty subjects including family relationships abortion and the years of conflict between the military and Tamil India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Karnataka (ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ pronounced) is a state in the southern part of India Most of the movies are made in the Kannada language, with a handful of them in Konkani or Tulu. Kannada (kn [[wiktಕನ್ನಡ ಕನ್ನಡ]] Kannaḍa) is one of the major Dravidian languages of India, spoken predominantly in the state Konkani ( Devanāgarī: कोंकणी Roman: Konknni Kannada: ಕೊಂಕಣಿ Malayalam: കൊങ്കണി IAST Kannada films form an important component of the Cinema of India. Kannada (kn [[wiktಕನ್ನಡ ಕನ್ನಡ]] Kannaḍa) is one of the major Dravidian languages of India, spoken predominantly in the state The Indian film industry is the largest in the world in terms of ticket sales and number of films produced annually (877 feature films and 1177 short films were released in the year 2003

The most popular actor in Kannada films was late Dr.Rajkumar. Kannada (kn [[wiktಕನ್ನಡ ಕನ್ನಡ]] Kannaḍa) is one of the major Dravidian languages of India, spoken predominantly in the state This page relates to the Kannada actor Dr Rajkumar for other uses of the name see Raj Kumar. He has acted in over 200 movies and is a recipient of the Dadasaheb Phalke Award. The Dadasaheb Phalke Award is an annual award given by the Indian government for lifetime contribution to Indian cinema. The speciality of RajKumar was his spectacle of voice with most versatile acting capabilities. His era was thronged with some of the superb comedian actors, music composers , directors , lyricists , script writers and cinematographers who collectively brought what is recorded as the golden era of Kannada Cinema.

Other actors, actresses, directors and producers in Kannada films include dozens like B. Kannada (kn [[wiktಕನ್ನಡ ಕನ್ನಡ]] Kannaḍa) is one of the major Dravidian languages of India, spoken predominantly in the state R. Pantulu, G.V.Iyer, Gubbi Veeranna, Balakrishna, Puttanna Kanagal, Sunil kumar desai and over the last few decades Vishnuvardhan, Ambarish, Shivarajkumar,Jayamala, Aarathi, Bharathi, Manjula, Ravichandran, Shankar Nag, Anant Nag, Girish Karnad, Girish Kasaravalli, M. Ganapathi Venkatrama Iyer (also known as G V Iyer) was a well known Indian film director Gubbi Veeranna (ಗುಬ್ಬಿ ವೀರಣ್ಣ was an Indian Theatre director, one of the pioneers and most prolific contributors to Kannada Bala Krishna ( IAST bālakṛṣṇa, literally "child Krishna" sometimes translated to " Divine Child Krishna " It must be noted that Puttanna Kanagal (ಪುಟ್ಟಣ್ಣ ಕಣಗಾಲ್ (1933-1985 was one of the most prominent Kannada Film directors of the 1960s and the 70s Sunil Kumar Desai (ಸುನೀಲ್ ಕುಮಾರ್ ದೇಸಾಯಿ is a Kannada film director Malavallii Huche Gowda Ambareesh or MHAmbaresh ( Kannada: ಅಂಬರೀಶ್) (known as Rebel-Star Ambareesh and Mandya-da Gandu Shivaraj Kumar (real name Putta Swamy is the son of legendary Kannada matinée Dr Jayamala is an actress of Kannada cinema. Her native is Dakshina Kannada district though brought up in Chickmagalur district of Karnataka. The following is a list of Recurring characters in The Simpsons. V Ravichandran (born) is an Actor, director, producer, Music director, and Lyricist in the Kannada film Shankar Nag ( Kannada: ಶಂಕರ್ ನಾಗ್(9 November 1954-30 September 1990 originally known as Shankar Nagarakatte (ಶಂಕರ್ ನಾಗರಕಟ್ಟೆ Anant Nag ( Kannada:ಅನಂತನಾಗ್ (Born 1948is an Actor and Politician from Karnataka, India. Girish Raghunath Karnad (ಗಿರೀಶ್ ರಘುನಾಥ ಕಾರ್ನಾಡ್ (born 19 May 1938) is a contemporary Writer, Playwright Girish Kasaravalli (born 1950) (ಗಿರೀಶ್ ಕಾಸರವಳ್ಳಿ is a legendary movie director of international repute in Kannada P. Shankar, Vajramuni and Upendra. Vajramuni ( Kannada:ವಜ್ರಮುನಿ was an actor in the Kannada film industry who acted more than 500 movies Upendra (ಉಪೇಂದ್ರ popularly known as Uppi) (born 18 September 1967) is a Kannada cinema director actor and script writer The most famous comedians in Kannada cinema have been Narasimharaju and Dwarakesh. T R Narasimharaju, ( 1926- 1979) was an Indian popular actor specialising in roles that required ample comic timing Dwarakesh is a popular Kannada producer and comedy actorDwarakesh started his production company""Dwarakesh Chitra"" in 1969

