Chur
Country Switzerland Canton Grisons District Plessur 46°51′N, 9°32′E
Population	34,915  (January 2008)
- Density	1,247 /km² (3,228 /sq. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the states of the Federal state of Switzerland. Graubünden or Grisons ( German:, gʁaʊˈbyndən Italian: Grigioni; Romansh: Grischun) is the largest and easternmost In contrast to centrally organised States in the federally constituted Switzerland each Canton iscompletely free to decide its own Plessur is an administrative district in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology PortalCurrent events International holidays January 1 - New Year's Day January 1 - Independence Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume mi. )
Area	28.01 km² (10.8 sq mi)
Elevation	593 m (1,946 ft)
- Highest	1885 m - Fürhörnli
- Lowest	554 m - Bettlerküchen
Postal code	7000-7007
SFOS number	3901
Mayor (list)	Christian Boner (as of 2008) SVP/UDC
Localities	Altstadt, Sand, Kasernenquartier, Industriegebiet, Loestrasse-Lürlibad, Masans, Rheinquartier
Surrounded by (view map)	Churwalden, Domat/Ems, Felsberg, Haldenstein, Maladers, Malix, Trimmis
Twin towns	Bad Homburg (Germany), Cabourg (France), Mayrhofen (Austria), Mondorf-les-Bains (Luxembourg), Olathe (USA), Terracina (Italy)
Website	www.chur.ch
Chur [zoom]

Chur (German: Chur [kuːr] (in Graubünden), [xuːr] (elsewhere); Romansh Cuira [ˈkwera] or [ˈkwojra]; Italian Coira [ˈkɔjra]); French: Coire; Latin: Curia, Curia Rhaetorum and Curia Raetorum) is the capital of the Swiss canton of Graubünden and lies in the northern part of the canton. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. To help compare sizes of different geographic regions we list here Areas between 10 km² (1000 Hectares and 100 km² (10000 hectares The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International This page is a summary of the Postal codes of Switzerland and Liechtenstein. The Official Municipality Key, formerly also known as the Official Municipality Characteristic Number or Municipality Code Number is a number sequence for the identification of politically This is a list of mayors of Chur. The Mayor held the title of Bürgermeister until 1875 The Swiss People's Party (SVP also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre (UDC is a Political party in Switzerland. The following is a list of the municipalities in Switzerland, listed alphabetically (from Aadorf to Zwischbergen) Churwalden is a municipality in the district of Plessur in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. Domat/Ems is a municipality in the district of Imboden in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. Felsberg is a municipality in the district of Imboden in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. Haldenstein is a municipality in the district of Landquart in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. Maladers is a municipality in the district of Plessur in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. Malix is a municipality in the district of Plessur in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. Trimmis is a municipality in the district of Landquart in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. This list includes twin towns/sister cites ( Partnergemeinden, Partnerstädte, villes ou communes jumelles) of towns in Switzerland Also see Homburg. Bad Homburg vor der Höhe (official Bad Homburg v Cabourg is a commune in the Calvados département in the Basse-Normandie region of France. Mayrhofen is a Town in the Zillertal (Ziller river valley of Tyrol, Austria. Mondorf-les-Bains (Munneref Bad Mondorf is a commune and town in south-eastern Luxembourg. Olathe (oʊˈleɪθə is a city located in the northeast part of the U Terracina is a town and Comune of the Province of Latina - (until 1934 of the Province of Rome) Italy, 76 km SE of Rome by The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Romansh or Romansch may refer to Romansh language Romansh people Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the states of the Federal state of Switzerland. Graubünden or Grisons ( German:, gʁaʊˈbyndən Italian: Grigioni; Romansh: Grischun) is the largest and easternmost

Contents 1 History 2 Ecclesiastical history and prince-bishopric 3 Description 3.1 Sights 4 Transportation 5 See also 6 Sources and References 7 External links

History

The city of Chur, the residence of the bishop and capital of the canton of Graubünden, is over 5,000 years old, rightfully claiming to be the oldest Swiss city.

