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Southeast Asian cinema

The cinema of Indonesia has a long history but at present is a small, struggling industry. Southeast Asian cinema refers to the Film industry and films produced in and/or by natives of Southeast Asia. The Cinema of Burma (or Myanmar has a long history dating back to the 1910s Cinema in Cambodia began in the 1950s and many films were being screened in theaters throughout the country by the 1960s which are regarded as the "golden age" The cinema of Malaysia revolves around a small Film industry that dates back to the 1930s The cinema of the Philippines has a history that can be traced back to the early days of Filmmaking in 1897, when a theater owner named Pertierra screened imported Despite having a flourishing Chinese and Malay film industry in the 1950s and 1960s Singapore 's film industry declined after independence in 1965 The cinema of Thailand has a history that stretches back to early days of filmmaking, when King Chulalongkorn 's 1897 visit to Berne, The cinema of Vietnam has a history that goes back to the 1920s and has largedly been shaped by wars that have been fought in the country from the 1940s to the 1970s

Contents

History

The first film made in Indonesia was the 1926 silent film, Loetoeng Kasaroeng, by Dutch directors G. The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. The Dutch people ( Dutch:) are the dominant Ethnic group of the Netherlands. Kruger and L. Heuveldorp. It was made with local actors by the NV Java Film Company in Bandung and premiered on December 31, 1926 at the Elite and Majestic Theatres in Bandung. Bandung (bʌndʊŋ is the capital of West Java province in Indonesia, and the country's fourth largest city Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Bandung (bʌndʊŋ is the capital of West Java province in Indonesia, and the country's fourth largest city [1] Since then, more than 2,200 feature films have been produced.

After its genesis during the Dutch colonial era, the Indonesian film industry was supported by the Japanese occupiers during the Second World War as a propaganda tool. The political character of colonial Indonesia changed greatly during the four decades of the 20th century from 1901 and ending with the Japanese Occupation of Indonesia in 1942 Imperial Japan occupied Indonesia during World War II from March 1942 until after the end of War in 1945 World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Propaganda is a concerted set of messages aimed at influencing the opinions or behaviors of large numbers of people After independence, the Sukarno government used it for nationalistic, anti-Western purposes. Sukarno ( June 6, 1901 – June 21, 1970) was the first President of Indonesia. The term nationalism can refer to an Ideology, a sentiment, a form of Culture, or a Social movement that focuses on the Nation The term Western world, the West or the Occident ( Latin: occidens -sunset -west as distinct from the Orient) can have multiple meanings Foreign film imports were banned. After the overthrow of Sukarno by Suharto's New Order regime, films were regulated through a censorship code that aimed to maintain the social order. Suharto, also spelled Soeharto (June 8 1921 &ndash January 27 2008 was an Indonesian military leader and the second President of Indonesia, holding The New Order ( Indonesian: Orde Baru) is the term coined by former Indonesian President Suharto to characterize his regime as he came to power in 1966 Censorship is the suppression of speech or deletion of communicative material which may be considered objectionable harmful or sensitive as determined by a censor [2] Usmar Ismail, a director from West Sumatra made a major imprint in Indonesian film in the 1950s and 1960s. Usmar Ismail (1921 - 1971 was a prominent Indonesian Film director. West Sumatra ( Indonesian: Sumatera Barat, abbreviated to Sumbar) is a province of Indonesia.

The industry reached its peak in the 1980s, with such successful films as Catatan Si Boy and Blok M (1990). Actors during this era included Onky Alexander, Meriam Bellina, Nike Ardilla and Paramitha Rusady. [3]

However, by the 1990s imports of foreign films resumed, and the artistic quality of Indonesian films was reduced due to competition, especially from the US and Hong Kong. United States cinema has had a profound effect on cinema across the world since the early 20th century The cinema of Hong Kong is one of the three major threads in the history of Chinese language cinema, alongside the Cinema of China The number of movies produced decreased significantly, from 115 movies in 1990 to just 37 in 1993. Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) [4] Rampant counterfeiting and television also contributed to the degradation of Indonesian cinema. A counterfeit is an imitation that is made usually with the intent to deceptively represent its content or origins Television ( TV) is a widely used Telecommunication medium for sending ( Broadcasting) and receiving moving Images, either monochromatic The majority of films produced were exploitive, adult-themed B-movies shown in budget cinemas and outdoor screenings or direct-to-video or television. A B movie is a motion picture made on a low or modest budget Originally the term was used for films intended for distribution as the less-publicized second half of a Double [3]

However, under the Reformasi movement of the post-Suharto era, independent filmmaking has seen a rebirth and films that address such previously prohibited topics as politics, race, religion, class conflict and sexuality are being made. An independent film, or indie film, is a film that is produced outside of the Hollywood Studio system, a series of oligopolistic practices by several [2]