Music directors who have made their mark in Kannada films include R. Kannada (kn [[wiktಕನ್ನಡ ಕನ್ನಡ]] Kannaḍa) is one of the major Dravidian languages of India, spoken predominantly in the state Ratna, M. Venkata swamy, M. Ranga Rao, G. K. Venkatesh, Vijayabhaskar, the duo Rajan-Nagendra, Upendra Kumar, Sathyam, C. Aswath, Hamsalekha,Gurukiran and T. Gurjada Krishnadas Venkatesh ( Kannada: ಗುರ್ಜದ ಕೃಷ್ಣದಾಸ ವೆಂಕಟೇಶ) (b Rajan and Nagendra were musicians who were prominent composer of film music in Kannada cinema during the 1960s 1970s and 1980s C Ashwath (Cಅಶ್ವಥ is an Indian Music composer and exponent of Bhavageete ("expressive poetry" and Janapada Geete Hamsalekha (ಹಂಸಲೇಖ is a Music Director and lyricist in the Kannada film industry Gurukiran or Gurukiran Shetty is a noted music director of the Kannada film industry in India. G. Lingappa. Lyrics of Kannada film songs have been penned by Chi. Kannada (kn [[wiktಕನ್ನಡ ಕನ್ನಡ]] Kannaḍa) is one of the major Dravidian languages of India, spoken predominantly in the state Udayashankar, R.N. Jayagopal, Hamsalekha, and Doddarange Gowda among others. R N Jayagopal is one of the most widely respected connoisseurs of the Kannada film industry Hamsalekha (ಹಂಸಲೇಖ is a Music Director and lyricist in the Kannada film industry Playback singers in Kannada films include Dr. K.J Yesudas, P.B. Sreenivas, S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Rajesh Krishnan, Udit Narayan,Sonu Nigam,Kunal Ganjawala,Shreya Ghosal,Sunidhi Chauhan, B. Kannada (kn [[wiktಕನ್ನಡ ಕನ್ನಡ]] Kannaḍa) is one of the major Dravidian languages of India, spoken predominantly in the state Kattassery Joseph Yesudas, Malayalam കാട്ടശ്ശേരി ജോസഫ് യേശുദാസ്, (born January 10, 1940) is an PB Sreenivas (Prativadi Bhayankara Sreenivas and popularly PBS) is a multi-faceted Playback singer from South India. Sripathi Panditaradhyula Balasubrahmanyam, ( Telugu: శ్రీపతి పండితారధ్య్యుల బాల సుబ్రమణ్యం Kannada Rajesh Krishnan is one of the most accomplished Playback singers in the Kannada industry Udit Narayan Jha (उदित नारायण झा popularly known as Udit Narayan is a Playback singer in commercial Hindi - Tamil - Sonu Nigam or Sonu Niigaam (सोनु निगम born July 30, 1973 in Faridabad, Haryana, India) is an Kunal Ganjawala is an Indian Singer, known primarily for his work as a Bollywood Playback singer and Kannada film industry Shreya Ghoshal or Shreya Ghosal ( Hindi: श्रेया घोषाल born March 12, 1984 in Rawatbhata Rajasthan is an Indian Sunidhi Chauhan ( Hindi: सुनिधि चौहान is an Indian Playback singer, best known for her Bollywood songs R. Chaya, Pallavi, Nandita, S. Janaki and P. Susheela. In Indian classical music pallavi is the thematic line of a song S Janaki ( Telugu:ఎస్ జానకి Tamil:எஸ் ஜானகி Malayalam: എസ് P Susheela or Pulapaka Susheela (born November 13 1935) is an Indian Playback singer. Dr.Rajkumar, has however sung hundreds of very melodious songs in those movies where he himself has starred as the hero, starting from the mid 1970's. This page relates to the Kannada actor Dr Rajkumar for other uses of the name see Raj Kumar.