It was once a Roman fortified camp, Curia Raetorum in Latin, and became the capital of the Roman province of Rhaetia Prima in 15 BC. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial Raetia (so always in inscriptions classical manuscripts usually use the form Rhaetia) was a province of the Roman Empire, bounded on the west by the country It was of moderate importance, being mentioned in the Antonine Itineraries and Paul the Deacon's Historia Langobardorum (History of the Lombards), vi. The Antonine Itinerary (in Latin: Antonini Itinerarium) is a register of the stations and distances along the various roads of the Roman empire, containing Paul the Deacon (c 720 &ndash 13 April probably 799 also known as Paulus Diaconus, Warnefred and Cassinensis (i 21.

The bishopric still existed in the early 20th century, with jurisdiction over the cantons of the Graubünden, Glarus, Zurich, and the three Forest Cantons (Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden, and Lucerne), as well as the sovereign Principality of Liechtenstein. Graubünden or Grisons ( German:, gʁaʊˈbyndən Italian: Grigioni; Romansh: Grischun) is the largest and easternmost Glarus (German) is the capital of the Canton of Glarus in Switzerland. Zürich (, Zürich German: Züri, Zurich, Zurigo; in English generally Zurich) is the largest city in Switzerland and capital of the Waldstätte (literally "forest settlement" since the early 14th century had been a term for the wooded territories of the Alpine foothills Uri (German) is one of the 26 Cantons of Switzerland. It is located in Central Switzerland. Schwyz ( German) is a canton in central Switzerland between the Alps in the south Lake Lucerne in the east and Lake Zurich Unterwalden is the old name for what is now two cantons in central Switzerland, south of Lake Lucerne. Lucerne (Luzern is a canton of Switzerland. It is located in the centre of Switzerland The Principality of Liechtenstein (Fürstentum Liechtenstein) is a tiny doubly landlocked Alpine country in Western Europe, bordered by Switzerland The guild constitution of the city of Chur lasted from 1465 to 1839, while in 1874 the Burgergemeinde was replaced by an Einwohnergemeinde.

When Graubünden became a canton in 1803, Chur was chosen as its capital. Graubünden or Grisons ( German:, gʁaʊˈbyndən Italian: Grigioni; Romansh: Grischun) is the largest and easternmost 1803 ( MDCCCIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a

Ecclesiastical history and prince-bishopric

Main article: Diocese of Chur

The Diocese of Chur comprises the Swiss cantons of Graubünden, Glarus, Zürich, Unterwalden, and Uri. The Diocese of Chur comprises the Swiss Cantons of Graubünden (Grisons Schwyz, Glarus, Zurich, Nidwalden, Obwalden The Diocese of Chur comprises the Swiss Cantons of Graubünden (Grisons Schwyz, Glarus, Zurich, Nidwalden, Obwalden The sovereign Principality of Lichtenstein was a deanery within the Diocese until 1997, when it was separated from Chur by Papal decree and became the independent Archdiocese of Vaduz/Liechtenstein, with Wolfgang Haas, former Bishop of Chur and a native of Liechtenstein, as the first Archbishop.

A Bishop of Chur is first mentioned in 451/ 452 when its Bishop St. The Bishop of Chur (German Bischof von Chur) is the Ordinary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Chur, Grisons, Switzerland Events By Place Western Roman Empire April 7 — The Huns sack Metz. Asimo attended the Synod of Milan (Mansi, IV, 141), but the bishopric probably existed a century earlier.

Several holy and extraordinary men have contributed to the splendour of the Diocese of Chur. Four of its bishops are honoured as saints: St. Asimo (c. 450), St. Valentinian (530-48), St. Ursicinus (d. 760), and St. Adalbert (1151-60). Saint Adalbert may refer to Adalbert of Prague Adalbert of Magdeburg Adalbert of Egmond

According to the Kirchliches Handlexicon (Munich, 1906) the diocese had a Catholic population of about 248,887 (non-Catholics, 431,367). Kirchliches Handlexicon is a book published by Michael Buchberger in Munich in 1907

Description

Chur is built, at a height of 1949 ft. above the sea-level, on the right bank of the Plessur torrent, just as it issues from the Schanfigg valley, and about a mile above its junction with the Rhine, almost entirely surrounded by the Alps, overshadowed by the Mittenberg (east) and Pizokel (south), hills that guard the entrance to the deep-cut Schanfigg valley.