Recent notable films include What's Up with Love? directed by Rudy Soedjarwo in 2002 and Arisan! starring Tora Sudiro, which was released in 2003. What's Up with Love? (Ada Apa dengan Cinta? is a 2002 Indonesian Film directed by Rudy Soedjarwo. Rudianto Soedjarwo (born 9 November 1971) is an Indonesian Film director. The year 2002 in film involved some significant events The first significant releases of sequels took place between Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, Arisan! is a 2003 Indonesian Film that has drawn more than 100 000 viewers Tora Sudiro (born May 10 1973 in Jakarta) is an Indonesian Actor. The year 2003 in film involved some significant events Releases of sequels took place with movies like 2 Fast 2 Furious, The Lord of the Rings The Return In 2005, Beauty and Warrior, Indonesia's first animated feature film was released. The year 2005 in film involved some significant events Releases of sequels took place with movies like The Devil's Rejects, Cheaper Beauty and Warrior is a 2002 Indonesian animated film directed by Sukma Romadhon and produced by Pt The bouncing ball animation (below consists of these 6 frames In the Film industry, a feature film is a Film made for initial distribution in theaters and being the "main attraction" of the screening That same year Gie was released, a biopic of Indonesian activist Soe Hok Gie. Gie is a 2005 Indonesian Biographical film directed by Riri Riza. Soe Hok Gie ( December 17, 1942 – December 16, 1969;) was an Indonesian

The release of Ayat-ayat Cinta (Verses of Love), directed by Hanung Bramantyo has attracted one segment of audience like never happened before. The melodramatic story did not give many new approach to cinematic storytelling but the crossover between Islam and modern-romance story has succeeded in getting Moslem around the country to lure the cinemas. [5].

Film festivals

The major film festival of Indonesia is the Jakarta International Film Festival (JiFFest) held every year in December since 1998. A film festival is the presentation or showcasing of Films in one or more Movie theaters or screening venues The Jakarta International Film Festival is the major Film festival of Indonesia held every year in the capital Jakarta, every December since 1998 Events in December Union Day of Romania (1 December World AIDS Day ( December 1) National Day of Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) The eighth festival began on the December 8, 2006 with Babel, a film starring Brad Pitt and Cate Blanchett. Events 1609 - Biblioteca Ambrosiana opens its reading room the second public library of Europe. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Babel is a 2006 film directed by Alejandro González Iñárritu and written by Guillermo Arriaga, starring an Ensemble cast. William Bradley "Brad" Pitt Pitt received a Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award nomination for his role in the 1995 film Twelve Monkeys Catherine Élise "Cate" Blanchett (born 14 May 1969 is an Academy Award -winning Australian Actress and Stage director. The 9th JiFFest will be held on December 7 - 16, 2007

Another event is the Indonesian Film Festival (Festival Film Indonesia/FFI), which has been held intermittently since 1955. The Indonesian Film Festival ( Festival Film Indonesia / FFI) is a film festival devoted to exhibiting nominees for the Citra Award the national film award for the From 1973 to 1992, the festival was held annually and then discontinued until it was revived in 2004. It hosts a competition, which hands out the Citra award.

In early 2007, some filmmakers protested FFI when one film titled Ekskul was granted the Citra Award for Best Picture. The film was alleged to borrow music from other films (including Taegugki, Munich among others) without proper licensing. The filmmakers who protested returned back their Citra awards that they have received from previous festivals and established Masyarakat Film Indonesia (MFI - Indonesian Film Society) to promote and conduct reform in Indonesian Film Industry, including eliminating regulation on censorship on film.

Notable films

Actors

Notable actors include:

Directors

Notable film directors include:


Movie theaters

The largest movie theater chain in Indonesia is 21 Cineplex, which has cinemas spread throughout twenty-four cities on the islands of Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Bali and Sulawesi. Garin Nugroho Riyanto ( June 6 1961) is a Berlin International Film Festival and Singapore International Film Festival award winning Riri Riza (b October 2, 1970, in Makassar) is an Indonesian Film director, Film producer and Screenwriter Rudianto Soedjarwo (born 9 November 1971) is an Indonesian Film director. Cinemaaustraliajpg|thumb|A movie theater in Australia ]]A movie theater, movie theatre, picture theatre or cinema is a venue Sumatra (also spelled Sumatera) is the sixth largest island in the world (approximately 470000 km² and is the largest island entirely in Indonesia (two Java (Jawa is an Island of Indonesia and the site of its Capital city Jakarta. In most languages in the world the term Kalimantan refers to the Indonesian portion of the island of Borneo, while for Indonesians the name "Kalimantan" Bali is an Indonesian Island located at, the westernmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to Sulawesi (formerly known as Celebes, ˈsɛlɛbiz is one of the four larger Sunda Islands of Indonesia and is situated between Borneo and the However, many smaller independent cinemas also exist. Another movie theater chain is the recently-opened Blitz Megaplex, which operates 2 cineplexes in Jakarta and 1 in Bandung. Their flagship cineplex, the Blitz Megaplex Grand Indonesia in Jakarta, is dubbed Indonesia's largest cineplex by the MURI (Indonesian Record Museum). Grand Indonesia is a mixed-use complex with a total measurement of about 640 000 m2 located beside the prominent Selamat Datang Monument, fronting the traffic

Bibliography

See also

References

  1. ^ Robertson, Patrick (September 1993). Indonesian culture has been shaped by long Interaction between original indigenous customs and multiple foreign influences Media freedom in Indonesia increased considerably after the end of President Suharto 's rule during which the now-defunct Ministry of Information monitored and controlled domestic The Guinness Book of Movie Facts & Feats. Abbeville Press. ISBN 1558596976.  
  2. ^ a b Sen, Krishna; Giecko, Anne Tereska (editor) (2006). Contemporary Asian Cinema, Indonesia: Screening a Nation in the Post-New Order. Oxford/New York: Berg, 96-107. ISBN 1845202376.  
  3. ^ a b Kompas
  4. ^ Kondisi Perfilman di Indonesia
  5. ^ KOMPAS Cetak : Pertemuan Baru Islam dan Cinta

External links

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