There have been sad patches of Kannada Cinema- that is losing the most talented stars at their prime. Kalpana and Manjula of former years and Shankar Nag , Suneel , Nivedita Jain , ShashiKumar(survived) of the latter, disappearing at their prime and Aarathi and Sudha Rani fading out due to their personal life. Kalpana ( Kannada: ಕಲ್ಪನ) was a very popular Kannada cinema actor Shankar Nag ( Kannada: ಶಂಕರ್ ನಾಗ್(9 November 1954-30 September 1990 originally known as Shankar Nagarakatte (ಶಂಕರ್ ನಾಗರಕಟ್ಟೆ And the recent one with actress Soundarya dying in a tragic plane accident. Soundarya ( Kannada:ಸೌಂದರ್ಯ( July 17, 1971 - April 17, 2004) was a film actress in Kannada, Telugu

Contents

History of Kannada cinema

1931 saw the emergence of talking pictures in the regional languages of South India with the release of Kalidas. South India is the area encompassing India 's states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu as well as the union "Kalidasa" redirects here For the true bug Genus, see Kalidasa (insect. In 1934, the first talky in Kannada, Sati Sulochana,[3] followed by Bhakta Dhruva (aka Dhruva Kumar). Sati Sulochana (ಸತಿ ಸುಲೋಚನ is a Film made in Kannada language.

Both Sati Sulochana and Bhakta Dhruva were major successes. Sati Sulochana (ಸತಿ ಸುಲೋಚನ is a Film made in Kannada language. But prospective filmmakers in Karnataka were handicapped by the lack of studios and technical crews. Karnataka (ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ pronounced) is a state in the southern part of India Sati Sulochana was shot in Kolhapur at the Chatrapathi studio; most filming, sound recording, and post-production was done in Madras (now Chennai). Sati Sulochana (ಸತಿ ಸುಲೋಚನ is a Film made in Kannada language. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Kolhapur ( Marathi:कोल्हापूर is a city situated in the south west corner of It was difficult, as well, to find financial backing for new film projects in the region; thus, very few movies in Kannada were released during the early years of Indian sound cinema. Kannada (kn [[wiktಕನ್ನಡ ಕನ್ನಡ]] Kannaḍa) is one of the major Dravidian languages of India, spoken predominantly in the state The Indian film industry is the largest in the world in terms of ticket sales and number of films produced annually (877 feature films and 1177 short films were released in the year 2003