Chur has 33,500 inhabitants; languages spoken include Swiss German, Italian and Romansh. Swiss German ( Schweizerdeutsch, Schwyzerdütsch, Schwiizertüütsch, Schwizertitsch) is any of the Alemannic dialects spoken Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. Romansh or Romansch may refer to Romansh language Romansh people In 1900 of its 11,532 inhabitants, 9288 were German-speaking, 1466 Romansch-speaking, and 677 Italian-speaking; while 7561 were Protestants, 3962 Roman Catholics.

It has a variable altitude in the city area from just 600 metres above sea level to 1,800 metres above sea level, while the Churer Hausberg Brambrüesch (accessible from the Old Town) is situated at 2,174 metres above sea level.

The water of Chur's spring is exported and sold as Passugger mineral water.

Sights

The modern part of the city is to the west, but the old portion, with all the historical buildings, is to the east. Here is the cathedral church of St Luzius (who is the patron of Coire, and is supposed to be a 2nd-century British king Lucius, though really the name has probably arisen from a confusion between Lucius of Cyrene, miswritten curiensis, with the Roman general Lucius Munatius Plancus, who conquered Raetia). Saint Lucius was a legendary figure and mythical king of the Britons in the 2nd century AD Lucius of Cyrene was according to the Book of Acts, one of the founders of the Christian Church in Antioch of Syria Lucius Munatius Plancus (ca 87 BC-ca 15 BC was a Roman senator, Consul in 42 BC and censor in 22 BC with Aemilius Lepidus Paullus.

Built between 1178 and 1282, on the site of an older church, it contains many curious medieval antiquities (especially in the sacristy), as well as a picture by Angelica Kaufmann, and the tomb of the great Grisons political leader (d. 1637) Jenatsch. Georg Jenatsch, commonly called Jürg or Jörg Jenatsch ( 1596 - January 24, 1639) was a Swiss political leader during Opposite is the Bishops Palace, and not far off, is the Episcopal Seminary (built on the ruins of a 6th-century monastic foundation). Not far from these ancient monuments is the new Raetian Museum, which contains a great collection of objects relating to Raetia (including the geological collections of the Benedictine monk of Disentis Abbey, Placidus a Spescha (1752-1833), who explored the high snowy regions around the sources of the Rhine). Disentis Abbey ( Kloster or Reichskloster Disentis) is a Benedictine monastery in the Canton of Graubünden in eastern Switzerland, One of the hospitals was founded by the famous Capuchin philanthropist, Father Theodosius Florentini (1808-1865), who was long the Romanist cur of Coire, and whose remains were in 1906 transferred from the cathedral here to Ingenbohl (near Schwyz), his chief foundation. Theodosius Florentini (born at Münster, in the Grisons, Switzerland 23 May[[ 808]] died at Heiden, in Appenzell, 15 February[[ The Romano-Gothic cathedral where lie the remains of Jörg Jenatsch was begun by Bishop Tello (758-73), has a highly interesting crypt; it contains remarkable paintings by Dürer and Holbein. Georg Jenatsch, commonly called Jürg or Jörg Jenatsch ( 1596 - January 24, 1639) was a Swiss political leader during Tello (died 24 September probably 765 was the Bishop of Chur from 758/759 until his death Albrecht Dürer (ˈalbʀɛçt ˈdyʀɐ ( May 21, 1471 &ndash April 6, 1528) was a German painter, Printmaker

In this town you may also visit the Giger Bar designed by the Swiss artist H. R. Giger, the Old Town, the art gallery, and the natural museum. A Giger Bar is a bar themed and modelled by the Swiss artist H Hans Ruedi Giger (ˈɡi ɡɚ (born at Chur, Grisons Canton, February 5, 1940) is an Academy Award -winning Swiss