The 1950s and '60s

The 1950s will be remembered as the decade that introduced the doyen of Kannada cinema - Dr.Rajkumar. Kannada (kn [[wiktಕನ್ನಡ ಕನ್ನಡ]] Kannaḍa) is one of the major Dravidian languages of India, spoken predominantly in the state This page relates to the Kannada actor Dr Rajkumar for other uses of the name see Raj Kumar. Rajkumar, originally known as Mutturaju was a theater artist, discovered by HLN Simha. This page relates to the Kannada actor Dr Rajkumar for other uses of the name see Raj Kumar. HLN offered him a lead role in the mythological movie, Bedara Kannappa. Bedara Kannapa is a 1954 Indian film directed by H L N Simha and written by G The movie proved to be a blockbuster and signaled the arrival of a new star. It also launched comedian Narasimharaju and director G.V.Iyer. T R Narasimharaju, ( 1926- 1979) was an Indian popular actor specialising in roles that required ample comic timing Ganapathi Venkatrama Iyer (also known as G V Iyer) was a well known Indian film director

Even after the success of Bedara Kannappa, Kannada film industry remained stagnant. Bedara Kannapa is a 1954 Indian film directed by H L N Simha and written by G Kannada (kn [[wiktಕನ್ನಡ ಕನ್ನಡ]] Kannaḍa) is one of the major Dravidian languages of India, spoken predominantly in the state Lack of financiers, technicians and studios proved to be a hindrance to film making. Rajkumar, along with Narasimharaju and G.V.Iyer decided to form a partnership and produce movies. This page relates to the Kannada actor Dr Rajkumar for other uses of the name see Raj Kumar. T R Narasimharaju, ( 1926- 1979) was an Indian popular actor specialising in roles that required ample comic timing Ganapathi Venkatrama Iyer (also known as G V Iyer) was a well known Indian film director The partnership lasted for only a couple of movies. Ranadhira Kanteerava was one such successful joint venture. The majority of the films during this decade were either mythological or historical in nature.

The 1970s and '80s

The 1970s and the '80s is heralded as the Golden Age of Kannada cinema. Kannada (kn [[wiktಕನ್ನಡ ಕನ್ನಡ]] Kannaḍa) is one of the major Dravidian languages of India, spoken predominantly in the state It was also the period that witness the birth of alternate cinema or parallel cinema. Kannada cinema spearheaded the parallel cinema movement in India along with Bengali and Malayalam cinemas. Not to be confused with the Malay language. Malayalam (മലയാളം malayāḷaṁ) is a Dravidian language used B V Karanth's Chomana Dudi - an evocative film on caste distinctions, Girish Karnad's Kaadu and Girish Kasaravalli's Ghata shraddha spearheaded the Kannada parallel cinema. Babukodi Venkataramana Karanth (ಬಾಬುಕೋಡಿ ವೆಂಕಟರಮಣ ಕಾರಂತ್ Kannada) (1928 - d Girish Raghunath Karnad (ಗಿರೀಶ್ ರಘುನಾಥ ಕಾರ್ನಾಡ್ (born 19 May 1938) is a contemporary Writer, Playwright Girish Kasaravalli (born 1950) (ಗಿರೀಶ್ ಕಾಸರವಳ್ಳಿ is a legendary movie director of international repute in Kannada Vamshavruksha, Prema Karanth's Phaniyamma, Kadu Kudure, Hamsageethe, Accident, Akramana, Mooru Dhaarigalu, Tabarana Kathe, Bannadha Vesha, were some of the important movies of this decade. Prema Karanth ( August 15, 1936 - October 29, 2007) was a well known theatre personality and the first-ever woman film-maker of Kannada An accident is a specific identifiable unexpected unusual and unintended external event which occurs in a particular time and place without apparent or deliberate Tabarana Kathe (ತಬರನ ಕಥೆ is a Kannada language film released in 1987 directed by Girish Kasaravalli.

Girish Kasaravalli - Pioneer of New Wave Cinema in Karnataka
Girish Kasaravalli - Pioneer of New Wave Cinema in Karnataka

Girish Kasaravalli, a gold medalist from the Pune's FTII, first film Ghata shraddha in 1977, won him the National award for best film. Girish Kasaravalli (born 1950) (ಗಿರೀಶ್ ಕಾಸರವಳ್ಳಿ is a legendary movie director of international repute in Kannada Karnataka (ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ pronounced) is a state in the southern part of India Girish Kasaravalli (born 1950) (ಗಿರೀಶ್ ಕಾಸರವಳ್ಳಿ is a legendary movie director of international repute in Kannada He has won the National award for best film four times including for his latest film Dweepa. Dweepa is a 2002 film by Girish Kasaravalli. Plot Summary Based on the novel with the same title by Norbert D'Souza Dweepa deals with the raging issue of building His award winning films include Akramana(1979), Mooru Dhaarigalu (1981),Tabarana Kathe (1987), Bannadha Vesha (1989), Mane (1989), Kraurya (1996), Taayi Saaheba (1998) and Dweepa (2002). Tabarana Kathe (ತಬರನ ಕಥೆ is a Kannada language film released in 1987 directed by Girish Kasaravalli. Kraurya (ಕ್ರೌರ್ಯ is a 1996 Kannada language film by Girish Kasaravalli. Girish Karnad's Kaadu (1973), Ondanondu Kaladalli (1978), M. Girish Raghunath Karnad (ಗಿರೀಶ್ ರಘುನಾಥ ಕಾರ್ನಾಡ್ (born 19 May 1938) is a contemporary Writer, Playwright S. Sathyu's Kanneshwara Rama (1977), Chithegu Chinthe (1978), Pattabhi Rama Reddy's Samskara (1970) were some the important movies of this decade. Pattabhi Rama Reddy Tikkavarapu, (b February 19, 1919 - d May 6, 2006) was a famous Indian Writer, Film producer Samskara ( Kannada:ಸಂಸ್ಕಾರ is a 1970 film in the Kannada language which is based on a novel of the same name written by the renowned writer

This decade also witness the rise of Puttanna Kanagal, who is widely acknowledged as the greatest director in Kannada film history. Puttanna Kanagal (ಪುಟ್ಟಣ್ಣ ಕಣಗಾಲ್ (1933-1985 was one of the most prominent Kannada Film directors of the 1960s and the 70s Kannada (kn [[wiktಕನ್ನಡ ಕನ್ನಡ]] Kannaḍa) is one of the major Dravidian languages of India, spoken predominantly in the state His movies like Bellimoda, Gejje Pooje, Sharapanjara Sakshatkara, Nagara Havu bought new style of film making which acted as a bridge between commercial and parallel cinema. Belli moda (ಬೆಳ್ಳಿ ಮೋಡ is a 1966 Kannada movie by Puttanna Kanagal. Gejje Pooje (ಗೆಜ್ಜೆ ಪೂಜೆ is a 1969 Kannada movie by Puttanna Kanagal starring Kaplana, Gangadhar and Leelavathi Sharapanjara ( Kannada: ಶರಪಂಜರ Cage of Arrows is a 1971 Kannada movie by Puttanna Kanagal starring Kalpana and Sakshatkara ( Kannada:ಸಾಕ್ಷಾತ್ಕಾರ The Realisation is a 1971 Kannada movie by Puttanna Kanagal starring Rajkumar Nagarahaavu ( Kannada: ನಾಗರಹಾವು The Cobra) is a 1972 Kannada movie by Puttanna Kanagal starring Vishnuvardhan In a bid to popularise film making, the Government of Karnataka in the 1980s granted a 50 percent tax exemption to Kannada films completely made in Karnataka and it increased the subsidy amount to Kannada films. Karnataka (ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ pronounced) is a state in the southern part of India Kannada (kn [[wiktಕನ್ನಡ ಕನ್ನಡ]] Kannaḍa) is one of the major Dravidian languages of India, spoken predominantly in the state Karnataka (ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ pronounced) is a state in the southern part of India Kannada (kn [[wiktಕನ್ನಡ ಕನ್ನಡ]] Kannaḍa) is one of the major Dravidian languages of India, spoken predominantly in the state