Transportation

Chur is 74 km by rail from Zurich, and is the meeting-point of the routes from Italy over many alpine passes (Lukmanier Pass, Splugen Pass, and San Bernardino Pass), as well as from the Engadine (Albula Pass, Julier Pass), so that it is the centre of an active trade (particularly in wine from the Valtelline), though it also has a few local factories. Lukmanier Pass (Italian Passo del Lucomagno, Romansh Cuolm Lucmagn) is a pass (el The Splügen Pass ( German: Splügenpass; Italian: Passo dello Spluga; Latin: Cunus Aureus) (el San Bernardino Pass (el 2063 m is a high Mountain pass in the Swiss Alps connecting the Hinterrhein and the Mesolcina (Misox valleys Albula Pass ( Romansh: Pass d'Alvra or Pass da l'Alvra, German: Albulapass) (el The Julier Pass ( Romansh: Pass dal Güglia, German: Julierpass) (el Valtellina or the Valtelline Valley; (Valtellina Veltlin Vuclina is a valley in the Lombardy region of northern Italy, bordering Switzerland

The railway station has the SBB-CFF-FFS lines link with the RhB (Rhaetian railways) lines. Swiss Federal Railways ( German: SBB Schweizerische Bundesbahnen French: CFF Chemins de fer fédéraux suisses Italian: FFS Ferrovie federali svizzere The RhB (Rhaetian Railway / Rhätische Bahn ( German) / Ferrovia Retica ( Italian) / Viafier Retica ( Romansh) has the While the SBB lines serve most of Switzerland, most of Graubünden's rail traffic is served by Rhaetian state railways.

There is also a bus station on top of the railway station.

Chur is linked by a motorway—the A13.

See also

• Bishop of Chur for the list of incumbents
• Mario Frick - Liechtensteiner football player, born in Chur. The Bishop of Chur (German Bischof von Chur) is the Ordinary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Chur, Grisons, Switzerland Mario Frick (born September 7, 1974 in Chur, Switzerland) is a half-Swiss football player (primarily a Striker) from The Principality of Liechtenstein (Fürstentum Liechtenstein) is a tiny doubly landlocked Alpine country in Western Europe, bordered by Switzerland
• H. R. Giger - Artist born in Chur. Hans Ruedi Giger (ˈɡi ɡɚ (born at Chur, Grisons Canton, February 5, 1940) is an Academy Award -winning Swiss
• Angelika Kaufmann - Artist born in Chur
• Johanna Spyri
• List of mayors of Chur

Sources and References

• Chur (municipality) in Romansh, German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland. Maria Anna Angelika/Angelica Katharina Kauffmann ( October 30, 1741 &ndash November 5, 1807) was a Swiss-Austrian painter. Johanna Spyri (johana ʃpiːʁi ( 12 June 1827 &ndash 7 July 1901) was an author of children's stories and is best known for Heidi This is a list of mayors of Chur. The Mayor held the title of Bürgermeister until 1875 The Historical Dictionary of Switzerland is an Encyclopedia on the History of Switzerland that aims to take into account the results of modern historical research
• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone as Coire
• A. Eichhorn, Episcopatus Curiensis (St Blasien, 1797)
• W. von Juvalt, Forschungen fiber die Feudalzeit im Curischen Raetien, 2 parts (Zurich, 1871)
• C. Kind, Die Reformation in den Bisthflmern Chur und Como (Coire, 1858)
• Conradin von Moor, Geschichte von Curraelien (2 vols. , Coire, 1870-1874)
• P. C. you Planta, Des alte Raetien (Berlin, 1872); Idem, Die Curraetischen Herrschaften in der Feudalzeit (Bern, 188i); Idem, Verfassungsgeschichte der Stadt Cur im Mittelalter (Coire, 1879); Idem, Geschichte von Graubünden (Bern, 1892).
• This article incorporates text from the public-domain Catholic Encyclopedia of 1913. The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone The Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to today as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language Encyclopedia published by The Encyclopedia
• Principality of Liechtenstein homepage on religion

External links

• City of Chur - official website (German)
• Chur tourism office (German)

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