Popular Artists from other Industries

Almost all singers have given playback and female actors have acted in the movies from other industries. Prithviraj Kapoor ( Hindi: पृथ्वीराज कपूर Hindko: پرتھویراج کپُور Pṛthvīrāj Kapūr 3 November 1906 Anil Kapoor (अनिल कपूर born December 29, 1959) is a prominent National Film Award -winning Indian actor and producer who appears Mani Ratnam (மணி ரத்னம் (born June 2, 1956 in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India) is a critically acclaimed South Rajinikanth (ರಜನೀಕಾಂತ್ रजनीकांत ரஜினிகாந்த் (born Shivaji Rao Gaekwad on December 12, 1950 Kamal Haasan (born November 7, 1954 in Paramakudi, India is an Indian Film actor and director, considered among

Popular Actors who emigrated


Present

Jogi movie poster

The year 2005 witnessed stupendous box office success for Kannada film industry. Soundarya ( Kannada:ಸೌಂದರ್ಯ( July 17, 1971 - April 17, 2004) was a film actress in Kannada, Telugu Atul Kulkarni (Kannadaಅತುಲ್ ಕುಲಕರ್ಣಿ, born September 10, 1965 in Karnataka, India) is an Indian Actor who has Starting with Shivarajkumar starrer Jogi, which grossed Rs. Shivaraj Kumar (real name Putta Swamy is the son of legendary Kannada matinée Dr Jogi ( Kannada: ಜೋಗಿ is a Kannada-language movie directed by Prem and released on August 22 2005 55 crore at the box office, films like Anna Tangi, Namma Basava, Amruthadhare, Deadly Soma, Nenapirali performed well at the box office. An estimated four of every five released had succeeded at the box office. In early 2005 a huge hit boosted Kannada film Industry Jogi starring Shivraj kumar. Kannada (kn [[wiktಕನ್ನಡ ಕನ್ನಡ]] Kannaḍa) is one of the major Dravidian languages of India, spoken predominantly in the state Jogi ( Kannada: ಜೋಗಿ is a Kannada-language movie directed by Prem and released on August 22 2005 Shivaraj Kumar (real name Putta Swamy is the son of legendary Kannada matinée Dr The profits soared and there was happy mood in the Industry. There were many flicks which were moderate hits. Then came in last quarter of 2006 the huge blockbuster movie Mungaru Male, which shattered all records of the kannada film industry and grossed more than 25 crores, and is released even in many other countries like USA,UK,Australia. Mungaru Male (ಮುಂಗಾರು ಮಳೆ (literal translation - Monsoon Rain Southwest Monsoon in terms of Meteorology) is a Kannada (kn [[wiktಕನ್ನಡ ಕನ್ನಡ]] Kannaḍa) is one of the major Dravidian languages of India, spoken predominantly in the state The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The other huge hit of 2007 is Duniya which is still doing good at the Box Office. In 2008 Kannada film industry saw many firsts. More and more films started to release out side the state and out side India. [4]The budget for Kannada films is now between 5-10 crores as against just 1-2 crore 3 years ago.

Cinematographers

Important Cinematographers of Kannada Cinema

B V Madhusudhan-"Daari tapida maga"

D. V. Raja Ram-"Bandhana"

B. C. GowriShankar-"Om"

S. Ramachandra-"Rishya Shringa","Ghatashradha".

G. S. Bhaskar - "Bannada vesha" , "Nagamandala",

Ramachandra Halkere - "Thaisaheba" ,"Dweepa".

G S V Seetharam of "Ekaangi" , "Aham Premaasmi"

See also

References

  1. ^ Sandalwood's Gain. The list of Kannada feature films released by the Kannada film Industry located in Bangalore, Karnataka. This is a list of Film -related topics National cinemas | glossary | Lists Deccan Herald. January 23, 2006
  2. ^ Young talent applauded. Deccan Herald. December 28, 2003
  3. ^ "First film to talk in Kannada" article in The Hindu
  4. ^ "Bangalore: No Production of Kannada Films for One Year". DaijiWorld. 30 Sep. 2006

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